1
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Simmie JM. C 2H 5NO Isomers: From Acetamide to 1,2-Oxazetidine and Beyond. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:924-939. [PMID: 35113546 PMCID: PMC8859852 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c09984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
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This work documents
the properties of a number of isomers of molecular
formula C2H5NO from the most stable, acetamide,
through 1,2-oxazetidine and including even higher energy species largely
of a dipolar nature. Only two of the isomers have been detected in
emissions from the interstellar medium (ISM); possible further candidates
are identified, and the likelihood of their being detectable is considered.
In general, hardly any of these compounds have been discussed in the
existing chemical literature, so this work represents an important
contribution extending the canon of chemical bonding which can contribute
to machine learning, providing a more exacting test of AI applications.
The presence in the ISM of acetamide, CH3C(O)NH2, is the subject of current debate with no clear and obvious paths
to its formation; it is shown that a 1,3-[H]-transfer from (E,Z)-ethanimidic acid, CH3C(OH)=NH, is
feasible in spite of an energy barrier of 130 kJ mol–1. It is speculated that imidic acid can itself be formed from abundant
precursors, H2O and CH3C≡N, in an acid-induced,
water addition, autocatalytic reaction on water–ice grains.
H3CC≡NH3CC≡NH+ +
H2OH3CC(O+H2)=NHH3CC(OH)=NH
+ H3O+
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Simmie
- School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
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2
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Suarez-Moreno HA, Eckermann L, Zappa F, Arthur-Baidoo E, Ptasińska S, Denifl S. Electron ionization of clusters containing the formamide molecule. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. D, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 2021; 75:274. [PMID: 34744506 PMCID: PMC8528779 DOI: 10.1140/epjd/s10053-021-00281-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Studies on electron interactions with formamide (FA) clusters promote scientific interest as a model system to understand phenomena relevant to astrophysical, prebiotic, and radiobiological processes. In this work, mass spectrometric detection of cationic species for both small bare and microhydrated formamide clusters was performed at an electron ionization of 70 eV. Furthermore, a comparative analysis of the cluster spectra with the literature-reported gas-phase spectra is presented and discussed, revealing different reaction channels affected by the cluster environment. This study is essential in developing our understanding of both low-energy electron phenomena in clusters that can bridge the complexity gap between gas and realistic systems and the effect of hydration on electron-induced processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harvey-Andres Suarez-Moreno
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik and Center for Molecular Biosciences, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Lauren Eckermann
- Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA
| | - Fabio Zappa
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik and Center for Molecular Biosciences, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Eugene Arthur-Baidoo
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik and Center for Molecular Biosciences, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sylwia Ptasińska
- Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA
- Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA
| | - Stephan Denifl
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik and Center for Molecular Biosciences, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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3
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Suwannakham P, Sagarik K. Unimolecular photolysis mechanisms of formamide: the effect of thermal energy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:25789-25802. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp03718d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The C–N dissociation is the most favorable in S1 state, and radical products (1) are precursors in other channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parichart Suwannakham
- School of Chemistry
- Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology
- Nakhon Ratchasima 30000
- Thailand
| | - Kritsana Sagarik
- School of Chemistry
- Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology
- Nakhon Ratchasima 30000
- Thailand
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4
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Bodi A, Hemberger P. Low-Energy Photoelectron Spectrum and Dissociative Photoionization of the Smallest Amides: Formamide and Acetamide. J Phys Chem A 2018; 123:272-283. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b10373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andras Bodi
- Laboratory for Synchrotron Radiation and Femtochemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Hemberger
- Laboratory for Synchrotron Radiation and Femtochemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
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5
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Leach S, Jochims HW, Baumgärtel H, Champion N. VUV Dissociative Photoionization of Quinoline in the 7–26 eV Photon Energy Range. Z PHYS CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/zpch-2017-1092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The dissociative photoionization of quinoline was studied by photoionization mass spectrometry and ion yield measurements over a synchrotron photon excitation energy range 7–26 eV. The ionic and neutral products were identified with the aid of thermochemical calculations that, in some cases, led to deeper understanding of photodissociation pathways and the determination of upper limits of heats of formation of ionic and neutral dissociation products. A detailed comparison between the 20 eV photon excitation and 70 eV electron impact mass spectra, coupled with estimation of thermochemical appearance energies, leads to assignment of the dissociative ionization cation and neutral products for each detected ion. Reaction schemes for formation of these products are proposed in a number of cases. Ion intensities in the photon and electron impact mass spectra were used to consider extending a rule of charge retention in simple bond cleavage to more complex cases of dissociative ionization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sydney Leach
- LERMA , CNRS-UMR 8812, Observatoire de Paris-Meudon , 92195-Meudon , France
- Sorbonne Universités, PSL Research University , Paris , France
| | - Hans-Werner Jochims
