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An X, Lee J, Kim GH, Kim HJ, Pyo HJ, Kwon I, Cho H. Modulation of I Ks channel-PIP 2 interaction by PRMT1 plays a critical role in the control of cardiac repolarization. J Cell Physiol 2022; 237:3069-3079. [PMID: 35580065 PMCID: PMC9543859 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) is highly expressed in the human heart, and loss of PRMT1 contributes to cardiac remodeling in the heart failure. However, the functional importance of PRMT1 in cardiac ion channels remains uncertain. The slow activating delayed rectifier K+ (IKs) channel is a cardiac K+ channel composed of KCNQ1 and KCNE1 subunits and is a new therapeutic target for treating lethal arrhythmias in many cardiac pathologies, especially heart failure. Here, we demonstrate that PRMT1 is a critical regulator of the IKs channel and cardiac rhythm. In the guinea pig ventricular myocytes, treatment with furamidine, a PRMT1‐specific inhibitor, prolonged the action potential duration (APD). We further show that this APD prolongation was attributable to IKs reduction. In HEK293T cells expressing human KCNQ1 and KCNE1, inhibiting PRMT1 via furamidine reduced IKs and concurrently decreased the arginine methylation of KCNQ1, a pore‐forming α‐subunit. Evidence presented here indicates that furamidine decreased IKs mainly by lowering the affinity of IKs channels for the membrane phospholipid, phosphatidylinositol 4,5‐bisphosphate (PIP2), which is crucial for pore opening. Finally, applying exogenous PIP2 to cardiomyocytes prevented the furamidine‐induced IKs reduction and APD prolongation. Taken together, these results indicate that PRMT1 positively regulated IKs activity through channel–PIP2 interaction, thereby restricting excessive cardiac action potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue An
- Department of Physiology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Jiwon Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Ga Hye Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hyun-Ji Kim
- Department of Physiology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hyun-Jeong Pyo
- Department of Physiology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Ilmin Kwon
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hana Cho
- Department of Physiology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
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Kim HJ, Jeong MH, Kim KR, Jung CY, Lee SY, Kim H, Koh J, Vuong TA, Jung S, Yang H, Park SK, Choi D, Kim SH, Kang K, Sohn JW, Park JM, Jeon D, Koo SH, Ho WK, Kang JS, Kim ST, Cho H. Protein arginine methylation facilitates KCNQ channel-PIP2 interaction leading to seizure suppression. eLife 2016; 5. [PMID: 27466704 PMCID: PMC4996652 DOI: 10.7554/elife.17159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
KCNQ channels are critical determinants of neuronal excitability, thus emerging as a novel target of anti-epileptic drugs. To date, the mechanisms of KCNQ channel modulation have been mostly characterized to be inhibitory via Gq-coupled receptors, Ca2+/CaM, and protein kinase C. Here we demonstrate that methylation of KCNQ by protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (Prmt1) positively regulates KCNQ channel activity, thereby preventing neuronal hyperexcitability. Prmt1+/- mice exhibit epileptic seizures. Methylation of KCNQ2 channels at 4 arginine residues by Prmt1 enhances PIP2 binding, and Prmt1 depletion lowers PIP2 affinity of KCNQ2 channels and thereby the channel activities. Consistently, exogenous PIP2 addition to Prmt1+/- neurons restores KCNQ currents and neuronal excitability to the WT level. Collectively, we propose that Prmt1-dependent facilitation of KCNQ-PIP2 interaction underlies the positive regulation of KCNQ activity by arginine methylation, which may serve as a key target for prevention of neuronal hyperexcitability and seizures. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.17159.001 In the brain, cells called neurons transmit information along their length in the form of electrical signals. To generate electrical signals, ions move into and out of neurons through ion channel proteins – such as the KCNQ channel – in the surface of these cells, which open and close to control the electrical response of the neuron. Abnormally intense bursts of electrical activity from many neurons at once can cause seizures such as those experienced by people with epilepsy. A significant proportion of patients do not respond to current anti-seizure medications. Openers of KCNQ channels have emerged as a potential new class of anti-epileptic drugs. A better understanding of how KCNQ channels work, and how their opening by PIP2lipid signals is regulated, could help to develop more effective therapies for epilepsy. A process called methylation controls many biological tasks by changing the structure of key proteins inside cells. Although methylation occurs throughout the brain, its role in controlling how easily neurons are activated (a property known as “excitability”) remains unclear. Kim, Jeong, Kim, Jung et al. now show that a protein called Prmt1 methylates the KCNQ channels in mice, and that this methylation is essential for suppressing seizures. Mice born without the Prmt1 protein developed epileptic seizures and the KCNQ channels in their neurons featured a reduced level of methylation. However, increasing the amount of PIP2 in these neurons restored their excitability back to normal levels. The methylation of KCNQ channel proteins increases their affinity for PIP2, which is critical to open KCNQ channels. Kim et al. propose that these “opening” controllers balance the action of known “closers” of KCNQ channels to maintain neurons in a healthy condition. In future, Kim et al. plan to investigate whether methylation affects the activity of other ion channels controlled by PIP2. Such experiments will complement a more widespread investigation into other ways in which the Prtmt1 protein may control the activity of neurons. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.17159.002
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Ji Kim
- Department of Physiology, Samsung Biomedical Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Myong-Ho Jeong
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Biomedical Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Kyung-Ran Kim
- Department of Physiology and bioMembrane Plasticity Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Neuroscience Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang-Yun Jung
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Biomedical Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Seul-Yi Lee
- Department of Physiology, Samsung Biomedical Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hanna Kim
- Department of Physiology, Samsung Biomedical Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Jewoo Koh
- Department of Physiology, Samsung Biomedical Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Tuan Anh Vuong
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Biomedical Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Seungmoon Jung
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyunwoo Yang
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Su-Kyung Park
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Biomedical Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Dahee Choi
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Biomedical Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.,Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Hun Kim
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - KyeongJin Kang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Jong-Woo Sohn
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Joo Min Park
- Center for Cognition and Sociality, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Daejong Jeon
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Advanced Neural Technologies, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hoi Koo
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won-Kyung Ho
- Department of Physiology and bioMembrane Plasticity Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Neuroscience Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong-Sun Kang
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Biomedical Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Seong-Tae Kim
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Biomedical Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hana Cho
- Department of Physiology, Samsung Biomedical Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
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Tao H, Shi KH, Yang JJ, Huang C, Liu LP, Li J. Epigenetic regulation of cardiac fibrosis. Cell Signal 2013; 25:1932-8. [PMID: 23602934 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2013.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2013] [Revised: 03/01/2013] [Accepted: 03/28/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is characterized by excessive extracellular matrix accumulation that ultimately destroys tissue architecture and eventually abolishes normal function. In recent years, despite the underlying mechanisms of cardiac fibrosis are still unknown, numerous studies suggest that epigenetic modifications impact on the development of cardiac fibrosis. Epigenetic modifications control cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, and so on. Epigenetic modifications contain three main processes: DNA methylation, histone modifications, and silencing by microRNAs. We here outline the recent work pertaining to epigenetic changes in cardiac fibrosis. This review focuses on the epigenetic regulation of cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Tao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
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