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Vadhel S, Jani T, Shastri A, Pothodichackra V, Vinodkumar M. Electronic Excitations and Low-Energy Electron-Induced Scattering Studies of Acrylonitrile (CH 2CHCN). J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:8136-8155. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c05186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sagar Vadhel
- V.P. & R.P.T.P. Science College, Vallabh Vidyanagar 388120, Gujarat, India
| | - Tejas Jani
- V.P. & R.P.T.P. Science College, Vallabh Vidyanagar 388120, Gujarat, India
| | - Aparna Shastri
- Atomic and Molecular Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400085, India
| | | | - Minaxi Vinodkumar
- V.P. & R.P.T.P. Science College, Vallabh Vidyanagar 388120, Gujarat, India
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2
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Lukianova MA, Feldman VI. Radiation-induced closure of the second aromatic ring: Possible way to PAH starting from a styrene-acetylene complex. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2021.109847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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3
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Volosatova AD, Lukianova MA, Zasimov PV, Feldman VI. Direct evidence for a radiation-induced synthesis of acetonitrile and isoacetonitrile from a 1 : 1 CH 4HCN complex at cryogenic temperatures: is it a missing link between inorganic and prebiotic astrochemistry? Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:18449-18460. [PMID: 34612385 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp01598b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Nitriles are important constituents of extraterrestrial media. Nitriles are supposed to play a crucial role in prebiotic chemistry occurring in the interstellar medium. In this work, we have investigated the low-temperature radiation-induced transformations of a 1 : 1 CH4HCN complex as a plausible precursor of the simplest nitriles using the matrix isolation approach with FTIR spectroscopic detection. The parent complexes isolated in a noble gas (Ng) matrix were obtained by deposition of the CH4/HCN/Ng gaseous mixture and characterized by comparison of experimental complexation-induced shifts of the HCN fundamentals with the results of the ab initio calculations. It was found that the X-ray irradiation of low-temperature matrices containing the isolated 1 : 1 CH4HCN complex resulted in the formation of acetonitrile (CH3CN) and isoacetonitrile (CH3NC) and it appears to be the first experimental evidence for the formation of C2 nitriles (acetonitrile and isoacetonitrile) from such a "building block". Additionally, a 1 : 1 CH4HNC complex was tentatively assigned to the irradiated Ar and Kr matrices. It is demonstrated that the matrix has a strong effect on the CH3CN/CH3NC yield ratio, which dramatically increases in the row Ar < Kr < Xe. Also, the efficiency of the radiation-induced formation of the CH4HNC complex was shown to decrease from Ar to Kr. It is believed that the proposed pathway for acetonitrile formation may be a significant step in the radiation-induced evolution leading to complex organic molecules and biomolecules under astrochemical conditions. Furthermore, the obtained results provide a prominent example of the impact of very weak intermolecular interactions on the radiation-induced transformations in cold media.
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4
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Reva I, Jesus AJL, Nunes CM, Roque JPL, Fausto R. UV-Induced Photochemistry of 1,3-Benzoxazole, 2-Isocyanophenol, and 2-Cyanophenol Isolated in Low-Temperature Ar Matrixes. J Org Chem 2021; 86:6126-6137. [PMID: 33872502 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The monomers of 1,3-benzoxazole isolated in a cryogenic argon matrix were characterized by infrared spectroscopy. The photochemistry of matrix-isolated 1,3-benzoxazole, induced by excitation with a frequency-tunable narrowband UV light, was investigated. Irradiation at 233 nm resulted in a nearly quantitative conversion of 1,3-benzoxazole into 2-isocyanophenol. The individual photochemical behavior of the in situ produced 2-isocyanophenol was studied upon excitations at 290 nm, where 1,3-benzoxazole does not react. The photochemistry of isomeric matrix-isolated 2-cyanophenol was also studied. The photoreactions of 2-substituted (cyano- or isocyano-) phenols were found to have many similarities: (i) OH bond cleavage, yielding a 2-substituted (cyano- or isocyano-) phenoxyl radical and an H-atom, (ii) recombination of the detached H-atom, resulting in an oxo tautomer, and (iii) decomposition leading to fulvenone, together with HCN and HNC. In another photoprocess, 2-cyanophenol undergoes a [1,5] H-shift from the hydroxyl group to the cyano group yielding isomeric ketenimine. The analogous [1,5] H-shift from the hydroxyl group to the isocyano group must have also occurred in 2-isocyanophenol; however, the resulting nitrile ylide isomer is kinetically unstable and collapses to benzoxazole. All photoproducts were characterized by comparing their observed infrared spectra with those computed at the B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) level. The mechanistic analysis of the photochemistry occurring in the family of the title compounds is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Reva
