1
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Shu Y, Truhlar DG. Generalized Semiclassical Ehrenfest Method: A Route to Wave Function-Free Photochemistry and Nonadiabatic Dynamics with Only Potential Energies and Gradients. J Chem Theory Comput 2024; 20:4396-4426. [PMID: 38819014 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.4c00424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
We reconsider recent methods by which direct dynamics calculations of electronically nonadiabatic processes can be carried out while requiring only adiabatic potential energies and their gradients. We show that these methods can be understood in terms of a new generalization of the well-known semiclassical Ehrenfest method. This is convenient because it eliminates the need to evaluate electronic wave functions and their matrix elements along the mixed quantum-classical trajectories. The new approximations and procedures enabling this advance are the curvature-driven approximation to the time-derivative coupling, the generalized semiclassical Ehrenfest method, and a new gradient correction scheme called the time-derivative matrix (TDM) scheme. When spin-orbit coupling is present, one can carry out dynamics calculations in the fully adiabatic basis using potential energies and gradients calculated without spin-orbit coupling plus the spin-orbit coupling matrix elements. Even when spin-orbit coupling is neglected, the method is useful because it allows calculations by electronic structure methods for which nonadiabatic coupling vectors are unavailable. In order to place the new considerations in context, the article starts out with a review of background material on trajectory surface hopping, the semiclassical Ehrenfest scheme, and methods for incorporating decoherence. We consider both internal conversion and intersystem crossing. We also review several examples from our group of successful applications of the curvature-driven approximation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinan Shu
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Donald G Truhlar
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
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2
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Mannouch JR, Kelly A. Quantum Quality with Classical Cost: Ab Initio Nonadiabatic Dynamics Simulations Using the Mapping Approach to Surface Hopping. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:5814-5823. [PMID: 38781480 PMCID: PMC11163471 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c00535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Nonadiabatic dynamics methods are an essential tool for investigating photochemical processes. In the context of employing first-principles electronic structure techniques, such simulations can be carried out in a practical manner using semiclassical trajectory-based methods or wave packet approaches. While all approaches applicable to first-principles simulations are necessarily approximate, it is commonly thought that wave packet approaches offer inherent advantages over their semiclassical counterparts in terms of accuracy and that this trait simply comes at a higher computational cost. Here we demonstrate that the mapping approach to surface hopping (MASH), a recently introduced trajectory-based nonadiabatic dynamics method, can be efficiently applied in tandem with ab initio electronic structure. Our results even suggest that MASH may provide more accurate results than on-the-fly wave packet techniques, all at a much lower computational cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan R. Mannouch
- Hamburg Center for Ultrafast
Imaging, Universität Hamburg and
the Max Planck Institute
for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Aaron Kelly
- Hamburg Center for Ultrafast
Imaging, Universität Hamburg and
the Max Planck Institute
for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
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3
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Gómez S, Spinlove E, Worth G. Benchmarking non-adiabatic quantum dynamics using the molecular Tully models. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:1829-1844. [PMID: 38170796 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp03964a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
On-the-fly non-adiabatic dynamics methods are becoming more important as tools to characterise the time evolution of a system after absorbing light. These methods, which calculate quantities such as state energies, gradients and interstate couplings at every time step, circumvent the requirement for pre-computed potential energy surfaces. There are a number of different algorithms used, the most common being Tully Surface Hopping (TSH), but all are approximate solutions to the time-dependent Schrödinger equation and benchmarking is required to understand their accuracy and performance. For this, a common set of systems and observables are required to compare them. In this work, we validate the on-the-fly direct dynamics variational multi-configuration Gaussian (DD-vMCG) method using three molecular systems recently suggested by Ibele and Curchod as molecular versions of the Tully model systems used to test one-dimensional non-adiabatic behaviour [Ibele et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2020, 22, 15183-15196]. Parametrised linear vibronic potential energy surfaces for each of the systems were also tested and compared to on-the-fly results. The molecules, which we term the Ibele-Curchod models, are ethene, DMABN and fulvene and the authors used them to test and compare several versions of the Ab Initio Multiple Spawning (AIMS) method alongside TSH. The three systems present different deactivation pathways after excitation to their ππ* bright states. When comparing DD-vMCG to AIMS and TSH, we obtain crucial differences in some cases, for which an explanation is provided by the classical nature and the chosen initial conditions of the TSH simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Gómez
- Departamento de Química Física, Universidad de Salamanca, 37008, Spain
| | - Eryn Spinlove
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Theoretical Chemistry - Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon St, London WC1H 0AJ, UK.
| | - Graham Worth
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon St, London WC1H 0AJ, UK.
