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Hoffmann M, Haselberger D, Hofmann T, Müller L, Janson K, Meister A, Das M, Vargas C, Keller S, Kastritis PL, Schmidt C, Hinderberger D. Nanoscale Model System for the Human Myelin Sheath. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:3901-3912. [PMID: 34324309 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders are among the most common diseases in modern society. However, the molecular bases of diseases such as multiple sclerosis or Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease remain far from being fully understood. Research in this field is limited by the complex nature of native myelin and by difficulties in obtaining good in vitro model systems of myelin. Here, we introduce an easy-to-use model system of the myelin sheath that can be used to study myelin proteins in a native-like yet well-controlled environment. To this end, we present myelin-mimicking nanodiscs prepared through one of the amphiphilic copolymers styrene/maleic acid (SMA), diisobutylene/maleic acid (DIBMA), and styrene/maleimide sulfobetaine (SMA-SB). These nanodiscs were tested for their lipid composition using chromatographic (HPLC) and mass spectrometric (MS) methods and, utilizing spin probes within the nanodisc, their comparability with liposomes was studied. In addition, their binding behavior with bovine myelin basic protein (MBP) was scrutinized to ensure that the nanodiscs represent a suitable model system of myelin. Our results suggest that both SMA and SMA-SB are able to solubilize the myelin-like (cytoplasmic) liposomes without preferences for specific lipid headgroups or fatty acyl chains. In nanodiscs of both SMA and SMA-SB (called SMA(-SB)-lipid particles, short SMALPs or SMA-SBLPs, respectively), the polymers restrict the lipids' motion in the hydrophobic center of the bilayer. The headgroups of the lipids, however, are sterically less hindered in nanodiscs when compared with liposomes. Myelin-like SMALPs are able to bind bovine MBP, which can stack the lipid bilayers like in native myelin, showing the usability of these simple, well-controlled systems in further studies of protein-lipid interactions of native myelin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Hoffmann
- Interdisciplinary Research Center HALOmem, Martin Luther University (MLU) Halle-Wittenberg, Charles Tanford Protein Center, Kurt-Mothes-Straße 3a, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.,Institute of Chemistry, Martin Luther University (MLU) Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - David Haselberger
- Interdisciplinary Research Center HALOmem, Martin Luther University (MLU) Halle-Wittenberg, Charles Tanford Protein Center, Kurt-Mothes-Straße 3a, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.,Institute of Chemistry, Martin Luther University (MLU) Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Tommy Hofmann
- Interdisciplinary Research Center HALOmem, Martin Luther University (MLU) Halle-Wittenberg, Charles Tanford Protein Center, Kurt-Mothes-Straße 3a, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.,Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Martin Luther University (MLU) Halle-Wittenberg, Charles Tanford Protein Center, Kurt-Mothes-Straße 3a, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Lisa Müller
- Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University (MLU) Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Straße 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Kevin Janson
- Interdisciplinary Research Center HALOmem, Martin Luther University (MLU) Halle-Wittenberg, Charles Tanford Protein Center, Kurt-Mothes-Straße 3a, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.,Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Martin Luther University (MLU) Halle-Wittenberg, Charles Tanford Protein Center, Kurt-Mothes-Straße 3a, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Annette Meister
- Interdisciplinary Research Center HALOmem, Martin Luther University (MLU) Halle-Wittenberg, Charles Tanford Protein Center, Kurt-Mothes-Straße 3a, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.,Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Martin Luther University (MLU) Halle-Wittenberg, Charles Tanford Protein Center, Kurt-Mothes-Straße 3a, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Manabendra Das
- Molecular Biophysics, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern (TUK), Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße 13, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Carolyn Vargas
- Molecular Biophysics, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern (TUK), Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße 13, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.,Biophysics, Institute of Molecular Biosciences (IMB), NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Humboldtstraße 50/III, 8010 Graz, Austria.,Field of Excellence BioHealth, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria.,BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Sandro Keller
- Molecular Biophysics, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern (TUK), Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße 13, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.,Biophysics, Institute of Molecular Biosciences (IMB), NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Humboldtstraße 50/III, 8010 Graz, Austria.,Field of Excellence BioHealth, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria.,BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Panagiotis L Kastritis
- Interdisciplinary Research Center HALOmem, Martin Luther University (MLU) Halle-Wittenberg, Charles Tanford Protein Center, Kurt-Mothes-Straße 3a, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.,Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Martin Luther University (MLU) Halle-Wittenberg, Charles Tanford Protein Center, Kurt-Mothes-Straße 3a, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Carla Schmidt
