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Feuerstein W, Holzer C, Gui X, Neumeier L, Klopper W, Breher F. Synthesis of New Donor-Substituted Biphenyls: Pre-ligands for Highly Luminescent (C^C^D) Gold(III) Pincer Complexes. Chemistry 2020; 26:17156-17164. [PMID: 32735695 PMCID: PMC7821303 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We herein report on new synthetic strategies for the preparation of pyridine and imidazole substituted 2,2'-dihalo biphenyls. These structures are pre-ligands suitable for the preparation of respective stannoles. The latter can successfully be transmetalated to K[AuCl4 ] forming non-palindromic [(C^C^D)AuIII ] pincer complexes featuring a lateral pyridine (D=N) or N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC, D=C') donor. The latter is the first report on a pincer complex with two formally anionic sp2 and one carbenic carbon donor. The [(C^C^D)AuIII ] complexes show intense phosphorescence in solution at room temperature. We discuss the developed multistep strategy and touch upon synthetic challenges. The prepared complexes have been fully characterized including X-ray diffraction analysis. The gold(III) complexes' photophysical properties have been investigated by absorption and emission spectroscopy as well as quantum chemical calculations on the quasi-relativistic two-component TD-DFT and GW/Bethe-Salpeter level including spin-orbit coupling. Thus, we shed light on the electronic influence of the non-palindromic pincer ligand and reveal non-radiative relaxation pathways of the different ligands employed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfram Feuerstein
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of, Technology (KIT)Engesserstr. 1576131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Christof Holzer
- Institute of Theoretical Solid State PhysicsKarlsruhe Institute of, Technology (KIT)Wolfgang-Gaede-Straße 176131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Xin Gui
- Institute of Physical ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of, Technology (KIT)Fritz-Haber-Weg 276131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Lilly Neumeier
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of, Technology (KIT)Engesserstr. 1576131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Wim Klopper
- Institute of Physical ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of, Technology (KIT)Fritz-Haber-Weg 276131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Frank Breher
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of, Technology (KIT)Engesserstr. 1576131KarlsruheGermany
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2
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Feuerstein W, Breher F. Synthetic access to a phosphorescent non-palindromic pincer complex of palladium by a double oxidative addition – comproportionation sequence. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:12589-12592. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc04065g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
A highly phosphorescent non-palindromic (C^C^N) palladium complex may be prepared by means of a double oxidative addition – comproportionation sequence, which is a new approach for the synthesis of non-palindromic pincer complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfram Feuerstein
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- Division Molecular Chemistry
- 76131 Karlsruhe
- Germany
| | - Frank Breher
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- Division Molecular Chemistry
- 76131 Karlsruhe
- Germany
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3
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Fernandez-Cestau J, Bertrand B, Pintus A, Bochmann M. Synthesis, Structures, and Properties of Luminescent (C∧N∧C)gold(III) Alkyl Complexes: Correlation between Photoemission Energies and C–H Acidity. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Benoı̂t Bertrand
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ. U.K
| | - Anna Pintus
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ. U.K
| | - Manfred Bochmann
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ. U.K
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4
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Cyclometallierte AuIII
-Komplexe: Synthese, Reaktivität und physikalisch-chemische Eigenschaften. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201607225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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5
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Kumar R, Nevado C. Cyclometalated Gold(III) Complexes: Synthesis, Reactivity, and Physicochemical Properties. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:1994-2015. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201607225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roopender Kumar
- Department of Chemistry; University of Zürich; Winterthurerstrasse 180 CH-8057 Switzerland
| | - Cristina Nevado
- Department of Chemistry; University of Zürich; Winterthurerstrasse 180 CH-8057 Switzerland
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6
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López-de-Luzuriaga JM, Monge M, Olmos ME. Luminescent aryl–group eleven metal complexes. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:2046-2067. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt04386k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This perspective highlights the recent developments in the study of the photoluminescent properties of aryl–group eleven complexes. Related properties and applications such as electroluminescence, triboluminescence, mechanochromism, luminescent liquid crystals, low molecular weight gelators and photocatalysts are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M. López-de-Luzuriaga
- Departamento de Química
- Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química (CISQ)
- Universidad de La Rioja, Complejo Científico-Tecnoloǵico
- 26006 – Logroño
- Spain
| | - Miguel Monge
- Departamento de Química
- Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química (CISQ)
- Universidad de La Rioja, Complejo Científico-Tecnoloǵico
- 26006 – Logroño
- Spain
| | - M. Elena Olmos
- Departamento de Química
- Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química (CISQ)
- Universidad de La Rioja, Complejo Científico-Tecnoloǵico
- 26006 – Logroño
- Spain
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7
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Fernández-Moreira V, Cámara J, Smirnova ES, Koshevoy IO, Laguna A, Tunik SP, Blanco MC, Gimeno MC. Tuning the Energy Emission from Violet to Yellow with Bidentate Phosphine Gold(III) Complexes. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vanesa Fernández-Moreira
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis
Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jéssica Cámara
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis
Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ekaterina S. Smirnova
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis
Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab., 7/9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Igor O. Koshevoy
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, 80101, Finland
| | - Antonio Laguna
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis
Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Sergey P. Tunik
- St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab., 7/9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - M. Carmen Blanco
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis
Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro
Universitario de la Defensa, Academia General Militar, Ctra. de Huesca
s/n, 50090 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - M. Concepción Gimeno
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis
Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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8
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Kumar R, Linden A, Nevado C. Luminescent (N^C^C) Gold(III) Complexes: Stabilized Gold(III) Fluorides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:14287-90. [PMID: 26439538 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201505533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
We report the design, synthesis, and application of a (N^C^C)-ligand framework able to stabilize highly electron-deprived gold(III) species. This novel platform enabled the preparation of C(sp(2))-gold(III) fluorides for the first time in monomeric, easy-to-handle, bench-stable form by a Cl/F ligand-exchange reaction. Devoid of oxidative conditions or stoichiometric use of toxic Hg salts, this method was applied to the preparation of multiple [C(sp(2))-Au(III)-F] complexes, which were used as mechanistic probes for the study of the unique properties and intrinsic reactivity of Au-F bonds. The improved photophysical properties of [(N^C^C)Au(III)] complexes compared to classical pincer (C^N^C)-Au systems paves the way for the design of new late-transition-metal-based OLEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roopender Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 180, 8057 Zürich (Switzerland)
| | - Anthony Linden
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 180, 8057 Zürich (Switzerland)
| | - Cristina Nevado
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 180, 8057 Zürich (Switzerland).