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4
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Miyazaki K, Ananth N. Nonadiabatic simulations of photoisomerization and dissociation in ethylene using ab initio classical trajectories. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:124110. [PMID: 38127384 DOI: 10.1063/5.0163371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
We simulate the nonadiabatic dynamics of photo-induced isomerization and dissociation in ethylene using ab initio classical trajectories in an extended phase space of nuclear and electronic variables. This is achieved by employing the linearized semiclassical initial value representation method for nonadiabatic dynamics, where discrete electronic states are mapped to continuous classical variables using either the Meyer-Miller-Stock-Thoss representation or a more recently introduced spin mapping approach. Trajectory initial conditions are sampled by constraining electronic state variables to a single initial excited state and by drawing nuclear phase space configurations from a Wigner distribution at a finite temperature. An ensemble of classical ab initio trajectories is then generated to compute thermal population correlation functions and analyze the mechanisms of isomerization and dissociation. Our results serve as a demonstration that this parameter-free semiclassical approach is computationally efficient and accurate, identifying mechanistic pathways in agreement with previous theoretical studies and also uncovering dissociation pathways observed experimentally.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Miyazaki
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - N Ananth
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
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5
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Lu H, Azizi A, Mi XP, Wenjing Y, Peng Y, Xu T, Früchtl H, van Mourik T, Kirk SR, Jenkins S. Scoring molecular wires subject to an ultrafast laser pulse for molecular electronic devices. J Comput Chem 2023. [PMID: 37133985 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.27126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
A nonionizing ultrafast laser pulse of 20-fs duration with a peak amplitude electric-field ±E = 200 × 10-4 a.u. was simulated. It was applied to the ethene molecule to consider its effect on the electron dynamics, both during the application of the laser pulse and for up to 100 fs after the pulse was switched off. Four laser pulse frequencies ω = 0.2692, 0.2808, 0.2830, and 0.2900 a.u. were chosen to correspond to excitation energies mid-way between the (S1 ,S2 ), (S2 ,S3 ), (S3 ,S4 ) and (S4 ,S5 ) electronic states, respectively. Scalar quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) was used to quantify the shifts of the C1C2 bond critical points (BCPs). Depending on the frequencies ω selected, the C1C2 BCP shifts were up to 5.8 times higher after the pulse was switched off compared with a static E-field with the same magnitude. Next generation QTAIM (NG-QTAIM) was used to visualize and quantify the directional chemical character. In particular, polarization effects and bond strengths, in the form of bond-rigidity vs. bond-flexibility, were found, for some laser pulse frequencies, to increase after the laser pulse was switched off. Our analysis demonstrates that NG-QTAIM, in partnership with ultrafast laser irradiation, is useful as a tool in the emerging field of ultrafast electron dynamics, which will be essential for the design, and control of molecular electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Lu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Key Laboratory of Resource National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petro-chemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Alireza Azizi
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiao Peng Mi
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Key Laboratory of Resource National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petro-chemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yu Wenjing
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Key Laboratory of Resource National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petro-chemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuting Peng
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Key Laboratory of Resource National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petro-chemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Tianlv Xu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Key Laboratory of Resource National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petro-chemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Herbert Früchtl
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Saint Andrews, Fife, Scotland, UK
| | - Tanja van Mourik
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Saint Andrews, Fife, Scotland, UK
| | - Steven R Kirk
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Key Laboratory of Resource National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petro-chemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Samantha Jenkins
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Key Laboratory of Resource National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petro-chemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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6
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Fatková K, Cajzl R, Burda JV. The vertical excitation energies and a lifetime of the two lowest singlet excited states of the conjugated polyenes from C2 to C22: Ab initio, DFT, and semiclassical MNDO-MD simulations. J Comput Chem 2023; 44:777-787. [PMID: 36444915 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.27040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Electronic excited states in the series of polyene molecules were explored. Optimal ground-state geometry was used for the evaluation of vertical excitation energies. Results of a chosen set of functionals were compared to post-HF methods (EOM-CCSD, NEVPT2, CASPT2, and MRCI). In addition, the semiempirical OM2/MNDO method using MRCISD computational level was confronted with the above-mentioned techniques. Despite the fact that the first excited state has a significant double-excitation character some functionals were able to qualitatively determine the correct state order (where the lowest excited state has a A g - character). The most successful functionals in transition energies predictions were PBE, TPSS and BLYP in Tamm-Dancoff approach (TDA), which had the smallest root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) scoring towards the experimental values. Regarding RMSD scoring, the OM2/MNDO method performed fairly well, too. Besides absorption spectra, lifetimes of the first two excited states were estimated based on a stochastic approach exploring a swarm of OM2/MNDO hopping dynamics using the Tully fewest switch algorithm for each molecule. The longest lifetime of the first excited state (S1 ) was found for decapentaene (about 5 ps). Further elongation of the conjugated chain caused a mild decrease of this value to ca 1.5 ps for docosaundecaene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kateřina Fatková
- Department of Chemical Physics and Optics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Radim Cajzl
- Department of Chemical Physics and Optics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav V Burda
- Department of Chemical Physics and Optics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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7
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Conde ÁP, Lamas I, Albaneda MS, Méndez C, Longarte A, Montero R. Tracking ultrafast dynamics by sub-20-fs UV pulses generated in the lab open atmosphere. Chem Phys Lett 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2022.140268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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8
