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Kumar M, Pandey S. n-Perfluorooctane versus n-Octane: Pyrene Fluorescence to Compare and Contrast Solute Solvation. J Phys Chem B 2024. [PMID: 39129264 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.4c03854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Fluorous solvents may offer distinctly different solvation environments to a solute compared to their hydrocarbon analogues due to the inherently high electronegativity associated with fluorine. Solute solvation within n-perfluorooctane (PFO) is compared with that in n-octane using the well-established polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) fluorescence probe pyrene in the temperature range of 288 to 318 K. Both density (ρ) and dynamic viscosity (η) of PFO are considerably higher than those of n-octane. UV-vis molecular absorbance, fluorescence emission/excitation, and excited-state emission intensity decay reveal the cybotactic region of pyrene to be more nonpolar in PFO than that in n-octane. Bimolecular quenching rate constants (kq) for the pyrene-nitrobenzene fluorophore-quencher pair adhere to the Stokes-Einstein formulation; however, they are considerably higher than the estimated rate constants for the diffusion-controlled process (kdiff). This is due to the high electron affinity of nitrobenzene leading to aromatic π-π interactions between pyrene and nitrobenzene. For a nonaromatic low electron affinity quencher, such as nitromethane, while kq < kdiff in n-octane, kq > kdiff in PFO. This is due to the fact that highly electronegative fluorines on PFO stabilize the partial positive charge (δ+) that develops on excited pyrene during electron/charge transfer to the quencher nitromethane, facilitating quenching in the process. Exciplex formation between pyrene and triethylamine (TEA) is more favored in PFO as opposed to n-octane although ηPFO > ηn-octane. The developing charge on the exciplex is stabilized by the electronegative fluorines of the PFO. The pyrene-TEA exciplex appears to form exclusively in the excited state of pyrene, and the kinetics of exciplex formation is in the subnanosecond regime. On the contrary, the efficiency of exciplex formation between pyrene and N,N-dimethylaniline (DMA) is comparable in PFO and n-octane, and the kinetics is slower in comparison to that of the pyrene-TEA exciplex. Certain ground-state heterogeneity is detected for the pyrene-DMA system in PFO due to the low solubilizing ability of the fluorous solvent. Highly electronegative fluorines on perfluorohydrocarbon solvents are found to offer unusual and unique solvation characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Siddharth Pandey
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
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Shafiei M, Kazemzadeh Y, Escrochi M, Cortés FB, Franco CA, Riazi M. A comprehensive review direct methods to overcome the limitations of gas injection during the EOR process. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7468. [PMID: 38553487 PMCID: PMC10980774 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58217-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Among the Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) methods, gas-based EOR methods are very popular all over the world. The gas injection has a high ability to increase microscopic sweep efficiency and can increase production efficiency well. However, it should be noted that in addition to all the advantages of these methods, they have disadvantages such as damage due to asphaltene deposition, unfavorable mobility ratio, and reduced efficiency of macroscopic displacement. In this paper, the gas injection process and its challenges were investigated. Then the overcoming methods of these challenges were investigated. To inhibit asphaltene deposition during gas injection, the use of nanoparticles was proposed, which were examined in two categories: liquid-soluble and gas-soluble, and the limitations of each were examined. Various methods were used to overcome the problem of unfavorable mobility ratio and their advantages and disadvantages were discussed. Gas-phase modification has the potential to reduce the challenges and limitations of direct gas injection and significantly increase recovery efficiency. In the first part, the introduction of gas injection and the enhanced oil recovery mechanisms during gas injection were mentioned. In the next part, the challenges of gas injection, which included unfavorable mobility ratio and asphaltene deposition, were investigated. In the third step, gas-phase mobility control methods investigate, emphasizing thickeners, thickening mechanisms, and field applications of mobility control methods. In the last part, to investigate the effect of nanoparticles on asphaltene deposition and reducing the minimum miscible pressure in two main subsets: 1- use of nanoparticles indirectly to prevent asphaltene deposition and reduce surface tension and 2- use of nanoparticles as a direct asphaltene inhibitor and Reduce MMP of the gas phase in crude oil was investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Shafiei
- IOR/EOR Research Institute, Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) Research Centre, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Yousef Kazemzadeh
- IOR/EOR Research Institute, Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) Research Centre, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, Faculty of Petroleum, Gas, and Petrochemical Engineering, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Escrochi
- IOR/EOR Research Institute, Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) Research Centre, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Farid B Cortés
- Grupo de Investigación en Fenómenos de Superficie, Departamento de Procesos y Energía, Facultad de Minas, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Medellín, 050034, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Camilo A Franco
- Grupo de Investigación en Fenómenos de Superficie, Departamento de Procesos y Energía, Facultad de Minas, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Medellín, 050034, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Masoud Riazi
- IOR/EOR Research Institute, Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) Research Centre, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
- School of Mining and Geosciences, Nazarbayev University, Kabanbay Batyr 53, 010000, Astana, Kazakhstan.
