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Douglas T, Singh N, Riaz U. Experimental and Theoretical Studies on Indigo-Dye-Modified Conjugated Polymers. Molecules 2024; 29:3200. [PMID: 38999152 PMCID: PMC11243738 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29133200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The present work reports the synthesis of indigo-dye-incorporated polyaniline (Indigo-PANI), poly(1-naphthylamine) (Indigo-PNA), poly(o-phenylenediamine) (Indigo-POPD), polypyrrole (Indigo-PPy), and polythiophene (Indigo-PTh) via an ultrasound-assisted method. The synthesized oligomers were characterized using FTIR, UV-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fluorescence studies, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The experimental data were theoretically compared to analyze the vibrational and electronic spectra via time-dependent density-functional theory (TD-DFT) by applying the Becke, three-parameter, and Lee-Yang-Parr (B3LYP) method with a 6-311G (d,p) basis set. The experimental, theoretical vibrational, and electronic spectra were found to be in close agreement and confirmed the successful incorporation of indigo dye in PANI, PNA, POPD, PPy, and PTh. These studies confirmed that multifunctional oligomers could be synthesized through a facile technique by incorporating dye moieties to enhance their optoelectronic properties, allowing them to be utilized as near-infrared-emitting probes for photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tionna Douglas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - Neetika Singh
- Materials Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560012, India
| | - Ufana Riaz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
- Materials Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
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2
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Suendo V, Lau Y, Hidayat F, Reza M, Qadafi A, Rochliadi A. Effect of face-to-face and side-to-side interchain interactions on the electron transport in emeraldine salt polyaniline. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:7190-7199. [PMID: 33734245 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp06194h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Polyaniline (PANI) is a conductive polymer that has been studied intensively due to its high conductivity, ease of synthesis, fascinating doping mechanism, and a broad spectrum of applications. Polyaniline doped HCl was synthesized by a common direct-oxidation method of aniline using ammonium persulfate as the oxidant in HCl solution at various temperatures. This study focused on conductivity alteration of PANI-ES (emeraldine salt) due to the interchain interaction observed at different reaction temperatures from room temperature down to -15 °C. The molecular structure of PANI-ES was determined by FTIR and Raman spectroscopy. At low reaction temperature, the electronic transport properties improve significantly as reflected by its conductivity. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis shows that the value d{(110)} and β play an important role in electron transport through face-to-face and side-to-side interactions, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis shows that the morphology of the synthesized PANI-ES consists of granules that are interconnected by nanofibers. Here, the correlation between electronic transport properties, structure, and morphology induced by reaction temperature was analyzed and discussed in detail. Moreover, PANI ES synthesized at 0 °C was applied as an electrocatalytic active layer in the DSSC's counter-electrode with a promising result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veinardi Suendo
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Research Division, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia.
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Carbon Nanostructures Derived through Hypergolic Reaction of Conductive Polymers with Fuming Nitric Acid at Ambient Conditions. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26061595. [PMID: 33805728 PMCID: PMC7999089 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypergolic systems rely on organic fuel and a powerful oxidizer that spontaneously ignites upon contact without any external ignition source. Although their main utilization pertains to rocket fuels and propellants, it is only recently that hypergolics has been established from our group as a new general method for the synthesis of different morphologies of carbon nanostructures depending on the hypergolic pair (organic fuel-oxidizer). In search of new pairs, the hypergolic mixture described here contains polyaniline as the organic source of carbon and fuming nitric acid as strong oxidizer. Specifically, the two reagents react rapidly and spontaneously upon contact at ambient conditions to afford carbon nanosheets. Further liquid-phase exfoliation of the nanosheets in dimethylformamide results in dispersed single layers exhibiting strong Tyndall effect. The method can be extended to other conductive polymers, such as polythiophene and polypyrrole, leading to the formation of different type carbon nanostructures (e.g., photolumincent carbon dots). Apart from being a new synthesis pathway towards carbon nanomaterials and a new type of reaction for conductive polymers, the present hypergolic pairs also provide a novel set of rocket bipropellants based on conductive polymers.