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Vacher M, Boyer A, Loriot V, Lépine F, Nandi S. Few-Femtosecond Isotope Effect in Polyatomic Molecules Ionized by Extreme Ultraviolet Attosecond Pulse Trains. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:5692-5701. [PMID: 35994358 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c03487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Following ionization by an extreme ultraviolet (XUV) attosecond pulse train, a polyatomic molecule can be promoted to more-than-one excited states of the residual ion. The ensuing relaxation dynamics is often facilitated by several reaction coordinates, making them difficult to disentangle by the usual spectroscopic means. Here, we show that in atto-chemistry isotope labeling can be an efficient tool for unraveling the relaxation pathways in highly excited photoionized molecules. Employing an XUV pump pulse and a near-infrared probe pulse, we found the nuclear as well as coupled electron-nuclear dynamics in ethylene to be almost 40% faster compared to that of its deuterated counterpart. The findings, which are supported by advanced nonadiabatic dynamics calculations, led to the identification of the relevant nuclear coordinates controlling the relaxation. Our experiment highlights the relevance of ultrashort XUV pulses to capture the isotopic effect in few-femtosecond molecular photodynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgane Vacher
- Nantes Université, CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, F-44300 Nantes, France
| | - Alexie Boyer
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Vincent Loriot
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Franck Lépine
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Saikat Nandi
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
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9
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Karashima S, Humeniuk A, Glover WJ, Suzuki T. Ultrafast Photoisomerization of Ethylene Studied Using Time-Resolved Extreme Ultraviolet Photoelectron Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:3873-3879. [PMID: 35696296 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c02468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The photoisomerization of isolated ethylene (ethene) was observed in real time from the Franck-Condon region in the 1ππ* state to ground-state products using time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy with extreme ultraviolet (EUV, 21.7 eV) probe pulses. A combination of filamentation four-wave mixing and high-order harmonic generation was employed to obtain a temporal resolution of 31 ± 2 fs. The nuclear wave packet created by a 160 nm pump pulse accesses C═C twisted geometries within 10 fs, and the population transfer from the excited to the ground state occurs within the next 20-30 fs. Formation of vibrationally highly excited ground-state molecules was observed in less than 45 fs, and they decayed with two time constants of 0.87 and >5 ps. The interpretation of the photoelectron spectra is supported by vertical ionization energies calculated using XMS-CASPT2 along geodesically interpolated reaction paths from the Franck-Condon region to the products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shutaro Karashima
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Alexander Humeniuk
- NYU Shanghai, 1555 Century Avenue, Shanghai 200122, China.,NYU-ECNU Center for Computational Chemistry at NYU Shanghai, 3663 Zhongshang Road North, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - William J Glover
- NYU Shanghai, 1555 Century Avenue, Shanghai 200122, China.,NYU-ECNU Center for Computational Chemistry at NYU Shanghai, 3663 Zhongshang Road North, Shanghai 200062, China.,Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Toshinori Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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10
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T. do Casal M, Toldo JM, Pinheiro Jr M, Barbatti M. Fewest switches surface hopping with Baeck-An couplings. OPEN RESEARCH EUROPE 2022; 1:49. [PMID: 37645211 PMCID: PMC10446015 DOI: 10.12688/openreseurope.13624.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
In the Baeck-An (BA) approximation, first-order nonadiabatic coupling vectors are given in terms of adiabatic energy gaps and the second derivative of the gaps with respect to the coupling coordinate. In this paper, a time-dependent (TD) BA approximation is derived, where the couplings are computed from the energy gaps and their second time-derivatives. TD-BA couplings can be directly used in fewest switches surface hopping, enabling nonadiabatic dynamics with any electronic structure methods able to provide excitation energies and energy gradients. Test results of surface hopping with TD-BA couplings for ethylene and fulvene show that the TD-BA approximation delivers a qualitatively correct picture of the dynamics and a semiquantitative agreement with reference data computed with exact couplings. Nevertheless, TD-BA does not perform well in situations conjugating strong couplings and small velocities. Considered the uncertainties in the method, TD-BA couplings could be a competitive approach for inexpensive, exploratory dynamics with a small trajectories ensemble. We also assessed the potential use of TD-BA couplings for surface hopping dynamics with time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT), but the results are not encouraging due to singlet instabilities near the crossing seam with the ground state.
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11
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T. do Casal M, Toldo JM, Pinheiro Jr M, Barbatti M. Fewest switches surface hopping with Baeck-An couplings. OPEN RESEARCH EUROPE 2022; 1:49. [PMID: 37645211 PMCID: PMC10446015 DOI: 10.12688/openreseurope.13624.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
In the Baeck-An (BA) approximation, first-order nonadiabatic coupling vectors are given in terms of adiabatic energy gaps and the second derivative of the gaps with respect to the coupling coordinate. In this paper, a time-dependent (TD) BA approximation is derived, where the couplings are computed from the energy gaps and their second time-derivatives. TD-BA couplings can be directly used in fewest switches surface hopping, enabling nonadiabatic dynamics with any electronic structure methods able to provide excitation energies and energy gradients. Test results of surface hopping with TD-BA couplings for ethylene and fulvene show that the TD-BA approximation delivers a qualitatively correct picture of the dynamics and a semiquantitative agreement with reference data computed with exact couplings. Nevertheless, TD-BA does not perform well in situations conjugating strong couplings and small velocities. Considered the uncertainties in the method, TD-BA couplings could be a competitive approach for inexpensive, exploratory dynamics with a small trajectories ensemble. We also assessed the potential use of TD-BA couplings for surface hopping dynamics with time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT), but the results are not encouraging due to singlet instabilities near the crossing seam with the ground state.
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12
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Barbatti M. Velocity Adjustment in Surface Hopping: Ethylene as a Case Study of the Maximum Error Caused by Direction Choice. J Chem Theory Comput 2021; 17:3010-3018. [PMID: 33844922 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.1c00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The most common surface hopping dynamics algorithms require velocity adjustment after hopping to ensure total-energy conservation. Based on the semiclassical analysis, this adjustment must be made parallel to the nonadiabatic coupling vector's direction. Nevertheless, this direction is not always known, and the common practice has been to adjust the velocity in either the linear momentum or velocity directions. This paper benchmarks surface hopping dynamics of photoexcited ethylene with velocity adjustment in several directions, including those of the nonadiabatic coupling vector, the momentum, and the energy gradient difference. It is shown that differences in time constants and structural evolution fall within the statistical uncertainty of the method considering up to 500 trajectories in each dynamics set, rendering the three approaches statistically equivalent. For larger ensembles beyond 1000 trajectories, significant differences between the results arise, limiting the validity of adjustment in alternative directions. Other possible adjustment directions (velocity, single-state gradients, angular momentum) are evaluated as well. Given the small size of ethylene, the results reported in this paper should be considered an upper limit for the error caused by the choice of the velocity-adjustment direction on surface hopping dynamics.
