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Przygoda M, Bartusik-Aebisher D, Dynarowicz K, Cieślar G, Kawczyk-Krupka A, Aebisher D. Cellular Mechanisms of Singlet Oxygen in Photodynamic Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16890. [PMID: 38069213 PMCID: PMC10706571 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In this review, we delve into the realm of photodynamic therapy (PDT), an established method for combating cancer. The foundation of PDT lies in the activation of a photosensitizing agent using specific wavelengths of light, resulting in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), notably singlet oxygen (1O2). We explore PDT's intricacies, emphasizing its precise targeting of cancer cells while sparing healthy tissue. We examine the pivotal role of singlet oxygen in initiating apoptosis and other cell death pathways, highlighting its potential for minimally invasive cancer treatment. Additionally, we delve into the complex interplay of cellular components, including catalase and NOX1, in defending cancer cells against PDT-induced oxidative and nitrative stress. We unveil an intriguing auto-amplifying mechanism involving secondary singlet oxygen production and catalase inactivation, offering promising avenues for enhancing PDT's effectiveness. In conclusion, our review unravels PDT's inner workings and underscores the importance of selective illumination and photosensitizer properties for achieving precision in cancer therapy. The exploration of cellular responses and interactions reveals opportunities for refining and optimizing PDT, which holds significant potential in the ongoing fight against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Przygoda
- Students English Division Science Club, Medical College of The University of Rzeszów, 35-315 Rzeszów, Poland;
| | - Dorota Bartusik-Aebisher
- Department of Biochemistry and General Chemistry, Medical College of The University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland;
| | - Klaudia Dynarowicz
- Center for Innovative Research in Medical and Natural Sciences, Medical College of The University of Rzeszów, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland;
| | - Grzegorz Cieślar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Batorego 15 Street, 41-902 Bytom, Poland;
| | - Aleksandra Kawczyk-Krupka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Batorego 15 Street, 41-902 Bytom, Poland;
| | - David Aebisher
- Department of Photomedicine and Physical Chemistry, Medical College of The University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
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Durantini AM, Greer A. Interparticle Delivery and Detection of Volatile Singlet Oxygen at Air/Solid Interfaces. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:3559-3567. [PMID: 33660980 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c07922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
An interparticle system has been devised, allowing airborne singlet oxygen to transfer between particle surfaces. Singlet oxygen is photogenerated on a sensitizer particle, where it then travels through air to a second particle bearing an oxidizable compound-a particulate-based approach with some similarities to reactive oxygen quenching in the atmosphere. In atmospheric photochemistry, singlet oxygen is generated by natural particulate matter, but its formation and quenching between particles has until now not been determined. Determining how singlet oxygen reacts on a second surface is useful and was developed by a three-phase system (particle-air-particle) interparticulate photoreaction with tunable quenching properties. We identify singlet oxygen quenching directly by near-IR phosphorescence in the airborne state and at the air/particle interface for total quenching rate constants (kT) of adsorbed anthracene trapping agents. The air/solid interface kT of singlet oxygen by anthracene-coated particles was (2.8 ± 0.8) × 107 g mol-1 s-1 for 9,10-dimethylanthracene and (2.1 ± 0.9) × 107 g mol-1 s-1 for 9,10-anthracene dipropionate dianion, and the lifetime of airborne singlet oxygen was measured to be 550 μs. These real-time interactions and particle-induced quenching steps open up new opportunities for singlet oxygen research of atmospheric and particulate processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés M Durantini
- Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, New York 11210, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Alexander Greer
- Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, New York 11210, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, United States
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3
