1
|
Villari V, Micali N, Nicosia A, Mineo P. Water-Soluble Non-Ionic PEGylated Porphyrins: A Versatile Category of Dyes for Basic Science and Applications. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2021; 379:35. [PMID: 34382110 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-021-00348-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This review arises from the need to rationalize the huge amount of information on the structural and spectroscopic properties of a peculiar class of porphyrin derivatives-the non-ionic PEGylated porphyrins-collected during almost two decades of research. The lack of charged groups in the molecular architecture of these porphyrin derivatives is the leitmotif of the work and plays an outstanding role in highlighting those interactions between porphyrins, or between porphyrins and target molecules (e.g., hydrophobic-, hydrogen bond related-, and coordination-interactions, to name just a few) that are often masked by stronger electrostatic contributions. In addition, it is exactly these weaker interactions between porphyrins that make the aggregated forms more prone to couple efficiently with external perturbative fields like weak hydrodynamic vortexes or temperature gradients. In the absence of charge, solubility in water is very often achieved by covalent functionalization of the porphyrin ring with polyethylene glycol chains. Various modifications, including of chain length or the number of chains, the presence of a metal atom in the porphyrin core, or having two or more porphyrin rings in the molecular architecture, result in a wide range of properties. These encompass self-assembly with different aggregate morphology, molecular recognition of biomolecules, and different photophysical responses, which can be translated into numerous promising applications in the sensing and biomedical field, based on turn-on/turn-off fluorescence and on photogeneration of radical species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Villari
- IPCF-CNR, Istituto per i Processi Chimico-Fisici, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 37, 98158, Messina, Italy.
| | - Norberto Micali
- IPCF-CNR, Istituto per i Processi Chimico-Fisici, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 37, 98158, Messina, Italy
| | - Angelo Nicosia
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Placido Mineo
- IPCF-CNR, Istituto per i Processi Chimico-Fisici, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 37, 98158, Messina, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nicosia A, Abbadessa A, Vento F, Mazzaglia A, Mineo PG. Silver Nanoparticles Decorated with PEGylated Porphyrins as Potential Theranostic and Sensing Agents. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14112764. [PMID: 34071106 PMCID: PMC8197077 DOI: 10.3390/ma14112764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) stand out over other metal nanoparticles thanks to their peculiar bactericidal and spectroscopic properties. Tunability of the AgNPs chemical-physical properties could be provided through their organic covalent coating. On the other hand, PEGylated porphyrin derivatives are versatile heteromacrocycles investigated for uses in the biomedical field as cytotoxic and tracking agents, but also as sensors. In this work, an easy multi-step approach was employed to produce coated silver nanoparticles. Specifically, the AgNPs were functionalized with 5,10,15-[p-(ω-methoxy-polyethyleneoxy)phenyl]-20-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-porphyrin (P(PEG350)3), using chloropropanethiol as a coupling agent. The P(PEG350)3 was structurally characterized through MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, NMR spectroscopy and thermal analyses. The functionalization of AgNPs was monitored step-by-step employing UV-Vis spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering and thermogravimetric techniques. HRTEM and STEM measurements were used to investigate the morphology and the composition of the resulting nanostructured system (AgNP@P(PEG350)3), observing a long-range alignment of the outer porphyrin layer. The AgNP@P(PEG350)3 combines the features of the P(PEG350)3 with those of AgNPs, producing a potential multifunctional theranostic tool. The nanosystem revealed itself suitable as a removable pH sensor in aqueous solutions and potentially feasible for biological environment applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Nicosia
- Department of Chemical Sciences and INSTM UdR of Catania, University of Catania, V.le A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.N.); (A.A.); (F.V.)
| | - Antonio Abbadessa
- Department of Chemical Sciences and INSTM UdR of Catania, University of Catania, V.le A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.N.); (A.A.); (F.V.)
| | - Fabiana Vento
- Department of Chemical Sciences and INSTM UdR of Catania, University of Catania, V.le A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.N.); (A.A.); (F.V.)
| | - Antonino Mazzaglia
- CNR-ISMN, Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati, V. le F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy;
| | - Placido Giuseppe Mineo
- Department of Chemical Sciences and INSTM UdR of Catania, University of Catania, V.le A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.N.); (A.A.); (F.V.)