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13
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Zinchenko KS, Ardana-Lamas F, Seidu I, Neville SP, van der Veen J, Lanfaloni VU, Schuurman MS, Wörner HJ. Sub-7-femtosecond conical-intersection dynamics probed at the carbon K-edge. Science 2021; 371:489-494. [DOI: 10.1126/science.abf1656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Issaka Seidu
- National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Michael S. Schuurman
- National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Hans Jakob Wörner
- Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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14
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Romi S, Fanetti S, Bini R. Accessing the Activation Mechanisms of Ethylene Photo-Polymerization under Pressure by Transient Infrared Absorption Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:8149-8157. [PMID: 32846090 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c06244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The ambient temperature photoinduced polymerization of compressed (P < 1 GPa) fluid ethylene was characterized by transient infrared absorption spectroscopy with a resolution of few nanoseconds, 3 orders of magnitude higher than previously reported. The reaction has been studied under both one- and two-photon excitation evidencing in the latter case its occurrence only in the presence of different transition metal oxides. Their photocatalytic activity is ascribed to the stabilization of the excited biradicals through electron density exchange between the d orbitals of the metal and the π antibonding orbitals of ethylene which lengthens the lifetime of the biradicals. In both one- and two-photon activation cases the polymerization is characterized by an initial step distinguished by a molecularity of 0.15 ± 0.02 identified as the activation step of the reaction lasting, in the one-photon excitation case, a few hundreds of nanoseconds. Using pulsed excitation the reaction evolves toward a free radical polymerization only under one-photon excitation whereas the critical concentration of radicals required to propagate the reaction is never achieved in the two-photon excitation case. Comparison with continuous wave excitation unambiguously identifies in the average power released to the sample the key factor to drive quantitatively and qualitatively the polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiano Romi
- LENS, European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy, Via N. Carrara 1, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Samuele Fanetti
- LENS, European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy, Via N. Carrara 1, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy.,Istituto di Chimica dei Composti OrganoMetallici, ICCOM, Via Madonna del Piano 10, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Roberto Bini
- LENS, European Laboratory for Non-linear Spectroscopy, Via N. Carrara 1, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy.,Istituto di Chimica dei Composti OrganoMetallici, ICCOM, Via Madonna del Piano 10, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy.,Dipartimento di Chimica "Ugo Schiff", Università di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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15
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Yu JK, Bannwarth C, Hohenstein EG, Martínez TJ. Ab Initio Nonadiabatic Molecular Dynamics with Hole–Hole Tamm–Dancoff Approximated Density Functional Theory. J Chem Theory Comput 2020; 16:5499-5511. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.0c00644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jimmy K. Yu
- Biophysics Program, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Christoph Bannwarth
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Edward G. Hohenstein
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Todd J. Martínez
- Biophysics Program, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
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16
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Mališ M, Luber S. Trajectory Surface Hopping Nonadiabatic Molecular Dynamics with Kohn–Sham ΔSCF for Condensed-Phase Systems. J Chem Theory Comput 2020; 16:4071-4086. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.0c00372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Momir Mališ
- University of Zurich, Department of Chemistry, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Luber
- University of Zurich, Department of Chemistry, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
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17
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Weir H, Williams M, Parrish RM, Hohenstein EG, Martínez TJ. Nonadiabatic Dynamics of Photoexcited cis-Stilbene Using Ab Initio Multiple Spawning. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:5476-5487. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c03344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hayley Weir
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Monika Williams
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Robert M. Parrish
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Edward G. Hohenstein
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Todd J. Martínez
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
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18
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Pysanenko A, Gámez F, Fárník M, Chalabala J, Slavíček P. Photochemistry of Amylene Double Bond in Clusters on Free Argon Nanoparticles. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:3038-3047. [PMID: 32240587 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c00860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We have investigated reactivity of double bond in 2-methyl-2-butene (also trimethylethylene or amylene) in the excited and ionized states. In a combined experimental and theoretical study, we focused on both the intermolecular and intramolecular reactions. In a molecular beam experiment, we have sequentially picked up several amylene molecules on the surface of argon nanoparticles ArM, M̅ ≈ 90, acting as a cold support. Ionization with 70 eV electrons yields mass spectra strongly dominated by amylene cluster ions Am(Am)n+. Interestingly, upon multiphoton ionization with 193 nm (6.4 eV) photons, a new strong fragment series appears in the spectra, nominally corresponding to an addition of two carbon atoms, i.e., (Am)nC2+. This difference between electron and photoionization suggests a reaction in an excited state of amylene with a neighboring amylene molecule. We used techniques of nonadiabatic molecular dynamics to study the reactivity of amylene molecules both in the excited and in ionized states. Possible reaction pathways are proposed, substantiating the observed differences between the electron ionization and photoionization mass spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andriy Pysanenko
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Dolejškova 3, 182 23 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Francisco Gámez
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Dolejškova 3, 182 23 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Fárník
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Dolejškova 3, 182 23 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Chalabala
- University of Chemistry and Technology, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Slavíček
- University of Chemistry and Technology, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
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19
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Lischka H, Shepard R, Müller T, Szalay PG, Pitzer RM, Aquino AJA, Araújo do Nascimento MM, Barbatti M, Belcher LT, Blaudeau JP, Borges I, Brozell SR, Carter EA, Das A, Gidofalvi G, González L, Hase WL, Kedziora G, Kertesz M, Kossoski F, Machado FBC, Matsika S, do Monte SA, Nachtigallová D, Nieman R, Oppel M, Parish CA, Plasser F, Spada RFK, Stahlberg EA, Ventura E, Yarkony DR, Zhang Z. The generality of the GUGA MRCI approach in COLUMBUS for treating complex quantum chemistry. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:134110. [PMID: 32268762 DOI: 10.1063/1.5144267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The core part of the program system COLUMBUS allows highly efficient calculations using variational multireference (MR) methods in the framework of configuration interaction with single and double excitations (MR-CISD) and averaged quadratic coupled-cluster calculations (MR-AQCC), based on uncontracted sets of configurations and the graphical unitary group approach (GUGA). The availability of analytic MR-CISD and MR-AQCC energy gradients and analytic nonadiabatic couplings for MR-CISD enables exciting applications including, e.g., investigations of π-conjugated biradicaloid compounds, calculations of multitudes of excited states, development of diabatization procedures, and furnishing the electronic structure information for on-the-fly surface nonadiabatic dynamics. With fully variational uncontracted spin-orbit MRCI, COLUMBUS provides a unique possibility of performing high-level calculations on compounds containing heavy atoms up to lanthanides and actinides. Crucial for carrying out all of these calculations effectively is the availability of an efficient parallel code for the CI step. Configuration spaces of several billion in size now can be treated quite routinely on standard parallel computer clusters. Emerging developments in COLUMBUS, including the all configuration mean energy multiconfiguration self-consistent field method and the graphically contracted function method, promise to allow practically unlimited configuration space dimensions. Spin density based on the GUGA approach, analytic spin-orbit energy gradients, possibilities for local electron correlation MR calculations, development of general interfaces for nonadiabatic dynamics, and MRCI linear vibronic coupling models conclude this overview.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Lischka
