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Li HF, Wang HQ, Zhang YK. Exploring the Structural and Electronic Properties of Niobium Carbide Clusters: A Density Functional Theory Study. Molecules 2024; 29:3238. [PMID: 38999190 PMCID: PMC11243446 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29133238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This paper systematically investigates the structure, stability, and electronic properties of niobium carbide clusters, NbmCn (m = 5, 6; n = 1-7), using density functional theory. Nb5C2 and Nb5C6 possess higher dissociation energies and second-order difference energies, indicating that they have higher thermodynamic stability. Moreover, ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations are used to demonstrate the thermal stability of these structures. The analysis of the density of states indicates that the molecular orbitals of NbmCn (m = 5, 6; n = 1-7) are primarily contributed by niobium atoms, with carbon atoms having a smaller contribution. The composition of the frontier molecular orbitals reveals that niobium atoms contribute approximately 73.1% to 99.8% to NbmCn clusters, while carbon atoms contribute about 0.2% to 26.9%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Fang Li
- College of Engineering, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou 362021, China
| | - Huai-Qian Wang
- College of Engineering, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou 362021, China
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Yu-Kun Zhang
- College of Engineering, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou 362021, China
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Li HF, Wang HQ, Zhang JM, Qin LX, Zheng H, Zhang YH. Investigation of Structures, Stabilities, and Electronic and Magnetic Properties of Niobium Carbon Clusters Nb 7C n (n = 1-7). Molecules 2024; 29:1692. [PMID: 38675512 PMCID: PMC11051814 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The geometrical structures, relative stabilities, and electronic and magnetic properties of niobium carbon clusters, Nb7Cn (n = 1-7), are investigated in this study. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations, coupled with the Saunders Kick global search, are conducted to explore the structural properties of Nb7Cn (n = 1-7). The results regarding the average binding energy, second-order difference energy, dissociation energy, HOMO-LUMO gap, and chemical hardness highlight the robust stability of Nb7C3. Analysis of the density of states suggests that the molecular orbitals of Nb7Cn primarily consist of orbitals from the transition metal Nb, with minimal involvement of C atoms. Spin density and natural population analysis reveal that the total magnetic moment of Nb7Cn predominantly resides on the Nb atoms. The contribution of Nb atoms to the total magnetic moment stems mainly from the 4d orbital, followed by the 5p, 5s, and 6s orbitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Fang Li
- College of Engineering, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou 362021, China
| | - Huai-Qian Wang
- College of Engineering, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou 362021, China
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Jia-Ming Zhang
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Lan-Xin Qin
- College of Engineering, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou 362021, China
| | - Hao Zheng
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Yong-Hang Zhang
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
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Megha, Banerjee A, Ghanty TK. Role of metcar on the adsorption and activation of carbon dioxide: a DFT study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:5559-5570. [PMID: 33651070 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp05756h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Metallocarbohedrenes or metcars belong to one of the classes of stable nanoclusters having a specific stoichiometry. In spite of the available theoretical and experimental studies, the structure of pristine Ti8C12 metcar is still uncertain. We study the geometric structure of a titanium metcar, Ti8C12, together with its electronic properties and chemical activity towards adsorption and activation of CO2 molecule by means of density functional theory. Our results suggest that the CO2 molecule is strongly adsorbed and undergoes a significantly high degree of activation onto the Ti8C12 metcar. The migration of charge from titanium metcar to CO2 molecule attributes the high degree of activation of this molecule. In the infrared vibrational spectra for CO2 molecule adsorbed onto Ti8C12, we find a new signal which is absent in the corresponding spectra for gaseous CO2. In addition to adsorption energy, we also estimate the energy barrier for the dissociation of CO2 molecule to CO and O fragments on a Ti8C12 cluster. As a whole, this work reveals the ground state geometry of Ti8C12 metcar and highlights the role of this metcar in CO2 adsorption and activation, which are the key steps in designing potential catalysts for CO2 capture and its conversion to industrially valuable chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megha
- Human Resources Development Section, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore 452013, India and Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Arup Banerjee
- Human Resources Development Section, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore 452013, India and Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Tapan K Ghanty
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India and Theoretical Chemistry Section, Chemistry Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India and Bio-Science Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India.