- Interdisciplinary Research Center HALOmem, Martin Luther University (MLU) Halle-Wittenberg, Charles Tanford Protein Center, Kurt-Mothes-Straße 3a, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.,Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Martin Luther University (MLU) Halle-Wittenberg, Charles Tanford Protein Center, Kurt-Mothes-Straße 3a, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Dariush Hinderberger
- Interdisciplinary Research Center HALOmem, Martin Luther University (MLU) Halle-Wittenberg, Charles Tanford Protein Center, Kurt-Mothes-Straße 3a, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.,Institute of Chemistry, Martin Luther University (MLU) Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
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2
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Hoffmann M, Eisermann J, Schöffmann FA, Das M, Vargas C, Keller S, Hinderberger D. Influence of different polymer belts on lipid properties in nanodiscs characterized by CW EPR spectroscopy. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2021; 1863:183681. [PMID: 34186033 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2021.183681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
With this study we aim at comparing the well-known lipid membrane model system of liposomes and polymer-encapsulated nanodiscs regarding their lipid properties. Using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and continuous-wave electron paramagnetic resonance (CW EPR) spectroscopy, we characterize the temperature-dependent lipid behavior within 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC) liposomes and nanodiscs made from such liposomes by application of various polymers based on styrene-co-maleic acid (SMA), diisobutylene-alt-maleic acid (DIBMA), and styrene-co-maleic amide sulfobetaine (SMA-SB), a new SMA-derived copolymer containing sulfobetaine side chains. By incorporating a spin label doxyl moiety into the lipid bilayer in position 16 or 5 we were able to study the micropolarity as well as rotational restrictions onto the lipids in the apolar bilayer center and the chain region adjacent to the carbonyl groups, respectively. Our results suggest that all polymers broaden the main melting transition of DMPC, change the water accessibility within the lipid bilayer, and exhibit additional constraints onto the lipids. Independent of the used polymer, the rotational mobility of both spin-labeled lipids decreased with DIBMA exerting less restraints probably due to its aliphatic side chains. Our findings imply that the choice of the solubilizing polymer has to be considered an important step to form lipid nanodiscs which should be included into research of lipid membranes and membrane proteins in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Hoffmann
- Institute of Chemistry, Physical Chemistry - Complex Self-Organizing Systems, Martin Luther University (MLU) Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; Interdisciplinary Research Center HALOmem, Charles Tanford Protein Center, MLU Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 3a, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Jana Eisermann
- Institute of Chemistry, Physical Chemistry - Complex Self-Organizing Systems, Martin Luther University (MLU) Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; Department of Chemistry - Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, 82 Wood Ln, W12 0BZ London, United Kingdom
| | - Florian Arndt Schöffmann
- Institute of Chemistry, Physical Chemistry - Complex Self-Organizing Systems, Martin Luther University (MLU) Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; Interdisciplinary Research Center HALOmem, Charles Tanford Protein Center, MLU Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 3a, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Manabendra Das
- Molecular Biophysics, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern (TUK), Erwin-Schrödinger-Str. 13, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Carolyn Vargas
- Molecular Biophysics, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern (TUK), Erwin-Schrödinger-Str. 13, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany; Biophysics, Institute of Molecular Biosciences (IMB), NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Humboldtstr. 50/III, 8010 Graz, Austria; Field of Excellence BioHealth, University of Graz, Graz, Austria; BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sandro Keller
- Molecular Biophysics, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern (TUK), Erwin-Schrödinger-Str. 13, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany; Biophysics, Institute of Molecular Biosciences (IMB), NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Humboldtstr. 50/III, 8010 Graz, Austria; Field of Excellence BioHealth, University of Graz, Graz, Austria; BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Dariush Hinderberger
- Institute of Chemistry, Physical Chemistry - Complex Self-Organizing Systems, Martin Luther University (MLU) Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; Interdisciplinary Research Center HALOmem, Charles Tanford Protein Center, MLU Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 3a, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