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, USA
| | - Ron Shepard
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Thomas Müller
- Institute for Advanced Simulation, Jülich Supercomputing Centre, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich 52428, Germany
| | - Péter G Szalay
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Institute of Chemistry, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Russell M Pitzer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Adelia J A Aquino
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | - Lachlan T Belcher
- Laser and Optics Research Center, Department of Physics, US Air Force Academy, Colorado 80840, USA
| | | | - Itamar Borges
- Departamento de Química, Instituto Militar de Engenharia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 22290-270, Brazil
| | - Scott R Brozell
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Emily A Carter
- Office of the Chancellor and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Box 951405, Los Angeles, California 90095-1405, USA
| | - Anita Das
- Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah, India
| | - Gergely Gidofalvi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Gonzaga University, Spokane, Washington 99258, USA
| | - Leticia González
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - William L Hase
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, USA
| | - Gary Kedziora
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433, USA
| | - Miklos Kertesz
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, 37th and O Streets, NW, Washington, DC 20057-1227, USA
| | | | - Francisco B C Machado
- Departamento de Química, Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica, São José dos Campos 12228-900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Spiridoula Matsika
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, 1901 N. 13th St., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | | | - Dana Nachtigallová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry v.v.i., The Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 160610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Reed Nieman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, USA
| | - Markus Oppel
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Carol A Parish
- Department of Chemistry, Gottwald Center for the Sciences, University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia 23173, USA
| | - Felix Plasser
- Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, United Kingdom
| | - Rene F K Spada
- Departamento de Física, Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica, São José dos Campos 12228-900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eric A Stahlberg
- Biomedical Informatics and Data Science, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland 21702, USA
| | - Elizete Ventura
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 58059-900 João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - David R Yarkony
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Stanford Research Computing Center, Stanford University, 255 Panama Street, Stanford, California 94305, USA
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20
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Shu Y, Zhang L, Mai S, Sun S, González L, Truhlar DG. Implementation of Coherent Switching with Decay of Mixing into the SHARC Program. J Chem Theory Comput 2020; 16:3464-3475. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.0c00112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yinan Shu
- Department of Chemistry and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Linyao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sebastian Mai
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Str. 17, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Shaozeng Sun
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Leticia González
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Str. 17, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Donald G. Truhlar
- Department of Chemistry and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
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21
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Zhou W, Mandal A, Huo P. Quasi-Diabatic Scheme for Nonadiabatic On-the-Fly Simulations. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:7062-7070. [PMID: 31665889 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b02747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
We use the quasi-diabatic (QD) propagation scheme to perform on-the-fly nonadiabatic simulations of the photodynamics of ethylene. The QD scheme enables a seamless interface between accurate diabatic-based quantum dynamics approaches and adiabatic electronic structure calculations, explicitly avoiding any efforts to construct global diabatic states or reformulate the diabatic dynamics approach to the adiabatic representation. Using the partial linearized path-integral approach and the symmetrical quasi-classical approach as the diabatic dynamics methods, the QD propagation scheme enables direct nonadiabatic simulation with complete active space self-consistent field on-the-fly electronic structure calculations. The population dynamics obtained from both approaches are in a close agreement with the quantum wavepacket-based method and outperform the widely used trajectory surface-hopping approach. Further analysis of the ethylene photodeactivation pathways demonstrates the correct predictions of competing processes of nonradiative relaxation mechanism through various conical intersections. This work provides the foundation of using accurate diabatic dynamics approaches and on-the-fly adiabatic electronic structure information to perform ab initio nonadiabatic simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanghuai Zhou
- Advanced Functional Material and Photoelectric Technology Research Institution, School of Science , Hubei University of Automotive Technology , Shiyan , Hubei 442002 , People's Republic of China
- Department of Chemistry , University of Rochester , 120 Trustee Road , Rochester , New York 14627 , United States
| | - Arkajit Mandal
- Department of Chemistry , University of Rochester , 120 Trustee Road , Rochester , New York 14627 , United States
| | - Pengfei Huo
- Department of Chemistry , University of Rochester , 120 Trustee Road , Rochester , New York 14627 , United States
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22
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Gómez S, Ibele LM, González L. The 3s Rydberg state as a doorway state in the ultrafast dynamics of 1,1-difluoroethylene. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:4871-4878. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp07766e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The deactivation dynamics of 1,1-difluoroethylene after light excitation is studied within the surface hopping formalism in the presence of 3s and 3p Rydberg states using multi-state second order perturbation theory (MS-CASPT2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Gómez
- Institute for Theoretical Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- University of Vienna
- 1090 Vienna
- Austria
| | - Lea M. Ibele
- Institute for Theoretical Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- University of Vienna
- 1090 Vienna
- Austria
| | - Leticia González
- Institute for Theoretical Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- University of Vienna
- 1090 Vienna
- Austria
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23
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VUV-induced dynamics of the electronically excited C2D4 molecule in a single-color pump-probe experiment. Chem Phys Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cpletx.2019.100024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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24
