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Yousufi MM, Mohyaldinn Elhaj ME, Dzulkarnain IB. A Review on Use of Emulsified Acids for Matrix Acidizing in Carbonate Reservoirs. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:11027-11049. [PMID: 38497019 PMCID: PMC10938332 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Almost 60% of oil and 40% of gas reserves worldwide are contained in carbonate reservoirs where acidizing stimulation is more challenging compared to sandstone reservoirs. Utilization of emulsified acids in matrix acidizing operations has been the most effective technique for more than half a century. This is due to the colloidal system's ability to generate deep, narrow conduits toward production zones under controlled retarded reactivity with the rock surface, along with the excellent sweep efficiency and corrosion inhibition of the well equipment. This Review attempts to review the various kinds of emulsified acids that are used for matrix acidizing of carbonate formations. The Review is trying to trace the innovations that have, gradually, been applied for enhancing the performance of emulsified acids for a variety of conditions, their limitations, and the developmental solutions such hybrid emulsifiers and pickering emulsions. In addition, the Review also discusses the parameters, characteristics, and measuring techniques required for the successful synthesis of a stable and quality emulsion while considering the environmental concerns raised toward the application of an emulsified acid system. From the reviewed publications, it can be summarized that macroemulsions are best suited for matrix acidizing applications over microemulsions due to low emulsifier concentrations and high acid volume retention; similarly, water in oil emulsions provide better retardation in a comparison to oil in water emulsions. The small droplet size of the emulsion yields high viscosity and stability. The compositional balance between each component present in the acidizing system is a crucial factor for optimum performance. Moreover, for future practice, much focus is required to design emulsified acids as ecofriendly systems that can leave the least amount of toxicity during and after implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Mohsin Yousufi
- Department
of Petroleum Engineering, Universiti Teknologi
Petronas, Seri Iskandar 32610, Malaysia
| | - Mysara Eissa Mohyaldinn Elhaj
- Department
of Petroleum Engineering, Universiti Teknologi
Petronas, Seri Iskandar 32610, Malaysia
- Institute
of Hydrocarbon Recovery, Universiti Teknologi
Petronas, Seri Iskandar 32610, Malaysia
| | - Iskandar Bin Dzulkarnain
- Department
of Petroleum Engineering, Universiti Teknologi
Petronas, Seri Iskandar 32610, Malaysia
- Institute
of Hydrocarbon Recovery, Universiti Teknologi
Petronas, Seri Iskandar 32610, Malaysia
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Abbas A, Zhang C, Hussain S, Li Y, Gao R, Li J, Liu X, Zhang M, Xu S. A Robust Switchable Oil-In-Water Emulsion Stabilized by Electrostatic Repulsions between Surfactant and Similarly Charged Carbon Dots. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2206621. [PMID: 36581561 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
How to control the stability of oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions is one of the main topics for scientists working in colloidal systems. Recently, carbon dots (CDs) have received great interest as smart materials because of their excellent physicochemical properties and versatile applications. Herein, for the first time, advanced and switchable O/W emulsions are presented that are stabilized by the synergistic effect of cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide CTAB (emulsifier) and similarly charged CDs (stabilizer). In the formulated emulsion, the cationic surfactant molecules are adsorbed at the oil and water interface to decrease the interfacial tension and enrich the drops with a positive charge to ensure intensive electrostatic repulsions among them. On the contrary, cationic CDs are distributed in the water phase among the droplets to reduce the water secretion and prevent flocculation and droplet coalescence. The stabilizing effect is found to be universal for emulsions of a range of oil phases. Furthermore, the formulated emulsion is found to be switchable between "stable" and "unstable" modes by adding an equivalent of anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl benzene sulphonate (SDBS). The stabilized and switchable O/W emulsions are believed to have wide practical applications in water purification, pharmaceuticals, protein recognition, as well as catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ansar Abbas
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Sameer Hussain
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Yang Li
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Ruixia Gao
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Jing Li
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Xueyi Liu
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Minghui Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, P. R. China
| | - Silong Xu
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
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Hata Y, Yoneda S, Tanaka S, Sawada T, Serizawa T. Structured liquids with interfacial robust assemblies of a nonionic crystalline surfactant. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 590:487-494. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.01.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Terescenco D, Hucher N, Savary G, Picard C. From interface towards organised network: Questioning the role of the droplets arrangements in macroscopically stable O/W emulsions composed of a conventional non-ionic surfactant, TiO2 particles, or their mixture. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.123630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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5