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Herschmann JR, Ali A, Harris M, McClinton M, Zamadar M. Effect of Toxic Metal Ions on Photosensitized Singlet Oxygen Generation for Photodegradation of Polyaromatic Hydrocarbon Derivatives and Inactivation of Escherichia coli. Photochem Photobiol 2018; 95:823-832. [PMID: 30447175 DOI: 10.1111/php.13050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Here, we report an experimental study of the effect of toxic metal ions on photosensitized singlet oxygen generation for photodegradation of PAH derivatives, Anthracene-9,10-dipropionic acid disodium salt (ADPA) and 1,5-dihydroxynapthalene (DHN) and photoinactivation of Escherichia coli bacteria by using cationic meso-tetra(N-methyl-4-pyridyl)porphine tetrachloride (TMPyP) as a singlet oxygen photosensitizer. Three s-block metals ions, such as Na+ , K+ and Ca2+ and five toxic metals such as Cd2+ , Cu2+ , Hg2+ , Zn2+ and Pb2+ were studied. The s-block metal ions showed no change in the rate of photodegradation of ADPA or DHN by TMPyP, whereas a dramatic change in the photodegradation of ADPA and DHN was observed in the presence of toxic metals. The maximum photodegradation rate constants of ADPA and DHN were observed for Cd2+ ions [(3.91 ± 0.20) × 10-3 s-1 and (7.18 ± 0.35) × 10-4 s-1 , respectively]. Strikingly, the photodegradation of ADPA and DHN was almost completely inhibited in the presence of Hg2+ ions and Cu2+ ions. A complete inhibition of growth of E. coli was observed upon visible light irradiation of E. coli solutions with TMPyP and toxic metal ions particularly, Cd2+ , Hg2+ , Zn2+ and Pb2+ ions, except for Cu2+ ions where a significantly slow inhibition of E. coli's growth was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob R Herschmann
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Stephen F. Austin State University, Nacogdoches, TX
| | - Aqeeb Ali
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Stephen F. Austin State University, Nacogdoches, TX
| | - Michele Harris
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Stephen F. Austin State University, Nacogdoches, TX
| | - Matthew McClinton
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Stephen F. Austin State University, Nacogdoches, TX
| | - Matibur Zamadar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Stephen F. Austin State University, Nacogdoches, TX
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Tambosco B, Segura K, Seyrig C, Cabrera D, Port M, Ferroud C, Amara Z. Outer-Sphere Effects in Visible-Light Photochemical Oxidations with Immobilized and Recyclable Ruthenium Bipyridyl Salts. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b00890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bryan Tambosco
- Equipe de Chimie Moléculaire, EA 7341, Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire, Génie des Procédés Chimiques et Energétiques, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, 2 rue Conté, Paris 75003, France
| | - Kevin Segura
- Equipe de Chimie Moléculaire, EA 7341, Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire, Génie des Procédés Chimiques et Energétiques, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, 2 rue Conté, Paris 75003, France
| | - Chloé Seyrig
- Equipe de Chimie Moléculaire, EA 7341, Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire, Génie des Procédés Chimiques et Energétiques, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, 2 rue Conté, Paris 75003, France
| | - Damien Cabrera
- Equipe de Chimie Moléculaire, EA 7341, Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire, Génie des Procédés Chimiques et Energétiques, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, 2 rue Conté, Paris 75003, France
| | - Marc Port
- Equipe de Chimie Moléculaire, EA 7341, Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire, Génie des Procédés Chimiques et Energétiques, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, 2 rue Conté, Paris 75003, France
| | - Clotilde Ferroud
- Equipe de Chimie Moléculaire, EA 7341, Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire, Génie des Procédés Chimiques et Energétiques, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, 2 rue Conté, Paris 75003, France
| | - Zacharias Amara
- Equipe de Chimie Moléculaire, EA 7341, Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire, Génie des Procédés Chimiques et Energétiques, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, 2 rue Conté, Paris 75003, France
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5
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Walalawela N, Greer A. Heterogeneous photocatayltic deperoxidation with UV and visible light. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.3807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Niluksha Walalawela
- Department of Chemistry; Brooklyn College; New York NY USA
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry; The Graduate Center of the City University of New York; New York NY USA
| | - Alexander Greer
- Department of Chemistry; Brooklyn College; New York NY USA
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry; The Graduate Center of the City University of New York; New York NY USA
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Zhao Y, Liu Y, Xu Q, Barahman M, Bartusik D, Greer A, Lyons AM. Singlet oxygen generation on porous superhydrophobic surfaces: effect of gas flow and sensitizer wetting on trapping efficiency. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:10364-71. [PMID: 24885074 PMCID: PMC4234451 DOI: 10.1021/jp503149x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