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Ashfold MNR, Ingle RA, Karsili TNV, Zhang J. Photoinduced C–H bond fission in prototypical organic molecules and radicals. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:13880-13901. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp07454b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
We survey and assess current knowledge regarding the primary photochemistry of hydrocarbon molecules and radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jingsong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- University of California at Riverside
- Riverside
- USA
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25
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Burger C, Atia-Tul-Noor A, Schnappinger T, Xu H, Rosenberger P, Haram N, Beaulieu S, Légaré F, Alnaser AS, Moshammer R, Sang RT, Bergues B, Schuurman MS, de Vivie-Riedle R, Litvinyuk IV, Kling MF. Time-resolved nuclear dynamics in bound and dissociating acetylene. STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS (MELVILLE, N.Y.) 2018; 5:044302. [PMID: 30175156 PMCID: PMC6102119 DOI: 10.1063/1.5037686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We have investigated nuclear dynamics in bound and dissociating acetylene molecular ions in a time-resolved reaction microscopy experiment with a pair of few-cycle pulses. Vibrating bound acetylene cations or dissociating dications are produced by the first pulse. The second pulse probes the nuclear dynamics by ionization to higher charge states and Coulomb explosion of the molecule. For the bound cations, we observed vibrations in acetylene (HCCH) and its isomer vinylidene (CCHH) along the CC-bond with a periodicity of around 26 fs. For dissociating dication molecules, a clear indication of enhanced ionization is found to occur along the CH- and CC-bonds after 10 fs to 40 fs. The time-dependent ionization processes are simulated using semi-classical on-the-fly dynamics revealing the underling mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A Atia-Tul-Noor
- Centre for Quantum Dynamics and Australian Attosecond Science Facility, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - T Schnappinger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - H Xu
- Centre for Quantum Dynamics and Australian Attosecond Science Facility, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
| | | | - N Haram
- Centre for Quantum Dynamics and Australian Attosecond Science Facility, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
| | | | - F Légaré
- Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Varennes, Quebec J3X 1P7, Canada
| | | | - R Moshammer
- Max Planck Institute of Nuclear Physics, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - R T Sang
- Centre for Quantum Dynamics and Australian Attosecond Science Facility, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
| | | | - M S Schuurman
- National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Dr, Ottawa, Ontario K1A0R6, Canada
| | - R de Vivie-Riedle
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - I V Litvinyuk
- Centre for Quantum Dynamics and Australian Attosecond Science Facility, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
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26
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Time-dependent view of an isotope effect in electron-nuclear nonequilibrium dynamics with applications to N 2. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:5890-5895. [PMID: 29784776 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1804455115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Isotopic fractionation in the photodissociation of N2 could explain the considerable variation in the 14N/15N ratio in different regions of our galaxy. We previously proposed that such an isotope effect is due to coupling of photoexcited bound valence and Rydberg electronic states in the frequency range where there is strong state mixing. We here identify features of the role of the mass in the dynamics through a time-dependent quantum-mechanical simulation. The photoexcitation of N2 is by an ultrashort pulse so that the process has a sharply defined origin in time and so that we can monitor the isolated molecule dynamics in time. An ultrafast pulse is necessarily broad in frequency and spans several excited electronic states. Each excited molecule is therefore not in a given electronic state but in a superposition state. A short time after excitation, there is a fairly sharp onset of a mass-dependent large population transfer when wave packets on two different electronic states in the same molecule overlap. This coherent overlap of the wave packets on different electronic states in the region of strong coupling allows an effective transfer of population that is very mass dependent. The extent of the transfer depends on the product of the populations on the two different electronic states and on their relative phase. It is as if two molecules collide but the process occurs within one molecule, a molecule that is simultaneously in both states. An analytical toy model recovers the (strong) mass and energy dependence.
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27
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Hollas D, Šištík L, Hohenstein EG, Martínez TJ, Slavíček P. Nonadiabatic Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics with the Floating Occupation Molecular Orbital-Complete Active Space Configuration Interaction Method. J Chem Theory Comput 2017; 14:339-350. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.7b00958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Hollas
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 16628 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Šištík
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 16628 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Edward G. Hohenstein
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, New York, New York 10031, United States
- PhD
Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Todd J. Martínez
- Department
of Chemistry and the PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Petr Slavíček
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 16628 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Dolejškova 3, 18223 Prague 8, Czech Republic
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28
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A b initio quantum direct dynamics simulations of ultrafast photochemistry with Multiconfigurational Ehrenfest approach. Chem Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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29
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Ludwig A, Liberatore E, Herrmann J, Kasmi L, López-Tarifa P, Gallmann L, Rothlisberger U, Keller U, Lucchini M. Ultrafast Relaxation Dynamics of the Ethylene Cation C(2)H(4)+. J Phys Chem Lett 2016; 7:1901-6. [PMID: 27139223 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b00646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
We present a combined experimental and computational study of the relaxation dynamics of the ethylene cation. In the experiment, we apply an extreme-ultraviolet-pump/infrared-probe scheme that permits us to resolve time scales on the order of 10 fs. The photoionization of ethylene followed by an infrared (IR) probe pulse leads to a rich structure in the fragment ion yields reflecting the fast response of the molecule and its nuclei. The temporal resolution of our setup enables us to pinpoint an upper bound of the previously defined ethylene-ethylidene isomerization time to 30 ± 3 fs. Time-dependent density functional based trajectory surface hopping simulations show that internal relaxation between the first excited states and the ground state occurs via three different conical intersections. This relaxation unfolds on femtosecond time scales and can be probed by ultrashort IR pulses. Through this probe mechanism, we demonstrate a route to optical control of the important dissociation pathways leading to separation of H or H2.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Ludwig
- Department of Physics, ETH Zurich , 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elisa Liberatore
- Laboratory of Computational Chemistry and Biochemistry, EPFL , 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jens Herrmann
- Department of Physics, ETH Zurich , 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lamia Kasmi
- Department of Physics, ETH Zurich , 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Pablo López-Tarifa
- Laboratory of Computational Chemistry and Biochemistry, EPFL , 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lukas Gallmann
- Department of Physics, ETH Zurich , 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Bern , 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ursula Rothlisberger
- Laboratory of Computational Chemistry and Biochemistry, EPFL , 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ursula Keller
- Department of Physics, ETH Zurich , 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matteo Lucchini