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Ye M, Zhang H, Wu Z, Ding C, Jin Z, Wang F, Bian H. Supercritical carbon dioxide microemulsion stabilized with zwitterionic surfactant: A dissipative particle dynamics simulation study. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Gromov OI, Kostenko MO, Petrunin AV, Popova AA, Parenago OO, Minaev NV, Golubeva EN, Melnikov MY. Solute Diffusion into Polymer Swollen by Supercritical CO 2 by High-Pressure Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Chromatography. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13183059. [PMID: 34577959 PMCID: PMC8466873 DOI: 10.3390/polym13183059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
High-pressure electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) was used to measure translational diffusion coefficients (Dtr) of a TEMPONE spin probe in poly(D,L-lactide) (PDLLA) and swollen in supercritical CO2. Dtr was measured on two scales: macroscopic scale (>1 μm), by measuring spin probe uptake by the sample; and microscopic scale (<10 nm), by using concentration-dependent spectrum broadening. Both methods yield similar translational diffusion coefficients (in the range 5-10 × 10-12 m2/s at 40-60 °C and 8-10 MPa). Swollen PDLLA was found to be homogeneous on the nanometer scale, although the TEMPONE spin probe in the polymer exhibited higher rotational mobility (τcorr = 6 × 10-11 s) than expected, based on its Dtr. To measure distribution coefficients of the solute between the swollen polymer and the supercritical medium, supercritical chromatography with sampling directly from the high-pressure vessel was used. A distinct difference between powder and bulk polymer samples was only observed at the start of the impregnation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg I. Gromov
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye Gory, 1-3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.P.); (O.O.P.); (E.N.G.); (M.Y.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Mikhail O. Kostenko
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prosp. 31, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | | | - Anastasia A. Popova
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye Gory, 1-3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.P.); (O.O.P.); (E.N.G.); (M.Y.M.)
| | - Olga O. Parenago
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye Gory, 1-3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.P.); (O.O.P.); (E.N.G.); (M.Y.M.)
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prosp. 31, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Nikita V. Minaev
- Federal Scientific Research Centre “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Institute of Photon Technologies, Pionerskaya Str. 2, Troitsk, 108840 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Elena N. Golubeva
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye Gory, 1-3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.P.); (O.O.P.); (E.N.G.); (M.Y.M.)
| | - Mikhail Ya. Melnikov
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye Gory, 1-3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.P.); (O.O.P.); (E.N.G.); (M.Y.M.)
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Alekseev ES, Alentiev AY, Belova AS, Bogdan VI, Bogdan TV, Bystrova AV, Gafarova ER, Golubeva EN, Grebenik EA, Gromov OI, Davankov VA, Zlotin SG, Kiselev MG, Koklin AE, Kononevich YN, Lazhko AE, Lunin VV, Lyubimov SE, Martyanov ON, Mishanin II, Muzafarov AM, Nesterov NS, Nikolaev AY, Oparin RD, Parenago OO, Parenago OP, Pokusaeva YA, Ronova IA, Solovieva AB, Temnikov MN, Timashev PS, Turova OV, Filatova EV, Philippov AA, Chibiryaev AM, Shalygin AS. Supercritical fluids in chemistry. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2020. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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6
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Zhu H, Li Y, Zhou D, Xu Q, Yin J. Molecular dynamics study on microstructure of supercritical CO2 microemulsions containing ionic liquids. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.125272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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7
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Spectroscopic Studies of a Phosphonium Ionic Liquid in Supercritical CO2. CHEMENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/chemengineering4020020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescence spectroscopy was used to study a solution comprised of coumarin 153 (C153)+ trihexyltetradecylphosphonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([P6,6,6,14]+ [Tf2N]−)+ supercritical CO2 (scCO2). We compare the spectroscopy of C153 in neat scCO2 to that of C153/scCO2 with the addition of ionic liquid (IL). Excitation and emission peak frequencies of C153 in scCO2 and in IL/scCO2 diverged at reduced densities (ρr = ρ/ρc) below the CO2 critical density. At low fluid density, spectral changes in the IL/scCO2 solutions showed evidence that C153 experiences a very different microenvironment—one that is unlike neat scCO2. The data show that the presence of IL clearly influences the C153 excitation and emission profiles. Excitation was broadened and red shifted by >2000 cm−1 and the presence of an additional low-energy emission component that was red shifted by ~3000 cm−1 was clearly visible and not observed in neat scCO2. The solution heterogeneity was controlled by changing the scCO2 density and at high fluid density, both the excitation and emission spectra were more similar to those in neat scCO2. Steady-state anisotropy also showed that at low fluid density, the C153 emission was significantly polarized. Aggregation of C153 has been reported in the literature and this led us to hypothesize the possibility that C153 dimer (aggregation) formation may be occurring in scCO2. Another possible explanation is that dye–IL aggregates may dissolve into the scCO2 phase due to C153 acting as a “co-solvent” for the IL. Time-resolved intensity decay measurements yielded only slightly non-exponential decays with accompanying time constants of ~3–4 ns that were significantly shorter than the 5–6 ns time constants in neat scCO2, which are suggestive of C153–IL interactions. However, these data did not conclusively support dimer formation. Pre-exponential factors of the time constants showed that almost all of the emission was due to monomeric C153.
