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Shao K, Sun G, Gomez M, Liu X, Zhang J. Flash pyrolysis vacuum ultraviolet photoionization mass spectrometry of cycloheptane: A study of the initial decomposition mechanism. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY (CHICHESTER, ENGLAND) 2023; 29:88-96. [PMID: 36471586 DOI: 10.1177/14690667221142699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Thermal decomposition of cycloheptane was studied using flash pyrolysis coupled with vacuum ultraviolet (118.2 nm) single photon ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry at temperatures ranging from 295 K to 1380 K. C-C bond breaking of cycloheptane leading to the 1,7-heptyl diradical was considered as the initiation step. The 1,7-heptyl diradical could readily isomerize to 1-heptene and decompose into several fragments, with dissociation to •C4H9 and •C3H5 as the predominant product channel. The 1,7-heptyl diradical could undergo direct dissociation, as evidenced by the production of the C5H10 species. Quantum chemistry calculations at UCCSD(T)/cc-pVDZ//UB3LYP/cc-pVDZ level of theory on the initial reaction pathways of cycloheptane were also carried out to support the experimental observations. Other possible initiation channels, as well as some secondary reaction products, were also identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuanliang Shao
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Ge Sun
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Mariah Gomez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xinghua Liu
- College of Science, 74629Hainan University, Hainan, China
| | - Jingsong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
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2
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Ma X, Rohdenburg M, Knorke H, Kawa S, Liu JKY, Aprà E, Asmis KR, Azov VA, Laskin J, Jenne C, Kenttamaa HI, Warneke J. Binding of Saturated and Unsaturated C6-Hydrocarbons to the Electrophilic Anion [B12Br11]−: A Systematic Mechanistic Study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:21759-21772. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp01042a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The highly reactive gaseous ion [B12Br11]– is a metal-free closed-shell anion which spontaneously forms covalent bonds with hydrocarbon molecules, including alkanes. Herein, we systematically investigate the reaction mechanism for binding...
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Ferhoune I, Guemini M, Rezgui Y. Effect of the Chemical Structure of Hydrocarbons on the Emissions of CO, CO2 and Soot Precursors Issued from Cyclohexane and Benzene Premixed Flames. KINETICS AND CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0023158421040029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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4
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Shao K, Liu X, Jones PJ, Sun G, Gomez M, Riser BP, Zhang J. Thermal decomposition of cyclohexane by flash pyrolysis vacuum ultraviolet photoionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry: a study on the initial unimolecular decomposition mechanism. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:9804-9813. [PMID: 33908508 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp00459j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Thermal decomposition of cyclohexane at temperatures up to 1310 K was performed using flash pyrolysis coupled with vacuum ultraviolet (118.2 nm) photoionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The experimental results revealed that the major initiation reaction of cyclohexane decomposition was C-C bond fission leading to the formation of 1,6-hexyl diradical. The 1,6-hexyl diradical could isomerize to 1-hexene and decompose into ˙C3H7 + ˙C3H5 and ˙C4H7 + ˙C2H5. The 1,6-hexyl diradical could also undergo direct dissociation; the C4H8 fragment via the 1,4-butyl diradical intermediate was observed, serving as evidence of the 1,6-hexyl diradical mechanism. Quantum chemistry calculations at UCCSD(T)/cc-pVDZ level of theory on the initial reaction pathways of cyclohexane were performed and found to be consistent with the experimental conclusions. Cyclohexyl radical was not observed as an initial intermediate in the pyrolysis. Benzene was produced from sequential H2 eliminations of cyclohexane at high temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuanliang Shao
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA.
