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Samuvel Michael D, Serangolam Krishnasami S, Vijay Solomon R. A two-step MM and QM/MM approach to model AIEE of aryloxy benzothiadiazole derivatives for optoelectronic applications. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:4051-4064. [PMID: 35103729 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05225j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Aryloxy-benzothiadiazole (ArO-Btz) derivatives show aggregation-induced enhanced emission (AIEE) in the solid-state and are promising candidates for optoelectronic applications. However, understanding the AIEE is a challenging task and is necessary for the rational molecular design of emitters. Therefore, in the present study, electron acceptors (-F, -CN, -NO2, and -COOH) on the benzothiadiazole ring have been screened for emission in solution and aggregated phases. Herein, we report QM (DFT/TDDFT) and ONIOM (QM/MM) studies on the four ArO-Btz derivatives in comparison with the parent molecule with typical characteristics of AIEE, optoelectronic and non-linear optical properties. Starting from the optimized crystal structure of the parent compound, the structures of the designed clusters have been pre-optimized with MM and then with QM/MM to explore their absorption and emission in the solid phase. The results indicate that in the aggregated phase, the surrounding environment reduces intra-molecular rotations and molecular motion that lead to enhanced emission. Natural bond orbital (NBO) analyses reveal that the ground state structure is stabilized from electron delocalization and operative push-pull effects. Interestingly, nitro-benzothiadiazole exhibits prominent AIEE phenomena, with an emission wavelength beyond 700 nm in solution and in the cluster, reinforced by the magnification of its oscillatory strength by 100 times when aggregated. This dinitro-aryloxy-benzothiadiazole derivative is proposed as a near-infrared emitter for dye-sensitized solar cell, optoelectronic, and non-linear optical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Samuvel Michael
- Department of Chemistry, Madras Christian College (Autonomous) [Affiliated to the University of Madras], East Tambaram, Chennai - 600 059, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Sridhar Serangolam Krishnasami
- Department of Chemistry, Madras Christian College (Autonomous) [Affiliated to the University of Madras], East Tambaram, Chennai - 600 059, Tamil Nadu, India. .,Department of Chemistry, Government Arts College (Autonomous) [Affiliated to the University of Madras], Nandanam, Chennai - 600 035, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rajadurai Vijay Solomon
- Department of Chemistry, Madras Christian College (Autonomous) [Affiliated to the University of Madras], East Tambaram, Chennai - 600 059, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Cao C, Zeng Z, Cao C. A new insight into the push‐pull effect of substituents via the stilbene‐like model compounds. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.4319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chaotun Cao
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Function Molecule, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan University of Science and Technology Xiangtan China
| | - Zhao Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Function Molecule, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan University of Science and Technology Xiangtan China
| | - Chenzhong Cao
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Function Molecule, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan University of Science and Technology Xiangtan China
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Tendera L, Helm M, Krahfuss MJ, Kuntze-Fechner MW, Radius U. Case Study of N- i Pr versus N-Mes Substituted NHC Ligands in Nickel Chemistry: The Coordination and Cyclotrimerization of Alkynes at [Ni(NHC) 2 ]. Chemistry 2021; 27:17849-17861. [PMID: 34713939 PMCID: PMC9299202 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
A case study on the effect of the employment of two different NHC ligands in complexes [Ni(NHC)2] (NHC=iPr2ImMe1Me, Mes2Im 2) and their behavior towards alkynes is reported. The reaction of a mixture of [Ni2(iPr2ImMe)4(μ‐(η2 : η2)‐COD)] B/ [Ni(iPr2ImMe)2(η4‐COD)] B’ or [Ni(Mes2Im)2] 2, respectively, with alkynes afforded complexes [Ni(NHC)2(η2‐alkyne)] (NHC=iPr2ImMe: alkyne=MeC≡CMe 3, H7C3C≡CC3H74, PhC≡CPh 5, MeOOCC≡CCOOMe 6, Me3SiC≡CSiMe37, PhC≡CMe 8, HC≡CC3H79, HC≡CPh 10, HC≡C(p‐Tol) 11, HC≡C(4‐tBu‐C6H4) 12, HC≡CCOOMe 13; NHC=Mes2Im: alkyne=MeC≡CMe 14, MeOOCC≡CCOOMe 15, PhC≡CMe 16, HC≡C(4‐tBu‐C6H4) 17, HC≡CCOOMe 18). Unusual rearrangement products 11 a and 12 a were identified for the complexes of the terminal alkynes HC≡C(p‐Tol) and HC≡C(4‐tBu‐C6H4), 11 and 12, which were formed by addition of a C−H bond of one of the NHC N‐iPr methyl groups to the C≡C triple bond of the coordinated alkyne. Complex 2 catalyzes the cyclotrimerization of 2‐butyne, 4‐octyne, diphenylacetylene, dimethyl acetylendicarboxylate, 1‐pentyne, phenylacetylene and methyl propiolate at ambient conditions, whereas 1Me is not a good catalyst. The reaction of 2 with 2‐butyne was monitored in some detail, which led to a mechanistic proposal for the cyclotrimerization at [Ni(NHC)2]. DFT calculations reveal that the differences between 1Me and 2 for alkyne cyclotrimerization lie in the energy profile of the initiation steps, which is very shallow for 2, and each step is associated with only a moderate energy change. The higher stability of 3 compared to 14 is attributed to a better electron transfer from the NHC to the metal to the alkyne ligand for the N‐alkyl substituted NHC, to enhanced Ni‐alkyne backbonding due to a smaller CNHC−Ni−CNHC bite angle, and to less steric repulsion of the smaller NHC iPr2ImMe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Tendera
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Moritz Helm
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Mirjam J Krahfuss
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian W Kuntze-Fechner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Udo Radius
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
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Dereka B, Rosspeintner A, Svechkarev D, Vauthey E. Comment on "Theoretical Insights into the Excited State Decays of a Donor-Acceptor Dyad: Is the Twisted and Rehybridized Intramolecular Charge-Transfer State Involved?". J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:10578-10581. [PMID: 33169608 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c06526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Dereka
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, and James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Arnulf Rosspeintner
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Denis Svechkarev
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Eric Vauthey
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
