1
|
CO adsorption on Co(0001) revisited: high-coverage CO superstructures on the close-packed surface of cobalt. J Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2022.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
2
|
Abstract
Even after being in business for at least the last 100 years, research into the field of (heterogeneous) catalysis is still vibrant, both in academia and in industry. One of the reasons for this is that around 90% of all chemicals and materials used in everyday life are produced employing catalysis. In 2020, the global catalyst market size reached $35 billion, and it is still steadily increasing every year. Additionally, catalysts will be the driving force behind the transition toward sustainable energy. However, even after having been investigated for 100 years, we still have not reached the holy grail of developing catalysts from rational design instead of from trial-and-error. There are two main reasons for this, indicated by the two so-called "gaps" between (academic) research and actual catalysis. The first one is the "pressure gap", indicating the 13 orders of magnitude difference in pressure between the ultrahigh vacuum lab conditions and the atmospheric pressures (and higher) of industrial catalysis. The second one is the "materials gap", indicating the difference in complexity between single-crystal model catalysts of academic research and the real catalysts, consisting of metallic nanoparticles on supports, promoters, fillers, and binders. Although over the past decades significant efforts have been made in closing these gaps, many steps still have to be taken. In this Account, I will discuss the steps we have taken at Leiden University to further our fundamental understanding of heterogeneous catalysis at the (near-)atomic scale. I will focus on bridging the pressure gap, though we are also working on closing the materials gap. Over the past years, we developed state-of-the-art equipment that is able to investigate the (near-)atomic-scale structure of the catalyst surface during the chemical reaction using several surface-science-based techniques such as scanning tunneling microscopy, atomic force microscopy, optical microscopy, and X-ray-based techniques (surface X-ray diffraction, grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering, and X-ray reflectivity, in collaboration with ESRF). Simultaneously with imaging the surface, we can investigate the catalyst's performance via mass spectrometry, enabling us to link changes in the catalyst structure to its activity, selectivity, or stability. Although we are currently investigating many industrially relevant catalytic systems, I will here focus the discussion on the oxidation of platinum during, for example, CO and NO oxidation, the NO reduction reaction on platinum, and the growth of graphene on liquid (molten) copper. I will show that to be able to obtain the full picture of heterogeneous catalysis, the ability to investigate the catalyst at the (near-)atomic scale during the chemical reaction is a must.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irene M. N. Groot
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhao J, He Y, Wang F, Yang Y, Zheng W, Huo C, Jiao H, Yang Y, Li Y, Wen X. A recyclable CoGa intermetallic compound catalyst for the hydroformylation reaction. J Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2021.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
4
|
Arandiyan H, S Mofarah S, Sorrell CC, Doustkhah E, Sajjadi B, Hao D, Wang Y, Sun H, Ni BJ, Rezaei M, Shao Z, Maschmeyer T. Defect engineering of oxide perovskites for catalysis and energy storage: synthesis of chemistry and materials science. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:10116-10211. [PMID: 34542117 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00639d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Oxide perovskites have emerged as an important class of materials with important applications in many technological areas, particularly thermocatalysis, electrocatalysis, photocatalysis, and energy storage. However, their implementation faces numerous challenges that are familiar to the chemist and materials scientist. The present work surveys the state-of-the-art by integrating these two viewpoints, focusing on the critical role that defect engineering plays in the design, fabrication, modification, and application of these materials. An extensive review of experimental and simulation studies of the synthesis and performance of oxide perovskites and devices containing these materials is coupled with exposition of the fundamental and applied aspects of defect equilibria. The aim of this approach is to elucidate how these issues can be integrated in order to shed light on the interpretation of the data and what trajectories are suggested by them. This critical examination has revealed a number of areas in which the review can provide a greater understanding. These include considerations of (1) the nature and formation of solid solutions, (2) site filling and stoichiometry, (3) the rationale for the design of defective oxide perovskites, and (4) the complex mechanisms of charge compensation and charge transfer. The review concludes with some proposed strategies to address the challenges in the future development of oxide perovskites and their applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamidreza Arandiyan
- Laboratory of Advanced Catalysis for Sustainability, School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. .,Centre for Applied Materials and Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), School of Science, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe Street, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Sajjad S Mofarah
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Charles C Sorrell
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Esmail Doustkhah
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Baharak Sajjadi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677, USA
| | - Derek Hao
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Yuan Wang
- Centre for Applied Materials and Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), School of Science, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe Street, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. .,School of Chemistry, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Hongyu Sun
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Bing-Jie Ni
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Mehran Rezaei
- Catalyst and Nanomaterials Research Laboratory (CNMRL), School of Chemical, Petroleum and Gas Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zongping Shao
- WA School of Mines: Minerals, Energy and Chemical Engineering, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6845, Australia. .,State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Thomas Maschmeyer
- Laboratory of Advanced Catalysis for Sustainability, School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Goodman E, Zhou C, Cargnello M. Design of Organic/Inorganic Hybrid Catalysts for Energy and Environmental Applications. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2020; 6:1916-1937. [PMID: 33274270 PMCID: PMC7706093 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.0c01046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Controlling selectivity between competing reaction pathways is crucial in catalysis. Several approaches have been proposed to achieve this goal in traditional heterogeneous catalysts including tuning nanoparticle size, varying alloy composition, and controlling supporting material. A less explored and promising research area to control reaction selectivity is via the use of hybrid organic/inorganic catalysts. These materials contain inorganic components which serve as sites for chemical reactions and organic components which either provide diffusional control or directly participate in the formation of active site motifs. Despite the appealing potential of these hybrid materials to increase reaction selectivity, there are significant challenges to the rational design of such hybrid nanostructures. Structural and mechanistic characterization of these materials play a key role in understanding and, therefore, designing these organic/inorganic hybrid catalysts. This Outlook highlights the design of hybrid organic/inorganic catalysts with a brief overview of four different classes of materials and discusses the practical catalytic properties and opportunities emerging from such designs in the area of energy and environmental transformations. Key structural and mechanistic characterization studies are identified to provide fundamental insight into the atomic structure and catalytic behavior of hybrid organic/inorganic catalysts. Exemplary works are used to show how specific active site motifs allow for remarkable changes in the reaction selectivity. Finally, to demonstrate the potential of hybrid catalyst materials, we suggest a characterization-based approach toward the design of biomimetic hybrid organic/inorganic materials for a specific application in the energy and environmental research space: the conversion of methane into methanol.