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Pitz WJ, Liang J, Kukkadapu G, Zhang K, Conroy C, Bugler J, Curran HJ. A detailed chemical kinetic modeling and experimental investigation of the low‐ and high‐temperature chemistry of n‐butylcyclohexane. INT J CHEM KINET 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.21457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- William J. Pitz
- Materials Science Division Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore CA 94551 USA
| | - Jinhu Liang
- Combustion Chemistry Centre School of Chemistry Ryan Institute MaREI National University of Ireland Galway Galway Ireland
- School of Environmental and Safety Engineering North University of China Taiyuan 030051 China
| | - Goutham Kukkadapu
- Materials Science Division Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore CA 94551 USA
| | - Kuiwen Zhang
- Materials Science Division Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore CA 94551 USA
| | - Christine Conroy
- Combustion Chemistry Centre School of Chemistry Ryan Institute MaREI National University of Ireland Galway Galway Ireland
| | - John Bugler
- Combustion Chemistry Centre School of Chemistry Ryan Institute MaREI National University of Ireland Galway Galway Ireland
| | - Henry J. Curran
- Combustion Chemistry Centre School of Chemistry Ryan Institute MaREI National University of Ireland Galway Galway Ireland
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6
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Exploring combustion chemistry of 1‐pentene: Flow reactor pyrolysis at various pressures and development of a detailed combustion model. INT J CHEM KINET 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.21461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Mei BW, Li W, Ma SY, Wang HY, Pan HQ, Qi F, Li YY. Investigation on 1-heptene/air laminar flame propagation under elevated pressures. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2019. [DOI: 10.1063/1674-0068/cjcp1811271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo-wen Mei
- Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of MOE, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of MOE, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Si-yuan Ma
- Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of MOE, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hai-yu Wang
- Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of MOE, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hao-quan Pan
- Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of MOE, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Fei Qi
- Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of MOE, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Ship and Deep-Sea Exploration (CISSE), Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yu-yang Li
- Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of MOE, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Ship and Deep-Sea Exploration (CISSE), Shanghai 200240, China
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Liszka MK, Brezinsky K. Variable high‐pressure and concentration study of cyclohexane pyrolysis at high temperatures. INT J CHEM KINET 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.21229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miroslaw Krzysztof Liszka
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago Illinois
| | - Kenneth Brezinsky
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago Illinois
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Theoretical studies of unimolecular thermal decomposition reactions of n -hexane and n -hexene isomers. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2017.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Porterfield JP, Nguyen TL, Baraban JH, Buckingham GT, Troy TP, Kostko O, Ahmed M, Stanton JF, Daily JW, Ellison GB. Isomerization and Fragmentation of Cyclohexanone in a Heated Micro-Reactor. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:12635-47. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b10984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica P. Porterfield
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, United States
| | - Thanh Lam Nguyen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Joshua H. Baraban
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, United States
| | - Grant T. Buckingham
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, United States
| | - Tyler P. Troy
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratories, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Oleg Kostko
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratories, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Musahid Ahmed
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratories, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - John F. Stanton
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - John W. Daily
- Center
for Combustion and Environmental Research, Department of Mechanical
Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0427, United States
| | - G. Barney Ellison
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, United States
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Hudzik JM, Castillo Á, Bozzelli JW. Bond Energies and Thermochemical Properties of Ring-Opened Diradicals and Carbenes of exo-Tricyclo[5.2.1.02,6]decane. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:9857-78. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b05564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jason M. Hudzik
- Chemistry, Chemical Engineering
and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Álvaro Castillo
- Chemistry, Chemical Engineering
and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Joseph W. Bozzelli
- Chemistry, Chemical Engineering
and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
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Rosado-Reyes CM, Tsang W. Isomerization of cis-1,2-dimethylcyclohexane in single-pulse shock tube experiments. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:7707-14. [PMID: 25083602 DOI: 10.1021/jp505305y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cyclic hydrocarbons are major constituents of jet fuels and reference compounds in jet fuel surrogates. The kinetic and thermal stability and reaction mechanisms of fuel molecules are essential input parameters in the models and simulations used in the design of novel fuels, renewable energy technologies, and devices. A detailed study and analysis of the pyrolytic chemistry of cis-1,2-dimethylcyclohexane has been performed in single-pulse shock tube experiments. The investigations are carried out over the temperature range of 1100 to 1200 K at about 2.5 atm pressure. The isomeric products are trans-1,2-dimethylcyclohexane, 1-octene, and (cis + trans)-2-octene. The three octene isomers can be attributed to internal disproportionation processes. Assuming a diradical mechanism and that cis-1,2-dimethylcyclohexane is formed in equal amount with respect to its trans isomer, the total rate expression for isomerization is kC-C = 10(15.5±0.8) exp(-38,644 ± 2061 K/T) s(-1). The rate constants are over an order of magnitude smaller than the equivalent noncyclic hydrocarbon system. The presence of the isomeric octenes suggests that internal disproportionation is an important component of the isomerization process.