- University of Coimbra, CQC, Department of Chemistry, Coimbra 3004-535, Portugal.,University of Coimbra, CIEPQPF, Department of Chemical Engineering, Coimbra 3030-790, Portugal
| | - A J Lopes Jesus
- University of Coimbra, CQC, Faculty of Pharmacy, Coimbra 3004-295, Portugal
| | - Cláudio M Nunes
- University of Coimbra, CQC, Department of Chemistry, Coimbra 3004-535, Portugal
| | - José P L Roque
- University of Coimbra, CQC, Department of Chemistry, Coimbra 3004-535, Portugal
| | - Rui Fausto
- University of Coimbra, CQC, Department of Chemistry, Coimbra 3004-535, Portugal
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Lukianova MA, Volosatova AD, Drabkin VD, Sosulin IS, Kameneva SV, Feldman VI. Radiation-induced transformations of HCN⋯C2H2, HCN⋯C2H4 and HCN⋯C2H6 complexes in noble gas matrices: Synthesis of C3HxN molecules in cryogenic media. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2020.109232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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6
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Röder A, de Oliveira N, Grollau F, Mestdagh JM, Gaveau MA, Briant M. Vacuum-Ultraviolet Absorption Spectrum of 3-Methoxyacrylonitrile. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:9470-9477. [PMID: 33131274 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c08974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The high-resolution absorption spectrum of 3-methoxyacrylonitrile (3MAN) was measured between 5.27 and 12.59 eV using a synchrotron-based Fourier-transform spectrometer. It was related to an absolute absorption cross-section scale. Complementary calculations at the DFT-MRCI/aug-cc-pVTZ level of theory document the vertical transition energies and oscillator strengths toward the first 19 states of both the E and Z geometrical isomers of 3MAN. Comparisons with the experimental absorption spectrum reveal the similarities and differences between 3MAN, a bifunctional molecule, with acrylonitrile and methylvinylether, where only one functional group is present. As in acrylonitrile, several broad valence transitions were observed up to the ionization limit. They are likely associated with the extended π-system induced by the nitrile group but might also involve σσ* transitions close to the ionization limit. As in methylvinylether, Rydberg series converging to the ionization limit are absent. This is attributed to a difference in neutral and cationic geometry due to a 60° rotation of the methyl group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Röder
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada.,Joint Centre for Extreme Photonics, National Research Council and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Nelson de Oliveira
- Synchrotron Soleil, Orme des Merisiers, St Aubin BP48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Floriane Grollau
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, LIDYL, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | - Marc-André Gaveau
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, LIDYL, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Marc Briant
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, LIDYL, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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7
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Custer T, Szczepaniak U, Gronowski M, Piétri N, Couturier-Tamburelli I, Guillemin JC, Turowski M, Kołos R. Isomerization of cyanopropyne in solid argon. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:13668-13678. [PMID: 31190036 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp06739b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cyanopropyne, CH3-C[triple bond, length as m-dash]C-CN, is a simple molecule whose photochemistry is still unexplored. Here we investigate the UV photolysis of this astrophysically significant nitrile trapped in solid argon. The FTIR study was assisted with 15N-isotopic substitution data and with DFT-level computations including the analyses of ground- and excited-state potential energy surfaces. Cyanopropyne was found to decay mainly via a two-step isomerization process. Infrared absorption spectra evolved to show signals from allenyl cyanide, CH2[double bond, length as m-dash]C[double bond, length as m-dash]CH-CN, which then further convert into propargyl cyanide, H-C[triple bond, length as m-dash]C-CH2-CN. Some evidence for the presence of allenyl isocyanide, propargyl isocyanide, 3-cyanocyclopropene, and 1,2,3-butatrien-1-imine under particular experimental conditions was also observed. Although cyano/isocyano interconversion has been observed during photolysis of other closely related species in solid argon matrices, including H-C[triple bond, length as m-dash]C-CN, no evidence could be found for production of 1-isocyano-1-propyne, CH3-C[triple bond, length as m-dash]C-NC for these experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Custer
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.