Collapse
|
6
|
Böller B, Zeller P, Günther S, Wintterlin J. High-Pressure CO Phases on Co(0001) and Their Possible Role in the Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c02221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Böller
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Center for NanoScience, Schellingstr. 4, 80799 Munich, Germany
| | - Patrick Zeller
- Elettra—Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., SS14−km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Sebastian Günther
- Fakultät für Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Catalysis Research Center, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Joost Wintterlin
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Center for NanoScience, Schellingstr. 4, 80799 Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hernández Mejía C, van der Hoeven JES, de Jongh PE, de Jong KP. Cobalt-Nickel Nanoparticles Supported on Reducible Oxides as Fischer-Tropsch Catalysts. ACS Catal 2020; 10:7343-7354. [PMID: 32655980 PMCID: PMC7340342 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c00777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Efficient and more sustainable production of transportation fuels is key to fulfill the ever-increasing global demand. In order to achieve this, progress in the development of highly active and selective catalysts is fundamental. The combination of bimetallic nanoparticles and reactive support materials offers unique and complex interactions that can be exploited for improved catalyst performance. Here, we report on cobalt-nickel nanoparticles on reducible metal oxides as support material for enhanced performance in the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. For this, different cobalt to nickel ratios (Ni/(Ni + Co): 0.0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, or 1.0 atom/atom) supported on reducible (TiO2 and Nb2O5) or nonreducible (α-Al2O3) oxides were studied. At 1 bar, Co-Ni nanoparticles supported on TiO2 and Nb2O5 showed stable catalytic performance, high activities and remarkably high selectivities for long-chain hydrocarbons (C5+, ∼80 wt %). In contrast, catalysts supported on α-Al2O3 independently of the metal composition showed lower activities, high methane production, and considerable deactivation throughout the experiment. At 20 bar, the combination of cobalt and nickel supported on reducible oxides allowed for 25-50% cobalt substitution by nickel with increased Fischer-Tropsch activity and without sacrificing much C5+ selectivity. STEM-EDX and IR of adsorbed CO pointed to a cobalt enrichment of the nanoparticle's surface and a weaker adsorption of CO in Co-Ni supported on TiO2 and Nb2O5 and not on α-Al2O3, modifying the rate-determining step and the catalytic performance. Overall, we show the strong effect and potential of reducible metal oxides as support materials for bimetallic nanoparticles for enhanced catalytic performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Hernández Mejía
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jessi E. S. van der Hoeven
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Soft Condensed Matter, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 5, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Petra E. de Jongh
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Krijn P. de Jong
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kersell H, Hooshmand Z, Yan G, Le D, Nguyen H, Eren B, Wu CH, Waluyo I, Hunt A, Nemšák S, Somorjai G, Rahman TS, Sautet P, Salmeron M. CO Oxidation Mechanisms on CoOx-Pt Thin Films. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:8312-8322. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c01139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Heath Kersell
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Zahra Hooshmand
- Department of Physics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
| | - George Yan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Duy Le
- Department of Physics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
| | - Huy Nguyen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Baran Eren
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Cheng Hao Wu
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Iradwikanari Waluyo
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Adrian Hunt
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Slavomír Nemšák
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Gabor Somorjai
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Talat S. Rahman
- Department of Physics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
| | - Philippe Sautet
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Miquel Salmeron
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ciufo RA, Han S, Floto ME, Henkelman G, Mullins CB. Low temperature dissociation of CO on manganese promoted cobalt(poly). Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:2865-2868. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc07722g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Metallic Mn alloyed with Co(poly) promotes dissociation of CO at low temperature in model Fischer–Tropsch systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan A. Ciufo
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Texas at Austin
- Austin
- USA
- The Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Science
| | - Sungmin Han
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Texas at Austin
- Austin
- USA
| | | | - Graeme Henkelman
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Texas at Austin
- Austin
- USA
- The Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Science
| | - C. Buddie Mullins
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Texas at Austin
- Austin
- USA
- The McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Su HY, Yu C, Liu JX, Zhao Y, Ma X, Luo J, Sun C, Li WX, Sun K. CO activation and methanation mechanism on hexagonal close-packed Co catalysts: effect of functionals, carbon deposition and surface structure. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy00499e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Regardless of the functionals used and the presence of graphitic carbon, the CO methanation rate on Co(0001) is mainly controlled by CHO decomposition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yan Su
- School of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology
- Dongguan University of Technology
- Dongguan 523808
- China
| | - Changlin Yu
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology
- Maoming 525000
- China
| | - Jin-Xun Liu
- Department of Chemical Physics
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei 230026
- China
| | - Yonghui Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute
- Chinese Academy of Science
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Xiufang Ma
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Thin Films and Applications
