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Kong X, Ren J, Li J, Liu Y, Li K. Modular Synthesis of α-Aryl-α-Heteroaryl α-Amino Acid Derivatives via a Copper-Catalyzed Cross-Dehydrogenative-Coupling Reaction Using Air as the Sole Oxidant. Org Lett 2023; 25:7073-7077. [PMID: 37767976 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c01934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
A novel copper-catalyzed cross-dehydrogenative-coupling (CDC) process of arylglycine derivatives with N-heteroarenes for the straightforward synthesis of α-aryl-α-heteroaryl α-amino acid scaffolds has been successfully developed. This protocol exhibits a broad substrate scope with good functional group compatibility by utilizing air as the sole oxidant. The use of the reaction is also displayed through the late-stage functionalization of arylglycines bearing natural compounds or drug motifs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangxiang Kong
- Biophamaceutical Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jing Ren
- Biophamaceutical Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jinlong Li
- Biophamaceutical Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Biophamaceutical Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Kaizhi Li
- Biophamaceutical Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu 610041, China
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2
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Castro TG, Melle-Franco M, Sousa CEA, Cavaco-Paulo A, Marcos JC. Non-Canonical Amino Acids as Building Blocks for Peptidomimetics: Structure, Function, and Applications. Biomolecules 2023; 13:981. [PMID: 37371561 DOI: 10.3390/biom13060981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This review provides a fresh overview of non-canonical amino acids and their applications in the design of peptidomimetics. Non-canonical amino acids appear widely distributed in nature and are known to enhance the stability of specific secondary structures and/or biological function. Contrary to the ubiquitous DNA-encoded amino acids, the structure and function of these residues are not fully understood. Here, results from experimental and molecular modelling approaches are gathered to classify several classes of non-canonical amino acids according to their ability to induce specific secondary structures yielding different biological functions and improved stability. Regarding side-chain modifications, symmetrical and asymmetrical α,α-dialkyl glycines, Cα to Cα cyclized amino acids, proline analogues, β-substituted amino acids, and α,β-dehydro amino acids are some of the non-canonical representatives addressed. Backbone modifications were also examined, especially those that result in retro-inverso peptidomimetics and depsipeptides. All this knowledge has an important application in the field of peptidomimetics, which is in continuous progress and promises to deliver new biologically active molecules and new materials in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarsila G Castro
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- LABBELS-Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Manuel Melle-Franco
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Cristina E A Sousa
- BioMark Sensor Research-School of Engineering of the Polytechnic Institute of Porto, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal
| | - Artur Cavaco-Paulo
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- LABBELS-Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - João C Marcos
- Centre of Chemistry, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
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3
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Calcatelli A, Denton RM, Ball LT. Modular Synthesis of α,α-Diaryl α-Amino Esters via Bi(V)-Mediated Arylation/S N2-Displacement of Kukhtin–Ramirez Intermediates. Org Lett 2022; 24:8002-8007. [PMID: 36278869 PMCID: PMC9641671 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
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We report a concise and modular approach to α,α-diaryl
α-amino esters from readily available α-keto esters. This
mild, one-pot protocol proceeds via ketone umpolung, with in situ formation of a Kukhtin–Ramirez intermediate
preceding sequential electrophilic arylation by Bi(V) and SN2 displacement by an amine. The methodology is compatible with a
wide range of anilines and primary amines - including derivatives
of drugs and proteinogenic amino acids - Bi(V) arylating agents, and
α-keto ester substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ross M. Denton
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
- GlaxoSmithKline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, University of Nottingham, 6 Triumph Road, Nottingham NG7 2GA, U.K
| | - Liam T. Ball
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