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Xu M, Xu L, Lin Q, Pei X, Jiang J, Zhu H, Cui Z, Binks BP. Switchable Oil-in-Water Emulsions Stabilized by Like-Charged Surfactants and Particles at Very Low Concentrations. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:4058-4067. [PMID: 30807183 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b04159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A novel CO2/N2 switchable n-decane-in-water emulsion was prepared, which is stabilized by a CO2/N2 switchable surfactant [ N'-dodecyl- N, N-dimethylacetamidine (DDMA)] in cationic form in combination with positively charged alumina nanoparticles at concentrations as low as 0.01 mM and 0.001 wt %, respectively. The particles do not adsorb at the oil-water interface but remain dispersed in the aqueous phase between surfactant-coated droplets. A critical zeta potential of the particles of ca. +18 mV is necessary for the stabilization of the novel emulsions, suggesting that the electrical double-layer repulsions between particles and between particles and oil droplets are responsible for their stability. By bubbling N2 into the emulsions, demulsification occurs following transformation of DDMA molecules from the surface-active cationic form to the surface-inactive neutral form and desorption from the oil-water interface. Bubbling CO2 into the demulsified mixtures, cationic DDMA molecules are re-formed, which adsorb to the droplet interfaces, ensuring stable emulsions after homogenization. Compared with Pickering emulsions and traditional emulsions, the amount of switchable surfactant and number of like-charged particles required for stabilization are significantly reduced, which is economically and environmentally benign for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maodong Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering , Jiangnan University , 1800 Lihu Road , Wuxi 214122 , Jiangsu , P.R. China
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering , Anhui Polytechnic University , Wuhu 241000 , P.R. China
| | - Lifei Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering , Jiangnan University , 1800 Lihu Road , Wuxi 214122 , Jiangsu , P.R. China
| | - Qi Lin
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering , Jiangnan University , 1800 Lihu Road , Wuxi 214122 , Jiangsu , P.R. China
| | - Xiaomei Pei
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering , Jiangnan University , 1800 Lihu Road , Wuxi 214122 , Jiangsu , P.R. China
| | - Jianzhong Jiang
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering , Jiangnan University , 1800 Lihu Road , Wuxi 214122 , Jiangsu , P.R. China
| | - Haiyan Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering , Jiangnan University , 1800 Lihu Road , Wuxi 214122 , Jiangsu , P.R. China
| | - Zhenggang Cui
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering , Jiangnan University , 1800 Lihu Road , Wuxi 214122 , Jiangsu , P.R. China
| | - Bernard P Binks
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Hull , Hull HU6 7RX , U.K
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Xu M, Jiang J, Pei X, Song B, Cui Z, Binks BP. Novel Oil-in-Water Emulsions Stabilised by Ionic Surfactant and Similarly Charged Nanoparticles at Very Low Concentrations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201802266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maodong Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids; Ministry of Education; School of Chemical and Material Engineering; Jiangnan University; 1800 Lihu Road Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 P. R. China
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering; Anhui Polytechnic University; Wuhu 241000 P. R. China
| | - Jianzhong Jiang
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids; Ministry of Education; School of Chemical and Material Engineering; Jiangnan University; 1800 Lihu Road Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 P. R. China
| | - Xiaomei Pei
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids; Ministry of Education; School of Chemical and Material Engineering; Jiangnan University; 1800 Lihu Road Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 P. R. China
| | - Binglei Song
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids; Ministry of Education; School of Chemical and Material Engineering; Jiangnan University; 1800 Lihu Road Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 P. R. China
| | - Zhenggang Cui
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids; Ministry of Education; School of Chemical and Material Engineering; Jiangnan University; 1800 Lihu Road Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 P. R. China
| | - Bernard P. Binks
- School of Mathematics and Physical Sciences; University of Hull; Hull HU6 7RX U.K
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7
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Xu M, Jiang J, Pei X, Song B, Cui Z, Binks BP. Novel Oil-in-Water Emulsions Stabilised by Ionic Surfactant and Similarly Charged Nanoparticles at Very Low Concentrations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:7738-7742. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201802266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maodong Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids; Ministry of Education; School of Chemical and Material Engineering; Jiangnan University; 1800 Lihu Road Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 P. R. China