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Sengupta T, Khan MS, Pal S. Mechanistic Investigation of the Carbon-Iodine Bond Activation on the Niobium-Carbon Cluster. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:5335-5347. [PMID: 31457802 PMCID: PMC6644337 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b00894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The activation process of carbon-iodine (C-I) bond on neutral and cationic niobium metcars (Nb8C12) is investigated using density functional theory and related computational techniques. Metallocarbohedrenes or metcars are a class of stable metal-carbide clusters of specific stoichiometry and of great interest to cluster chemists since their first discovery. The detailed reaction mechanism along with the overall energy profile of the C-I dissociation reaction on niobium metcar and its cations is presented in this paper. The tunneling-corrected rate constants and their related reaction parameters such as the pre-exponential factor are also included alongside. The major differences between the reaction mechanism of the neutral and cationic metcars are also highlighted as well. Despite the available experimental results, the C-I bond dissociation on metcars has remained an unexplored problem in the theoretical and computational domains. Thus, the present investigation can fill in the gap and may also provide new insights provoking further developments in cluster and materials chemistry in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Turbasu Sengupta
- Physical
Chemistry Division, CSIR National Chemical
Laboratory, Pune 411008, India
| | - Muntazir S. Khan
- Physical
Chemistry Division, CSIR National Chemical
Laboratory, Pune 411008, India
| | - Sourav Pal
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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Fukushima N, Miyajima K, Mafuné F. Ionization Energies of Niobium Carbide Clusters NbnCm (n = 3−10, m = 0−7). J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:2309-15. [DOI: 10.1021/jp809915c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Fukushima
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Ken Miyajima
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Fumitaka Mafuné
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
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Ticknor BW, Bandyopadhyay B, Duncan MA. Photodissociation of Noble Metal-Doped Carbon Clusters. J Phys Chem A 2008; 112:12355-66. [DOI: 10.1021/jp807867r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- B. W. Ticknor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-2556
| | - B. Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-2556
| | - M. A. Duncan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-2556
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Miyajima K, Fukushima N, Mafuné F. Reactivity of Niobium−Carbon Cluster Ions with Hydrogen Molecules in Relation to Formation Mechanism of Met−Car Cluster Ions. J Phys Chem A 2008; 112:5774-6. [PMID: 18537226 DOI: 10.1021/jp803247h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ken Miyajima
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Naoya Fukushima
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Fumitaka Mafuné
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
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Negishi A, Kariya N, Sugawara KI, Arai I, Hiura H, Kanayama T. Size-selective formation of tungsten cluster-containing silicon cages by the reactions of Wn+(n=1–5) with SiH4. Chem Phys Lett 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander I. Boldyrev
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322-0300
| | - Lai-Sheng Wang
- Department of Physics, Washington State University, 2710 University Drive, Richland, Washington 99352, and W. R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K8-88, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352
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Auberry KJ, Byun YG, Jacobson DB, Freiser BS. Kinetics of Metallocarbohedrenes: An FT-ICR Mass Spectrometry Study of the Association Reactions of Ti8C12+ with Polar and Nonpolar Molecules. J Phys Chem A 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/jp991806s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ken J. Auberry
- H. C. Brown Laboratory of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - Yong Gwan Byun
- H. C. Brown Laboratory of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - Denley B. Jacobson
- H. C. Brown Laboratory of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - Ben S. Freiser
- H. C. Brown Laboratory of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
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Rashidzadeh H, Guo B. Generation of large gas-phase silver cluster ions by laser desorption/ionization of silver-containing salts. Chem Phys Lett 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(99)00819-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Sakurai H, Castleman AW. Adsorption of methane molecules on neutral titanium Met-Cars. J Chem Phys 1999. [DOI: 10.1063/1.479446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Muñoz J, Rohmer MM, Bénard M, Bo C, Poblet JM. The Structure and Growth Mechanism of Small Titanium Carbide Clusters: A Competition between C2 and C4 Carbon Chains. J Phys Chem A 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/jp990742i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Muñoz
- Departament de Quimica Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Pc. Imperial Tarraco 1, 43005-Tarragona, Spain, and Laboratoire de Chimie Quantique, UMR 7551 CNRS and Université Louis Pasteur, 4 rue B. Pascal, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Marie-Madeleine Rohmer
- Departament de Quimica Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Pc. Imperial Tarraco 1, 43005-Tarragona, Spain, and Laboratoire de Chimie Quantique, UMR 7551 CNRS and Université Louis Pasteur, 4 rue B. Pascal, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Marc Bénard