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Ren HR, Liang XD, Zhou D, Yin JZ. Study on the Phase Behavior and Molecular Dynamics Simulation of a Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Microemulsion Containing Ionic Liquid. Ind Eng Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b00452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Rui Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Fine
Chemicals, School of Chemical Machinery, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Xiang-Dong Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine
Chemicals, School of Chemical Machinery, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Dan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Fine
Chemicals, School of Chemical Machinery, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Jian-Zhong Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Fine
Chemicals, School of Chemical Machinery, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
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Klemmer HFM, Harbauer C, Strey R, Grillo I, Sottmann T. Formation Kinetics of Oil-Rich, Nonionic Microemulsions. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:6360-6366. [PMID: 27257802 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b00738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The formation kinetics of oil-rich, nonionic microemulsions were investigated along different mixing pathways using a fast stopped-flow device in combination with the new high-flux small-angle neutron spectrometer D33 (ILL, Grenoble, France). While the kinetics along most pathways were too fast to be resolved, two processes could be detected mixing brine and the binary cyclohexane/C10E5 solution. Here, too, the formation of large water-in-oil droplets was found to be faster than 20 ms and therewith faster than the accessible dead time. However, subsequently, both the disintegration of the large water-in-oil droplets (600 Å) and the uptake of water by swollen micelles (50-60 Å) could be resolved. Both processes occur on the time scale of a second. Strikingly, the total internal interface forms faster than 20 ms and does not change over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helge F M Klemmer
- Physikalische Chemie, Department Chemie, Universität zu Köln , Luxemburger Straße 116, 50939 Cologne, Germany
| | - Carola Harbauer
- Physikalische Chemie, Department Chemie, Universität zu Köln , Luxemburger Straße 116, 50939 Cologne, Germany
| | - Reinhard Strey
- Physikalische Chemie, Department Chemie, Universität zu Köln , Luxemburger Straße 116, 50939 Cologne, Germany
| | - Isabelle Grillo
- Institut Laue-Langevin, CS 20156, 38042, Grenoble, Cedex 9, France
| | - Thomas Sottmann
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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11
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Yan C, Sagisaka M, Rogers SE, Hazell G, Peach J, Eastoe J. Shape Modification of Water-in-CO2 Microemulsion Droplets through Mixing of Hydrocarbon and Fluorocarbon Amphiphiles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:1421-1428. [PMID: 26807476 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b03630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
An oxygen-rich hydrocarbon (HC) amphiphile has been developed as an additive for supercritical CO2 (scCO2). The effects of this custom-designed amphiphile have been studied in water-in-CO2 (w/c) microemulsions stabilized by analogous fluorocarbon (FC) surfactants, nFG(EO)2, which are known to form spherical w/c microemulsion droplets. By applying contrast-variation small-angle neutron scattering (CV-SANS), evidence has been obtained for anisotropic structures in the mixed systems. The shape transition is attributed to the hydrocarbon additive, which modifies the curvature of the mixed surfactant films. This can be considered as a potential method to enhance physicochemical properties of scCO2 through elongation of w/c microemulsion droplets. More importantly, by studying self-assembly in these mixed systems, fundamental understanding can be developed on the packing of HC and FC amphiphiles at water/CO2 interfaces. This provides guidelines for the design of fluorine-free CO2 active surfactants, and therefore, practical industrial scale applications of scCO2 could be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ci Yan
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol , Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Masanobu Sagisaka
- Department of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University , Bunkyo-cho 3, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, Japan
| | - Sarah E Rogers
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, ISIS Facility, Chilton, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Gavin Hazell
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol , Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Jocelyn Peach
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol , Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Julian Eastoe
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol , Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
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12
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Müller A, Pütz Y, Oberhoffer R, Becker N, Strey R, Wiedenmann A, Sottmann T. Kinetics of pressure induced structural changes in super- or near-critical CO2-microemulsions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 16:18092-7. [PMID: 25061846 DOI: 10.1039/c3cp53790k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
CO2-microemulsions show strong pressure dependent properties. Using time-resolved SANS to investigate the kinetics of structural changes upon periodic pressure jumps of adjustable amplitude, we found that the compression-induced formation of cylinders occurs on a timescale of one second, whereas the expansion-induced disintegration into CO2 swollen spherical micelles is much faster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Müller
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Luxemburger Straße 116, 50939 Cologne, Germany
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13
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Serrà A, Gómez E, Calderó G, Esquena J, Solans C, Vallés E. Conductive microemulsions for template CoNi electrodeposition. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:14653-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp52021h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Sagisaka M, Iwama S, Yoshizawa A, Mohamed A, Cummings S, Eastoe J. Effective and efficient surfactant for CO2 having only short fluorocarbon chains. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:10988-10996. [PMID: 22738302 DOI: 10.1021/la301305q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A previous study (Langmuir2011, 27, 5772) found the fluorinated double-tail sulfogulutarate 8FG(EO)(2) to act as a superefficient solubilizer for water in supercritical CO(2) (W/CO(2)) microemulsions. To explore more economic CO(2)-philic surfactants with high solubilizing power as well as rapid solubilization rates, the effects of fluorocarbon chain length and linking group were examined with sodium 1,5-bis(1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluoroalkyloxy)-1,5-dioxopentane-2-sulfonates (nFG(EO)(2), fluorocarbon chain length n = 4, 6, 8) and sodium 1,4-bis(1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluoroalkyloxy)-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulfonate (nFS(EO)(2), n = 4, 8). Visual observation and UV-vis spectral measurements with methyl orange as a reporter dye indicated a maximum water-to-surfactant molar ratio (W(0)) in the microemulsions, which was 60-80 for nFG(EO)(2) and 40-50 for nFG(EO)(2). Although it is normally expected that high solubilizing power requires long fluorocarbon surfactant chains, the shortest fluorocarbon 4FG(EO)(2) interestingly achieved the highest W(0) (80) transparent single-phase W/CO(2) microemulsion. In addition, a very rapid solubilization of loaded water into CO(2) was observed for 4FG(EO)(2) even at a high W(0) of ~80.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanobu Sagisaka
- Department of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan.
