1
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Grimm S, Baik SJ, Hemberger P, Bodi A, Kempf AM, Kasper T, Atakan B. Gas-phase aluminium acetylacetonate decomposition: revision of the current mechanism by VUV synchrotron radiation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:15059-15075. [PMID: 34231583 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp00720c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Although aluminium acetylacetonate, Al(C5H7O2)3, is a common precursor for chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of aluminium oxide, its gas-phase decomposition is not well-known. Here, we studied its thermal decomposition in a microreactor by double imaging photoelectron photoion coincidence spectroscopy (i2PEPICO) between 325 and 1273 K. The reactor flow field was characterized by CFD. Quantum chemical calculations were used for the assignment of certain species. The dissociative ionization of the room temperature precursor molecule starts at a photon energy of 8.5 eV by the rupture of the bond to an acetylacetonate ligand leading to the formation of the Al(C5H7O2)2+ ion. In pyrolysis experiments, up to 49 species were detected and identified in the gas-phase, including reactive intermediates and isomeric/isobaric hydrocarbons, oxygenated species as well as aluminium containing molecules. We detected aluminium bis(diketo)acetylacetonate-H, Al(C5H7O2)C5H6O2, at m/z 224 together with acetylacetone (C5H8O2) as the major initial products formed at temperatures above 600 K. A second decomposition channel affords Al(OH)2(C5H7O2) along with the formation of a substituted pentalene ring species (C10H12O2) as assigned by Franck-Condon simulations and quantum chemical calculations. Acetylallene (C5H6O), acetone (C3H6O) and ketene (C2H2O) were major secondary decomposition products, formed upon decomposition of the primary products. Three gas-phase aromatic hydrocarbons were also detected and partially assigned for the first time: m/z 210, m/z 186 (C14H18 or C12H10O2) and m/z 146 (C11H14 or C9H6O2) and their formation mechanism is discussed. Finally, Arrhenius parameters are presented on the gas-phase decomposition kinetics of Al(C5H7O2)3, aided by numerical simulation of the flow field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Grimm
- University of Duisburg-Essen, Institute of Combustion and Gas Dynamics, Chair of Thermodynamics, Duisburg 47057, Germany. and Center for NanoIntegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), Duisburg 47057, Germany
| | - Seung-Jin Baik
- Center for NanoIntegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), Duisburg 47057, Germany and University of Duisburg-Essen, Institute of Combustion and Gas Dynamics, Chair of Fluid Dynamics, Duisburg 47057, Germany
| | - Patrick Hemberger
- Laboratory for Synchrotron Radiation and Femtochemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - Andras Bodi
- Laboratory for Synchrotron Radiation and Femtochemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - Andreas M Kempf
- Center for NanoIntegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), Duisburg 47057, Germany and University of Duisburg-Essen, Institute of Combustion and Gas Dynamics, Chair of Fluid Dynamics, Duisburg 47057, Germany
| | - Tina Kasper
- Center for NanoIntegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), Duisburg 47057, Germany and University of Duisburg-Essen, Institute of Combustion and Gas Dynamics, Chair of Mass Spectrometry of Reactive Fluids, Duisburg 47057, Germany
| | - Burak Atakan
- University of Duisburg-Essen, Institute of Combustion and Gas Dynamics, Chair of Thermodynamics, Duisburg 47057, Germany. and Center for NanoIntegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), Duisburg 47057, Germany
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2
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Gerlach M, Bodi A, Hemberger P. Metamorphic meta isomer: carbon dioxide and ketenes are formed via retro-Diels–Alder reactions in the decomposition of meta-benzenediol. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:19480-19487. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp03519b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Deoxygenation of the lignin model compound resorcinol was investigated using VUV synchrotron radiation: Formation of two reactive ketenes and decarboxylation are the dominating pathways, much different from the other two benzenediol isomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Gerlach
- Laboratory for Synchrotron Radiation and Femtochemistry
- Paul Scherrer Institute
- CH-5234 Villigen PSI
- Switzerland
| | - Andras Bodi
- Laboratory for Synchrotron Radiation and Femtochemistry
- Paul Scherrer Institute
- CH-5234 Villigen PSI
- Switzerland
| | - Patrick Hemberger
- Laboratory for Synchrotron Radiation and Femtochemistry
- Paul Scherrer Institute
- CH-5234 Villigen PSI
- Switzerland
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3
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Nowakowska M, Herbinet O, Dufour A, Glaude PA. Kinetic Study of the Pyrolysis and Oxidation of Guaiacol. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:7894-7909. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b06301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Nowakowska
- Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés, CNRS, Université de Lorraine, 1 rue Grandville BP 20451, Nancy 54001 Cedex, France
| | - O. Herbinet
- Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés, CNRS, Université de Lorraine, 1 rue Grandville BP 20451, Nancy 54001 Cedex, France
| | - A. Dufour
- Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés, CNRS, Université de Lorraine, 1 rue Grandville BP 20451, Nancy 54001 Cedex, France
| | - P. A. Glaude
- Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés, CNRS, Université de Lorraine, 1 rue Grandville BP 20451, Nancy 54001 Cedex, France
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4