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering
- Shenzhen University
- Shenzhen 518060
- China
| | - Jie Luo
- Department of Chemical Physics
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei 230026
- China
| | - Chenghua Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology
- Dongguan University of Technology
- Dongguan 523808
- China
| | - Wei-Xue Li
- Department of Chemical Physics
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei 230026
- China
| | - Keju Sun
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering
- Yanshan University
- Qinhuangdao 066004
- China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Paredes-Nunez A, Lorito D, Guilhaume N, Schuurman Y, Meunier F. Effect of Sn on the production of methanol during syngas conversion over Co/alumina. Catal Today 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2019.01.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
12
|
Yao Z, Guo C, Mao Y, Hu P. Quantitative Determination of C–C Coupling Mechanisms and Detailed Analyses on the Activity and Selectivity for Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis on Co(0001): Microkinetic Modeling with Coverage Effects. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b01150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zihao Yao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, The Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast BT9 5AG, U.K
| | - Chenxi Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, The Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast BT9 5AG, U.K
| | - Yu Mao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, The Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast BT9 5AG, U.K
| | - P. Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, The Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast BT9 5AG, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Roiaz M, Pramhaas V, Li X, Rameshan C, Rupprechter G. Atmospheric pressure reaction cell for operando sum frequency generation spectroscopy of ultrahigh vacuum grown model catalysts. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2018; 89:045104. [PMID: 29716385 DOI: 10.1063/1.5021641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
A new custom-designed ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) chamber coupled to a UHV and atmospheric-pressure-compatible spectroscopic and catalytic reaction cell is described, which allows us to perform IR-vis sum frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy during catalytic (kinetic) measurements. SFG spectroscopy is an exceptional tool to study vibrational properties of surface adsorbates under operando conditions, close to those of technical catalysis. This versatile setup allows performing surface science, SFG spectroscopy, catalysis, and electrochemical investigations on model systems, including single crystals, thin films, and deposited metal nanoparticles, under well-controlled conditions of gas composition, pressure, temperature, and potential. The UHV chamber enables us to prepare the model catalysts and to analyze their surface structure and composition by low energy electron diffraction and Auger electron spectroscopy, respectively. Thereafter, a sample transfer mechanism moves samples under UHV to the spectroscopic cell, avoiding air exposure. In the catalytic cell, SFG spectroscopy and catalytic tests (reactant/product analysis by mass spectrometry or gas chromatography) are performed simultaneously. A dedicated sample manipulation stage allows the model catalysts to be examined from LN2 temperature to 1273 K, with gaseous reactants in a pressure range from UHV to atmospheric. For post-reaction analysis, the SFG cell is rapidly evacuated and samples are transferred back to the UHV chamber. The capabilities of this new setup are demonstrated by benchmark results of CO adsorption on Pt and Pd(111) single crystal surfaces and of CO adsorption and oxidation on a ZrO2 supported Pt nanoparticle model catalyst grown by atomic layer deposition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Roiaz
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Technische Universität Wien, Vienna 1060, Austria
| | - Verena Pramhaas
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Technische Universität Wien, Vienna 1060, Austria
| | - Xia Li
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Technische Universität Wien, Vienna 1060, Austria
| | - Christoph Rameshan
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Technische Universität Wien, Vienna 1060, Austria
| | - Günther Rupprechter
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Technische Universität Wien, Vienna 1060, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chen W, Zijlstra B, Filot IAW, Pestman R, Hensen EJM. Mechanism of Carbon Monoxide Dissociation on a Cobalt Fischer-Tropsch Catalyst. ChemCatChem 2017; 10:136-140. [PMID: 29399207 PMCID: PMC5768026 DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201701203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The way in which the triple bond in CO dissociates, a key reaction step in the Fischer–Tropsch (FT) reaction, is a subject of intense debate. Direct CO dissociation on a Co catalyst was probed by 12C16O/13C18O scrambling in the absence and presence of H2. The initial scrambling rate without H2 was significantly higher than the rate of CO consumption under CO hydrogenation conditions, which indicated that the surface contained sites sufficiently reactive to dissociate CO without the assistance of H atoms. Only a small fraction of the surface was involved in CO scrambling. The minor influence of CO scrambling and CO residence time on the partial pressure of H2 showed that CO dissociation was not affected by the presence of H2. The positive H2 reaction order was correlated to the fact that the hydrogenation of adsorbed C and O atoms was slower than CO dissociation. Temperature‐programmed in situ IR spectroscopy underpinned the conclusion that CO dissociation does not require H atoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Schuit Institute of Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Eindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Bart Zijlstra
- Schuit Institute of Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Eindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Ivo A W Filot
- Schuit Institute of Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Eindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Robert Pestman
- Schuit Institute of Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Eindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Emiel J M Hensen