- Institute for Chemical and Physical Processes CNR-IPCF, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 37, 98158 Messina, Italy
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials CNR-IPCB, Via P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Biodegradable diblock copolymeric PEG-PCL nanoparticles: Synthesis, characterization and applications as anticancer drug delivery agents. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.122901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
4
|
Karabasz A, Szuwarzyński M, Nowakowska M, Bzowska M, Lewandowska-Łańcucka J. Stabilization of liposomes with silicone layer improves their elastomechanical properties while not compromising biological features. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 195:111272. [PMID: 32791473 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The liposomes are among the most promising types of drug delivery systems but low stability significantly limits their application. Some approaches proposed to overcome this drawback may affect the liposomes toxicity profile. It is assumed that developed by us and presented here stabilization method involving formation of silicone network within the liposomal bilayer will improve elastomechanical properties of vesicles while not deteriorating their biocompatibility. The silicone-stabilized liposomes were prepared by base-catalyzed polycondensation process of the 1,3,5,7-tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4H) within the liposomal bilayer. The systematic biological in vitro studies of vesicles obtained were carried out. Moreover, the elastomechanical features investigation employing atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements was performed. These properties of the liposome membrane are of great importance since they define the nanocarriers' stability as well as play a significant role in their cellular uptake via endocytosis. Applying the Derjaguin-Muller-Toporov (DMT) model, the elastic modulus of the silicone-stabilized liposomes was determined and compared to that characteristic for the pristine liposomes. The in vitro biological evaluation of silicone-stabilized liposomes demonstrated that these vesicles are not toxic for blood cells isolated from healthy donors and they do not induce oxidative stress in HepG2 cells. AFM results confirmed the stabilizing effect of silicone and revealed that the silicone network improves the elastomechanical properties of the resulted liposomes. This is the first report demonstrating that the silicone-stabilized liposomes retain biocompatibility of pristine liposomes' while acquire significantly better elastomechanical features.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alicja Karabasz
- Department of Cell Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Michał Szuwarzyński
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Maria Nowakowska
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Monika Bzowska
- Department of Cell Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Joanna Lewandowska-Łańcucka
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Nowakowska M, Szczubiałka K. Photoactive polymeric and hybrid systems for photocatalytic degradation of water pollutants. Polym Degrad Stab 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2017.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
6
|
Luciano M, Brückner C. Modifications of Porphyrins and Hydroporphyrins for Their Solubilization in Aqueous Media. Molecules 2017; 22:E980. [PMID: 28608838 PMCID: PMC6152633 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22060980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing popularity of porphyrins and hydroporphyrins for use in a variety of biomedical (photodynamic therapy, fluorescence tagging and imaging, photoacoustic imaging) and technical (chemosensing, catalysis, light harvesting) applications is also associated with the growing number of methodologies that enable their solubilization in aqueous media. Natively, the vast majority of synthetic porphyrinic compounds are not water-soluble. Moreover, any water-solubility imposes several restrictions on the synthetic chemist on when to install solubilizing groups in the synthetic sequence, and how to isolate and purify these compounds. This review summarizes the chemical modifications to render synthetic porphyrins water-soluble, with a focus on the work disclosed since 2000. Where available, practical data such as solubility, indicators for the degree of aggregation, and special notes for the practitioner are listed. We hope that this review will guide synthetic chemists through the many strategies known to make porphyrins and hydroporphyrins water soluble.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Luciano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-3060, USA.