- Department of Physics, ETH Zurich , 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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30
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Akimov AV. Libra: An open-Source “methodology discovery” library for quantum and classical dynamics simulations. J Comput Chem 2016; 37:1626-49. [DOI: 10.1002/jcc.24367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2015] [Revised: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexey V. Akimov
- Department of Chemistry; University at Buffalo, the State University of New York; Buffalo, New York 14260-3000
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31
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Champenois EG, Shivaram NH, Wright TW, Yang CS, Belkacem A, Cryan JP. Involvement of a low-lying Rydberg state in the ultrafast relaxation dynamics of ethylene. J Chem Phys 2016; 144:014303. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4939220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Elio G. Champenois
- Graduate Group in Applied Science and Technology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Niranjan H. Shivaram
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Travis W. Wright
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Chan-Shan Yang
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Ali Belkacem
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - James P. Cryan
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- PULSE Institute for Ultrafast Energy Science, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
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32
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Prlj A, Došlić N, Corminboeuf C. How does tetraphenylethylene relax from its excited states? Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:11606-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp04546k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Photocyclization play a key role in the deactivation mechanism of tetraphenylethylene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Prlj
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
- CH-1015 Lausanne
- Switzerland
| | - Nađa Došlić
- Department of Physical Chemistry
- Ruđer Bošković Institute
- HR-10000 Zagreb
- Croatia
| | - Clémence Corminboeuf
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
- CH-1015 Lausanne
- Switzerland
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33
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Papadopoulou CC, Kaziannis S, Kosmidis C. Probing the dynamics of highly excited toluene on the fs timescale. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:31727-34. [PMID: 26559123 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp04346h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Investigation of the dynamics of toluene-h8 (C6H5CH3), toluene-d8 (C6D5CD3) and toluene-α,α,α-d3 (C6H5CD3) has been performed utilizing the VUV pump-IR probe technique on the fs timescale. Using the 5th harmonic (∼160 nm) of a Ti:sapphire laser as the pump beam, two superimposed electronic states, the valence S3 and the Rydberg 4p, were excited by one-photon absorption, followed by ionization and dissociation induced by the probe beam (800 nm). Analysis of the transient signal of the parent (P(+)) and fragment ions ([P-H](+) or [P-D](+)) implies the existence of two different relaxation processes: (i) from the Rydberg and (ii) from the S3 valence state. Using a rate equation model, the decay times have been determined and comparison between the different isotopologues has been made. Conclusions on the relaxation path, the relative displacements of the potential energy surfaces and the activation energies needed have been drawn from the decay times. The signals corresponding to the fragment ions present a small in amplitude, but nonetheless, unambiguous periodical modulation, which is attributed to out-of-plane bending oscillation, involving also the methyl group. The dynamics of the H- and D-loss channels has been investigated. Especially for the case of toluene-α,α,α-d3, where both channels are in operation, it was found that the ratio of the abundance of H/D-loss dissociation reactions decreases as the pump-probe delay time increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Papadopoulou
- Department of Physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics Laboratory, University of Ioannina, University Campus, Ioannina GR-45110, Greece.
| | - S Kaziannis
- Department of Physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics Laboratory, University of Ioannina, University Campus, Ioannina GR-45110, Greece.
| | - C Kosmidis
- Department of Physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics Laboratory, University of Ioannina, University Campus, Ioannina GR-45110, Greece.
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34
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Branching and competition of ultrafast photochemical reactions of cyclooctatriene and bicyclooctadiene. Chem Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2015.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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35
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Schalk O, Stenrup M, Geng T, Lindh R, Thomas RD, Feifel R, Hansson T. Influence of Alkoxy Groups on the Photoinduced Dynamics of Organic Molecules Exemplified on Alkyl Vinyl Ethers. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:11105-12. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b06592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- O. Schalk
- Department
of Chemical Physics, AlbaNova University Centre, Stockholm University, Roslagstullsbacken 21, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - T. Geng
- Department
of Chemical Physics, AlbaNova University Centre, Stockholm University, Roslagstullsbacken 21, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - R. D. Thomas
- Department
of Chemical Physics, AlbaNova University Centre, Stockholm University, Roslagstullsbacken 21, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - R. Feifel
- Department
of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - T. Hansson
- Department
of Chemical Physics, AlbaNova University Centre, Stockholm University, Roslagstullsbacken 21, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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36
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Kobayashi T, Horio T, Suzuki T. Ultrafast Deactivation of the ππ*(V) State of Ethylene Studied Using Sub-20 fs Time-Resolved Photoelectron Imaging. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:9518-23. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b06094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takufumi Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry,
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Takuya Horio
- Department of Chemistry,
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Toshinori Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry,
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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37
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Rompotis D, Gebert T, Wieland M, Karimi F, Drescher M. Efficient generation of below-threshold harmonics for high-fidelity multi-photon physics in the VUV spectral range. OPTICS LETTERS 2015; 40:1675-1678. [PMID: 25872045 DOI: 10.1364/ol.40.001675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the generation of microjoule level, sub-20-fs, Ti:Sa fifth-harmonic pulses utilizing a loose-focusing geometry in a long Ar gas cell. The VUV pulses centered at 161.8 nm reach pulse energies of 1.1 μJ per pulse, while the corresponding pulse duration is measured with a second-order, fringe-resolved autocorrelation scheme to be 18±1 fs. Nonresonant, two-photon ionization of Kr and three-photon ionization of Ne verify the fifth-harmonic pulse high-intensity content and indicate the feasibility of multi-photon VUV pump-VUV probe studies of ultrafast atomic and molecular dynamics.
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38
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39
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Neukirch AJ, Neumark DM, Kling MF, Prezhdo OV. Resolving multi-exciton generation by attosecond spectroscopy. OPTICS EXPRESS 2014; 22:26285-26293. [PMID: 25401661 DOI: 10.1364/oe.22.026285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We propose an experimentally viable attosecond transient absorption spectroscopy scheme to resolve controversies regarding multiexciton (ME) generation in nanoscale systems. Absence of oscillations indicates that light excites single excitons, and MEs are created by incoherent impact ionization. An oscillation indicates the coherent mechanism, involving excitation of superpositions of single and MEs. The oscillation decay, ranging from 5 fs at ambient temperature to 20 fs at 100 K, gives the elastic exciton-phonon scattering time. The signal is best observed with multiple-cycle pump pulses.