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Schmallegger M, Barbon A, Bortolus M, Chemelli A, Bilkis I, Gescheidt G, Weiner L. Systematic Quantification of Electron Transfer in a Bare Phospholipid Membrane Using Nitroxide-Labeled Stearic Acids: Distance Dependence, Kinetics, and Activation Parameters. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:10429-10437. [PMID: 32787070 PMCID: PMC7586382 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c01585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this report, we present a method to characterize the kinetics of electron transfer across the bilayer of a unilamellar liposome composed of 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine. The method utilizes synthetic phospholipids containing noninvasive nitroxide spin labels having the >N-O• moiety at well-defined distances from the outer surface of the liposome to serve as reporters for their local environment and, at the same time, permit measurement of the kinetics of electron transfer. We used 5-doxyl and 16-doxyl stearic acids. The paramagnetic >N-O• moiety is photo-oxidized to the corresponding diamagnetic oxoammonium cation by a ruthenium electron acceptor formed in the solution. Electron transfer is monitored by three independent spectroscopic methods: by both steady-state and time-resolved electron paramagnetic resonance and by optical spectroscopy. These techniques allowed us to differentiate between the electron transfer rates of nitroxides located in the outer leaflet of the phospholipid bilayer and of those located in the inner leaflet. Measurement of electron transfer rates as a function of temperature revealed a low-activation barrier (ΔG‡ ∼ 40 kJ/mol) that supports a tunneling mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Schmallegger
- Institute
of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz
University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, Graz 8010, Austria
| | - Antonio Barbon
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli
Studi di Padova, Via Marzolo 1, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Marco Bortolus
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli
Studi di Padova, Via Marzolo 1, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Angela Chemelli
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University
of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, Graz 8010, Austria
| | - Itzhak Bilkis
- Faculty
of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Hebrew University, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Georg Gescheidt
- Institute
of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz
University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, Graz 8010, Austria
| | - Lev Weiner
- Department
of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute
of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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Faller R. Molecular modeling of lipid probes and their influence on the membrane. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2016; 1858:2353-2361. [PMID: 26891817 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2016.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2015] [Revised: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
In this review a number of Molecular Dynamics simulation studies are discussed which focus on the understanding of the behavior of lipid probes in biomembranes. Experiments often use specialized probe moieties or molecules to report on the behavior of a membrane and try to gain information on the membrane as a whole from the probe lipids as these probes are the only things an experiment sees. Probes can be used to make NMR, EPR and fluorescence accessible to the membrane and use fluorescent or spin-active moieties for this purpose. Clearly membranes with and without probes are not identical which makes it worthwhile to elucidate the differences between them with detailed atomistic simulations. In almost all cases these differences are confined to the local neighborhood of the probe molecules which are sparsely used and generally present as single molecules. In general, the behavior of the bulk membrane lipids can be qualitatively understood from the probes but in most cases their properties cannot be directly quantitatively deduced from the probe behavior. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Biosimulations edited by Ilpo Vattulainen and Tomasz Róg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland Faller
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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5
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Urbančič I, Ljubetič A, Arsov Z, Strancar J. Coexistence of probe conformations in lipid phases-a polarized fluorescence microspectroscopy study. Biophys J 2014; 105:919-27. [PMID: 23972844 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2013.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Revised: 07/04/2013] [Accepted: 07/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Several well-established fluorescence methods depend on environment-sensitive probes that report about molecular properties of their local environment. For reliable interpretation of experiments, careful characterization of probes' behavior is required. In this study, bleaching-corrected polarized fluorescence microspectroscopy with nanometer spectral peak position resolution was applied to characterize conformations of two alkyl chain-labeled 7-nitro-2-1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl phospholipids in three model membranes, representing the three main lipid phases. The combination of polarized and spectral detection revealed two main probe conformations with their preferential fluorophore dipole orientations roughly parallel and perpendicular to membrane normal. Their peak positions were separated by 2-6 nm because of different local polarities and depended on lipid environment. The relative populations of conformations, estimated by a numerical model, indicated a specific sensitivity of the two probes to molecular packing with cholesterol. The coexistence of probe conformations could be further exploited to investigate membrane organization below microscopy spatial resolution, such as lipid rafts. With the addition of polarized excitation or detection to any environment-sensitive fluorescence imaging technique, the conformational analysis can be directly applied to explore local membrane complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iztok Urbančič
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Condensed Matter Physics Department, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Kemmerer S, Voss JC, Faller R. Molecular dynamics simulation of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine modified with a MTSL nitroxide spin label in a lipid membrane. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2013; 1828:2770-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2013.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Revised: 07/22/2013] [Accepted: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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7