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering; Anhui Polytechnic University; Wuhu 241000 P. R. China
| | - Jianzhong Jiang
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids; Ministry of Education; School of Chemical and Material Engineering; Jiangnan University; 1800 Lihu Road Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 P. R. China
| | - Xiaomei Pei
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids; Ministry of Education; School of Chemical and Material Engineering; Jiangnan University; 1800 Lihu Road Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 P. R. China
| | - Binglei Song
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids; Ministry of Education; School of Chemical and Material Engineering; Jiangnan University; 1800 Lihu Road Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 P. R. China
| | - Zhenggang Cui
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids; Ministry of Education; School of Chemical and Material Engineering; Jiangnan University; 1800 Lihu Road Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 P. R. China
| | - Bernard P. Binks
- School of Mathematics and Physical Sciences; University of Hull; Hull HU6 7RX U.K
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8
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Controlled synthesis of blue spherical CoAl2O4 pigment powder in Pickering emulsion assisted with a hydrothermal process. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2018.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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9
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Atta AM, Al-Lohedan HA. Influence of Nonionic Rosin Surfactants on Surface Activity of Silica Particles and Stability of Oil in Water Emulsions. J SURFACTANTS DETERG 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11743-014-1589-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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10
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Chevalier Y, Bolzinger MA. Emulsions stabilized with solid nanoparticles: Pickering emulsions. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2013.02.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 849] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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11
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Crystal growth of different morphologies (nanospheres, nanoribbons and nanoplates) of silver nanoparticles. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2011.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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12
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Khan Z, Al-Nowaiser FM. Effect of Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) on the Size, Shape, and Rate of Silver Nanoparticles Formation. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2010.505875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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13
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Khan Z, Hussain JI, Kumar S, Hashmi AA, Malik MA. Silver Nanoparticles: Green Route, Stability and Effect of Additives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.4236/jbnb.2011.24048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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14
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Pichot R, Spyropoulos F, Norton IT. O/W emulsions stabilised by both low molecular weight surfactants and colloidal particles: The effect of surfactant type and concentration. J Colloid Interface Sci 2010; 352:128-35. [PMID: 20817195 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2010.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2010] [Revised: 08/04/2010] [Accepted: 08/05/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The stability against coalescence of O/W emulsions in the presence of both surfactants and colloidal particles was investigated. In particular the effect of the surfactant type and concentration in these emulsifier mixtures on the O/W emulsions' stability was studied. Two types of surfactants were selected; those that have the ability to stabilise O/W emulsions on their own (O/W surfactants) and those that cannot (W/O surfactants). Tween 60 and Sodium Caseinate were selected as the O/W surfactants and lecithin as the W/O surfactant. Oil-in-water emulsions prepared with both particles and any of the three surfactants were stable against coalescence but, depending on the type of surfactant, the behaviour of the systems was found to depend on surfactant concentration. The droplet sizes of emulsions stabilised by mixed emulsifier systems containing low concentrations of O/W surfactants (Tween 60 or Sodium Caseinate) were smaller than those solely stabilised by either the surfactant or particles alone. At intermediate O/W surfactants concentrations, the droplet sizes of the emulsions increased. Further increases in the O/W surfactants' concentration, resulted in the complete removal of particles from the interface with the system now behaving as a surfactant-only stabilised emulsion. The behaviour of emulsions stabilised by emulsifier mixtures containing W/O surfactants was not dependent on the concentration of surfactant: no removal of particles was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Pichot
- Centre for Formulation Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, Edgbaston B15 2TT, UK.