| | - Christian Brückner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-3060, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wilkosz N, Rissanen S, Cyza M, Szybka R, Nowakowska M, Bunker A, Róg T, Kepczynski M. Effect of piroxicam on lipid membranes: Drug encapsulation and gastric toxicity aspects. Eur J Pharm Sci 2017; 100:116-125. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2017.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
8
|
Ghogare AA, Greer A. Synthesis of a poly(ethylene glycol) galloyl sensitizer tip for an 'all-in-one' photodynamic device. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2016; 9:1326-1336. [PMID: 27041367 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201600013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes the synthesis of a specialized silica tip for an optical fiber device capable of delivering all components necessary for photodynamic therapy. Oxygen, light and a cleavable tripolyethylene glycol (PEG)-galloyl pheophorbide sensitizer are simultaneously delivered by the silica tip, where the tip was synthesized in six steps. A comparison of synthetic steps to reach PEGylated sensitizers bound to fluorinated silica and a previously reported Teflon/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanocomposite ( Ghosh, G. et al. J. Phys. Chem. B 2015, 119, 4155- 4164) was made. The hydrolytic stability of the attached PEGs and the extent to which the PEG groups enhance solubility will also be discussed. The new triPEG-galloyl sensitizer has the potential for use in intraoperative pointsource photodynamic therapy which aims for precision treatment of residual disease. Schematic of the synthesis of a photoactive silica surface. It is composed of fluorinated silica connected to a photo-releasable sensitizer with short-chain PEGs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashwini A Ghogare
- Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, 2900 Bedford Avenue, Brooklyn, New York, 11210, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York, 10016, United States
| | - Alexander Greer
- Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, 2900 Bedford Avenue, Brooklyn, New York, 11210, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York, 10016, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bunker A, Magarkar A, Viitala T. Rational design of liposomal drug delivery systems, a review: Combined experimental and computational studies of lipid membranes, liposomes and their PEGylation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2016; 1858:2334-2352. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2016.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Revised: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
10
|
Liu M, Chen CY, Mandal AK, Chandrashaker V, Evans-Storms RB, Pitner JB, Bocian DF, Holten D, Lindsey JS. Bioconjugatable, PEGylated Hydroporphyrins for Photochemistry and Photomedicine. Narrow-Band, Red-Emitting Chlorins. NEW J CHEM 2016; 40:7721-7740. [PMID: 28154477 DOI: 10.1039/c6nj01154c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Chromophores that absorb and emit in the red spectral region (600-700 nm), are water soluble, and bear a bioconjugatable tether are relatively rare yet would fulfill many applications in photochemistry and photomedicine. Here, three molecular designs have been developed wherein stable synthetic chlorins - analogues of chlorophylls - have been tailored with PEG groups for use in aqueous solution. The designs differ with regard to order of the installation (pre/post-formation of the chlorin macrocycle) and position of the PEG groups. Six PEGylated synthetic chlorins (three free bases, three zinc chelates) have been prepared, of which four are equipped with a bioconjugatable (carboxylic acid) tether. The most effective design for aqueous solubilization entails facial encumbrance where PEG groups project above and below the plane of the hydrophobic disk-like chlorin macrocycle. The chlorins possess strong absorption at ~400 nm (B band) and in the red region (Qy band); regardless of wavelength of excitation, emission occurs in the red region. Excitation in the ~400 nm region thus provides an effective Stokes shift of >200 nm. The four bioconjugatable water-soluble chlorins exhibit Qy absorption/emission in water at 613/614, 636/638, 698/700 and 706/710 nm. The spectral properties are essentially unchanged in DMF and water for the facially encumbered chlorins, which also exhibit narrow Qy absorption and emission bands (full-width-at-half maximum of each <25 nm). The water-solubility was assessed by absorption spectroscopy over the concentration range ~0.4 μM - 0.4 mM. One chlorin was conjugated to a mouse polyclonal IgG antibody for use in flow cytometry with compensation beads for proof-of-principle. The conjugate displayed a sharp signal when excited by a violet laser (405 nm) with emission in the 620-660 nm range. Taken together, the designs described herein augur well for development of a set of spectrally distinct chlorins with relatively sharp bands in the red region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengran Liu
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8204
| | - Chih-Yuan Chen
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8204
| | - Amit Kumar Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130-4889
| | | | | | | | - David F Bocian
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521-0403
| | - Dewey Holten
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130-4889
| | - Jonathan S Lindsey
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8204