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Freien Universität Berlin , Takustrasse 3 , 14195 Berlin , Germany
| | - Helmut Baumgärtel
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Freien Universität Berlin , Takustrasse 3 , 14195 Berlin , Germany
| | - Norbert Champion
- LERMA , CNRS-UMR 8812, Observatoire de Paris-Meudon , 92195-Meudon , France
- Sorbonne Universités, PSL Research University , Paris , France
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6
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Gahlaut A, Paranjothy M. Unimolecular decomposition of formamide via direct chemical dynamics simulations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp00541a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Classical chemical dynamics simulations show that formamide (NH2CHO) can dissociate via multiple pathways, either by direct dissociations or via intramolecular rearrangements to different isomers followed by dissociation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anchal Gahlaut
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur
- Jodhpur
- India
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7
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Arruda MS, Medina A, Sousa JN, Mendes LAV, Marinho RRT, Prudente FV. Communication: Protonation process of formic acid from the ionization and fragmentation of dimers induced by synchrotron radiation in the valence region. J Chem Phys 2016; 144:141101. [PMID: 27083700 DOI: 10.1063/1.4945807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The ionization and fragmentation of monomers of organic molecules have been extensively studied in the gas phase using mass spectroscopy. In the spectra of these molecules it is possible to identify the presence of protonated cations, which have a mass-to-charge ratio one unit larger than the parent ion. In this work, we investigate this protonation process as a result of dimers photofragmentation. Experimental photoionization and photofragmentation results of doubly deuterated formic acid (DCOOD) in the gas phase by photons in the vacuum ultraviolet region are presented. The experiment was performed by using a time-of-flight mass spectrometer installed at the Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory and spectra for different pressure values in the experimental chamber were obtained. The coupled cluster approach with single and double substitutions was employed to assist the experimental analysis. Results indicate that protonated formic acid ions are originated from dimer dissociation, and the threshold photoionization of (DCOOD)⋅D(+) is also determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela S Arruda
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Aline Medina
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Josenilton N Sousa
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Luiz A V Mendes
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Ricardo R T Marinho
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Frederico V Prudente
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115 Salvador, BA, Brazil
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8
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Satta M, Bolognesi P, Cartoni A, Casavola AR, Catone D, Markus P, Avaldi L. A joint theoretical and experimental study on diiodomethane: Ions and neutrals in the gas phase. J Chem Phys 2015; 143:244312. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4937425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Satta
- Dipartimento di Chimica, CNR-ISMN, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma 00185, Italy
| | - Paola Bolognesi
- CNR-ISM, Area della Ricerca di Roma 1, Monterotondo Scalo, RM 00015, Italy
| | - Antonella Cartoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma 00185, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Casavola
- CNR-ISM, Area della Ricerca di Roma 1, Monterotondo Scalo, RM 00015, Italy
| | - Daniele Catone
- CNR-ISM, Area della Ricerca di Roma 2, Roma 00133, Italy
| | - Pal Markus
- CNR-ISM, Area della Ricerca di Roma 1, Monterotondo Scalo, RM 00015, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Avaldi
- CNR-ISM, Area della Ricerca di Roma 1, Monterotondo Scalo, RM 00015, Italy
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9
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Arruda MS, Medina A, Sousa JN, Mendes LAV, Marinho RRT, Prudente FV. Ionization and Fragmentation of Formamide Induced by Synchrotron Radiation in the Valence Region via Photoelectron Photoion Coincidence Measurements and Density Functional Theory Calculations. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:10300-8. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b07464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manuela S. Arruda
- Instituto
de Física, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Centro
de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, 44380-000 Cruz das Almas, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Aline Medina
- Instituto
de Física, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Josenilton N. Sousa
- Instituto
de Física, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Luiz A. V. Mendes
- Instituto
de Física, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Ricardo R. T. Marinho
- Instituto
de Física, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Frederico V. Prudente
- Instituto
de Física, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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10
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Meteorite-catalyzed syntheses of nucleosides and of other prebiotic compounds from formamide under proton irradiation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:E2746-55. [PMID: 25870268 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1422225112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Liquid formamide has been irradiated by high-energy proton beams in the presence of powdered meteorites, and the products of the catalyzed resulting syntheses were analyzed by mass spectrometry. Relative to the controls (no radiation, or no formamide, or no catalyst), an extremely rich, variegate, and prebiotically relevant panel of compounds was observed. The meteorites tested were representative of the four major classes: iron, stony iron, chondrites, and achondrites. The products obtained were amino acids, carboxylic acids, nucleobases, sugars, and, most notably, four nucleosides: cytidine, uridine, adenosine, and thymidine. In accordance with theoretical studies, the detection of HCN oligomers suggests the occurrence of mechanisms based on the generation of radical cyanide species (CN·) for the synthesis of nucleobases. Given that many of the compounds obtained are key components of extant organisms, these observations contribute to outline plausible exogenous high-energy-based prebiotic scenarios and their possible boundary conditions, as discussed.