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Kleinpeter E, Koch A. The 13 C chemical shift and the anisotropy effect of the carbene electron-deficient centre: Simple means to characterize the electron distribution of carbenes. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2020; 58:280-292. [PMID: 31828861 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.4979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Both the 13 C chemical shift and the calculated anisotropy effect (spatial magnetic properties) of the electron-deficient centre of stable, crystalline, and structurally characterized carbenes have been employed to unequivocally characterize potential resonance contributors to the present mesomerism (carbene, ylide, betaine, and zwitter ion) and to determine quantitatively the electron deficiency of the corresponding carbene carbon atom. Prior to that, both structures and 13 C chemical shifts were calculated and compared with the experimental δ(13 C)/ppm values and geometry parameters (as a quality criterion for obtained structures).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andreas Koch
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
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Kleinpeter E, Klaumünzer U. Quantification of the push–pull Effect in disubstituted alkynes – Application of occupation quotients π*/π and 13C chemical shift differences ΔδCC. J Mol Struct 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2014.05.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Uhl W, Tannert J, Layh M, Hepp A, Grimme S, Risthaus T. Cooperative Ge–N Bond Activation in Hydrogallation Products of Alkynyl(diethylamino)germanes (Et2N)nGe(C≡CtBu)4–n. Organometallics 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/om400543v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Werner Uhl
- Institut für Anorganische
und Analytische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, D-48149 Münster,
Germany
| | - Jens Tannert
- Institut für Anorganische
und Analytische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, D-48149 Münster,
Germany
| | - Marcus Layh
- Institut für Anorganische
und Analytische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, D-48149 Münster,
Germany
| | - Alexander Hepp
- Institut für Anorganische
und Analytische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, D-48149 Münster,
Germany
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center
for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut
für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Bonn, Beringstraße 4, D-53115 Bonn,
Germany
| | - Tobias Risthaus
- Mulliken Center
for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut
für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Bonn, Beringstraße 4, D-53115 Bonn,
Germany
- International NRW Graduate School of Chemistry, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße
10, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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K R, Swathi RS. Host–Guest Interactions in the Confined Geometries Formed from Molecular Aggregates of Push–Pull Molecules. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:5794-801. [DOI: 10.1021/jp404432w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rohini K
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India 695016
| | - R. S. Swathi
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India 695016
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Baranac-Stojanović M, Kleinpeter E. Quantification of the Aromaticity of 2-Alkylidenethiazolines Subjected to Push–Pull Activity. J Org Chem 2011; 76:3861-71. [DOI: 10.1021/jo200294f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marija Baranac-Stojanović
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, P.O. Box 158, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Center for Chemistry ICTM, P.O. Box 473, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Chemisches Institut der Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht Strasse 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam (Golm), Germany
| | - Erich Kleinpeter
- Chemisches Institut der Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht Strasse 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam (Golm), Germany
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Kleinpeter E, Bölke U, Koch A. Subtle Trade-off Existing between (Anti)Aromaticity, Push−Pull Interaction, Keto−Enol Tautomerism, and Steric Hindrance When Defining the Electronic Properties of Conjugated Structures. J Phys Chem A 2010; 114:7616-23. [DOI: 10.1021/jp103353y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erich Kleinpeter
- Universität Potsdam, Institut für Chemie, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam(Golm), Germany
| | - Ute Bölke
- Universität Potsdam, Institut für Chemie, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam(Golm), Germany
| | - Andreas Koch
- Universität Potsdam, Institut für Chemie, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam(Golm), Germany
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11
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Kleinpeter E, Bölke U, Kreicberga J. Quantification of the push–pull character of azo dyes and a basis for their evaluation as potential nonlinear optical materials. Tetrahedron 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2010.04.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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12
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TÜRKER LEMI, BAYAR ÇAĞLARÇELIK, BALABAN ALEXANDRUT. A DFT Study on Push-Pull (Amino-Nitro) Fulminenes and Hexahelicenes. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/10406631003756005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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13
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Jaramillo C, Guerra D, Moreno LF, Restrepo A. Competitive Substituent Effects on the Reactivity of Aromatic Rings. J Phys Chem A 2010; 114:6033-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9118919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cinthia Jaramillo
- Grupo de Química-Física Teórica, Instituto de Química, Universidad de Antioquia, AA 1226 Medellín, Colombia
| | - Doris Guerra
- Grupo de Química-Física Teórica, Instituto de Química, Universidad de Antioquia, AA 1226 Medellín, Colombia
| | - Luis Fernando Moreno
- Grupo de Química-Física Teórica, Instituto de Química, Universidad de Antioquia, AA 1226 Medellín, Colombia
| | - Albeiro Restrepo
- Grupo de Química-Física Teórica, Instituto de Química, Universidad de Antioquia, AA 1226 Medellín, Colombia
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Kleinpeter E, Koch A. π-Delocalization in Oligoalkynes Induced by Push−Pull Substituents and 1,3-Conjugation: A Combined 13C NMR and Computational Study. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:10852-7. [DOI: 10.1021/jp905873f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erich Kleinpeter
- Chemisches Institut, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam(Golm), Germany
| | - Andreas Koch
- Chemisches Institut, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam(Golm), Germany
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