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kepczynski M, Róg T. Functionalized lipids and surfactants for specific applications. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2016; 1858:2362-2379. [PMID: 26946243 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2016.02.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic lipids and surfactants that do not exist in biological systems have been used for the last few decades in both basic and applied science. The most notable applications for synthetic lipids and surfactants are drug delivery, gene transfection, as reporting molecules, and as support for structural lipid biology. In this review, we describe the potential of the synergistic combination of computational and experimental methodologies to study the behavior of synthetic lipids and surfactants embedded in lipid membranes and liposomes. We focused on select cases in which molecular dynamics simulations were used to complement experimental studies aiming to understand the structure and properties of new compounds at the atomistic level. We also describe cases in which molecular dynamics simulations were used to design new synthetic lipids and surfactants, as well as emerging fields for the application of these compounds. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Biosimulations edited by Ilpo Vattulainen and Tomasz Róg.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz Kepczynski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Róg
- Department of Physics, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 692, FI-33101, Tampere, Finland; Department of Physics, Helsinki University, P.O. Box 64, FI 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Mandal AK, Sahin T, Liu M, Lindsey JS, Bocian DF, Holten D. Photophysical comparisons of PEGylated porphyrins, chlorins and bacteriochlorins in water. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6nj02091g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis of a bioconjugatable water-soluble (PEGylated) trans-AB-porphyrin enables photophysical comparisons (τS, kf, kic, kisc, Φf, Φic, Φisc) with analogous chlorins and bacteriochlorins in DMF and water.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tuba Sahin
- Department of Chemistry
- North Carolina State University
- Raleigh
- USA
| | - Mengran Liu
- Department of Chemistry
- North Carolina State University
- Raleigh
- USA
| | | | | | - Dewey Holten
- Department of Chemistry
- Washington University
- St. Louis
- USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Dzieciuch M, Rissanen S, Szydłowska N, Bunker A, Kumorek M, Jamróz D, Vattulainen I, Nowakowska M, Róg T, Kepczynski M. PEGylated Liposomes as Carriers of Hydrophobic Porphyrins. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:6646-57. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b01351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Dzieciuch
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Krakow 31-007, Poland
| | - Sami Rissanen
- Department
of Physics, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere 33720, Finland
| | | | - Alex Bunker
- Centre
for Drug Research, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00100, Finland
| | - Marta Kumorek
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Krakow 31-007, Poland
| | - Dorota Jamróz
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Krakow 31-007, Poland
| | - Ilpo Vattulainen
- Department
of Physics, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere 33720, Finland
- MEMPHYS-Center
for Biomembrane Physics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense 5230, Denmark
| | - Maria Nowakowska
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Krakow 31-007, Poland
| | - Tomasz Róg
- Department
of Physics, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere 33720, Finland
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Nguen HQ, Zhdanova KA, Uvarova VS, Bragina NA, Mironov AF, Chupin VV, Shvets VI. Development and characterization of nanoparticles prepared from the mixture of triterpenoids and amphiphilic meso-arylporphirins. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162015020107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
15
|
Drozd D, Szczubiałka K, Kumorek M, Kepczynski M, Nowakowska M. Photoactive polymer–nanoclay hybrid photosensitizer for oxidation of phenol in aqueous media with the visible light. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2014.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
16
|
Narsireddy A, Vijayashree K, Irudayaraj J, Manorama SV, Rao NM. Targeted in vivo photodynamic therapy with epidermal growth factor receptor-specific peptide linked nanoparticles. Int J Pharm 2014; 471:421-9. [PMID: 24939618 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.05.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Revised: 05/26/2014] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
In targeted photodynamic therapy (tPDT), photosensitizers (PS) are targeted to disease tissue to reduce the dosage of PS and in addition to reduce the photo damage to the non-target tissue. We synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles (NP) armored with tumor targeting peptide and PS for targeted PDT. Chitosan covered Fe3O4 NPs (30 nm) were deposited with gold NPs to generate two distinct chemical surfaces. To the gold particles PS was attached with a lipoic acid linker. Human epidermal growth factor receptor (hEGFR)-specific peptide was also attached to the same particles via a nickel-nitrilotriacetic acid linker attached to the chitosan. Using these nanoparticles, peptide specific uptake and PDT mediated cell death of the SK-OV-3 cells (Her2(+) positive cells) were demonstrated by confocal microscopy, T2 imaging and viability assays. Peptide mediated preferential distribution of these NPs into tumor tissue was also shown in a xenograft tumor model. After one intravenous injection and one PDT dose, peptide bound NPs retarded tumor growth significantly compared to dark controls or treatments with NPs without peptide. The tumor retardation by targeted NPs was achieved at a PS concentration of 3.9 nmol/animal, whereas similar effect was seen with free PS at 220 nmol/animal. Therapeutic potential of these peptide containing NPs would be a useful in targeted PDT and in imaging the target tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amreddy Narsireddy
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Kurra Vijayashree
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Joseph Irudayaraj
- Agricultural & Biological Engineering, Purdue University, 225 S. University Street West Lafayette, IN 47907-2093, USA
| | - Sunkara V Manorama
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India.