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Zhao Y, Zhang S, Li D. Understanding the mechanism of radical reactions in 1-hexene pyrolysis. Chem Eng Res Des 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2013.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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14
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Sirjean B, Fournet R. Unimolecular decomposition of 2,5-dimethylfuran: a theoretical chemical kinetic study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp41927k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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15
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Guan Y, Yang B. Kinetic modeling for hydrogen-abstraction reaction of methylcyclohexane with the CH3 radical. Chem Eng Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2012.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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16
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Magoon GR, Aguilera-Iparraguirre J, Green WH, Lutz JJ, Piecuch P, Wong HW, Oluwole OO. Detailed chemical kinetic modeling of JP-10 (exo-tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene) high-temperature oxidation: Exploring the role of biradical species in initial decomposition steps. INT J CHEM KINET 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.20702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Yang X, Kiefer JH, Tranter RS. Thermal dissociation of ethylene glycol vinyl ether. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:21288-300. [PMID: 22024976 DOI: 10.1039/c1cp21073d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The pyrolysis of ethylene glycol vinyl ether (EGVE), an initial product of 1,4-dioxane dissociation, was examined in a diaphragmless shock tube (DFST) using laser schlieren densitometry (LS) at 57 ± 2 and 122 ± 3 Torr over 1200-1800 K. DFST/time-of-flight mass spectrometry experiments were also performed to identify reaction products. EGVE was found to dissociate via two channels: (1) a molecular H atom transfer/C-O scission to produce C(2)H(3)OH and CH(3)CHO, and (2) a radical channel involving C-O bond fission generating ˙CH(2)CH(2)OH and ˙CH(2)CHO radicals, with the second channel being strongly dominant over the entire experimental range. A reaction mechanism was constructed for the pyrolysis of EGVE which simulates the LS profiles very well over the full experimental range. The decomposition of EGVE is clearly well into the falloff region for these conditions, and a Gorin model RRKM fit was obtained for the dominant radical channel. The results are in good agreement with the experimental data and suggest the following rate coefficient expressions: k(2,∞) = (6.71 ± 2.6) × 10(27) × T(-3.21)exp(-35512/T) s(-1); k(2)(120 Torr) = (1.23 ± 0.5) × 10(92) × T(-22.87)exp(-48 248/T) s(-1); k(2)(60 Torr) = (2.59 ± 1.0) × 10(88) × T(-21.96)exp(-46283/T) s(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueliang Yang
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL-60439, USA
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Zhao Y, Shen B, Wei F. Quantitative interpretation to the chain mechanism of free radical reactions in cyclohexane pyrolysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s1003-9953(10)60233-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Yang X, Jasper AW, Giri BR, Kiefer JH, Tranter RS. A shock tube and theoretical study on the pyrolysis of 1,4-dioxane. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:3686-700. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cp01541e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Peukert S, Naumann C, Braun-Unkhoff M, Riedel U. Formation of H-atoms in the pyrolysis of cyclohexane and 1-hexene: A shock tube and modeling study. INT J CHEM KINET 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.20539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Hansen N, Li W, Law ME, Kasper T, Westmoreland PR, Yang B, Cool TA, Lucassen A. The importance of fuel dissociation and propargyl + allyl association for the formation of benzene in a fuel-rich 1-hexene flame. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2010; 12:12112-22. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cp00241k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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