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Forgy CC, Schlimgen AW, Mazziotti DA. Effects of nitrogenous substituent groups on the benzene dication. Mol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2018.1430386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. C. Forgy
- Department of Chemistry and the James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - A. W. Schlimgen
- Department of Chemistry and the James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - D. A. Mazziotti
- Department of Chemistry and the James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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Cernuto A, Lopes A, Romanzin C, Cunha de Miranda B, Ascenzi D, Tosi P, Tonachini G, Maranzana A, Polášek M, Žabka J, Alcaraz C. Effects of collision energy and vibrational excitation of CH 3+ cations on its reactivity with hydrocarbons: But-2-yne CH 3CCCH 3 as reagent partner. J Chem Phys 2017; 147:154302. [PMID: 29055295 DOI: 10.1063/1.4990514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The methyl carbocation is ubiquitous in gaseous environments, such as planetary ionospheres, cometary comae, and the interstellar medium, as well as combustion systems and plasma setups for technological applications. Here we report on a joint experimental and theoretical study on the mechanism of the reaction CH3+ + CH3CCCH3 (but-2-yne, also known as dimethylacetylene), by combining guided ion beam mass spectrometry experiments with ab initio calculations of the potential energy hypersurface. Such a reaction is relevant in understanding the chemical evolution of Saturn's largest satellite, Titan. Two complementary setups have been used: in one case, methyl cations are generated via electron ionization, while in the other case, direct vacuum ultraviolet photoionization with synchrotron radiation of methyl radicals is used to study internal energy effects on the reactivity. Absolute reactive cross sections have been measured as a function of collision energy, and product branching ratios have been derived. The two most abundant products result from electron and hydride transfer, occurring via direct and barrierless mechanisms, while other channels are initiated by the electrophilic addition of the methyl cation to the triple bond of but-2-yne. Among the minor channels, special relevance is placed on the formation of C5H7+, stemming from H2 loss from the addition complex. This is the only observed condensation product with the formation of new C-C bonds, and it might represent a viable pathway for the synthesis of complex organic species in astronomical environments and laboratory plasmas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Cernuto
- Department of Physics, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 14, Trento I-38123, Italy
| | - Allan Lopes
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, Bât. 350, UMR 8000, CNRS-Univ. Paris-Sud 11 and Paris Saclay, Centre Universitaire Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Claire Romanzin
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, Bât. 350, UMR 8000, CNRS-Univ. Paris-Sud 11 and Paris Saclay, Centre Universitaire Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | | | - Daniela Ascenzi
- Department of Physics, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 14, Trento I-38123, Italy
| | - Paolo Tosi
- Department of Physics, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 14, Trento I-38123, Italy
| | - Glauco Tonachini
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via Pietro Giuria, 7, Torino I-10125, Italy
| | - Andrea Maranzana
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via Pietro Giuria, 7, Torino I-10125, Italy
| | - Miroslav Polášek
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Dolejškova 3, 182 23 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Žabka
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Dolejškova 3, 182 23 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Christian Alcaraz
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, Bât. 350, UMR 8000, CNRS-Univ. Paris-Sud 11 and Paris Saclay, Centre Universitaire Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
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Price SD, Fletcher JD, Gossan FE, Parkes MA. Bimolecular reactions of the dications and trications of atoms and small molecules in the gas-phase. INT REV PHYS CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/0144235x.2017.1283844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Polášek M, Zins EL, Alcaraz C, Žabka J, Křížová V, Giacomozzi L, Tosi P, Ascenzi D. Selective Generation of the Radical Cation Isomers [CH3CN](•+) and [CH2CNH](•+) via VUV Photoionization of Different Neutral Precursors and Their Reactivity with C2H4. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:5041-52. [PMID: 26890990 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b12757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Experimental and theoretical studies have been carried out to demonstrate the selective generation of two different C2H3N(+) isomers, namely, the acetonitrile [CH3CN](•+) and the ketenimine [CH2CNH](•+) radical cations. Photoionization and dissociative photoionization experiments from different neutral precursors (acetonitrile and butanenitrile) have been performed using vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) synchrotron radiation in the 10-15 eV energy range, delivered by the DESIRS beamline at the SOLEIL storage ring. For butanenitrile (CH3CH2CH2CN) an experimental ionization threshold of 11.29 ± 0.05 eV is obtained, whereas the appearance energy for the formation of [CH2CNH](•+) fragments is 11.52 ± 0.05 eV. Experimental findings are fully supported by theoretical calculations at the G4 level of theory (ZPVE corrected energies at 0 K), giving a value of 11.33 eV for the adiabatic ionization energy of butanenitrile and an exothermicity of 0.49 for fragmentation into [CH2CNH](•+) plus C2H4, hampered by an energy barrier of 0.29 eV. The energy difference between [CH3CN](•+) and [CH2CNH](•+) is 2.28 eV (with the latter being the lowest energy isomer), and the isomerization barrier is 0.84 eV. Reactive monitoring experiments of the [CH3CN](•+) and [CH2CNH](•+) isomers with C2H4 have been performed using the CERISES guided ion beam tandem mass spectrometer and exploiting the selectivity of ethylene that gives exothermic charge exchange and proton transfer reactions with [CH3CN](•+) but not with [CH2CNH](•+) isomers. In addition, minor reactive channels are observed leading to the formation of new C-C bonds upon reaction of [CH3CN](•+) with C2H4, and their astrochemical implications are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Polášek
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , Dolejškova 2155/3, 18223 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Emilie-Laure Zins
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, MONARIS, UMR 8233, Université Pierre et Marie Curie , 4 Place Jussieu, case courrier 49, F-75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Christian Alcaraz
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, Bât. 350, UMR 8000, CNRS-Univ. Paris-Sud & Paris-Saclay , Centre Universitaire Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France.,Synchrotron SOLEIL , L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin - BP 48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Ján Žabka
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , Dolejškova 2155/3, 18223 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Věra Křížová
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , Dolejškova 2155/3, 18223 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Linda Giacomozzi
- Department of Physics, University of Trento , Via Sommarive 14, 38123 Povo, Italy
| | - Paolo Tosi
- Department of Physics, University of Trento , Via Sommarive 14, 38123 Povo, Italy
| | - Daniela Ascenzi
- Department of Physics, University of Trento , Via Sommarive 14, 38123 Povo, Italy
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Shaffer CJ, Schröder D, Alcaraz C, Žabka J, Zins EL. Reactions of Doubly Ionized Benzene with Nitrogen and Water: A Nitrogen-Mediated Entry into Superacid Chemistry. Chemphyschem 2012; 13:2688-98. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201200313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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6
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Unimolecular dissociation of doubly ionized toluene and electron transfer between neutral toluene and its dication. Chem Phys Lett 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2012.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Schröder D. Energy partitioning in single-electron transfer events between gaseous dications and their neutral counterparts. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY (CHICHESTER, ENGLAND) 2012; 18:139-148. [PMID: 22641725 DOI: 10.1255/ejms.1161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Electron-transfer reactions between hydrocarbon dications and neutral hydrocarbons lead to an unequal deposition of the excess energy from the reaction in the pair of monocations formed. The initial observation of this phenomenon was explained by the different states accessible upon single-electron capture by a dication compared to single-electron ejection from a neutral compound. Alternatively, however, isomeric structures of the dicationic species, pronounced Franck-Condon effects, as well as excess energy in the dicationic precursors could cause the asymmetric energy partitioning in such dication/neutral collisions. Here, the investigation of this phenomenon in an interdisciplinary cooperation is described, shedding light not only upon a possible solution of the problem at hand, but also providing an example for the synergistic benefits of international research networks applying complementary approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Detlef Schröder
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Prague, Czech Republic.
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Zins EL, Milko P, Schröder D, Aysina J, Ascenzi D, Žabka J, Alcaraz C, Price SD, Roithová J. Formation of Organoxenon Dications in the Reactions of Xenon with Dications Derived from Toluene. Chemistry 2011; 17:4012-20. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201002556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Lockyear JF, Ricketts CL, Parkes MA, Price SD. The formation of NH+following the reaction of N22+with H2. Chem Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0sc00344a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Ascenzi D, Aysina J, Zins EL, Schröder D, Žabka J, Alcaraz C, Price SD, Roithová J. Double ionization of cycloheptatriene and the reactions of the resulting C7Hn2+ dications (n = 6, 8) with xenon. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:18330-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cp21634a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Zins EL, Schröder D. Carbon−Carbon Coupling Reactions of Medium-Sized Nitrogen-Containing Dications. J Phys Chem A 2010; 114:5989-96. [DOI: 10.1021/jp100852q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emilie-Laure Zins
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo náměstí 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Detlef Schröder
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo náměstí 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
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