- Schuit Institute of Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Eindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Hu X, Zhou Y, Jiang B, Guo H, Xie D. Dynamics of carbon monoxide dissociation on Co(112̄0). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:12826-12837. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp01697b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The dissociative chemisorption dynamics of CO on rigid Co(112̄0) is investigated using a quasi-classical trajectory method on a new global six-dimensional potential energy surface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xixi Hu
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
| | - Yipeng Zhou
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
| | - Bin Jiang
- Department of Chemical Physics
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei 230026
- China
| | - Hua Guo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
- University of New Mexico
- Albuquerque
- USA
| | - Daiqian Xie
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Su HY, Zhao Y, Liu JX, Sun K, Li WX. First-principles study of structure sensitivity of chain growth and selectivity in Fischer–Tropsch synthesis using HCP cobalt catalysts. Catal Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cy00706j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Co (0001) prefers the CO insertion mechanism with high methane selectivity, but Co (101̄1) prefers the carbide mechanism with high C2-hydrocarbon selectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yan Su
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science
- Dalian 116023
- China
| | - Yonghui Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Science
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Jin-Xun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science
- Dalian 116023
- China
| | - Keju Sun
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering
- Yanshan University
- Qinhuangdao 066004
- China
| | - Wei-Xue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science
- Dalian 116023
- China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Spectroscopic insights into cobalt-catalyzed Fischer-Tropsch synthesis: A review of the carbon monoxide interaction with single crystalline surfaces of cobalt. J Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2016.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
18
|
Mehl S, Bauer T, Brummel O, Pohako-Esko K, Schulz P, Wasserscheid P, Libuda J. Ionic-Liquid-Modified Hybrid Materials Prepared by Physical Vapor Codeposition: Cobalt and Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles in [C1C2Im][OTf] Monitored by In Situ IR Spectroscopy. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:8613-8622. [PMID: 27463531 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b02303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of ionic-liquid-modified nanomaterials has attracted much attention recently. In this study we explore the potential to prepare such systems in an ultraclean fashion by physical vapor codeposition (PVCD). We codeposit metallic cobalt and the room-temperature ionic liquid (IL) 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate [C1C2Im][OTf] simultaneously onto a Pd(111) surface at 100 K. This process is performed under ultrahigh-vacuum (UHV) conditions in the presence of CO, or in the presence of O2 and CO. We use time-resolved (TR) and temperature-programmed (TP) infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (IRAS) to investigate the formation and stability of the IL-modified Co deposits in situ during the PVD-based synthesis. CO is used as a probe molecule to monitor the growth. After initial growth of flat Co films on Pd(111), multilayers of Co nanoparticles (NPs) are formed. Characteristic shifts and intensity changes are observed in the vibrational bands of both CO and the IL, which originate from the electric field at the IL/Co interface (Stark effect) and from specific adsorption of the [OTf](-) anion. These observations indicate that the Co aggregates are stabilized by mixed adsorbate shells consisting of CO and [OTf](-). The CO coverage on the Co particle decreases with increasing temperature, but some CO is preserved up to the desorption temperature of the IL (370 K). Further, the IL shell suppresses the oxidation of the Co NPs if oxygen is introduced in the PVCD process. Only chemisorbed oxygen is formed at oxygen partial pressures that swiftly lead to formation of Co3O4 in the absence of the IL (5 × 10(-6) mbar O2). This chemisorbed oxygen is found to destabilize the CO ligand shell. The oxidation of Co is not suppressed if IL and Co are deposited sequentially under otherwise identical conditions. In this case we observe the formation of fully oxidized cobalt oxide particles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sascha Mehl
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , Egerlandstraße 3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tanja Bauer
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , Egerlandstraße 3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Olaf Brummel
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , Egerlandstraße 3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kaija Pohako-Esko
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , Egerlandstraße 3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peter Schulz
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , Egerlandstraße 3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peter Wasserscheid
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , Egerlandstraße 3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Erlangen Catalysis Resource Center and Interdisciplinary Center Interface-Controlled Processes, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jörg Libuda
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , Egerlandstraße 3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Erlangen Catalysis Resource Center and Interdisciplinary Center Interface-Controlled Processes, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Banerjee A, Navarro V, Frenken JWM, van Bavel AP, Kuipers HPCE, Saeys M. Shape and Size of Cobalt Nanoislands Formed Spontaneously on Cobalt Terraces during Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis. J Phys Chem Lett 2016; 7:1996-2001. [PMID: 27176712 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b00555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Cobalt-based catalysts undergo a massive and spontaneous reconstruction to form uniform triangular nanoislands under Fischer-Tropsch (FT) conditions. This reconstruction is driven by the unusual and synergistic adsorption of square-planar carbon and CO at the 4-fold edge sites of the nanoislands, driving the formation of triangular islands. The size of the nanoislands is determined by the balance between energy gain from creating C/CO-covered edges and energy penalty to create C/CO-covered corners. For carbon chemical potentials corresponding to FT conditions, triangular Co islands with 45 Co atoms (about 2 nm) are the most stable surface structure. Decreasing the carbon chemical potential and hence the stability of square-planar carbon favors the formation of larger islands, until reconstruction becomes unfavorable and CO-covered terraces are thermodynamically the most stable. The predicted structure of the islands is consistent with in situ scanning tunneling microscopy images obtained for the first time under realistic FT reaction conditions on a Co(0001) surface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arghya Banerjee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 4 Engineering Drive 4, National University of Singapore , Singapore 117576
