1
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Liu L, Xiao H. Inverted Region in Electrochemical Reduction of CO 2 Induced by Potential-Dependent Pauli Repulsion. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37294851 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c02447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (eCO2RR) is of great significance to energy and environmental engineering, while fundamental questions remain regarding its mechanisms. Herein, we formulate a fundamental understanding of the interplay between the applied potential (U) and kinetics of CO2 activation in eCO2RR on Cu surfaces. We find that the nature of the CO2 activation mechanism in eCO2RR varies with U, and it is the sequential electron-proton transfer (SEPT) mechanism dominant at the working U but switched to the concerted proton-electron transfer (CPET) mechanism at highly negative U. We then identify that the barrier of the electron-transfer step in the SEPT mechanism exhibits an inverted region as U decreases, which originates from the rapidly rising Pauli repulsion in the physisorption of CO2 with decreasing U. We further demonstrate catalyst designs that effectively suppress the adverse effect of Pauli repulsion. This fundamental understanding may be general for the electrochemical reduction reactions of closed-shell molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyu Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hai Xiao
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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2
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Schireman RG, Maul J, Erba A, Ruggiero MT. Anharmonic Coupling of Stretching Vibrations in Ice: A Periodic VSCF and VCI Description. J Chem Theory Comput 2022; 18:4428-4437. [PMID: 35737003 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c00217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The anharmonicity of O-H stretching vibrations of water ice is characterized by use of a periodic implementation of the vibrational self-consistent field (VSCF) and vibrational configuration interaction (VCI) methods, which take phonon-phonon couplings explicitly into account through numerical evaluation of high-order terms of the nuclear potential. The low-temperature, proton-ordered phase of water ice (namely, ice XI) is investigated. The net effect of a coupled anharmonic treatment of stretching modes is not just a rigid blue-shift of the respective harmonic spectral frequencies but rather a complex change of their relative spectral positions, which cannot be captured by simple scaling strategies based on harmonic calculations. The adopted techniques allow for a hierarchical treatment of anharmonic terms of the nuclear potential, which is key to an effective identification of leading factors. We show that the anharmonic independent-mode approximation─only describing the "intrinsic anharmonicity" of the O-H stretches─is unable to capture the correct physics, and that couplings among O-H stretches must be described. Inspection of harmonic normal coordinates allows identification of specific features of the O-H stretching motions which most likely enable strong mode-mode couplings. Finally, by coupling O-H stretches to all other possible modes of ice XI (THz collective vibrations, molecular librations, bendings), we identify specific types of motion which significantly affect O-H stretching states: in particular, molecular librations are found to affect the stretching states more than molecular bendings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond G Schireman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, 82 University Place, Burlington, Vermont 05405, United States of America
| | - Jefferson Maul
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, via Giuria 5, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Alessandro Erba
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Torino, via Giuria 5, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Michael T Ruggiero
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, 82 University Place, Burlington, Vermont 05405, United States of America
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3
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Funke S, Sebastiani F, Schwaab G, Havenith M. Spectroscopic fingerprints in the low frequency spectrum of ice (Ih), clathrate hydrates, supercooled water, and hydrophobic hydration reveal similarities in the hydrogen bond network motifs. J Chem Phys 2019; 150:224505. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5097218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Funke
- Physical Chemistry II, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Federico Sebastiani
- Physical Chemistry II, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Gerhard Schwaab
- Physical Chemistry II, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Martina Havenith
- Physical Chemistry II, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
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4
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Mallory JD, Mandelshtam VA. Nuclear Quantum Effects and Thermodynamic Properties for Small (H2O)1–21X– Clusters (X– = F–, Cl–, Br–, I–). J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:4167-4180. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b00917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joel D. Mallory
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
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5