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Williams PE, Marshall DL, Poad BLJ, Narreddula VR, Kirk BB, Trevitt AJ, Blanksby SJ. Comparing Positively and Negatively Charged Distonic Radical Ions in Phenylperoxyl Forming Reactions. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2018; 29:1848-1860. [PMID: 29869328 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-018-1988-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In the gas phase, arylperoxyl forming reactions play a significant role in low-temperature combustion and atmospheric processing of volatile organic compounds. We have previously demonstrated the application of charge-tagged phenyl radicals to explore the outcomes of these reactions using ion trap mass spectrometry. Here, we present a side-by-side comparison of rates and product distributions from the reaction of positively and negatively charge tagged phenyl radicals with dioxygen. The negatively charged distonic radical ions are found to react with significantly greater efficiency than their positively charged analogues. The product distributions of the anion reactions favor products of phenylperoxyl radical decomposition (e.g., phenoxyl radicals and cyclopentadienone), while the comparable fixed-charge cations yield the stabilized phenylperoxyl radical. Electronic structure calculations rationalize these differences as arising from the influence of the charged moiety on the energetics of rate-determining transition states and reaction intermediates within the phenylperoxyl reaction manifold and predict that this influence could extend to intra-molecular charge-radical separations of up to 14.5 Å. Experimental observations of reactions of the novel 4-(1-carboxylatoadamantyl)phenyl radical anion confirm that the influence of the charge on both rate and product distribution can be modulated by increasing the rigidly imposed separation between charge and radical sites. These findings provide a generalizable framework for predicting the influence of charged groups on polarizable radicals in gas phase distonic radical ions. Graphical Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peggy E Williams
- Central Analytical Research Facility, Institute for Future Environments, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Failure and Materials Analysis Branch, Flight Systems Division, Naval Surface Warfare Center Crane, Crane, IN, USA
| | - David L Marshall
- Central Analytical Research Facility, Institute for Future Environments, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Berwyck L J Poad
- Central Analytical Research Facility, Institute for Future Environments, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Venkateswara R Narreddula
- Central Analytical Research Facility, Institute for Future Environments, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Benjamin B Kirk
- School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Adam J Trevitt
- School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Stephen J Blanksby
- Central Analytical Research Facility, Institute for Future Environments, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
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5
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Ormond TK, Baraban JH, Porterfield JP, Scheer AM, Hemberger P, Troy TP, Ahmed M, Nimlos MR, Robichaud DJ, Daily JW, Ellison GB. Thermal Decompositions of the Lignin Model Compounds: Salicylaldehyde and Catechol. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:5911-5924. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b03201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas K. Ormond
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, United States
| | - Joshua H. Baraban
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, United States
| | - Jessica P. Porterfield
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, United States
| | - Adam M. Scheer
- Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratory, PO Box 969, Livermore, California 94551-0969, United States
| | - Patrick Hemberger
- Laboratory for Femtochemistry and Synchrotron Radiation, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5234 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - Tyler P. Troy
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratories, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Musahid Ahmed
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratories, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Mark R. Nimlos
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - David J. Robichaud
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - John W. Daily
- Center for Combustion and Environmental Research, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0427, United States
| | - G. Barney Ellison
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, United States
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6
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Couch DE, Buckingham GT, Baraban JH, Porterfield JP, Wooldridge LA, Ellison GB, Kapteyn HC, Murnane MM, Peters WK. Tabletop Femtosecond VUV Photoionization and PEPICO Detection of Microreactor Pyrolysis Products. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:5280-5289. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b02821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David E. Couch
- JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Grant T. Buckingham
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Joshua H. Baraban
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | | | - Laura A. Wooldridge
- JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - G. Barney Ellison
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Henry C. Kapteyn
- JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Margaret M. Murnane
- JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - William K. Peters
- JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