| | - Violeta Navarro
- Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University , Niels Bohrweg 2, 2333CA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Joost W M Frenken
- Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University , Niels Bohrweg 2, 2333CA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander P van Bavel
- Shell Technology Centre Amsterdam , P.O. Box 38000, 1030 BN Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Herman P C E Kuipers
- Shell Technology Centre Amsterdam , P.O. Box 38000, 1030 BN Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mark Saeys
- Laboratory for Chemical Technology, Ghent University , Technologiepark 914, 9052 Gent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Liu S, Liu AA, Zhang R, Ren Z. Compact ultrahigh vacuum/high-pressure system for broadband infrared sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy studies. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2016; 87:044101. [PMID: 27131685 DOI: 10.1063/1.4945113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We have designed a compact ultrahigh vacuum/high-pressure system for in situ broadband infrared (IR) sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy (SFG-VS) studies. In this system, we have achieved a significant reduction in the distance between the sample and the optical window (<5 mm), which in turn considerably reduces the IR absorption from the gas phase under high pressure conditions. Moreover, with this new system, the IR transmission under high pressure conditions can be measured in situ for calibrating the SFG spectra. Therefore, this modified technique can allow us to study the vibrational spectra of adsorbates on single crystals or polycrystalline foils under high pressure. The preliminary results from SFG measurements of a model CH3OH/TiO2(110) system under both ultrahigh vacuum and high pressure conditions are reported here. These results suggest that this newly developed system is potentially a powerful tool for investigating adsorbate structures and surface reactions under both ultrahigh vacuum and real conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Liu
- International Center for Quantum Materials (ICQM) and School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - An-An Liu
- International Center for Quantum Materials (ICQM) and School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruidan Zhang
- International Center for Quantum Materials (ICQM) and School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Zefeng Ren
- International Center for Quantum Materials (ICQM) and School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Cats KH, Andrews JC, Stéphan O, March K, Karunakaran C, Meirer F, de Groot FMF, Weckhuysen BM. Active phase distribution changes within a catalyst particle during Fischer–Tropsch synthesis as revealed by multi-scale microscopy. Catal Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cy01524c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new combination of three chemical imaging methods has been developed and applied to fresh and spent co-based Fischer–Tropsch catalysts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K. H. Cats
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science
- Utrecht University
- 3584 CG Utrecht
- The Netherlands
| | - J. C. Andrews
- Stanford Synchrotron Light Source
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
- Menlo Park
- USA
| | - O. Stéphan
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides
- Université Paris Sud
- 91405 Orsay
- France
| | - K. March
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides
- Université Paris Sud
- 91405 Orsay
- France
| | | | - F. Meirer
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science
- Utrecht University
- 3584 CG Utrecht
- The Netherlands
| | - F. M. F. de Groot
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science
- Utrecht University
- 3584 CG Utrecht
- The Netherlands
| | - B. M. Weckhuysen
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science
- Utrecht University
- 3584 CG Utrecht
- The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Li S, Yao N, Zhao F, Li X. Nitrogen-doped carbon species: a promising nonmetallic promoter for the Co/SiO2 Fischer–Tropsch synthesis catalyst. Catal Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cy00854a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The turnover frequency of Co/SiO2 in Fischer–Tropsch synthesis is enhanced because pyrrolic nitrogen atoms transfer electrons to the Co0 particle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Li
- Institute of Industrial Catalysis
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou
- China
| | - Nan Yao
- Institute of Industrial Catalysis
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou
- China
| | - Fengdong Zhao
- Institute of Industrial Catalysis
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou
- China
| | - Xiaonian Li
- Institute of Industrial Catalysis
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou
- China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kwak G, Kim DE, Kim YT, Park HG, Kang SC, Ha KS, Jun KW, Lee YJ. Enhanced catalytic activity of cobalt catalysts for Fischer–Tropsch synthesis via carburization and hydrogenation and its application to regeneration. Catal Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cy01399b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS), cobalt carbide (Co2C) is not a catalytically active material, but rather an undesired cobalt phase associated with low catalytic performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geunjae Kwak
- Center for Carbon Resources Conversion
- Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT)
- Daejeon 305-600
- Republic of Korea
| | - Du-Eil Kim
- Center for Carbon Resources Conversion
- Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT)
- Daejeon 305-600
- Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Tae Kim
- Center for Carbon Resources Conversion
- Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT)
- Daejeon 305-600
- Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Gu Park
- Center for Carbon Resources Conversion
- Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT)
- Daejeon 305-600
- Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Chang Kang
- Center for Carbon Resources Conversion
- Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT)