- Departament de Quimica Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Pc. Imperial Tarraco 1, 43005-Tarragona, Spain, and Laboratoire de Chimie Quantique, UMR 7551 CNRS and Université Louis Pasteur, 4 rue B. Pascal, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Carles Bo
- Departament de Quimica Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Pc. Imperial Tarraco 1, 43005-Tarragona, Spain, and Laboratoire de Chimie Quantique, UMR 7551 CNRS and Université Louis Pasteur, 4 rue B. Pascal, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Josep-M. Poblet
- Departament de Quimica Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Pc. Imperial Tarraco 1, 43005-Tarragona, Spain, and Laboratoire de Chimie Quantique, UMR 7551 CNRS and Université Louis Pasteur, 4 rue B. Pascal, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
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17
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Sakurai H, Castleman AW. Ionization Potentials for the Titanium, Zirconium, and the Mixed Metal Met-Cars. J Phys Chem A 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/jp983287j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. Sakurai
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - A. W. Castleman
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
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Wang LS, Wang XB, Wu H, Cheng H. New Magic Numbers in TixCy- Anion Clusters and Implications for the Growth Mechanisms of Titanium Carbide Clusters. J Am Chem Soc 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/ja9741990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lai-Sheng Wang
- Contribution from the Department of Physics, Washington State University, Richland, Washington 99352, Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K8-88, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, and Air Products and Chemicals, Inc., 7201 Hamilton Boulevard, Allentown, Pennsylvania 18195
| | - Xue-Bin Wang
- Contribution from the Department of Physics, Washington State University, Richland, Washington 99352, Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K8-88, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, and Air Products and Chemicals, Inc., 7201 Hamilton Boulevard, Allentown, Pennsylvania 18195
| | - Hongbin Wu
- Contribution from the Department of Physics, Washington State University, Richland, Washington 99352, Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K8-88, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, and Air Products and Chemicals, Inc., 7201 Hamilton Boulevard, Allentown, Pennsylvania 18195
| | - Hansong Cheng
- Contribution from the Department of Physics, Washington State University, Richland, Washington 99352, Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K8-88, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, and Air Products and Chemicals, Inc., 7201 Hamilton Boulevard, Allentown, Pennsylvania 18195
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Ge M, Feng J, Tian W, Li Z, Huang X, Sun C. Ab initio SCF calculations of Ti8C12(H2O)8 and Ti8C12(C2H4)4. Chem Phys Lett 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(97)01219-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Muñoz J, Pujol C, Bo C, Poblet JM, Rohmer MM, Benard M. DFT Description of Binary Metal Met-Cars TixZryC12 (x + y = 8) and of Some Conformers of the M6C12, M7C12, and M8C13 Clusters (M = Ti, Zr). J Phys Chem A 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/jp971829b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Muñoz
- Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Pc. Imperial Tarraco 1, 43005-Tarragona, Spain, and Laboratoire de Chimie Quantique, UPR 139 du CNRS, Université Louis Pasteur, 4 rue B. Pascal, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Cinta Pujol
- Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Pc. Imperial Tarraco 1, 43005-Tarragona, Spain, and Laboratoire de Chimie Quantique, UPR 139 du CNRS, Université Louis Pasteur, 4 rue B. Pascal, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Carles Bo
- Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Pc. Imperial Tarraco 1, 43005-Tarragona, Spain, and Laboratoire de Chimie Quantique, UPR 139 du CNRS, Université Louis Pasteur, 4 rue B. Pascal, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Josep-M. Poblet
- Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Pc. Imperial Tarraco 1, 43005-Tarragona, Spain, and Laboratoire de Chimie Quantique, UPR 139 du CNRS, Université Louis Pasteur, 4 rue B. Pascal, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Marie-Madeleine Rohmer
- Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Pc. Imperial Tarraco 1, 43005-Tarragona, Spain, and Laboratoire de Chimie Quantique, UPR 139 du CNRS, Université Louis Pasteur, 4 rue B. Pascal, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Marc Benard
- Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Pc. Imperial Tarraco 1, 43005-Tarragona, Spain, and Laboratoire de Chimie Quantique, UPR 139 du CNRS, Université Louis Pasteur, 4 rue B. Pascal, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
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Wang LS, Li S, Wu H. Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Electronic Structure of Met-Car Ti8C12. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9630683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lai-Sheng Wang
- Department of Physics, Washington State University, Richland, Washington 99352, and Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K2-14, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352
| | - San Li
- Department of Physics, Washington State University, Richland, Washington 99352, and Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K2-14, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352
| | - Hongbin Wu
- Department of Physics, Washington State University, Richland, Washington 99352, and Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K2-14, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352
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