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7
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Porterfield JP, Bross DH, Ruscic B, Thorpe JH, Nguyen TL, Baraban JH, Stanton JF, Daily JW, Ellison GB. Thermal Decomposition of Potential Ester Biofuels. Part I: Methyl Acetate and Methyl Butanoate. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:4658-4677. [PMID: 28517940 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b02639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Two methyl esters were examined as models for the pyrolysis of biofuels. Dilute samples (0.06-0.13%) of methyl acetate (CH3COOCH3) and methyl butanoate (CH3CH2CH2COOCH3) were entrained in (He, Ar) carrier gas and decomposed in a set of flash-pyrolysis microreactors. The pyrolysis products resulting from the methyl esters were detected and identified by vacuum ultraviolet photoionization mass spectrometry. Complementary product identification was provided by matrix infrared absorption spectroscopy. Pyrolysis pressures in the pulsed microreactor were about 20 Torr and residence times through the reactors were roughly 25-150 μs. Reactor temperatures of 300-1600 K were explored. Decomposition of CH3COOCH3 commences at 1000 K, and the initial products are (CH2═C═O and CH3OH). As the microreactor is heated to 1300 K, a mixture of CH2═C═O and CH3OH, CH3, CH2═O, H, CO, and CO2 appears. The thermal cracking of CH3CH2CH2COOCH3 begins at 800 K with the formation of CH3CH2CH═C═O and CH3OH. By 1300 K, the pyrolysis of methyl butanoate yields a complex mixture of CH3CH2CH═C═O, CH3OH, CH3, CH2═O, CO, CO2, CH3CH═CH2, CH2CHCH2, CH2═C═CH2, HCCCH2, CH2═C═C═O, CH2═CH2, HC≡CH, and CH2═C═O. On the basis of the results from the thermal cracking of methyl acetate and methyl butanoate, we predict several important decomposition channels for the pyrolysis of fatty acid methyl esters, R-CH2-COOCH3. The lowest-energy fragmentation will be a 4-center elimination of methanol to form the ketene RCH═C═O. At higher temperatures, concerted fragmentation to radicals will ensue to produce a mixture of species: (RCH2 + CO2 + CH3) and (RCH2 + CO + CH2═O + H). Thermal cracking of the β C-C bond of the methyl ester will generate the radicals (R and H) as well as CH2═C═O + CH2═O. The thermochemistry of methyl acetate and its fragmentation products were obtained via the Active Thermochemical Tables (ATcT) approach, resulting in ΔfH298(CH3COOCH3) = -98.7 ± 0.2 kcal mol-1, ΔfH298(CH3CO2) = -45.7 ± 0.3 kcal mol-1, and ΔfH298(COOCH3) = -38.3 ± 0.4 kcal mol-1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David H Bross
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Branko Ruscic
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States.,Computation Institute, The University of Chicago , Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - James H Thorpe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas , Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Thanh Lam Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas , Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | | | - John F Stanton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas , Austin, Texas 78712, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
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8
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Kostko O, Bandyopadhyay B, Ahmed M. Vacuum Ultraviolet Photoionization of Complex Chemical Systems. Annu Rev Phys Chem 2016; 67:19-40. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physchem-040215-112553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Kostko
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720;
| | - Biswajit Bandyopadhyay
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720;
| | - Musahid Ahmed
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720;
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9
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Porterfield JP, Baraban JH, Troy TP, Ahmed M, McCarthy MC, Morgan KM, Daily JW, Nguyen TL, Stanton JF, Ellison GB. Pyrolysis of the Simplest Carbohydrate, Glycolaldehyde (CHO−CH2OH), and Glyoxal in a Heated Microreactor. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:2161-72. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b00652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tyler P. Troy
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratories, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Musahid Ahmed
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratories, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Michael C. McCarthy
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Kathleen M. Morgan
- Department
of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, Louisiana 70125-1098, United States
| | | | - Thanh Lam Nguyen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - John F. Stanton
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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10
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Yommee S, Bozzelli JW. Cyclopentadienone Oxidation Reaction Kinetics and Thermochemistry for the Alcohols, Hydroperoxides, and Vinylic, Alkoxy, and Alkylperoxy Radicals. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:433-51. [PMID: 26784854 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b09004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cyclopentadienone has one carbonyl and two olefin groups resulting in 4n + 2 π-electrons in a cyclic five-membered ring structure. Thermochemical and kinetic parameters for the initial reactions of cyclopentadienone radicals with O2 and the thermochemical properties for cyclopentadienone-hydroperoxides, alcohols, and alkenyl, alkoxy, and peroxy radicals were determined by use of computational chemistry. The CBS-QB3 composite and B3LYP density functional theory methods were used to determine the enthalpies of formation (ΔfH°298) using the isodesmic reaction schemes with several work reactions for each species. Entropy and heat capacity, S°(T) and Cp°(T) (50 K ≤ T ≤ 5000 K) are determined using geometric parameters, internal rotor potentials, and frequencies from B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) calculations. Standard enthalpies of formation are reported for parent molecules as cyclopentadienone, cyclopentadienone with alcohol, hydroperoxide substituents, and the cyclopentadienone-yl vinylic, alkoxy, and peroxy radicals corresponding to loss of a hydrogen atom from the carbon and oxygen sites. Entropy and heat capacity vs temperature also are reported for the parent molecules and for radicals. The thermochemical analysis shows The R(•) + O2 well depths are deep, on the order of 50 kcal mol(-1), and the R(•) + O2 reactions to RO + O (chain branching products) for cyclopentadienone-2-yl and cyclopentadienone-3-yl have unusually low reaction (ΔHrxn) enthalpies, some 20 or so kcal/mol below the entrance channels. Chemical activation kinetics using quantum RRK analysis for k(E) and master equation for falloff are used to show that significant chain branching as a function of temperature and pressure can occur when these vinylic radicals are formed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suriyakit Yommee
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology , University Heights, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Joseph W Bozzelli
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology , University Heights, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
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11
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Baraban JH, David DE, Ellison GB, Daily JW. An optically accessible pyrolysis microreactor. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2016; 87:014101. [PMID: 26827331 DOI: 10.1063/1.4939459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We report an optically accessible pyrolysis micro-reactor suitable for in situ laser spectroscopic measurements. A radiative heating design allows for completely unobstructed views of the micro-reactor along two axes. The maximum temperature demonstrated here is only 1300 K (as opposed to 1700 K for the usual SiC micro-reactor) because of the melting point of fused silica, but alternative transparent materials will allow for higher temperatures. Laser induced fluorescence measurements on nitric oxide are presented as a proof of principle for spectroscopic characterization of pyrolysis conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Baraban
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - D E David
- Integrated Instrument Development Facility, CIRES, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0216, USA
| | - G Barney Ellison
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - J W Daily
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
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12
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Prendergast MB, Kirk BB, Savee JD, Osborn DL, Taatjes CA, Masters KS, Blanksby SJ, da Silva G, Trevitt AJ. Formation and stability of gas-phase o-benzoquinone from oxidation of ortho-hydroxyphenyl: a combined neutral and distonic radical study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:4320-32. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp02953h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The o-hydroxyphenyl radical reacts with O2 to form o-benzoquinone + OH and cyclopentadienone is assigned as a secondary product.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - John D. Savee
- Combustion Research Facility
- Sandia National Laboratories
- Livermore
- USA
| | - David L. Osborn
- Combustion Research Facility
- Sandia National Laboratories
- Livermore
- USA
| | - Craig A. Taatjes
- Combustion Research Facility
- Sandia National Laboratories
- Livermore
- USA
| | - Kye-Simeon Masters
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering
- Faculty of Science and Engineering
- Queensland University of Technology
- Brisbane
- Australia
| | - Stephen J. Blanksby
- Central Analytical Research Facility
- Queensland University of Technology
- Brisbane
- Australia
| | - Gabriel da Silva
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- The University of Melbourne
- Melbourne
- Australia
| | - Adam J. Trevitt
- School of Chemistry
- University of Wollongong
- Wollongong
- Australia
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13
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Porterfield JP, Nguyen TL, Baraban JH, Buckingham GT, Troy TP, Kostko O, Ahmed M, Stanton JF, Daily JW, Ellison GB. Isomerization and Fragmentation of Cyclohexanone in a Heated Micro-Reactor. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:12635-47. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b10984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica P. Porterfield
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, United States
| | - Thanh Lam Nguyen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Joshua H. Baraban
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, United States
| | - Grant T. Buckingham
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, United States
| | - Tyler P. Troy
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratories, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Oleg Kostko
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratories, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Musahid Ahmed
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratories, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - John F. Stanton
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - John W. Daily
- Center
for Combustion and Environmental Research, Department of Mechanical
Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0427, United States
| | - G. Barney Ellison
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, United States
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14