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15
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Cui ZG, Cui YZ, Cui CF, Chen Z, Binks BP. Aqueous foams stabilized by in situ surface activation of CaCO3 nanoparticles via adsorption of anionic surfactant. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:12567-12574. [PMID: 20608686 DOI: 10.1021/la1016559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The in situ surface activation of unmodified CaCO(3) nanoparticles by interaction with surfactant in aqueous media has been studied, and the impact of this on the foamability and foam stability of aqueous dispersions was assessed. Using complementary experiments including measurement of particle zeta potentials, adsorption isotherms of surfactant, air-water surface tensions, and relevant contact angles, the mechanism of this activation was revealed. The results show that the non-surface-active CaCO(3) nanoparticles cannot be surface activated by interaction with cationic or nonionic surfactants but can be surface activated by interaction with anionic surfactants such as SDS and AOT, leading to a synergistic effect in both foamability and foam stability. The electrostatic interaction between the positive charges on particle surfaces and the negative charges of anionic surfactant headgroups results in monolayer adsorption of the surfactant at the particle-water interface and transforms the particles from hydrophilic to partially hydrophobic such that particles become surface active and stabilize bubbles. SDS is a more efficient surfactant for this surface activation than AOT. Possible reasons for this difference are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z-G Cui
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China.
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16
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Cui ZG, Yang LL, Cui YZ, Binks BP. Effects of surfactant structure on the phase inversion of emulsions stabilized by mixtures of silica nanoparticles and cationic surfactant. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:4717-24. [PMID: 19950938 DOI: 10.1021/la903589e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Silica nanoparticles without any surface modification are not surface active at the toluene-water interface due to their extreme hydrophilicity but can be surface activated in situ by adsorbing cationic surfactant from water. This work investigates the effects of the molecular structure of water-soluble cationic surfactant on the surface activation of the nanoparticles by emulsion characterization, adsorption and zeta potential measurements, dispersion stability experiments, and determination of relevant contact angles. The results show that an adsorbed cationic surfactant monolayer on particle surfaces is responsible for the wettability modification of the particles. In the presence of a trace amount of cationic surfactant, the hydrophobicity of the particles increases, leading to the formation of stable oil-in-water O/W(1) emulsions. At high surfactant concentration (>cmc) the particle surface is retransformed to hydrophilic due to double-layer or hemimicelle formation, and the concentration of the free surfactant in the aqueous phase is high enough to stabilize emulsions alone. O/W(2) emulsions, probably costabilized by free surfactant and particles, are then formed. The monolayer adsorption seems to be charge-site dependent. Thus, using single-chain trimethylammonium bromide surfactants or a double-head gemini cationic surfactant, the hydrophobicity of the particles achieved is not sufficient to stabilize water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions, and no phase inversion is induced. However, using a double-chain cationic surfactant, the chain density on the particle surfaces endows them with a hydrophobicity high enough to stabilize W/O emulsions, and double phase inversion, O/W(1) --> W/O --> O/W(2), can then be achieved by increasing the surfactant concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z-G Cui
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China.