We describe physical-organic studies of singlet oxygen generation and transport into an aqueous solution supported on superhydrophobic surfaces on which silicon-phthalocyanine (Pc) particles are immobilized. Singlet oxygen ((1)O2) was trapped by a water-soluble anthracene compound and monitored in situ using a UV-vis spectrometer. When oxygen flows through the porous superhydrophobic surface, singlet oxygen generated in the plastron (i.e., the gas layer beneath the liquid) is transported into the solution within gas bubbles, thereby increasing the liquid-gas surface area over which singlet oxygen can be trapped. Higher photooxidation rates were achieved in flowing oxygen, as compared to when the gas in the plastron was static. Superhydrophobic surfaces were also synthesized so that the Pc particles were located in contact with, or isolated from, the aqueous solution to evaluate the relative effectiveness of singlet oxygen generated in solution and the gas phase, respectively; singlet oxygen generated on particles wetted by the solution was trapped more efficiently than singlet oxygen generated in the plastron, even in the presence of flowing oxygen gas. A mechanism is proposed that explains how Pc particle wetting, plastron gas composition and flow rate as well as gas saturation of the aqueous solution affect singlet oxygen trapping efficiency. These stable superhydrophobic surfaces, which can physically isolate the photosensitizer particles from the solution may be of practical importance for delivering singlet oxygen for water purification and medical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, College of Staten Island, City University of New York , Staten Island, New York 10314, United States
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Abstract
In this review, free-base and metalloporphyrins, functionalized on meso-positions by quaternary pyridinium units, also referred to as cationic porphyrins, are presented. The article consists of five parts. In the first part free-base porphyrins are described, especially taking account on generation of singlet oxygen; next parts concern metalloporphyrins. The second and third parts deal with zinc and manganese porphyrins, respectively; in the fourth part copper, palladium, and platinum porphyrins are presented. In the fifth part, describing porphyrins with various metal ions an attention is paid to porphyrin metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and metal-organic materials (MOMs) in which metalloporphyrins are immobilized; syntheses and characterization of obtained products are shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Girek
- Institute of Chemistry, Environmental Protection and Biotechnology, Jan Dlugosz University in Czestochowa, Armii Krajowej 13/15, 42-200 Czestochowa, Poland
| | - Wanda Sliwa
- Institute of Chemistry, Environmental Protection and Biotechnology, Jan Dlugosz University in Czestochowa, Armii Krajowej 13/15, 42-200 Czestochowa, Poland
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Marydasan B, Nair AK, Ramaiah D. Optimization of triplet excited state and singlet oxygen quantum yields of picolylamine-porphyrin conjugates through zinc insertion. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:13515-22. [PMID: 24063545 DOI: 10.1021/jp407524w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We synthesized a new class of picolylamine-porphyrin conjugates 1-3 and have investigated the effect of heavy atom insertion on their intersystem crossing efficiency through spin-orbit perturbations. By incorporating zinc ions in the core as well as periphery positions of the porphyrin ring, we have successfully optimized their triplet excited state quantum yields and their efficiency to generate singlet oxygen. Uniquely, the picolylamine-porphyrin conjugate 3 having five zinc ions exhibited a triplet excited state quantum yield of ca. 0.97 and a sensitized singlet oxygen generation yield of ca. 0.92. In contrast, the free base porphyrin derivative 1 exhibited ca. 0.64 and 0.5 of the triplet excited state and singlet oxygen quantum yields, respectively. Our results demonstrate that the insertion of zinc metal ions in the picolylamine-porphyrin conjugates not only quantitatively enhances the triplet excited state and singlet oxygen yields but also imparts hydrophilicity, thereby their potential use as sensitizers in photodynamic therapy and green photooxygenation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betsy Marydasan
- Photosciences and Photonics, Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST) , Trivandrum 695019, India
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Bartusik D, Minnis M, Ghosh G, Greer A. Autocatalytic-assisted photorelease of a sensitizer drug bound to a silica support. J Org Chem 2013; 78:8537-44. [PMID: 23899089 DOI: 10.1021/jo401266r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The photorelease of a sensitizer from a fluorinated silica surface occurs by a reaction of singlet oxygen with the vinyl ether bond linker with scission of a dioxetane intermediate. Irradiation of the released sensitizer generates singlet oxygen, which accelerates the release of more sensitizer via an autocatalytic reaction. Sigmoidal behavior of sensitizer release in n-butanol and n-octanol occurs at an optimal temperature of 20 °C. The photorelease efficiency was reduced at low temperatures, where the sensitizer was retained on the surface due to a long-lived dioxetane with inefficient scission, and also reduced at high temperatures, due to a slower reaction of (1)O2 with the vinyl ether bond. Immediate acceleration is a result of released sensitizer being used as a dopant to eliminate the induction step, further implicating an autocatalytic mechanism. However, the sigmoidal sensitizer release was not correlated to solvent viscosity, heat, or light from the dioxetane decomposition or to minor O2 solubility enhancements caused by the fluorinated silica. The mechanistic information collected here can be used to help control the pace of drug release; however, it remains to be seen whether an autocatalytic-based drug delivery system has an advantage to those with non-sigmoidal kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Bartusik