| | - Nalam M Rao
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Xie Y, Zhang F, Liu P, Hao F, Luo H. Catalytic oxidation of cyclohexane with dioxygen over boehmite supported trans-A2B2 type metalloporphyrins catalyst. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2014.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
18
|
Rissanen S, Kumorek M, Martinez-Seara H, Li YC, Jamróz D, Bunker A, Nowakowska M, Vattulainen I, Kepczynski M, Róg T. Effect of PEGylation on Drug Entry into Lipid Bilayer. J Phys Chem B 2013; 118:144-51. [DOI: 10.1021/jp4105745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sami Rissanen
- Department
of Physics, Tampere University of Technology, PO Box 692, FI-33101 Tampere, Finland
| | - Marta Kumorek
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Kraków, Poland
| | - Hector Martinez-Seara
- Department
of Physics, Tampere University of Technology, PO Box 692, FI-33101 Tampere, Finland
| | - Yen-Chin Li
- Centre
for Drug Research, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Dorota Jamróz
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Kraków, Poland
| | - Alex Bunker
- Centre
for Drug Research, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maria Nowakowska
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Kraków, Poland
| | - Ilpo Vattulainen
- Department
of Physics, Tampere University of Technology, PO Box 692, FI-33101 Tampere, Finland
- MEMPHYS—Center
for Biomembrane Physics, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Mariusz Kepczynski
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Kraków, Poland
| | - Tomasz Róg
- Department
of Physics, Tampere University of Technology, PO Box 692, FI-33101 Tampere, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Li YC, Rissanen S, Stepniewski M, Cramariuc O, Róg T, Mirza S, Xhaard H, Wytrwal M, Kepczynski M, Bunker A. Study of Interaction Between PEG Carrier and Three Relevant Drug Molecules: Piroxicam, Paclitaxel, and Hematoporphyrin. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:7334-41. [DOI: 10.1021/jp300301z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Chin Li
- Centre for Drug Research,
Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki,
Finland
| | - Sami Rissanen
- Department of Physics, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | - Michał Stepniewski
- Centre for Drug Research,
Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki,
Finland
| | - Oana Cramariuc
- Department of Physics, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | - Tomasz Róg
- Department of Physics, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | - Sabir Mirza
- Centre for Drug Research,
Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki,
Finland
| | - Henri Xhaard
- Centre for Drug Research,
Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki,
Finland
| | | | | | - Alex Bunker
- Centre for Drug Research,
Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki,
Finland
- Department of Chemistry, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Novel nanostructural photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy: in vitro studies. Int J Pharm 2012; 430:129-40. [PMID: 22525077 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2011] [Revised: 03/16/2012] [Accepted: 04/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Photosensitizing properties of 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-hydroxyphenyl)porphyrin (p-THPP) functionalized by covalent attachment of one chain of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) with a molecular weight of 350, 2000, or 5000 Da (p-THPP-PEG(350), p-THPP-PEG(2000), p-THPP-PEG(5000)) were studied in vitro. Dark and photo cytotoxicity of these photosensitizers delivered in solution or embedded in liposomes were evaluated on two cell lines: a human colorectal carcinoma cell line (HCT 116) and a prostate cancer cell line (DU 145), and compared with these treated with free p-THPP. The attachment of PEG chains results in the pronounced reduction of the dark cytotoxicity of the parent porphyrin. Cell viability tests have demonstrated that the phototoxicity of pegylated porphyrins is dependent on the length of PEG chain and p-THPP-PEG(2000) exhibited the highest photodynamic efficacy for both cell lines. The encapsulation into liposomes did not improve the PDT effect. However, the liposomal formulation of p-THPP-PEG(2000) showed a greater tendency to induce apoptosis in both cell lines than the parent or pegylated porphyrin delivered in solution. The colocalization of p-THPP, p-THPP-PEG(2000) and p-THPP-PEG(2000) enclosed in liposomes with fluorescent markers for lysosomes, mitochondria, endoplasmatic reticulum (ER) and Golgi apparatus (GA) was determined in the HCT 116 line. The p-THPP exhibited ubiquitous intracellular distribution with a preference for membranes: mitochondria, ER, GA, lysosomes and plasma membrane. Fluorescence of p-THPP-PEG(2000) was observed within the cytoplasm, with a stronger signal detected in membranous organelle: mitochondria, ER, GA and lysosomes. In contrast, p-THPP-PEG(2000) delivered in liposomes gave a distinct lysosomal pattern of localization.