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Wang H, Liu J, Chen Z, Chen S, Sum TC, Lin J, Shen ZX. Synergistic capacitive behavior between polyaniline and carbon black. Electrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.01.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Abdelhameed M, Langlois A, Fortin D, Karsenti PL, Harvey PD. A drastic substituent effect on the emission properties of quinone diimine models and valuable insight into the excited states of emeraldine. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:11214-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc05178e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Zalibera M, Jalilov AS, Stoll S, Guzei IA, Gescheidt G, Nelsen SF. Monotrimethylene-Bridged Bis-p-phenylenediamine Radical Cations and Dications: Spin States, Conformations, and Dynamics. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:1439-48. [DOI: 10.1021/jp3104358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michal Zalibera
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical
Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Technikerstraße 4/I, A-8010 Graz, Austria
- Institute of Physical Chemistry
and Chemical Physics, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, SK-81237 Bratislava,
Slovakia
| | - Almaz S. Jalilov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, 1101 University Avenue,
Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1396, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University,
Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113,
United States
| | - Stefan Stoll
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700,
United States
| | - Ilia A. Guzei
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, 1101 University Avenue,
Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1396, United States
| | - Georg Gescheidt
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical
Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Technikerstraße 4/I, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Stephen F. Nelsen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, 1101 University Avenue,
Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1396, United States
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Kitamura Y, Niwa T, Naya SI, Hattori T, Sumida Y, Tada H. In situ room temperature synthesis of a polyaniline–gold–titanium(iv) dioxide heteronanojunction system. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc37172c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Petrova J, Romanova J, Madjarova G, Ivanova A, Tadjer A. Absorption Spectra of Model Single Chains of Conducting Polyaniline. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:6543-52. [DOI: 10.1021/jp301814u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jasmina Petrova
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sofia, 1 James Bourchier Avenue, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Julia Romanova
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sofia, 1 James Bourchier Avenue, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Galia Madjarova
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sofia, 1 James Bourchier Avenue, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Anela Ivanova
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sofia, 1 James Bourchier Avenue, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Alia Tadjer
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sofia, 1 James Bourchier Avenue, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
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Eigner AA, Jones BH, Koprucki BW, Massari AM. Ground-State Structural Dynamics in Doped and Undoped Polyaniline Films Probed by Two-Dimensional Infrared Vibrational Echo Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem B 2011; 115:4583-91. [DOI: 10.1021/jp1113009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Audrey A. Eigner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota—Twin Cities, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Brynna H. Jones
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota—Twin Cities, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Bryce W. Koprucki
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota—Twin Cities, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Aaron M. Massari
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota—Twin Cities, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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Kim J, Kim KH, Kim JG, Kim TW, Kim Y, Ihee H. Anisotropic Picosecond X-ray Solution Scattering from Photo-selectively Aligned Protein Molecules. J Phys Chem Lett 2011; 2:350-356. [PMID: 21643489 PMCID: PMC3106313 DOI: 10.1021/jz101503r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Anisotropic X-ray scattering patterns of transiently aligned protein molecules in solution are measured by using pump-probe X-ray solution scattering. When a linearly polarized laser pulse interacts with an ensemble of molecules, the population of excited molecules is created with their transition dipoles preferentially aligned along the laser polarization direction. We measured the X-ray scattering from the myoglobin protein molecules excited by a linearly polarized, short laser pulse and obtained anisotropic scattering patterns on 100 ps time scale. An anisotropic scattering pattern contains higher structural information content than a typical isotropic pattern available from randomly oriented molecules. In addition, multiple independent diffraction patterns measured by using various laser polarization orientations will give substantially increased amount of structural information compared with a single isotropic pattern. By monitoring the temporal change of the anisotropic scattering pattern from 100 ps to 1 μs, we observed the orientational dynamics of photo-generated myoglobin with the rotational diffusion time of ∼15 ns.
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Rosspeintner A, Griesser M, Matsumoto I, Teki Y, Li G, Nelsen SF, Gescheidt G. EPR and ENDOR Studies of Dimeric Paracyclophane Radical Cations and Dications Containing Tri- and Pentamethylene-Bridged p-Phenylene Diamine Units. J Phys Chem A 2010; 114:6487-92. [DOI: 10.1021/jp100348v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arnulf Rosspeintner
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Technikerstraβe 4/I, A-8010 Graz, Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558 Japan, and Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1396
| | - Markus Griesser
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Technikerstraβe 4/I, A-8010 Graz, Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558 Japan, and Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1396
| | - Isao Matsumoto
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Technikerstraβe 4/I, A-8010 Graz, Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558 Japan, and Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1396
| | - Yoshio Teki
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Technikerstraβe 4/I, A-8010 Graz, Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558 Japan, and Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1396
| | - Gaoquan Li
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Technikerstraβe 4/I, A-8010 Graz, Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558 Japan, and Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1396
| | - Stephen F. Nelsen
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Technikerstraβe 4/I, A-8010 Graz, Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558 Japan, and Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1396
| | - Georg Gescheidt
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Technikerstraβe 4/I, A-8010 Graz, Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558 Japan, and Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1396
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Melnikov A, Ivanov V, Chekalin S. Femtosecond pump-broadband probe study of primary doped polyaniline – The evidence of neutral primary photoexcitations. Chem Phys Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2010.01.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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13
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Melnikov AA, Chekalin SV. Comment on “Ultrafast Dynamics of Polarons in Conductive Polyaniline: Comparison of Primary and Secondary Doped Forms”. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:13454-5. [DOI: 10.1021/jp902776f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Singh PK, Kumbhakar M, Pal H, Nath S. Ultrafast Torsional Dynamics of Protein Binding Dye Thioflavin-T in Nanoconfined Water Pool. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:8532-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jp902207k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Prabhat K. Singh
- Radiation and Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400 085, India
| | - Manoj Kumbhakar
- Radiation and Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400 085, India
| | - Haridas Pal
- Radiation and Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400 085, India
| | - Sukhendu Nath
- Radiation and Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400 085, India
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