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Khan Z, Al-Tnabaiti SA, El-Mossalamy E, Obaid AY. Effect of macromolecule poly(vinyl alcohol) on the growth of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide stabilized Ag-nanoparticles. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2009.09.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Role of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (cationic surfactant) on the tryptophan–MnO4− reaction. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2009; 72:253-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2009.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2008] [Revised: 04/11/2009] [Accepted: 04/14/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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19
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Khan Z, Al-Thabaiti SA, El-Mossalamy EH, Obaid AY. Studies on the kinetics of growth of silver nanoparticles in different surfactant solutions. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2009; 73:284-8. [PMID: 19559581 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2009.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2009] [Revised: 05/21/2009] [Accepted: 05/26/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles were prepared in aqueous silver nitrate solution using hydrazine as reducing agents in presence of two ionic surfactants (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide; CTAB and sodium dodecyl sulfate; SDS) and one non-ionic surfactant (Triton X-100). The reaction rate was determined spectrophotometrically. The nature of the head group of these surfactants is responsible for the formation of stable, yellow and transparent silver sol. For a certain reaction time, i.e., 20 min, the absorbance of reaction mixture first increased until it reached a maximum, then decreased with [hydrazine]. The reaction follows first-order kinetics with respect to each in [hydrazine] and [Ag(+)]. The results suggest formation of a complex between silver(I) and hydrazine, decomposes in a rate-determining step, leading in the formation of a free radical, which again reacts with the silver(I) in a subsequent fast step to yield the products. The transmission electron microscopic (TEM) images show that CTAB stabilized silver nanoparticles are spherical and of uniform particle size, and the average particle size is about 15 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaheer Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah 21413, Saudi Arabia.
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20
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Micro-patterned polystyrene surfaces directed by surfactant-encapsulated polyoxometalate complex via breath figures. POLYMER 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2009.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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21
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Cui ZG, Shi KZ, Cui YZ, Binks B. Double phase inversion of emulsions stabilized by a mixture of CaCO3 nanoparticles and sodium dodecyl sulphate. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2008.06.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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22
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Formation and characterization of surfactant stabilized silver nanoparticles: a kinetic study. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2008; 67:230-7. [PMID: 18922685 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2008.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2008] [Revised: 08/30/2008] [Accepted: 08/30/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Kinetic data for the silver nitrate-ascorbic acid redox system in presence of three surfactants (cationic, anionic and nonionic) are reported. Conventional spectrophotometric method was used to monitor the formation of surfactant stabilized nanosize silver particles during the reduction of silver nitrate by ascorbic acid. The size of the particles was determined with the help of transmission electron microscope. It was found that formation of stable perfect transparent silver sol and size of the particles depend upon the nature of the head group of the surfactants, i.e., cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and Triton X-100. The silver nanoparticles are spherical and of uniform particle size, and the average particle size is about 10 and 50 nm, respectively, for SDS and CTAB. For a certain reaction time, i.e., 30 min, the absorbance of reaction mixture first increased until it reached a maximum, then decreased with [ascorbic acid]. The reaction follows a fractional-order kinetics with respect to [ascorbic acid] in presence of CTAB. On the basis of various observations, the most plausible mechanism is proposed for the formation of silver nanoparticles.