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Mohamed A, Sagisaka M, Hollamby M, Rogers SE, Heenan RK, Dyer R, Eastoe J. Hybrid CO2-philic surfactants with low fluorine content. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:6299-6306. [PMID: 22455477 DOI: 10.1021/la3005322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The relationships between molecular architecture, aggregation, and interfacial activity of a new class of CO(2)-philic hybrid surfactants are investigated. The new hybrid surfactant CF2/AOT4 [sodium (4H,4H,5H,5H,5H-pentafluoropentyl-3,5,5-trimethyl-1-hexyl)-2-sulfosuccinate] was synthesized, having one hydrocarbon chain and one separate fluorocarbon chain. This hybrid H-F chain structure strikes a fine balance of properties, on one hand minimizing the fluorine content, while on the other maintaining a sufficient level of CO(2)-philicity. The surfactant has been investigated by a range of techniques including high-pressure phase behavior, UV-visible spectroscopy, small-angle neutron scattering (SANS), and air-water (a/w) surface tension measurements. The results advance the understanding of structure-function relationships for generating CO(2)-philic surfactants and are therefore beneficial for expanding applications of CO(2) to realize its potential using the most economic and efficient surfactants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azmi Mohamed
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
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Mohamed A, Sagisaka M, Guittard F, Cummings S, Paul A, Rogers SE, Heenan RK, Dyer R, Eastoe J. Low fluorine content CO2-philic surfactants. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2011; 27:10562-10569. [PMID: 21780744 DOI: 10.1021/la2021885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The article addresses an important, and still unresolved question in the field of CO(2) science and technology: what is the minimum fluorine content necessary to obtain a CO(2)-philic surfactant? A previous publication (Langmuir 2002, 18, 3014) suggested there should be an ideal fluorination level: for optimization of possible process applications in CO(2), it is important to establish just how little F is needed to render a surfactant CO(2)-philic. Here, optimum chemical structures for water-in-CO(2) (w/c) microemulsion stabilization are identified through a systematic study of CO(2)-philic surfactant design based on dichain sulfosuccinates. High pressure small-angle neutron scattering (HP-SANS) measurements of reversed micelle formation in CO(2) show a clear relationship between F content and CO(2) compatibility of any given surfactant. Interestingly, high F content surfactants, having lower limiting aqueous surface tensions, γ(cmc), also have better performance in CO(2), as indicated by lower cloud point pressures, P(trans). The results have important implications for the rational design of CO(2)-philic surfactants helping to identify the most economic and efficient compounds for emerging CO(2) based fluid technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azmi Mohamed
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
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Tewes F, Krafft MP, Boury F. Dynamical and rheological properties of fluorinated surfactant films adsorbed at the pressurized CO2-H2O interface. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2011; 27:8144-8152. [PMID: 21630699 DOI: 10.1021/la201009z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The dynamics of adsorption, interfacial tension, and rheological properties of two phosphocholine-derived partially fluorinated surfactants FnHmPC, designed to compensate for the weak CO(2)-surfactant tail interactions, were determined at the pressurized CO(2)-H(2)O interface. The two surfactants differ only by the length of the hydrocarbon spacer (5 CH(2) in F8H5PC and 11 CH(2) in F8H11PC) located between the terminal perfluoroalkyl chain and the polar head. The length of this spacer was found to have a critical impact on the adsorption kinetics and elasticity of the interfacial surfactant film. F8H5PC is soluble in both water and CO(2) phases and presents several distinct successive interfacial behaviors when bulk water concentration (C(W)) increases and displays a nonclassical isotherm shape. The isotherms of F8H5PC are similar for the three CO(2) pressures investigated and comprise four regimes. In the first regime, at low C(W), the interfacial tension is controlled by the organization that occurs between H(2)O and CO(2). The second regime corresponds to the adsorption of the surfactant as a monolayer until the CO(2) phase is saturated with F8H5PC, resulting in a first inflection point. In this regime, F8H5PC molecules reach maximal compaction and display the highest apparent interfacial elasticity. In the third regime, a second inflection is observed that corresponds to the critical micelle concentration of the surfactant in water. At the highest concentrations (fourth regime), the interfacial films are purely viscous and highly flexible, suggesting the capacity for this surfactant to produce water-in-CO(2) microemulsion. In this regime, surfactant adsorption is very fast and equilibrium is reached in less than 100 s. The behavior of F8H11PC is drastically different: it forms micelles only in the water phase, resulting in a classical Gibbs interface. This surfactant decreases the interfacial tension down to 1 mN/m and forms a strongly elastic interface. As this surfactant forms a very cohesive interface, it should be suitable for formulating stable water-in-CO(2) emulsions. The finding that the length of the hydrocarbon spacer in partially fluorinated surfactants can drastically influence film properties at the CO(2)-H(2)O interface should help control the formation of microemulsions versus emulsions and help elaborate a rationale for the design of surfactants specifically adapted to pressurized CO(2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederic Tewes
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Dublin, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
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Sagisaka M, Iwama S, Hasegawa S, Yoshizawa A, Mohamed A, Cummings S, Rogers SE, Heenan RK, Eastoe J. Super-efficient surfactant for stabilizing water-in-carbon dioxide microemulsions. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2011; 27:5772-5780. [PMID: 21486003 DOI: 10.1021/la104990c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The fluorinated double-tailed glutarate anionic surfactant, sodium 1,5-bis[(1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyl)oxy]-1,5-dioxopentane-2-sulfonate (8FG(EO)(2)), was found to stabilize water-in-supercritical CO(2) microemulsions with high water-to-surfactant molar ratios (W(0)). Studies were carried out here to obtain detailed information on the phase stability and nanostructure of the microemulsions by using a high-pressure UV-vis dye probe and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) measurements. The UV-vis spectra, with methyl orange as a reporter dye, indicated a maximum attainable W(0) of 60 at 45 and 75 °C, and SANS profiles indicated regular droplet swelling with a linear relationship between the water core nanodroplet radius and W(0). This represents the highest water solubilization reported to date for any water-in-CO(2) microemulsion. Further analysis of the SANS data indicated critical packing parameters for 8FG(EO)(2) at the microemulsion interface >1.34, representing approximately 1.1 times the value for common aerosol-OT in water-in-heptane microemulsions under equivalent conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanobu Sagisaka
- Department of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, Japan.