Collapse
|
21
|
Bunker A. Poly(Ethylene Glycol) in Drug Delivery, Why Does it Work, and Can We do Better? All Atom Molecular Dynamics Simulation Provides Some Answers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phpro.2012.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
22
|
Stepniewski M, Pasenkiewicz-Gierula M, Róg T, Danne R, Orlowski A, Karttunen M, Urtti A, Yliperttula M, Vuorimaa E, Bunker A. Study of PEGylated lipid layers as a model for PEGylated liposome surfaces: molecular dynamics simulation and Langmuir monolayer studies. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2011; 27:7788-7798. [PMID: 21604684 DOI: 10.1021/la200003n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We have combined Langmuir monolayer film experiments and all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulation of a bilayer to study the surface structure of a PEGylated liposome and its interaction with the ionic environment present under physiological conditions. Lipids that form both gel and liquid-crystalline membranes have been used in our study. By varying the salt concentration in the Langmuir film experiment and including salt at the physiological level in the simulation, we have studied the effect of salt ions present in the blood plasma on the structure of the poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) layer. We have also studied the interaction between the PEG layer and the lipid bilayer in both the liquid-crystalline and gel states. The MD simulation shows two clear results: (a) The Na(+) ions form close interactions with the PEG oxygens, with the PEG chains forming loops around them and (b) PEG penetrates the lipid core of the membrane for the case of a liquid-crystalline membrane but is excluded from the tighter structure of the gel membrane. The Langmuir monolayer results indicate that the salt concentration affects the PEGylated lipid system, and these results can be interpreted in a fashion that is in agreement with the results of our MD simulation. We conclude that the currently accepted picture of the PEG surface layer acting as a generic neutral hydrophilic polymer entirely outside the membrane, with its effect explained through steric interactions, is not sufficient. The phenomena we have observed may affect both the interaction between the liposome and bloodstream proteins and the liquid-crystalline-gel transition and is thus relevant to nanotechnological drug delivery device design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michał Stepniewski
- Centre for Drug Research, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kepczynski M, Kumorek M, Stepniewski M, Róg T, Kozik B, Jamróz D, Bednar J, Nowakowska M. Behavior of 2,6-bis(decyloxy)naphthalene inside lipid bilayer. J Phys Chem B 2010; 114:15483-94. [PMID: 21058682 DOI: 10.1021/jp103753f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Interactions between small organic molecules and lipid or cell membranes are important because of their role in the distribution of biologically active substances inside the membrane and their permeation through the cell membranes. In the current paper, we have explored the effect of the attachment of long hydrocarbon tails on the behavior of small organic molecule inside the lipid membrane. Naphthalene with two decyloxy groups attached at the opposite sites of the ring (2,6-bis(decyloxy)naphthalene, 3) was synthesized and incorporated into phosphatidylcholine (PC) vesicles. Fluorescence methods as well as molecular dynamic (MD) simulations were used to estimate the position, orientation, and migration of compound 3 in PC bilayer. It was found that the naphthalene ring of compound 3 resides in the upper acyl chain region of the bilayer and the hydrocarbon tails are directed to the center of the bilayer. As was shown with cryotransmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM), such lipidlike conformation enables compound 3 to be incorporated into liposomes at a very high content without their disintegration. Moreover, compound 3 can migrate from one leaflet to other. The mechanism of this process is, however, different from that characteristic of the flip-flop event of lipid molecules in the membrane. Finally, the possible application of compound 3 as a rotational molecular probe for monitoring fluidity of liposomal membrane in the acyl side chain region was checked by studies of the effect of cholesterol on the fluorescence anisotropy of 3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz Kepczynski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Kraków, Poland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Nawalany K, Rusin A, Kepczyński M, Mikhailov A, Kramer-Marek G, Snietura M, Połtowicz J, Krawczyk Z, Nowakowska M. Comparison of photodynamic efficacy of tetraarylporphyrin pegylated or encapsulated in liposomes: in vitro studies. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2009; 97:8-17. [PMID: 19665390 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2009.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2008] [Revised: 04/10/2009] [Accepted: 07/02/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Two photosensitizing systems: (1) tetrakis(4-hydroxyphenyl)porphyrin (p-THPP) encapsulated in sterically stabilized liposomes (SSL) and (2) p-THPP functionalized by covalent attachment of poly(ethylene glycol) (p-THPP-PEG(2000)) were studied in vitro. The dark and photo cytotoxicity of these systems were evaluated on two cell lines: HCT 116, a human colorectal carcinoma cell line, and DU 145, a prostate cancer cell line and compared with these determined for free p-THPP. It was demonstrated that both encapsulation in liposomes as well as attachment of PEG chain result in pronounced reduction of the dark cytotoxicity of the parent porphyrin. The liposomal formulation showed higher than p-THPP-PEG(2000) photocytotoxicity towards both cell lines used in the studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Nawalany
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|