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Russell JT, Lin Y, Böker A, Su L, Carl P, Zettl H, He J, Sill K, Tangirala R, Emrick T, Littrell K, Thiyagarajan P, Cookson D, Fery A, Wang Q, Russell TP. Self-assembly and cross-linking of bionanoparticles at liquid-liquid interfaces. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006; 44:2420-6. [PMID: 15806611 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200462653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Russell JT, Lin Y, Böker A, Su L, Carl P, Zettl H, He J, Sill K, Tangirala R, Emrick T, Littrell K, Thiyagarajan P, Cookson D, Fery A, Wang Q, Russell TP. Self-Assembly and Cross-Linking of Bionanoparticles at Liquid-Liquid Interfaces. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200462653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Synthesis of exfoliated acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene copolymer (ABS) clay nanocomposites: role of clay as a colloidal stabilizer. POLYMER 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2004.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Dickinson E, Ettelaie R, Kostakis T, Murray BS. Factors controlling the formation and stability of air bubbles stabilized by partially hydrophobic silica nanoparticles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2004; 20:8517-8525. [PMID: 15379469 DOI: 10.1021/la048913k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Air bubbles have been formed using partially hydrophobic silica nanoparticles as the stabilizer. The particles were of primary particle size 20 nm, chemically treated to different degrees with dichlorodimethylsilane to render them partially hydrophobic. Above a certain bubble size range (typically 80-microm diameter), the bubbles seemed to be almost indefinitely stable, while for any size above 20 microm their stability against disproportionation is far better than bubbles stabilized by any protein film investigated in previous studies. A possible theoretical justification for this observation is presented. Bubbles could be formed by shaking water with the particles, but a much higher volume fraction of bubbles was obtained by pressurizing the aqueous phase to 5 atm overnight followed by suddenly releasing the pressure to nucleate bubbles within the silica dispersion. Sonicating the silica dispersion before nucleation also gave more bubbles, which were also found to be more stable. There appeared to be an optimum degree of surface hydrophobicity that gave maximum foamability and foam stability, where around 20-33% of the silanol groups on the silica surface had been converted to dimethylsilane groups. However, a sharp increase in stability occurred when between 1.8 and 2 mol dm(-3) NaCl was also included in the aqueous phase. The change in stability due to inclusion of salt can be rationalized in terms of changes occurring in the value of the particle contact angle. The effects of increasing sonication and an optimum surface chemical treatment can be explained by the need to make the particles sufficiently hydrophobic so that they adsorb strongly enough, while at the same time minimizing their tendency to aggregate in the bulk aqueous phase, which hinders their adsorption. Furthermore, confocal laser scanning microscopy of the bubble dispersions suggests that a large volume fraction of stable bubbles is only formed when the particles adsorbed to the bubbles are also part of a spanning silica particle network in the bulk aqueous solution, forming a weak gel with a finite yield stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Dickinson
- Food Colloids Group, Procter Department of Food Science, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
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Arditty S, Whitby CP, Binks BP, Schmitt V, Leal-Calderon F. Some general features of limited coalescence in solid-stabilized emulsions. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. E, SOFT MATTER 2003; 11:273-281. [PMID: 15011047 DOI: 10.1140/epje/i2003-10018-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 357] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We produce direct and inverse emulsions stabilized by solid mineral particles. If the total amount of particles is initially insufficient to fully cover the oil-water interfaces, the emulsion droplets coalesce such that the total interfacial area between oil and water is progressively reduced. Since it is likely that the particles are irreversibly adsorbed, the degree of surface coverage by them increases until coalescence is halted. We follow the rate of droplet coalescence from the initial fragmented state to the saturated situation. Unlike surfactant-stabilized emulsions, the coalescence frequency depends on time and particle concentration. Both the transient and final droplet size distributions are relatively narrow and we obtain a linear relation between the inverse average droplet diameter and the total amount of solid particles, with a slope that depends on the mixing intensity. The phenomenology is independent of the mixing type and of the droplet volume fraction allowing the fabrication of both direct and inverse emulsion with average droplet sizes ranging from micron to millimetre.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Arditty
- Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, CNRS, Av. A. Schweitzer, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - C P Whitby
- Surfactant & Colloid Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Hull, HU6 7RX, Hull, UK
| | - B P Binks
- Surfactant & Colloid Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Hull, HU6 7RX, Hull, UK
| | - V Schmitt
- Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, CNRS, Av. A. Schweitzer, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - F Leal-Calderon
- Laboratoire des Milieux Dispersès Alimentaires, ISTAB, Université Bordeaux 1, Av. des Facultés, 33400 Talence, France.
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Gosa KL, Uricanu V. Emulsions stabilized with PEO–PPO–PEO block copolymers and silica. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0927-7757(01)00902-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Midmore B. Synergy between silica and polyoxyethylene surfactants in the formation of O/W emulsions. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0927-7757(98)00577-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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