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20
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Pemberton C, Hoffman RE, Aserin A, Garti N. NMR chromatography using microemulsion systems. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2011; 27:4497-4504. [PMID: 21405070 DOI: 10.1021/la200232b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
NMR spectroscopy is an excellent tool for structural analysis of pure compounds. However, for mixtures, it performs poorly because of overlapping signals. Diffusion ordered NMR spectroscopy (DOSY) can be used to separate the spectra of compounds with widely differing molecular weights, but the separation is usually insufficient. NMR "chromatographic" methods have been developed to increase the diffusion separation but these usually introduced solids into the NMR sample that reduce resolution. Using nanostructured dispersed media, such as microemulsions, eliminates the need for suspensions of solids and brings NMR chromatography into the mainstream of NMR analytical techniques. DOSY was used in this study to resolve spectra of mixtures with no increase in line-width as compared to regular solutions. Components of a mixture are differentially dissolved into the separate phases of the microemulsions. Several examples of previously reported microemulsions and those specifically developed for this purpose were used here. These include a fully dilutable microemulsion, a fluorinated microemulsion, and a fully deuterated microemulsion. Log(diffusion) difference enhancements of up to 1.7 orders of magnitude were observed for compounds that have similar diffusion rates in conventional solvents. Examples of commercial pharmaceutical drugs were also analyzed via this new technique, and the spectra of up to six components were resolved from one sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chava Pemberton
- The Ratner Family Chair of Chemistry, Casali Institute of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat Ram, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
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21
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Klostermann M, Foster T, Schweins R, Lindner P, Glatter O, Strey R, Sottmann T. Microstructure of supercritical CO2-in-water microemulsions: a systematic contrast variation study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:20289-301. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cp22000d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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22
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Chen K, Grant N, Liang L, Zhang H, Tan B. Synthesis of CO2-philic Xanthate−Oligo(vinyl acetate)-Based Hydrocarbon Surfactants by RAFT Polymerization and Their Applications on Preparation of Emulsion-Templated Materials. Macromolecules 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ma101182f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keping Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Neil Grant
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, L69 7ZD, Liverpool, U.K
| | - Liyun Liang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Haifei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, L69 7ZD, Liverpool, U.K
| | - Bien Tan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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23
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Abstract
This article reviews approaches for modification of solvent properties of supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO(2)), with particular reference to self-assembly of oligomeric and polymeric solute additives. Of special interest are viscosity modifiers for scCO(2) based on molecular self-assembly. Background on polymers and surfactants with CO(2)-compatible functionalities is covered, leading on to the attempts made so far to increase the scCO(2) viscosity, which are described in detail. The significance of this field, and the implications a breakthrough could bring environmentally and economically will be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Cummings
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
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24
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Sagisaka M, Oasa J, Hasegawa S, Toyokawa R, Yoshizawa A. Novel fluorinated double-tail surfactant having high microemulsifying ability in water/supercritical CO2 system. J Supercrit Fluids 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2009.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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25
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Blakey I, Thurecht KJ, Whittaker AK. High-pressure real-time 129Xe NMR: monitoring of surfactant conformation during the self-assembly of reverse micelles in supercritical carbon dioxide. Chem Commun (Camb) 2010; 46:2850-2. [DOI: 10.1039/b927029a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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26
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Schwan M, Kramer LGA, Sottmann T, Strey R. Phase behaviour of propane- and scCO2-microemulsions and their prominent role for the recently proposed foaming procedure POSME (Principle of Supercritical Microemulsion Expansion). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2010; 12:6247-52. [DOI: 10.1039/b909764c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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27
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Debbabi K, Guittard F, Eastoe J, Rogers S, Geribaldi S. Reverse water-in-fluorocarbon microemulsions stabilized by new polyhydroxylated nonionic fluorinated surfactants. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2009; 25:8919-8926. [PMID: 19344159 DOI: 10.1021/la803579b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
New polyhydroxylated nonionic perfluorosurfactants CnF2n+1-CH2-O-SO2-NHCONH-C(CH2OH)3 have been synthesized, and their capacity for stabilization of reverse water-in-fluorocarbon microemulsions has been extensively studied. These investigations showed that, regardless of the composition used, transparent one-phase systems could not be obtained if the fluorinated surfactants were used without a sufficient amount of a semifluorinated alcohol. The mixed oil phase used to prepare microemulsions consisted of a 9:1 mixture of perfluorohexane and 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorohexan-1-ol. Various scattering techniques, dynamic light scattering (DLS), small-angle X-ray (SAXS), and neutron scattering (SANS) have been used for structural characterization of these fluorinated microemulsions. Valuable information on the size, shape, and internal colloidal structure in these novel fluorinated microemulsions is described and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Debbabi