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8
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Kameneva SV, Tyurin DA, Feldman VI. Characterization of the HCNCO complex and its radiation-induced transformation to HNCCO in cold media: an experimental and theoretical investigation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 19:24348-24356. [PMID: 28849816 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp03518g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The HCNCO complex and its X-ray induced transformation to HNCCO in solid noble gas (Ng) matrices (Ng = Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe) was first characterized by matrix isolation FTIR spectroscopy at 5 K. The HCNCO complex was obtained by deposition of HCN/CO/Ng gaseous mixtures. The assignment was based on extensive quantum chemical calculations at the CCSD(T) level of theory. The calculations predicted two computationally stable structures for HCNCO and three stable structures for HNCCO. However, only the most energetically favorable linear structures corresponding to the co-ordination between the H atom of HCN (HNC) and the C atom of CO have been found experimentally. The HCNCO complex demonstrates a considerable red shift of the H-C stretching vibrations (-24 to -38 cm-1, depending on the matrix) and a blue shift of the HCN bending vibrations (+29 to +32 cm-1) with respect to that of the HCN monomer, while the C[double bond, length as m-dash]O stretching mode is blue-shifted by 15 to 20 cm-1 as compared to the CO monomer. The HNCCO complex reveals a strong red shift of the H-N bending (-77 to -118 cm-1) and a strong blue shift of the HNC bending mode (ca. +100 cm-1) as compared to the HNC monomer, whereas the C[double bond, length as m-dash]O stretching is blue-shifted by 24 to 29 cm-1 with respect to that of the CO monomer. The interaction energies were determined to be 1.01 and 1.87 kcal mol-1 for HCNCO and HNCCO, respectively. It was found that the formation of complexes with CO had a remarkable effect on the radiation-induced transformations of HCN. While the dissociation of HCN to H and CN is suppressed in complexes, the isomerization of HCN to HNC is strongly catalyzed by the complexation with CO. The astrochemical implications of the results are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana V Kameneva
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
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Su MD. Photochemical isomerization reactions of acrylonitrile. A mechanistic study. RSC Adv 2018; 8:5647-5651. [PMID: 35539595 PMCID: PMC9078173 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra12614j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms for the photochemical isomerization reactions are determined theoretically using the acrylonitrile model molecule. The CASSCF (twelve-electron/eleven-orbital active space) and MP2-CAS methods are respectively used with the 6-311G(d,p) and 6-311++G(3df,3pd) basis sets. The structure of the conical intersection that plays a prominent role in the photoisomerization of acrylonitrile is obtained. The intermediates and the transition structures of the ground states are also calculated, to allow a qualitative explanation of the reaction pathways. These model studies suggest that the preferred reaction route is: acrylonitrile → Franck–Condon region → conical intersection → isoacrylonitrile → transition state → intermediate complex → transition state → cyanoacetylene. The theoretical evidence suggests that conical intersections found in this paper can give a better understanding of the photochemical reactions of acrylonitrile and support the experimental observations. The computational findings indicate that conical intersection plays a central role in understanding the photochemical behaviors of acrylonitrile.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Der Su
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- National Chiayi University
- Chiayi 60004
- Taiwan
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry
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10
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Kameneva SV, Tyurin DA, Nuzhdin KB, Feldman VI. Matrix isolation andab initiostudy on HCN/CO2system and its radiation-induced transformations: Spectroscopic evidence for HCN⋯CO2andtrans-HCNH⋯CO2complexes. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:214309. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4969075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana V. Kameneva
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Daniil A. Tyurin
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Kirill B. Nuzhdin
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir I. Feldman
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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11
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Adamson A, Kaljurand I, Guillemin JC, Burk P. Relative stability and proton transfer reactions of unsaturated isocyanides and cyanides. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.3562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aiko Adamson
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Tartu; 14a Ravila St. 50411 Estonia
| | - Ivari Kaljurand
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Tartu; 14a Ravila St. 50411 Estonia
| | - Jean-Claude Guillemin
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes; Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, UMR 6226; 11 Allée de Beaulieu CS 50837, 35708 Rennes Cedex 7 France
| | - Peeter Burk
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Tartu; 14a Ravila St. 50411 Estonia
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Wilhelm MJ, Smith JM, Dai HL. Spectral reconstruction analysis for enhancing signal-to-noise in time-resolved spectroscopies. J Chem Phys 2015; 143:124204. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4931581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Wilhelm
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, 1901 N. 13th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Jonathan M. Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, 1901 N. 13th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Hai-Lung Dai
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, 1901 N. 13th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
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Toumi A, Piétri N, Couturier-Tamburelli I. Infrared study of matrix-isolated ethyl cyanide: simulation of the photochemistry in the atmosphere of Titan. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:30352-63. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp03616j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Low-temperature Ar matrix isolation has been carried out to investigate the infrared spectrum of ethyl cyanide (CH3CH2CN), a molecule present in the atmosphere of Titan.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Toumi
- Aix-Marseille Université
- CNRS
- PIIM
- UMR 7345
- 13397 Marseille
| | - N. Piétri
- Aix-Marseille Université
- CNRS
- PIIM
- UMR 7345
- 13397 Marseille
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Benidar A, Bégué D, Richter F, Pouchan C, Lahcini M, Guillemin JC. Gas-Phase Infrared Spectra of Three Compounds of Astrochemical Interest: Vinyl, Allenyl, and Propargyl Isocyanides. Chemphyschem 2014; 16:848-54. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201402712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Revised: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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