- Daejeon 305-600
- Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Su Ha
- Nanoscale Catalysis and Reaction Engineering Lab
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Sogang University
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Won Jun
- Center for Carbon Resources Conversion
- Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT)
- Daejeon 305-600
- Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Jo Lee
- Center for Carbon Resources Conversion
- Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT)
- Daejeon 305-600
- Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Böller B, Ehrensperger M, Wintterlin J. In Situ Scanning Tunneling Microscopy of the Dissociation of CO on Co(0001). ACS Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.5b01684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. Böller
- Department
Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse
5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - M. Ehrensperger
- Department
Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse
5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - J. Wintterlin
- Department
Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse
5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Center for NanoScience, Schellingstrasse 4, 80799 Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Structures and vibrational frequencies of CO adsorbed on transition metals from calculations using the vdW-DF2 functional. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2015.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
26
|
Banerjee A, van Bavel AP, Kuipers HP, Saeys M. Origin of the Formation of Nanoislands on Cobalt Catalysts during Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis. ACS Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.5b01169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arghya Banerjee
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576
| | | | | | - Mark Saeys
- Laboratory
for Chemical Technology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 914, 9052 Gent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Zaera F. New advances in the use of infrared absorption spectroscopy for the characterization of heterogeneous catalytic reactions. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 43:7624-63. [PMID: 24424375 DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60374a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Infrared absorption spectroscopy has proven to be one of the most powerful spectroscopic techniques available for the characterization of catalytic systems. Although the history of IR absorption spectroscopy in catalysis is long, the technique continues to provide key fundamental information about a variety of catalysts and catalytic reactions, and to also offer novel options for the acquisition of new information on both reaction mechanisms and the nature of the solids used as catalysts. In this review, an overview is provided of the main contributions that have been derived from IR absorption spectroscopy studies of catalytic systems, and a discussion is included on new trends and new potential directions of research involving IR in catalysis. We start by briefly describing the power of Fourier-transform IR (FTIR) instruments and the main experimental IR setups available, namely, transmission (TIR), diffuse reflectance (DRIFTS), attenuated total reflection (ATR-IR), and reflection-absorption (RAIRS), for advancing research in catalysis. We then discuss the different environments under which IR characterization of catalysts is carried out, including in situ and operando studies of typical catalytic processes in gas-phase, research with model catalysts in ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) and so-called high-pressure cell instruments, and work involving liquid/solid interfaces. A presentation of the type of information extracted from IR data follows in terms of the identification of adsorbed intermediates, the characterization of the surfaces of the catalysts themselves, the quantitation of IR intensities to extract surface coverages, and the use of probe molecules to identify and titrate specific catalytic sites. Finally, the different options for carrying out kinetic studies with temporal resolution such as rapid-scan FTIR, step-scan FTIR, and the use of tunable lasers or synchrotron sources, and to obtain spatially resolved spectra, by sample rastering or by 2D imaging, are introduced.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Zaera
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
In situ high-pressure high-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy of a Co(0 0 0 1) Fischer–Tropsch model catalyst. J Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2014.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
29
|
González-Carballo JM, Pérez-Alonso FJ, Ojeda M, García-García FJ, Fierro JLG, Rojas S. Evidences of Two-Regimes in the Measurement of Ru Particle Size Effect for CO Dissociation during Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis. ChemCatChem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201402080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
30
|
Weststrate C, Ciobîcă I, Saib A, Moodley D, Niemantsverdriet J. Fundamental issues on practical Fischer–Tropsch catalysts: How surface science can help. Catal Today 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2013.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
31
|
Sadeqzadeh M, Chambrey S, Hong J, Fongarland P, Luck F, Curulla-Ferré D, Schweich D, Bousquet J, Khodakov AY. Effect of Different Reaction Conditions on the Deactivation of Alumina-Supported Cobalt Fischer–Tropsch Catalysts in a Milli-Fixed-Bed Reactor: Experiments and Modeling. Ind Eng Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ie4040303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Majid Sadeqzadeh
- Unité
de Catalyse et de Chimie du Solide (UCCS), UMR 8181 CNRS, Université Lille 1-ENSCL-EC-Lille, Cité scientifique, Bât
C3, 59655 Villeneuve
d’Ascq, France
| | - Stéphane Chambrey
- Unité
de Catalyse et de Chimie du Solide (UCCS), UMR 8181 CNRS, Université Lille 1-ENSCL-EC-Lille, Cité scientifique, Bât
C3, 59655 Villeneuve
d’Ascq, France
| | - Jingping Hong
- Unité
de Catalyse et de Chimie du Solide (UCCS), UMR 8181 CNRS, Université Lille 1-ENSCL-EC-Lille, Cité scientifique, Bât
C3, 59655 Villeneuve
d’Ascq, France
| | - Pascal Fongarland
- Institut
de recherches sur la catalyse et l’environnement de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, UMR 5256 CNRS, IRCELYON, 2 avenue Albert Einstein, 69626 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Francis Luck
- Scientific
Development Division, TOTAL S.A., 24 Cours Michelet, 92069 Paris La Defense Cedex, France
| | | | - Daniel Schweich
- Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés Catalytiques, UMR 5285 CNRS, CPE Lyon, 43 Bd.