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Katayama K, Nonaka Y, Tsutsui K, Imai H, Kandori H. Spectral Tuning Mechanism of Primate Blue-sensitive Visual Pigment Elucidated by FTIR Spectroscopy. Sci Rep 2017; 7:4904. [PMID: 28687791 PMCID: PMC5501831 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05177-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein-bound water molecules are essential for the structure and function of many membrane proteins, including G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Our prior work focused on studying the primate green- (MG) and red- (MR) sensitive visual pigments using low-temperature Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, which revealed protein-bound waters in both visual pigments. Although the internal waters are located in the vicinity of both the retinal Schiff base and retinal β-ionone ring, only the latter showed differences between MG and MR, which suggests their role in color tuning. Here, we report FTIR spectra of primate blue-sensitive pigment (MB) in the entire mid-IR region, which reveal the presence of internal waters that possess unique water vibrational signals that are reminiscent of a water cluster. These vibrational signals of the waters are influenced by mutations at position Glu113 and Trp265 in Rh, which suggest that these waters are situated between these two residues. Because Tyr265 is the key residue for achieving the spectral blue-shift in λmax of MB, we propose that these waters are responsible for the increase in polarity toward the retinal Schiff base, which leads to the localization of the positive charge in the Schiff base and consequently causes the blue-shift of λmax.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kota Katayama
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8555, Japan
- OptoBioTechnology Research Center, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-855, Japan
| | - Yuki Nonaka
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8555, Japan
| | - Kei Tsutsui
- Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, 484-8506, Japan
| | - Hiroo Imai
- Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, 484-8506, Japan
| | - Hideki Kandori
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8555, Japan.
- OptoBioTechnology Research Center, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-855, Japan.
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6
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Cu metal embedded in oxidized matrix catalyst to promote CO 2 activation and CO dimerization for electrochemical reduction of CO 2. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:6685-6688. [PMID: 28607069 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1702405114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We propose and validate with quantum mechanics methods a unique catalyst for electrochemical reduction of CO2 (CO2RR) in which selectivity and activity of CO and C2 products are both enhanced at the borders of oxidized and metallic surface regions. This Cu metal embedded in oxidized matrix (MEOM) catalyst is consistent with observations that Cu2O-based electrodes improve performance. However, we show that a fully oxidized matrix (FOM) model would not explain the experimentally observed performance boost, and we show that the FOM is not stable under CO2 reduction conditions. This electrostatic tension between the Cu+ and Cu0 surface sites responsible for the MEOM mechanism suggests a unique strategy for designing more efficient and selective electrocatalysts for CO2RR to valuable chemicals (HCOx), a critical need for practical environmental and energy applications.
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7
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Xiao H, Cheng T, Goddard WA. Atomistic Mechanisms Underlying Selectivities in C(1) and C(2) Products from Electrochemical Reduction of CO on Cu(111). J Am Chem Soc 2016; 139:130-136. [PMID: 28001061 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b06846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Practical environmental and energy applications of the electrochemical reduction of CO2 to chemicals and fuels require far more efficient and selective electrocatalysts beyond the only working material Cu, but the wealth of experimental data on Cu can serve to validate any proposed mechanisms. To provide design guidelines, we use quantum mechanics to predict the detailed atomistic mechanisms responsible for C1 and C2 products on Cu. Thus, we report the pH dependent routes to the major products, methane and ethylene, and identify the key intermediates where branches to methanol, ketene, ethanol, acetylene, and ethane are kinetically blocked. We discovered that surface water on Cu plays a key role in the selectivity for hydrocarbon products over the oxygen-containing alcohol products by serving as a strong proton donor for electrochemical dehydration reductions. We suggest new experiments to validate our predicted mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Xiao
- Materials and Process Simulation Center (MSC) and Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis (JCAP), California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Tao Cheng
- Materials and Process Simulation Center (MSC) and Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis (JCAP), California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - William A Goddard
- Materials and Process Simulation Center (MSC) and Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis (JCAP), California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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8