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11
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Castrovilli MC, Bolognesi P, Cartoni A, Catone D, O'Keeffe P, Casavola AR, Turchini S, Zema N, Avaldi L. Photofragmentation of halogenated pyrimidine molecules in the VUV range. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2014; 25:351-367. [PMID: 24385396 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-013-0783-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Revised: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/17/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, we studied the photoinduced ion chemistry of the halogenated pyrimidines, a class of prototype radiosensitizing molecules, in the energy region 9-15 eV. The work was stimulated by previous studies on inner shell site-selective fragmentation of the pyrimidine molecule, which have shown that the fragmentation is governed by the population/formation of specific ionic states with a hole in valence orbitals, which in turn correlate to accessible dissociation limits. The combined experimental and theoretical study of the appearance energies of the main fragments provides information on the geometric structure of the products and on the role played by the specific halogen atom and the site of halogenation in the dissociation process. This information can be used to gain new insights on the elementary mechanisms that could possibly explain the enhanced radiation damage to the DNA bases or to the medium in which the bases are embedded, thereby contributing to their radiosensitizing effect.
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12
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Dawley MM, Pirim C, Orlando TM. Radiation processing of formamide and formamide:water ices on silicate grain analogue. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:1228-36. [PMID: 24460097 DOI: 10.1021/jp4042815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Lyman-α (121.6 nm) photon and 1 keV electron-beam irradiation of pure HCONH2 (FA) ice and H2O:HCONH2 ice mixtures on high-surface-area SiO2 nanoparticles have been investigated with FT-IR spectroscopy and temperature programmed desorption (TPD). Lyman-α photolysis of pure amorphous FA ice grown at 70 K and crystalline FA ice produced by annealing to 165 K gives spectral signatures between 2120 and 2195 cm(-1) that we assign primarily to OCN(-) and CO. The OCN(-) and CO yields are ∼25% less abundant for crystalline FA ice. Photon and electron processing also produces H2 that is released from the ice between ∼90 and 140 K. A decrease in the H2 TPD peak is seen for irradiated crystalline HCONH2 ice. Lyman-α photolysis of H2O:HCONH2 mixed ices increases OCN(-) and CO production, suggesting a catalytic role of H2O. Also, for pure FA, 1 keV electron irradiation slightly increases the yield of OCN(-), while CO decarboxylation is selectively prevented. CO is also not produced in H2O:HCONH2 ices upon electron irradiation. Dissociative ionization, direct dissociative excitation, and dissociative electron attachment (DEA) channels are accessible in the Lyman-α (121.6 nm) photon and 1 keV electron-beam energy range. DEA energetically favors OCN(-) and H(-) formation, with the latter leading to H2 formation. The FA fragment product identities, yields, and branching ratios are considerably different relative to the gas phase and depend upon the radiation type, ice structure, and the presence of SiO2 nanoparticles. The latter may increase ion-electron recombination and radical recombination rates. The main products observed suggest very different condensed-phase dissociation channels from those reported for gas-phase dissociation. Formation of ions/products from FA is not negligible upon Lyman-α photolysis or electron irradiation, both of which could process ices in interstellar regions as well as in Titan's atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Michele Dawley
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology , 901 Atlantic Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
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13
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Schwell M, Bénilan Y, Fray N, Gazeau MC, Es-Sebbar E, Gaie-Levrel F, Champion N, Leach S. Ionization photophysics and Rydberg spectroscopy of diacetylene. Mol Phys 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2012.704084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Schwell
- a LISA UMR CNRS 7583 , Université Paris Est Créteil and Université Paris Diderot , Institut Pierre Simon Laplace, 61 Avenue du Général de Gaulle, 94010, Créteil , France
| | - Yves Bénilan
- a LISA UMR CNRS 7583 , Université Paris Est Créteil and Université Paris Diderot , Institut Pierre Simon Laplace, 61 Avenue du Général de Gaulle, 94010, Créteil , France
| | - Nicolas Fray
- a LISA UMR CNRS 7583 , Université Paris Est Créteil and Université Paris Diderot , Institut Pierre Simon Laplace, 61 Avenue du Général de Gaulle, 94010, Créteil , France
| | - Marie-Claire Gazeau
- a LISA UMR CNRS 7583 , Université Paris Est Créteil and Université Paris Diderot , Institut Pierre Simon Laplace, 61 Avenue du Général de Gaulle, 94010, Créteil , France
| | - Et Es-Sebbar
- a LISA UMR CNRS 7583 , Université Paris Est Créteil and Université Paris Diderot , Institut Pierre Simon Laplace, 61 Avenue du Général de Gaulle, 94010, Créteil , France
| | - François Gaie-Levrel
- b Synchrotron SOLEIL , L’Orme des Merisiers , St.Aubin, B.P. 48, 91192, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex , France
- c Laboratoire national de métrologie et d'essais - LNE (National Metrology Institute and Testing Laboratory) , Chemistry and Biology Division, Air Quality and Gaz Flowmetering Department , 1 rue Gaston Boissier, 75724 Paris Cedex 15 , France