- Institut de Chimie de Nice FR 3037 CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux Organiques et Métalliques, CMOM, UFR Sciences, Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Parc Valrose, 06108 Nice Cedex 02, France
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28
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Sagisaka M, Hino M, Oasa J, Yamamoto M, Yoda S, Takebayashi Y, Furuya T, Yoshizawa A, Ochi K, Otake K. Characterization of Water/Supercritical CO2 Microemulsion by UV-visible Spectroscopy and Dynamic Light Scattering. J Oleo Sci 2009; 58:75-83. [DOI: 10.5650/jos.58.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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29
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Zhang J, Han B. Supercritical CO2-continuous microemulsions and compressed CO2-expanded reverse microemulsions. J Supercrit Fluids 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2008.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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30
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Extraction of magnesium and copper using a surfactant and water in supercritical carbon dioxide. J Supercrit Fluids 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2008.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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31
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Sagisaka M, Koike D, Mashimo Y, Yoda S, Takebayashi Y, Furuya T, Yoshizawa A, Sakai H, Abe M, Otake K. Water/supercritical CO2 microemulsions with mixed surfactant systems. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2008; 24:10116-10122. [PMID: 18715020 DOI: 10.1021/la8014145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Phase behavior was investigated for water/supercritical CO 2 (W/scCO2) microemulsions stabilized with sodium bis(1H,1H,2H,2H-heptadecafluorodecyl)-2-sulfosuccinate (8FS(EO) 2) mixed with various guest surfactants. Only for the mixtures with fluorocarbon-hydrocarbon hybrid anionic surfactants (FC6-HC n), the maximum water-to-surfactant molar ratio (W0(c)) was larger than that estimated from linear interpolation of the W0(c) values for pure 8FS(EO) 2 and pure guest surfactant. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) measurement for the microemulsion revealed that the mixing of 8FS(EO) 2 with FC6-HC n can prevent a phase transition from the microemulsion to the liquid crystal even in the presence of excess water. It was also found from the measurement of water/scCO 2 interfacial tension that the area occupied per surfactant molecule was markedly increased by the mixing with FC6-HC n. The loose molecular packing, probably due to a microsegregation of 8FS(EO) 2 and FC6-HC n, is consistent with the enhanced stability of the microemulsion upon surfactant mixing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanobu Sagisaka
- Department of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan.
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32
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SAGISAKA M, HINO M, SAKAI H, ABE M, YOSHIZAWA A. Water/Supercritical CO2 Microemulsions with a Fluorinated Double-tail Surfactant for Syntheses of Semiconductor Ultrafine Particles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.4011/shikizai.81.331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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33
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Sagisaka M, Koike D, Yoda S, Takebayashi Y, Furuya T, Yoshizawa A, Sakai H, Abe M, Otake K. Optimum tail length of fluorinated double-tail anionic surfactant for water/supercritical CO2 microemulsion formation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2007; 23:8784-8. [PMID: 17637005 DOI: 10.1021/la700564z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The effect of surfactant tail structure on the stability of a water/supercritical CO2 microemulsion (W/scCO2 muE) was examined for various fluorinated double-tail anionic surfactants of different fluorocarbon chain lengths, F(CF2)n (n = 4, 6, 8, and 10), and oxyethylene spacer lengths, (CH2CH2O)(m/2) (m = 2 and 4). The phase behavior of the water/surfactant/CO2 systems was studied over a wide range of CO2 densities from 0.70 to 0.85 g/cm(3) (temperatures from 35 to 75 degrees C and pressures up to 500 bar) and corrected water-to-surfactant molar ratios (W0c). All of the surfactants yielded a W/scCO2 muE phase, that is, a transparent homogeneous phase with a water content larger than that permitted by the solubility of water in pure CO2. With increasing W0c, a phase transition occurred from the muE phase to a macroemulsion or a lamella-like liquid crystal phase. The maximum W0c value was obtained at a tail length of 12-14 A, indicating the presence of an optimum surfactant tail length for W/scCO2 muE formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanobu Sagisaka
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, Bunkyo-cho 3, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, Japan
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34
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Sagisaka M, Fujii T, Koike D, Yoda S, Takebayashi Y, Furuya T, Yoshizawa A, Sakai H, Abe M, Otake K. Surfactant-mixing effects on the interfacial tension and the microemulsion formation in water/supercritical CO2 system. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2007; 23:2369-75. [PMID: 17309200 DOI: 10.1021/la062789i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The effects of surfactant mixing on interfacial tension and on microemulsion formation were examined for systems of air/water and water/supercritical CO2 (scCO2) interfaces and for water/scCO2 microemulsions. A fluorinated surfactant, sodium bis(1H,1H,2H,2H-heptadecafluorodecyl)-2-sulfosuccinate (8FS(EO)2), was mixed with the three hydrocarbon surfactants, Pluronic L31, Tergitol TMN-6, and decyltrimethylammonium chloride (DeTAC), at equimolar ratio. For all the cases, the interfacial tension was significantly lowered by the mixing. The positive synergistic effect suggests that the mixed surfactants tend to pack more closely on the interface than the pure constituents. It was found, however, that the microemulsion formation in scCO2 was never facilitated by the mixing, except for the case of TMN-6. This is probably due to the segregation of the surfactants into hydrocarbon-rich and fluorocarbon-rich phases on the microemulsion surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanobu Sagisaka
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, Bunkyo-cho 3, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, Japan.