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Urness KN, Guan Q, Troy TP, Ahmed M, Daily JW, Ellison GB, Simmie JM. Pyrolysis Pathways of the Furanic Ether 2-Methoxyfuran. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:9962-77. [PMID: 26351733 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b06779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Substituted furans, including furanic ethers, derived from nonedible biomass have been proposed as second-generation biofuels. In order to use these molecules as fuels, it is important to understand how they break apart thermally. In this work, a series of experiments were conducted to study the unimolecular and low-pressure bimolecular decomposition mechanisms of the smallest furanic ether, 2-methoxyfuran. Electronic structure (CBS-QB3) calculations indicate this substituted furan has an unusually weak O-CH3 bond, approximately 190 kJ mol(-1) (45 kcal mol(-1)); thus, the primary decomposition pathway is through bond scission resulting in CH3 and 2-furanyloxy (O-C4H3O) radicals. Final products from the ring opening of the furanyloxy radical include 2 CO, HC≡CH, and H. The decomposition of methoxyfuran is studied over a range of concentrations (0.0025-0.1%) in helium or argon in a heated silicon carbide (SiC) microtubular flow reactor (0.66-1 mm i.d., 2.5-3.5 cm long) with reactor wall temperatures from 300 to 1300 K. Inlet pressures to the reactor are 150-1500 Torr, and the gas mixture emerges as a skimmed molecular beam at a pressure of approximately 10 μTorr. Products formed at early pyrolysis times (100 μs) are detected by 118.2 nm (10.487 eV) photoionization mass spectrometry (PIMS), tunable synchrotron VUV PIMS, and matrix infrared absorption spectroscopy. Secondary products resulting from H or CH3 addition to the parent and reaction with 2-furanyloxy were also observed and include CH2═CH-CHO, CH3-CH═CH-CHO, CH3-CO-CH═CH2, and furanones; under the conditions in the reactor, we estimate these reactions contribute to at most 1-3% of total methoxyfuran decomposition. This work also includes observation and characterization of an allylic lactone radical, 2-furanyloxy (O-C4H3O), with the assignment of several intense vibrational bands in an Ar matrix, an estimate of the ionization threshold, and photoionization efficiency. A pressure-dependent kinetic mechanism is also developed to model the decomposition behavior of methoxyfuran and provide pathways for the minor bimolecular reaction channels that are observed experimentally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly N Urness
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado , Boulder, Colorado 80309-0427, United States
| | - Qi Guan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado , Boulder, Colorado 80309-0427, United States
| | - Tyler P Troy
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , MS 6R-2100, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Musahid Ahmed
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , MS 6R-2100, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - John W Daily
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado , Boulder, Colorado 80309-0427, United States
| | - G Barney Ellison
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado , Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, United States
| | - John M Simmie
- Combustion Chemistry Centre, School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland , Galway, Ireland
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15
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Zaras AM, Thion S, Dagaut P. Computational Kinetic Study for the Unimolecular Decomposition of Cyclopentanone. INT J CHEM KINET 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.20921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aristotelis M. Zaras
- CNRS-INSIS; Institut de Combustion; Aérothermique, Réactivité et Environnement (ICARE); 45071 Orléans Cedex 2 France
| | - Sebastien Thion
- CNRS-INSIS; Institut de Combustion; Aérothermique, Réactivité et Environnement (ICARE); 45071 Orléans Cedex 2 France
- Université d'Orléans; 45100 Orléans France
| | - Philippe Dagaut
- CNRS-INSIS; Institut de Combustion; Aérothermique, Réactivité et Environnement (ICARE); 45071 Orléans Cedex 2 France
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16
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Buckingham GT, Ormond TK, Porterfield JP, Hemberger P, Kostko O, Ahmed M, Robichaud DJ, Nimlos MR, Daily JW, Ellison GB. The thermal decomposition of the benzyl radical in a heated micro-reactor. I. Experimental findings. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:044307. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4906156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Grant T. Buckingham
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, USA
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80401, USA
| | - Thomas K. Ormond
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, USA
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80401, USA
| | - Jessica P. Porterfield
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, USA
| | - Patrick Hemberger
- Molecular Dynamics Group, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - Oleg Kostko
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratories, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Musahid Ahmed
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratories, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - David J. Robichaud
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80401, USA
| | - Mark R. Nimlos
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80401, USA
| | - John W. Daily
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Center for Combustion and Environmental Research,University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0427, USA
| | - G. Barney Ellison
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, USA
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