| | - Norbert Champion
- d LERMA UMR CNRS 8112 , Observatoire de Paris-Meudon , 5 place Jules-Jansen, 92195, Meudon , France
| | - Sydney Leach
- d LERMA UMR CNRS 8112 , Observatoire de Paris-Meudon , 5 place Jules-Jansen, 92195, Meudon , France
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14
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Arruda MS, Marinho RRT, Maniero AM, Mundin MSP, Mocellin A, Pilling S, de Brito AN, Prudente FV. Theoretical-experimental study of formic acid photofragmentation in the valence region. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:6693-701. [PMID: 22606986 DOI: 10.1021/jp209259j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Photoionization and photofragmentation studies of formic acid (HCOOH) are performed for the valence shell electron ionization process. The total and partial ion yield of gaseous HCOOH were collected as a function of photon energy in the ultraviolet region, between 11.12 and 19.57 eV. Measurements of the total and partial ion yield of gaseous formic acid molecule are performed with a time-of-flight mass spectrometer at the Synchrotron Light Brazilian Laboratory. Density functional theory and time dependent density functional theory are employed to calculate the ground and excited electronic state energies of neutral and ionic formic acid as well as their fragments and normal vibration modes. The ionization potential energies, the stability of electronic excited states of HCOOH(+), and the energies of opening fragmentation channels are estimated from theoretical-experimental analysis. Additionally, the main formic acid photofragmentation pathways by exposition of photons within that energy range are determined experimentally. These produced ions primarily have the following mass/charge ratios: 46 (HCOOH(+)), 45 (COOH(+)), 29 (HCO(+)), and 18 (H(2)O(+)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela S Arruda
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40210-340 Salvador, BA, Brazil
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15
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Schwell M, Bénilan Y, Fray N, Gazeau MC, Es-Sebbar E, Garcia GA, Nahon L, Champion N, Leach S. VUV photoionization of acetamide studied by electron/ion coincidence spectroscopy in the 8–24 eV photon energy range. Chem Phys 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2011.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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17
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Eizaguirre A, Mó O, Yáñez M, Salpin JY. Modeling the interactions between peptide functions and Sr2+: formamide-Sr2+ reactions in the gas phase. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:18409-17. [PMID: 21901223 DOI: 10.1039/c1cp21578g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The interactions between formamide, which can be considered a prototype of a peptide function, and Sr(2+) have been investigated by combining nanoelectrospray ionization/mass spectrometry techniques and G96LYP DFT calculations. For Sr an extended LANL2DZ basis set was employed, together with a 6-311+G(3df,2p) basis set expansion for the remaining atoms of the system. The observed reactivity seems to be dominated by the Coulomb explosion process yielding [SrOH](+) + [HNCH](+), which are the most intense peaks in the MS/MS spectra. Nevertheless, additional peaks corresponding to the loss of HNC and CO indicate that the association of Sr(2+) to water or to ammonia leads to long-lived doubly charged species detectable in the timescale of these experimental techniques. The topology of the calculated potential energy surface permits us to establish the mechanisms behind these processes. Although the interaction between the neutral base and Sr(2+) is essentially electrostatic, the polarization triggered by the doubly charged metal ion results in the activation of several bonds, and favors different proton transfer mechanisms required for the formation of the [SrOH](+), [SrOH(2)](2+) and [SrNH(3)](2+) products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ane Eizaguirre
- Departamento de Química, Módulo 13, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Excelencia UAM-CSIC, Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
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18
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Nguyen VS, Abbott HL, Dawley MM, Orlando TM, Leszczynski J, Nguyen MT. Theoretical Study of Formamide Decomposition Pathways. J Phys Chem A 2011; 115:841-51. [DOI: 10.1021/jp109143j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vinh Son Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, and LMCC-Mathematical Modeling and Computational Science Center, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Heather L. Abbott
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
| | - M. Michele Dawley
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
| | - Thomas M. Orlando
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
| | - Jerzy Leszczynski
- Interdisciplinary Center for Nanotoxicity, Department of Chemistry, Jackson State University, Jackson, Mississippi 39217-0510, United States
| | - Minh Tho Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, and LMCC-Mathematical Modeling and Computational Science Center, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
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19
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Photoionization mass spectrometric studies of N-methyl formamide and N,N′-dimethyl formamide in the 7–18eV photon energy range. Chem Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2010.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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