- Department of Chemistry and Graduate Center, City University of New York, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, New York 11210, USA
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10
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Aebisher D, Zamadar M, Mahendran A, Ghosh G, McEntee C, Greer A. Fiber-optic singlet oxygen [1O2 (1Delta(g))] generator device serving as a point selective sterilizer. Photochem Photobiol 2010; 86:890-4. [PMID: 20497367 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2010.00748.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Traditionally, Type II heterogeneous photo-oxidations produce singlet oxygen via external irradiation of a sensitizer and external supply of ground-state oxygen. A potential improvement is reported here. A hollow-core fiber-optic device was developed with an "internal" supply of light and flowing oxygen, and a porous photosensitizer-end capped configuration. Singlet oxygen was delivered through the fiber tip. The singlet oxygen steady-state concentration in the immediate vicinity of the probe tip was ca 20 fm by N-benzoyl-DL-methionine trapping. The device is portable and the singlet oxygen-generating tip is maneuverable, which opened the door to simple disinfectant studies. Complete Escherichia coli inactivation was observed in 2 h when the singlet oxygen sensitizing probe tip was immersed in 0.1 mL aqueous samples of 0.1-4.4 x 10(7) cells. Photobleaching of the probe tip occurred after ca 12 h of use, requiring baking and sensitizer reloading steps for reuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Aebisher
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate Center & The City University of New York, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, NY, USA
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Zamadar M, Aebisher D, Greer A. Singlet oxygen delivery through the porous cap of a hollow-core fiber optic device. J Phys Chem B 2010; 113:15803-6. [PMID: 19929010 DOI: 10.1021/jp907945c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The development of the first photosensitizer/fiber optic device is reported. An oxygen-flowing, fiber-capped configuration is used for the application of heterogeneous, spatially confined singlet oxygen delivery in aqueous media. This is a unique device, unlike other heterogeneous photosensitizers, in which local concentrations of singlet oxygen can be delivered via introduction and withdrawal of the fiber tip.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matibur Zamadar
- Department of Chemistry and Graduate Center, City University of New York, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, New York 11210, USA
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12
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Blanc S, Pigot T, Cugnet C, Brown R, Lacombe S. A new cyanoaromatic photosensitizer vs. 9,10-dicyanoanthracene: systematic comparison of the photophysical properties. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2010; 12:11280-90. [DOI: 10.1039/c002705g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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13
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Lacombe S, Soumillion JP, El Kadib A, Pigot T, Blanc S, Brown R, Oliveros E, Cantau C, Saint-Cricq P. Solvent-free production of singlet oxygen at the gas-solid interface: visible light activated organic-inorganic hybrid microreactors including new cyanoaromatic photosensitizers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2009; 25:11168-11179. [PMID: 19735158 DOI: 10.1021/la901504q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We synthesized new cyanoaromatics, benzo[b]triphenylene-9,14-dicarbonitrile (DBTP) 1a and a graftable derivative, 9,14-dicyanobenzo[b]triphenylene-3-carboxylic acid (DBTP-COOH) 1b, easily prepared from commercial reagents. Their photosensitizing properties were investigated. Hybrid porous silica monoliths loaded with encapsulated 1a or grafted 1b were prepared, and their adsorption, spectroscopic and photosensitizing properties, as well as stability, were compared. Solvent-free, efficient oxidation of dimethylsulfide (DMS) was observed at the gas-solid interface under visible light irradiation. Quantum yields of formation of 1O2 inside the porous monoliths are comparable to those of phenalenone. Singlet oxygen lifetimes (approximately 25 micros) were found to be longer in silica monoliths than in usual polar solvents such as methanol or ethanol. This new class of hybrid materials work as porous, transparent, and highly efficient microreactors for oxidation reactions under visible light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Lacombe
- CNRS, Université de Pau, IPREM-UMR 5254, Helioparc, 2 rue du President Angot, BP 64053, Pau cedex 9, France.
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