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Changes in Peptaibol Production of Trichoderma Species during In Vitro Antagonistic Interactions with Fungal Plant Pathogens. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10050730. [PMID: 32392805 PMCID: PMC7277233 DOI: 10.3390/biom10050730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Trichoderma species are widely used as biofungicides for the control of fungal plant pathogens. Several studies have been performed to identify the main genes and compounds involved in Trichoderma–plant–microbial pathogen cross-talks. However, there is not much information about the exact mechanism of this profitable interaction. Peptaibols secreted mainly by Trichoderma species are linear, 5–20 amino acid residue long, non-ribosomally synthesized peptides rich in α-amino isobutyric acid, which seem to be effective in Trichoderma–plant pathogenic fungus interactions. In the present study, reversed phase (RP) high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry (MS) was used to detect peptaibol profiles of Trichoderma strains during interactions with fungal plant pathogens. MS investigations of the crude extracts deriving from in vitro confrontations of Trichoderma asperellum and T. longibrachiatum with different plant pathogenic fungi (Fusarium moniliforme, F. culmorum, F. graminearum, F. oxysporum species complex, Alternaria solani and Rhizoctonia solani) were performed to get a better insight into the role of these non-ribosomal antimicrobial peptides. The results revealed an increase in the total amount of peptaibols produced during the interactions, as well as some differences in the peptaibol profiles between the confrontational and control tests. Detection of the expression level of the peptaibol synthetase tex1 by qRT-PCR showed a significant increase in T. asperellum/R. solani interaction in comparison to the control. In conclusion, the interaction with plant pathogens highly influenced the peptaibol production of the examined Trichoderma strains.
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Das S, Ben Haj Salah K, Djibo M, Inguimbert N. Peptaibols as a model for the insertions of chemical modifications. Arch Biochem Biophys 2018; 658:16-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2018.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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6
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Yin XP, Zhu L, Zhou J. Metal-Free Azidation of α-Hydroxy Esters and α-Hydroxy Ketones Using Azidotrimethylsilane. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201701345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ping Yin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes; School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; East China Normal University; 3663 N. Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science; Hubei Engineering University; Xiaogan Hubei 432000 People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes; School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; East China Normal University; 3663 N. Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry; Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai 200032 People's Republic of China
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Castro TG, Micaêlo NM, Melle-Franco M. Modeling the secondary structures of the peptaibols antiamoebin I and zervamicin II modified with D-amino acids and proline analogues. J Mol Model 2017; 23:313. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-017-3479-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Ben Haj Salah K, Legrand B, Das S, Martinez J, Inguimbert N. Straightforward strategy to substitute amide bonds by 1,2,3-triazoles in peptaibols analogs using Aibψ[Tz]-Xaa dipeptides. Biopolymers 2016; 104:611-21. [PMID: 25784277 DOI: 10.1002/bip.22641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Revised: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Structured peptides gained more attention over a decade because of their biological properties, biocompatibility and ability to act as modulators of protein/protein interactions, antibiotics, analgesics, immunosuppressants or as imaging agents to cite a few relevant applications. However, their poor bioavalability due in part to the susceptibility of the peptide bond to proteolytic cleavages often impaired their development and considerably limited their therapeutic use. To circumvent these problems, many efforts are undertaken to discover stable amide bond mimics resistant to proteolytic degradation. Among them the 1,2,3-triazole emerged as a highly stable analogue of the trans-peptide bond to generate bioactive peptides. Here we report a convenient approach to readily substitute amide bonds by triazole rings in Aib-containing peptides using Aibψ[Tz]-Xaa dipeptide-like units. We defined their application in solid phase synthesis and generated short model peptide sequences to study the impact of the triazole incorporation on their conformations in solution by circular dichroism and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khoubaib Ben Haj Salah
- Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, Centre de Recherche Insulaire et Observatoire de l'Environnement (CRIOBE), USR CNRS 3278, centre de phytopharmacie, bâtiment T, 58 avenue P. Alduy, 66860, Perpignan, France
| | - Baptiste Legrand
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247 CNRS, Université de Montpellier, 15 avenue Charles Flahault, BP 14491, 34093, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Sanjit Das
- Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, Centre de Recherche Insulaire et Observatoire de l'Environnement (CRIOBE), USR CNRS 3278, centre de phytopharmacie, bâtiment T, 58 avenue P. Alduy, 66860, Perpignan, France
| | - Jean Martinez
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247 CNRS, Université de Montpellier, 15 avenue Charles Flahault, BP 14491, 34093, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Nicolas Inguimbert
- Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, Centre de Recherche Insulaire et Observatoire de l'Environnement (CRIOBE), USR CNRS 3278, centre de phytopharmacie, bâtiment T, 58 avenue P. Alduy, 66860, Perpignan, France
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Peptaibolin analogues by incorporation of α,α-dialkylglycines: synthesis and study of their membrane permeating ability. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.12.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Castro TG, Micaêlo NM. Conformational and thermodynamic properties of non-canonical α,α-dialkyl glycines in the peptaibol Alamethicin: molecular dynamics studies. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:9861-70. [PMID: 25091499 DOI: 10.1021/jp505400q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we investigate the structure, dynamic and thermodynamic properties of noncanonical disubstituted amino acids (α,α-dialkyl glycines), also known as non-natural amino acids, in the peptaibol Alamethicin. The amino acids under study are Aib (α-amino isobutyric acid or α-methyl alanine), Deg (α,α-diethyl glycine), Dpg (α,α-dipropyl glycine), Dibg (α,α-di-isobutyl glycine), Dhg (α,α-dihexyl glycine), DΦg (α,α-diphenyl glycine), Dbzg (α,α-dibenzyl glycine), Ac6c (α,α-cyclohexyl glycine), and Dmg (α,α-dihydroxymethyl glycine). It is hypothesized that these amino acids are able to induce well-defined secondary structure in peptidomimetics. To test this hypothesis, new peptidomimetics of Alamethicin were constructed by replacing the native Aib positions of Alamethicin by one or more new α,α-dialkyl glycines. Dhg and Ac6c demonstrated the capacity to induce well-defined α-helical structures. Dhg and Ac6c also promote the thermodynamic stabilization of these peptides in a POPC model membrane and are better alternatives to the Aib in Alamethicin. These noncanonical amino acids also improved secondary structure properties, revealing preorganization in water and maintenance of α helical structure in POPC. We show that it is possible to optimize the helicity and thermodynamic properties of native Alamethicin, and we suggest that these amino acids could be incorporated in other peptides with similar structural effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarsila G Castro
- Departamento de Química, Escola de Ciências, Universidade do Minho , Largo do Paço, Braga 4704-553, Portugal
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The cooperative behaviour of antimicrobial peptides in model membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2014; 1838:2870-81. [PMID: 25046254 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2014.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Revised: 06/27/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
A systematic analysis of the hypothesis of the antimicrobial peptides' (AMPs) cooperative action is performed by means of full atomistic molecular dynamics simulations accompanied by circular dichroism experiments. Several AMPs from the aurein family (2.5,2.6, 3.1), have a similar sequence in the first ten amino acids, are investigated in different environments including aqueous solution, trifluoroethanol (TFE), palmitoyloleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (POPE), and palmitoyloleoylphosphatidylglycerol (POPG) lipid bilayers. It is found that the cooperative effect is stronger in aqueous solution and weaker in TFE. Moreover, in the presence of membranes, the cooperative effect plays an important role in the peptide/lipid bilayer interaction. The action of AMPs is a competition of the hydrophobic interactions between the side chains of the peptides and the hydrophobic region of lipid molecules, as well as the intra peptide interaction. The aureins 2.5-COOH and 2.6-COOH form a hydrophobic aggregate to minimize the interaction between the hydrophobic group and the water. Once that the peptides reach the water/lipid interface the hydrophobic aggregate becomes smaller and the peptides start to penetrate into the membrane. In contrast, aurein 3.1-COOH forms only a transient aggregate which disintegrates once the peptides reached the membrane, and it shows no cooperativity in membrane penetration.
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