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35
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Hoffmann MM, Heitz MP, Carr JB, Tubbs JD. Surfactants in Green Solvent Systems—Current and Future Research Directions. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2007. [DOI: 10.1081/dis-120019966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Markus M. Hoffmann
- a Department of Chemistry , State University of New York, College at Brockport , 350 New Campus Drive, Brockport , New York , 14420 , USA
| | - Mark P. Heitz
- a Department of Chemistry , State University of New York, College at Brockport , 350 New Campus Drive, Brockport , New York , 14420 , USA
| | - Jason B. Carr
- a Department of Chemistry , State University of New York, College at Brockport , 350 New Campus Drive, Brockport , New York , 14420 , USA
| | - Jason D. Tubbs
- a Department of Chemistry , State University of New York, College at Brockport , 350 New Campus Drive, Brockport , New York , 14420 , USA
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36
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Scialdone O, Galia A, Raimondi S, Filardo G. Effective recovery of perfluoropolyether surfactants from PVDF and PTFE by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction. J Supercrit Fluids 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2006.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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37
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Liu ZT, Liu L, Wu J, Lu J, Sun P, Song L, Liu Z, Dong W, Gao Z. Phase Behaviors of Aerosol-OT Analogue Fluorinated Surfactants in 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane and Supercritical CO2. Ind Eng Chem Res 2006. [DOI: 10.1021/ie061117k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Tie Liu
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, Peoples Republic of China, and Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an, 710065, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Ling Liu
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, Peoples Republic of China, and Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an, 710065, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Jin Wu
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, Peoples Republic of China, and Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an, 710065, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Jian Lu
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, Peoples Republic of China, and Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an, 710065, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Ping Sun
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, Peoples Republic of China, and Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an, 710065, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Liping Song
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, Peoples Republic of China, and Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an, 710065, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Zhongwen Liu
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, Peoples Republic of China, and Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an, 710065, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Wensheng Dong
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, Peoples Republic of China, and Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an, 710065, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Ziwei Gao
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, Peoples Republic of China, and Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an, 710065, Peoples Republic of China
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38
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Investigation of spontaneous microemulsion formation in supercritical carbon dioxide using high-pressure NMR. J Supercrit Fluids 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2005.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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39
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Effect of PEO–PPO–PEO structure on the compressed ethylene-induced reverse micelle formation and water solubilization. POLYMER 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2005.02.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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40
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Micellization of sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate in supercritical CO2 with fluorinated co-surfactant and its solubilization of hydrophilic species. J Supercrit Fluids 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2004.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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41
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Liu J, Ikushima Y, Shervani Z. Investigation on the solubilization of organic dyes and micro-polarity in AOT water-in-CO2 microemulsions with fluorinated co-surfactant by using UV-Vis spectroscopy. J Supercrit Fluids 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2004.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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42
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Dupont A, Eastoe J, Martin L, Steytler DC, Heenan RK, Guittard F, Taffin de Givenchy E. Hybrid fluorocarbon-hydrocarbon CO2-philic surfactants. 2. formation and properties of water-in-CO2 microemulsions. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2004; 20:9960-9967. [PMID: 15518481 DOI: 10.1021/la0483820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid fluorocarbon-hydrocarbon (F-H) sulfate surfactants are shown to be efficient stabilizers in water-in-CO2 (w/c) microemulsions. The chain structure and F-H ratio affect the regions of P-T phase stability and aggregation structure in these w/c phases. High-pressure near-infrared spectroscopy and small-angle neutron scattering measurements of microemulsified water provide evidence for the stabilization of w/c microemulsion droplets. The relative lengths of the two chains were found to influence the favored aggregation structure: for symmetric chain surfactants (F8H8, F7H7) spherical reverse micelles are present, but for asymmetric chain surfactants (F7H4, F8H4) extended cylinder aggregates form. These changes in aggregation are consistent with different surfactant packing parameters owing to the controlled variations in molecular structure. Furthermore, the general order of w/c phase transition pressures (F8H8 < F7H7 and F8H4 < F7H4) is in line with estimations of surfactant fractional free volume, as proposed by Johnston et al. (J. Phys. Chem. B 2004, 108, 1962-1966). Studies of adsorption at the poly(dimethylsiloxane)-water interface are shown to be valuable for assessing the CO2-philicity of new surfactants. All in all, the symmetric F8H8 and F7H7 analogues are seen to be the most efficient compounds from this class for applications in CO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Dupont
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS United Kingdom
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43
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Courrier HM, Vandamme TF, Krafft MP. Reverse water-in-fluorocarbon emulsions and microemulsions obtained with a fluorinated surfactant. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2004.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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44