du 11 Novembre, BP 2077, 69616 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Jacques Bousquet
- TOTAL S.A., 2 place Jean Millier, 92078 Paris la Défense
Cedex, France
| | - Andrei Y. Khodakov
- Unité
de Catalyse et de Chimie du Solide (UCCS), UMR 8181 CNRS, Université Lille 1-ENSCL-EC-Lille, Cité scientifique, Bât
C3, 59655 Villeneuve
d’Ascq, France
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
van Santen RA, Markvoort AJ, Filot IAW, Ghouri MM, Hensen EJM. Mechanism and microkinetics of the Fischer-Tropsch reaction. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 15:17038-63. [PMID: 24030478 DOI: 10.1039/c3cp52506f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The increasing availability of quantum-chemical data on surface reaction intermediates invites one to revisit unresolved mechanistic issues in heterogeneous catalysis. One such issue of particular current interest is the molecular basis of the Fischer-Tropsch reaction. Here we review current molecular understanding of this reaction that converts synthesis gas into longer hydrocarbons where we especially elucidate recent progress due to the contributions of computational catalysis. This perspective highlights the theoretical approach to heterogeneous catalysis that aims for kinetic prediction from quantum-chemical first principle data. Discussion of the Fischer-Tropsch reaction from this point of view is interesting because of the several mechanistic options available for this reaction. There are many proposals on the nature of the monomeric single C atom containing intermediate that is inserted into the growing hydrocarbon chain as well as on the nature of the growing hydrocarbon chain itself. Two dominant conflicting mechanistic proposals of the Fischer-Tropsch reaction that will be especially compared are the carbide mechanism and the CO insertion mechanism, which involve cleavage of the C-O bond of CO before incorporation of a CHx species into the growing hydrocarbon chain (the carbide mechanism) or after incorporation into the growing hydrocarbon chain (the CO insertion mechanism). The choice of a particular mechanism has important kinetic consequences. Since it is based on molecular information it also affects the structure sensitivity of this particular reaction and hence influences the choice of catalyst composition. We will show how quantum-chemical information on the relative stability of relevant reaction intermediates and estimates of the rate constants of corresponding elementary surface reactions provides a firm foundation to the kinetic analysis of such reactions and allows one to discriminate between the different mechanistic options. The paper will be concluded with a short perspective section dealing with the needs for future research. Many of the current key questions on the physical chemistry as well as computational study of heterogeneous catalysis relate to particular topics for further research on the fundamental aspects of Fischer-Tropsch catalysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R A van Santen
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
van Santen RA, Ghouri M, Hensen EMJ. Microkinetics of oxygenate formation in the Fischer–Tropsch reaction. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:10041-58. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp54950j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Selective formation of long chain oxygenates from synthesis gas comes at the cost of increased methane formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rutger A. van Santen
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials Chemistry
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry
- Eindhoven University of Technology
- Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems
| | - Minhaj Ghouri
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials Chemistry
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry
- Eindhoven University of Technology
- Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems
| | - Emiel M. J. Hensen
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials Chemistry
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry
- Eindhoven University of Technology
- Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Teng BT, Wen XD, Fan M, Wu FM, Zhang Y. Choosing a proper exchange–correlation functional for the computational catalysis on surface. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:18563-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp01868k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A step-by-step approach for screening a reliable exchange–correlation functional in computational catalysis on a surface is proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Tao Teng
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences
- Zhejiang Normal University
- Jinhua 321004, China
- Department of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering
- University of Wyoming
| | - Xiao-Dong Wen
- Institute of Coal Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Taiyuan, China
| | - Maohong Fan
- Department of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering
- University of Wyoming
- Laramie, USA
| | - Feng-Min Wu
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences
- Zhejiang Normal University
- Jinhua 321004, China
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Law Y, Doh W, Luo W, Zafeiratos S. A comparative study of ethanol reactivity over Ni, Co and NiCo-ZnO model catalysts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2013.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
36
|
Lewis EA, Le D, Jewell AD, Murphy CJ, Rahman TS, Sykes ECH. Segregation of Fischer–Tropsch reactants on cobalt nanoparticle surfaces. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:6537-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc01680g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Scanning tunnelling microscopy reveals segregation of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, the two Fischer–Tropsch synthesis reactants, on cobalt nanoparticles at catalytically relevant coverages. Density functional theory calculations elucidate the energetics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E. A. Lewis