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Cisneros G, Wikfeldt KT, Ojamäe L, Lu J, Xu Y, Torabifard H, Bartók AP, Csányi G, Molinero V, Paesani F. Modeling Molecular Interactions in Water: From Pairwise to Many-Body Potential Energy Functions. Chem Rev 2016; 116:7501-28. [PMID: 27186804 PMCID: PMC5450669 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 278] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Almost 50 years have passed from the first computer simulations of water, and a large number of molecular models have been proposed since then to elucidate the unique behavior of water across different phases. In this article, we review the recent progress in the development of analytical potential energy functions that aim at correctly representing many-body effects. Starting from the many-body expansion of the interaction energy, specific focus is on different classes of potential energy functions built upon a hierarchy of approximations and on their ability to accurately reproduce reference data obtained from state-of-the-art electronic structure calculations and experimental measurements. We show that most recent potential energy functions, which include explicit short-range representations of two-body and three-body effects along with a physically correct description of many-body effects at all distances, predict the properties of water from the gas to the condensed phase with unprecedented accuracy, thus opening the door to the long-sought "universal model" capable of describing the behavior of water under different conditions and in different environments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kjartan Thor Wikfeldt
- Science
Institute, University of Iceland, VR-III, 107, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Department
of Physics, Albanova, Stockholm University, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Ojamäe
- Department
of Chemistry, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Jibao Lu
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0850, United States
| | - Yao Xu
- Lehrstuhl
Physikalische Chemie II, Ruhr-Universität
Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Hedieh Torabifard
- Department
of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Albert P. Bartók
- Engineering
Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Trumpington Street, Cambridge CB21PZ, United Kingdom
| | - Gábor Csányi
- Engineering
Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Trumpington Street, Cambridge CB21PZ, United Kingdom
| | - Valeria Molinero
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0850, United States
| | - Francesco Paesani
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
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9
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Shi L, Ni Y, Drews SEP, Skinner JL. Dielectric constant and low-frequency infrared spectra for liquid water and ice Ih within the E3B model. J Chem Phys 2015; 141:084508. [PMID: 25173022 DOI: 10.1063/1.4893792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Two intrinsic difficulties in modeling condensed-phase water with conventional rigid non-polarizable water models are: reproducing the static dielectric constants for liquid water and ice Ih, and generating the peak at about 200 cm(-1) in the low-frequency infrared spectrum for liquid water. The primary physical reason for these failures is believed to be the missing polarization effect in these models, and consequently various sophisticated polarizable water models have been developed. However, in this work we pursue a different strategy and propose a simple empirical scheme to include the polarization effect only on the dipole surface (without modifying a model's intermolecular interaction potential). We implement this strategy for our explicit three-body (E3B) model. Our calculated static dielectric constants and low-frequency infrared spectra are in good agreement with experiment for both liquid water and ice Ih over wide temperature ranges, albeit with one fitting parameter for each phase. The success of our modeling also suggests that thermal fluctuations about local minima and the energy differences between different proton-disordered configurations play minor roles in the static dielectric constant of ice Ih. Our analysis shows that the polarization effect is important in resolving the two difficulties mentioned above and sheds some light on the origin of several features in the low-frequency infrared spectra for liquid water and ice Ih.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Shi
- Theoretical Chemistry Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Y Ni
- Theoretical Chemistry Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - S E P Drews
- Theoretical Chemistry Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - J L Skinner
- Theoretical Chemistry Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
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10
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Liu H, Wang Y, Bowman JM. Quantum calculations of the IR spectrum of liquid water using ab initio and model potential and dipole moment surfaces and comparison with experiment. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:194502. [PMID: 26001464 DOI: 10.1063/1.4921045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The calculation and characterization of the IR spectrum of liquid water have remained a challenge for theory. In this paper, we address this challenge using a combination of ab initio approaches, namely, a quantum treatment of IR spectrum using the ab initio WHBB water potential energy surface and a refined ab initio dipole moment surface. The quantum treatment is based on the embedded local monomer method, in which the three intramolecular modes of each embedded H2O monomer are fully coupled and also coupled singly to each of six intermolecular modes. The new dipole moment surface consists of a previous spectroscopically accurate 1-body dipole moment surface and a newly fitted ab initio intrinsic 2-body dipole moment. A detailed analysis of the new dipole moment surface in terms of the coordinate dependence of the effective atomic charges is done along