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Zhang R, Liu J, Han B, He J, Wang B, Sun D. Effect of structure of PEO–PPO–PEO copolymers on reverse micelle formation induced by compressed CO2. J Colloid Interface Sci 2004; 276:414-9. [PMID: 15271570 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2004.03.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2003] [Accepted: 03/31/2004] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The micellization of PEO-PPO-PEO block copolymers in p-xylene has been studied in the presence of CO2. With the application of CO2, some copolymers with suitable molecular weights and EO ratios can form reverse micelles with critical micellization pressure up to 5.8 MPa. For the copolymers with the same length of PO block, higher EO ratios facilitate reverse micelle formation. For the copolymers with the same composition, higher molecular weight is favorable to form reverse micelles. With the suitable composition and molecular weight, the critical micelle pressure (CMP) of copolymers decreases with the increase in the lengths of PEO and PPO blocks due to the hydrophilic and folding effects, respectively. Both the EO ratios and the molecular weights are important for the formation of reverse micelle. The reverse micelle solution can solubilize water with W0 (molar ratio of water to EO segment) up to 3.3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Center for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China
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45
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Sagisaka M, Fujii T, Ozaki Y, Yoda S, Takebayashi Y, Kondo Y, Yoshino N, Sakai H, Abe M, Otake K. Interfacial properties of branch-tailed fluorinated surfactants yielding a water/supercritical CO2 microemulsion. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2004; 20:2560-2566. [PMID: 15835124 DOI: 10.1021/la036074g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We have examined the interfacial properties of several fluorinated surfactants in a water/CO2 mixture with a pendant drop tensiometer and revealed the relationships between the interfacial properties, the surfactant structure, and the microemulsifying power. We employed the following Aerosol-OT analogue surfactants that have two fluorinated tails: bis(1H,1H,5H-octafluoropentyl)-2-sulfosuccinate (di-HCF4), sodium bis(1H,1H,9H-hexadecafluorononyl)-2-sulfosuccinate (di-HCF8), sodium bis(1H,1H,2H,2H-heptadecafluorodecyl)-2-sulfosuccinate (8FS(EO)2), and sodium bis((1H,1H,2H,2H-heptadecafluorodecyl)-oxyethylene)-2-sulfosuccinate (8FS(EO)4). To discuss the effect of the fluorocarbon/hydrocarbon ratio in single surfactant molecules, water/CO2 interfacial tension (IFT) of a hybrid surfactant with one fluorocarbon and one hydrocarbon tail, that of a surfactant with a single fluorinated tail, and that of a hydrocarbon surfactant, Aerosol-OT (AOT), were examined. The hybrid surfactant employed was sodium 1-oxo-1-[4-(tridecafluorohexyl)phenyl]-2-hexanesulfonate (FC6-HC4), and the single-tailed surfactant was perfluoropolyether ammonium carboxylate (PFPECOONH4, CF3CF2(CF2OCF(CF3))4COONH4). All of the fluorinated AOT analogue surfactants exhibited an excellent level of activity at the water/CO2 interface compared with other fluorinated surfactants and AOT. With a larger hydrocarbon chain number in the CO2-philic tails (i.e., from 0 to 2), the IFT of the AOT analogue surfactants was increased. The area occupied by one surfactant molecule at the water/CO2 interface, A, and the critical microemulsion concentration, cmicroc, were determined and used to examine the water-to-surfactant molar ratio within a reversed micelle, W0c, of the surfactants. The surfactants that form W/scCO2 microemulsions with a large W0c were found to lower the interfacial tension efficiently irrespective of increases in temperature. To achieve the most desirable W0C, the surfactant needs not only a high CO2-philicity of the tails but also a high Krafft point, properties which induce a low hydrophilic/CO2-philic balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanobu Sagisaka
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Institute for Green Technology, Higashi 1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
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Kho YW, Conrad DC, Knutson BL. Phase behavior of CO2-expanded fluorinated microemulsions. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2004; 20:2590-2597. [PMID: 15835128 DOI: 10.1021/la035529z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The formation of CO2-expanded, fluorinated reverse microemulsions is demonstrated for the system of perfluoropolyether (PFPE) surfactant (ClPFPE-NH4, MW = 632) and PFPE oil (PFPE, MW = 580). The phase behavior of this system is examined as a function of temperature (25-45 degrees C), pressure, CO2 concentration, and water to surfactant molar ratios (W0 = 10 and 20). Visual observations of one-phase behavior consistent with reverse microemulsion formation are further supported by spectroscopic measurements that establish the existence of a bulk water environment within the aqueous core. Microemulsion formation is not observed in the absence of CO2 for this PFPE surfactant/PFPE oil system, and a CO2 content greater than 70 mol % is required to induce microemulsion formation. Over the range of water loadings and temperatures investigated, the lowest cloud point pressure is observed at 46 bar (5 wt % ClPFPE-NH4 in PFPE oil, W0 = 20, xCO2 = 0.7, T = 25 degrees C). In the regions where one-phase behavior is observed, the cloud point pressures increase with temperature, water loadings, and CO2 content. The driving forces of microemulsion formation in the CO2-expanded fluorinated solvent are discussed relative to traditional reverse microemulsions and CO2-continuous microemulsions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeh Wei Kho
- Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0046, USA
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Liu J, Zhang J, Mu T, Han B, Li G, Wang J, Dong B. An investigation of non-fluorous surfactant Dynol-604 based water-in-CO2 reverse micelles by small angle X-ray scattering. J Supercrit Fluids 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0896-8446(02)00164-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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McLeod MC, McHenry RS, Beckman EJ, Roberts CB. Synthesis and Stabilization of Silver Metallic Nanoparticles and Premetallic Intermediates in Perfluoropolyether/CO2 Reverse Micelle Systems. J Phys Chem B 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0218645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Chandler McLeod
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, and Chemical Engineering Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261
| | - R. S. McHenry
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, and Chemical Engineering Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261
| | - Eric J. Beckman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, and Chemical Engineering Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261
| | - Christopher B. Roberts
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, and Chemical Engineering Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261
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Loeker F, Marr PC, Howdle SM. FTIR analysis of water in supercritical carbon dioxide microemulsions using monofunctional perfluoropolyether surfactants. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0927-7757(02)00407-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Yoshida H, Sone M, Mizushima A, Abe K, Tao XT, Ichihara S, Miyata S. Electroplating of Nanostructured Nickel in Emulsion of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide in Electrolyte Solution. CHEM LETT 2002. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2002.1086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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