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Kyrychenko A, Ladokhin AS. Molecular dynamics simulations of depth distribution of spin-labeled phospholipids within lipid bilayer. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:5875-85. [PMID: 23614631 DOI: 10.1021/jp4026706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Spin-labeled lipids are commonly used as fluorescence quenchers in studies of membrane penetration of dye-labeled proteins and peptides using depth-dependent quenching. Accurate calculations of depth of the fluorophore rely on the use of several spin labels placed in the membrane at various positions. The depth of the quenchers (spin probes) has to be determined independently; however, experimental determination of transverse distributions of spin probe depths is difficult. In this Article, we use molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to study the membrane behavior and depth distributions of spin-labeled phospholipids in a 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC) bilayer. To probe different depths within the bilayer, a series containing five Doxyl-labeled lipids (n-Doxyl PC) has been studied, in which a spin moiety was covalently attached to nth carbon atoms (where n = 5, 7, 10, 12, and 14) of the sn-2 stearoyl chain of the host phospholipid. Our results demonstrate that the chain-attached spin labels are broadly distributed across the model membrane and their environment is characterized by a high degree of mobility and structural heterogeneity. Despite the high thermal disorder, the depth distributions of the Doxyl labels were found to correlate well with their attachment positions, indicating that the distribution of the spin label within the model membrane is dictated by the depth of the nth lipid carbon atom and not by intrinsic properties of the label. In contrast, a much broader and heterogeneous distribution was observed for a headgroup-attached Tempo spin label of Tempo-PC lipids. MD simulations reveal that, due to the hydrophobic nature, a Tempo moiety favors partitioning from the headgroup region deeper into the membrane. Depending on the concentration of Tempo-PC lipids, the probable depth of the Tempo moiety could span a range from 14.4 to 18.2 Å from the membrane center. Comparison of the MD-estimated immersion depths of Tempo and n-Doxyl labels with their suggested experimental depth positions allows us to review critically the possible sources of error in depth-dependent fluorescence quenching studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Kyrychenko
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160-7421, USA.
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Bonechi C, Martini S, Ciani L, Lamponi S, Rebmann H, Rossi C, Ristori S. Using liposomes as carriers for polyphenolic compounds: the case of trans-resveratrol. PLoS One 2012; 7:e41438. [PMID: 22936976 PMCID: PMC3425584 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0041438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2012] [Accepted: 06/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol (3,5,4′-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene) is a polyphenol found in various plants, especially in the skin of red grapes. The effect of resveratrol on human health is the topic of numerous studies. In fact this molecule has shown anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, blood-sugar-lowering ability and beneficial cardiovascular effects. However, for many polyphenol compounds of natural origin bioavailability is limited by low solubility in biological fluids, as well as by rapid metabolization in vivo. Therefore, appropriate carriers are required to obtain efficient therapeutics along with low administration doses. Liposomes are excellent candidates for drug delivery purposes, due to their biocompatibility, wide choice of physico-chemical properties and easy preparation. In this paper liposome formulations made by a saturated phosphatidyl-choline (DPPC) and cholesterol (or its positively charged derivative DC-CHOL) were chosen to optimize the loading of a rigid hydrophobic molecule such as resveratrol. Plain and resveratrol loaded liposomes were characterized for size, surface charge and structural details by complementary techniques, i.e. Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Zeta potential and Small Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS). Nuclear and Electron Spin magnetic resonances (NMR and ESR, respectively) were also used to gain information at the molecular scale. The obtained results allowed to give an account of loaded liposomes in which resveratrol interacted with the bilayer, being more deeply inserted in cationic liposomes than in zwitterionic liposomes. Relevant properties such as the mean size and the presence of oligolamellar structures were influenced by the loading of RESV guest molecules. The toxicity of all these systems was tested on stabilized cell lines (mouse fibroblast NIH-3T3 and human astrocytes U373-MG), showing that cell viability was not affected by the administration of liposomial resveratrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Bonechi
- Pharmaceutical and Applied Chemistry Departments & CSGI, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Silvia Martini
- Pharmaceutical and Applied Chemistry Departments & CSGI, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Laura Ciani
- Chemistry Department “Ugo Schiff” & CSGI, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Stefania Lamponi
- Pharmaceutical and Applied Chemistry Departments & CSGI, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | | | - Claudio Rossi
- Pharmaceutical and Applied Chemistry Departments & CSGI, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Sandra Ristori
- Chemistry Department “Ugo Schiff” & CSGI, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- * E-mail:
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