with tests of it for the water dimer and prism hexamer double-harmonic spectra against direct ab initio calculations. The liquid configurations are taken from previous molecular dynamics calculations of Skinner and co-workers, using the TIP4P plus E3B rigid monomer water potential. The IR spectrum of water at 300 K in the range of 0-4000 cm(-1) is calculated and compared with experiment, using the ab initio WHBB potential and new ab initio dipole moment, the q-TIP4P/F potential, which has a fixed-charged description of the dipole moment, and the TTM3-F potential and dipole moment surfaces. The newly calculated ab initio spectrum is in very good agreement with experiment throughout the above spectral range, both in band positions and intensities. This contrasts to results with the other potentials and dipole moments, especially the fixed-charge q-TIP4P/F model, which gives unrealistic intensities. The calculated ab initio spectrum is analyzed by examining the contribution of various transitions to each band.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanchao Liu
- Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation and Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Yimin Wang
- Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation and Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Joel M Bowman
- Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation and Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
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11
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Shi L, Skinner JL. Mixed quantum/classical approach to OH-stretch inelastic incoherent neutron scattering spectroscopy for ambient and supercooled liquid water and ice Ih. J Chem Phys 2015; 143:014503. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4923387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- L. Shi
- Theoretical Chemistry Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - J. L. Skinner
- Theoretical Chemistry Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
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12
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13
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Bowman JM, Wang Y, Liu H, Mancini JS. Ab Initio Quantum Approaches to the IR Spectroscopy of Water and Hydrates. J Phys Chem Lett 2015; 6:366-373. [PMID: 26261949 DOI: 10.1021/jz502196f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This Perspective highlights progress in ab initio quantum approaches to IR spectroscopy of water and hydrates. Here, "ab initio" refers to many-body potentials and dipole moment surfaces for flexible water and hydrates. Specifically, these are mathematical representations of two-body and three-body interactions based on permutationally invariant fitting of tens of thousands of ab initio electronic energies, a spectroscopically accurate one-body monomer potential, and four- and higher-body interactions described by the long-range interactions incorporated into, for example, the TTM3-F family of potentials. There are currently two such potentials of this type, denoted WHBB and MB-pol, which are being used in expanding applications. Here, the focus is on infrared spectroscopy, using the WHBB potential and dipole moment surface, with an embedded, local monomer quantum method to obtain vibrational energies and dipole transition moments. Comparisons are also made with the popular q-TIP4P/F potential. Brief mention is made of an application to small HCl-H2O clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel M Bowman
- Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation and Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Yimin Wang
- Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation and Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Hanchao Liu
- Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation and Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - John S Mancini
- Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation and Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
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Morais SFDA, Mundim KC, Ferreira DAC. An alternative interpretation of the ultracold methylhydroxycarbene rearrangement mechanism: cooperative effects. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:7443-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp05842a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have reported surprising results related to the rearrangement of carbenes under ultracold conditions, through quantum tunnelling. Here, we demonstrate that a rearrangement of methylhydroxycarbene is possible through cooperative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara F. de A. Morais
- Laboratório de Modelagem de Sistemas Complexos
- Universidade de Brasília
- Instituto de Química (IQ-UnB)
- Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro
- Asa Norte - Brasília-DF
| | - Kleber C. Mundim
- Laboratório de Modelagem de Sistemas Complexos
- Universidade de Brasília
- Instituto de Química (IQ-UnB)
- Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro
- Asa Norte - Brasília-DF
| | - Daví A. C. Ferreira
- Laboratório de Modelagem de Sistemas Complexos
- Universidade de Brasília
- Instituto de Química (IQ-UnB)
- Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro
- Asa Norte - Brasília-DF
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15
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Gilliard K, Sode O, Hirata S. Second-order many-body perturbation and coupled-cluster singles and doubles study of ice VIII. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:174507. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4873919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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