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40
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Blancafort L. Photochemistry and photophysics at extended seams of conical intersection. Chemphyschem 2014; 15:3166-81. [PMID: 25157686 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201402359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The role of extended seams of conical intersection in excited-state mechanisms is reviewed. Seams are crossings of the potential energy surface in many dimensions where the decay from the excited to the ground state can occur, and the extended seam is composed of different segments lying along a reaction coordinate. Every segment is associated with a different primary photoproduct, which gives rise to competing pathways. This idea is first illustrated for fulvene and ethylene, and then it is used to explain more complex cases such as the dependence of the isomerisation of retinal chromophore isomers on the protein environment, the dependence of the efficiency of the azobenzene photochemical switch on the wavelength of irradiation and the direction of the isomerisation, and the coexistence of different mechanisms in the photo-induced Wolff rearrangement of diazonaphthoquinone. The role of extended seams in the photophysics of the DNA nucleobases and the relationship between two-state seams and three-state crossings is also discussed. As an outlook, the design of optical control strategies based on the passage of the excited molecule through the seam is considered, and it is shown how the excited-state lifetime of fulvene can be modulated by shaping the energy of the seam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lluís Blancafort
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Campus de Montilivi, 17071 Girona (Spain).
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41
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Makhov DV, Glover WJ, Martinez TJ, Shalashilin DV. Ab initio multiple cloning algorithm for quantum nonadiabatic molecular dynamics. J Chem Phys 2014; 141:054110. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4891530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry V. Makhov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - William J. Glover
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Todd J. Martinez
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
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42
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San-Fabián E, Moscardó F. Cyclobutadiene automerization and rotation of ethylene: energetics of the barriers by using spin-polarized wave functions. J Comput Chem 2014; 35:1356-63. [PMID: 24817406 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.23630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Revised: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Spin-projected spin polarized Møller-Plesset and spin polarized coupled clusters calculations have been made to estimate the cyclobutadiene automerization, the ethylene torsion barriers in their ground state, and the gap between the singlet and triplet states of ethylene. The results have been obtained optimizing the geometries at MP4 and/or CCSD levels, by an extensive Gaussian basis set. A comparative analysis with more complex calculations, up to MP5 and CCSDTQP, together with others from the literature, have also been made, showing the efficacy of using spin-polarized wave functions as a reference wave function for Møller-Plesset and coupled clusters calculations, in such problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio San-Fabián
- Departamento de Química Física, Unidad Asociada del CSIC e Instituto Universitario de Materiales, Universidad de Alicante, San Vicente del Raspeig, 03690, Alicante, Spain
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Wolf TJA, Kuhlman TS, Schalk O, Martínez TJ, Møller KB, Stolow A, Unterreiner AN. Hexamethylcyclopentadiene: time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy and ab initio multiple spawning simulations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:11770-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp00977k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy and ab initio multiple spawning dynamical simulations of hexamethylcyclopentadiene reveal wavepacket evolution in a distinct degree of freedom.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. J. A. Wolf
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie and Center for Functional Nanostructures (CFN)
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Stanford PULSE Institute
- Menlo Park, USA
| | - T. S. Kuhlman
- Department of Chemistry
- Technical University of Denmark
- DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - O. Schalk
- Stockholm University
- AlbaNova University Center
- , Sweden
- National Research Council
- , Canada
| | - T. J. Martínez
- Stanford PULSE Institute
- Menlo Park, USA
- Department of Chemistry
- Stanford University
- Stanford, USA
| | - K. B. Møller
- Department of Chemistry
- Technical University of Denmark
- DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - A. Stolow
- National Research Council
- , Canada
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Ottawa
- Canada
| | - A.-N. Unterreiner
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie and Center for Functional Nanostructures (CFN)
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
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44
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Barbatti M, Crespo-Otero R. Surface Hopping Dynamics with DFT Excited States. DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL METHODS FOR EXCITED STATES 2014; 368:415-44. [DOI: 10.1007/128_2014_605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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45
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46
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West BA, Molesky BP, Giokas PG, Moran AM. Uncovering molecular relaxation processes with nonlinear spectroscopies in the deep UV. Chem Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2013.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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47
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Sellner B, Barbatti M, Müller T, Domcke W, Lischka H. Ultrafast non-adiabatic dynamics of ethylene including Rydberg states. Mol Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2013.813590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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48
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Antol I. Photodeactivation paths in norbornadiene. J Comput Chem 2013; 34:1439-45. [DOI: 10.1002/jcc.23270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2012] [Revised: 01/29/2013] [Accepted: 02/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Antol
- Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; Ruđer Bošković Institute; P.O.B. 180; HR-10002; Zagreb; Croatia
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49
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Virshup AM, Chen J, Martínez TJ. Nonlinear dimensionality reduction for nonadiabatic dynamics: the influence of conical intersection topography on population transfer rates. J Chem Phys 2013; 137:22A519. [PMID: 23249056 DOI: 10.1063/1.4742066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Conical intersections play a critical role in the nonadiabatic relaxation of excited electronic states. However, there are an infinite number of these intersections and it is difficult to predict which are actually relevant. Furthermore, traditional descriptors such as intrinsic reaction coordinates and steepest descent paths often fail to adequately characterize excited state reactions due to their highly nonequilibrium nature. To address these deficiencies in the characterization of excited state mechanisms, we apply a nonlinear dimensionality reduction scheme (diffusion mapping) to generate reaction coordinates directly from ab initio multiple spawning dynamics calculations. As illustrated with various examples of photoisomerization dynamics, excited state reaction pathways can be derived directly from simulation data without any a priori specification of relevant coordinates. Furthermore, diffusion maps also reveal the influence of intersection topography on the efficiency of electronic population transfer, providing further evidence that peaked intersections promote nonadiabatic transitions more effectively than sloped intersections. Our results demonstrate the usefulness of nonlinear dimensionality reduction techniques as powerful tools for elucidating reaction mechanisms beyond the statistical description of processes on ground state potential energy surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron M Virshup
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA
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50
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Mori T, Martínez TJ. Exploring the Conical Intersection Seam: The Seam Space Nudged Elastic Band Method. J Chem Theory Comput 2013; 9:1155-63. [DOI: 10.1021/ct300892t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Toshifumi Mori
- PULSE Institute and
Department
of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United
States
- SLAC National Accelerator
Laboratory,
2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Todd. J. Martínez
- PULSE Institute and
Department
of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United
States
- SLAC National Accelerator
Laboratory,
2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
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