- Department of Chemistry
- Tufts University
- Medford, USA
| | - D. Le
- Department of Physics
- University of Central Florida
- Orlando, USA
| | - A. D. Jewell
- Department of Chemistry
- Tufts University
- Medford, USA
| | - C. J. Murphy
- Department of Chemistry
- Tufts University
- Medford, USA
| | - T. S. Rahman
- Department of Physics
- University of Central Florida
- Orlando, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
|
38
|
Ho SW, Chen WT, Wu DE. Effects of Titania on the Adsorptive and Catalytic Properties of Silica-Supported Cobalt Catalyst. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.199800110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
39
|
|
40
|
van Santen RA, Markvoort AJ. Chain Growth by CO Insertion in the Fischer-Tropsch Reaction. ChemCatChem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201300173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
41
|
Zhuo M, Borgna A, Saeys M. Effect of the CO coverage on the Fischer–Tropsch synthesis mechanism on cobalt catalysts. J Catal 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2012.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
42
|
|
43
|
Lewis EA, Jewell AD, Kyriakou G, Sykes ECH. Rediscovering cobalt's surface chemistry. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:7215-24. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp23691e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
44
|
Roos M, Böcking D, Gyimah KO, Kucerova G, Bansmann J, Biskupek J, Kaiser U, Hüsing N, Behm RJ. Nanostructured, mesoporous Au/TiO(2) model catalysts - structure, stability and catalytic properties. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2011; 2:593-606. [PMID: 22003465 PMCID: PMC3190629 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.2.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2011] [Accepted: 08/31/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Aiming at model systems with close-to-realistic transport properties, we have prepared and studied planar Au/TiO(2) thin-film model catalysts consisting of a thin mesoporous TiO(2) film of 200-400 nm thickness with Au nanoparticles, with a mean particle size of ~2 nm diameter, homogeneously distributed therein. The systems were prepared by spin-coating of a mesoporous TiO(2) film from solutions of ethanolic titanium tetraisopropoxide and Pluronic P123 on planar Si(100) substrates, calcination at 350 °C and subsequent Au loading by a deposition-precipitation procedure, followed by a final calcination step for catalyst activation. The structural and chemical properties of these model systems were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), N(2) adsorption, inductively coupled plasma ionization spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The catalytic properties were evaluated through the oxidation of CO as a test reaction, and reactivities were measured directly above the film with a scanning mass spectrometer. We can demonstrate that the thin-film model catalysts closely resemble dispersed Au/TiO(2) supported catalysts in their characteristic structural and catalytic properties, and hence can be considered as suitable for catalytic model studies. The linear increase of the catalytic activity with film thickness indicates that transport limitations inside the Au/TiO(2) film catalyst are negligible, i.e., below the detection limit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Roos
- Institute of Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, Ulm University, D-89069 Ulm, Germany
| | - Dominique Böcking
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Ulm University, D-89069 Ulm, Germany
| | - Kwabena Offeh Gyimah
- Institute of Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, Ulm University, D-89069 Ulm, Germany
| | - Gabriela Kucerova
- Institute of Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, Ulm University, D-89069 Ulm, Germany
| | - Joachim Bansmann
- Institute of Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, Ulm University, D-89069 Ulm, Germany
| | - Johannes Biskupek
- Transmission Electron Microscopy Group, Ulm University, D-89069 Ulm, Germany
| | - Ute Kaiser
- Transmission Electron Microscopy Group, Ulm University, D-89069 Ulm, Germany
| | - Nicola Hüsing
- Materials Chemistry, Paris-Lodron University Salzburg, Austria
| | - R Jürgen Behm
- Institute of Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, Ulm University, D-89069 Ulm, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
A Highly Active and Selective Manganese Oxide Promoted Cobalt-on-Silica Fischer–Tropsch Catalyst. Top Catal 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-011-9703-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
46
|
Tan KF, Chang J, Borgna A, Saeys M. Effect of boron promotion on the stability of cobalt Fischer–Tropsch catalysts. J Catal 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2011.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
47
|
van Santen R, Ciobîcă I, van Steen E, Ghouri M. Mechanistic Issues in Fischer–Tropsch Catalysis. ADVANCES IN CATALYSIS 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-387772-7.00003-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
|
48
|
Wang ZJ, Yan Z, Liu CJ, Goodman DW. Surface Science Studies on Cobalt Fischer-Tropsch Catalysts. ChemCatChem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201000319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
49
|
Tsakoumis NE, Rønning M, Borg Ø, Rytter E, Holmen A. Deactivation of cobalt based Fischer–Tropsch catalysts: A review. Catal Today 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2010.02.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 447] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
50
|
|