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9
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Kumar R, Linden A, Nevado C. Luminescent (N^C^C) Gold(III) Complexes: Stabilized Gold(III) Fluorides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201505533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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10
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Valencia I, Ávila-Torres Y, Barba-Behrens N, Garzón IL. Circular dichroism and optical absorption spectra of mononuclear and trinuclear chiral Cu(II) amino-alcohol coordinated compounds: A combined theoretical and experimental study. J Mol Struct 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2014.12.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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11
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Lam ESH, Lam WH, Yam VWW. A Study on the Effect of Dianionic Tridentate Ligands on the Radiative and Nonradiative Processes for Gold(III) Alkynyl Systems by a Computational Approach. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:3624-30. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b00215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Suk-Hang Lam
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Wai Han Lam
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Vivian Wing-Wah Yam
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P. R. China
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12
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Herbst A, Bronner C, Dechambenoit P, Wenger OS. Gold Complexes with Tridentate Cyclometalating and NHC Ligands: A Search for New Photoluminescent Gold(III) Compounds. Organometallics 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/om301226b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Annika Herbst
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August Universität, Tammannstrasse
4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Catherine Bronner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August Universität, Tammannstrasse
4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Departement für Chemie, Universität Basel, St. Johanns-Ring
19, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pierre Dechambenoit
- Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, Université de Bordeaux & CNRS, UPR 8641, 115 avenue du Dr. A. Schweitzer, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Oliver S. Wenger
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August Universität, Tammannstrasse
4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Departement für Chemie, Universität Basel, St. Johanns-Ring
19, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
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13
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Smith DA, Roşca DA, Bochmann M. Selective Au–C Cleavage in (C∧N∧C)Au(III) Aryl and Alkyl Pincer Complexes. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om300666j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan A. Smith
- Wolfson Materials and Catalysis Centre, School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, U.K
| | - Dragoş-Adrian Roşca
- Wolfson Materials and Catalysis Centre, School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, U.K
| | - Manfred Bochmann
- Wolfson Materials and Catalysis Centre, School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, U.K
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14
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Lu W, Chan KT, Wu SX, Chen Y, Che CM. Quest for an intermolecular Au(iii)⋯Au(iii) interaction between cyclometalated gold(iii) cations. Chem Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2sc00947a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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15
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Yang B, Zhang Q, Zhong J, Huang S, Zhang HX. Ab initio and DFT study of luminescent cyclometalated N-heterocyclic carbene organogold(III) complexes. J Mol Model 2011; 18:2543-51. [PMID: 22038458 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-011-1261-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2011] [Accepted: 09/27/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
The structures of versatile N-heterocyclic carbene-containing Au(III) complexes in the ground and low-lying excited states have been optimized at the B3LYP functional and the single-excitation configuration interaction (CIS) method, respectively. The spectral properties are predicted with time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT). In addition, the charge transport quality has been estimated approximately by the predicted reorganization energy (λ). As revealed from the calculations, the introduction of methyl has a bigger influence on the spectral properties than phenyl. Furthermore, we find that changing the auxiliary ligand could tune the charge transfer properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baozhu Yang
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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16
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Koga Y, Kamo M, Yamada Y, Matsumoto T, Matsubara K. Synthesis, Structures, and Unique Luminescent Properties of Tridentate C∧C∧N Cyclometalated Complexes of Iridium. Eur J Inorg Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201100055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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17
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Hu B, Zhang J, Chen Y. Theoretical investigation on the white-light emission from a single-polymer system with simultaneous blue and orange emission (Part II). Eur Polym J 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2010.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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18
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