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Jelenfi DP, Schneiker A, Tajti A, Magyarfalvi G, Tarczay G. Polyaromatic hydrocarbons with an imperfect aromatic system as catalysts of interstellar H 2 formation. Mol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2022.2142168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dávid P. Jelenfi
- Hevesy György PhD School of Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Chemistry, Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry, ELTE – Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anita Schneiker
- Hevesy György PhD School of Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Chemistry, Laboratory of Molecular Spectroscopy, ELTE – Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Tajti
- Institute of Chemistry, Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry, ELTE – Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Magyarfalvi
- Institute of Chemistry, Laboratory of Molecular Spectroscopy, ELTE – Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - György Tarczay
- Institute of Chemistry, Laboratory of Molecular Spectroscopy, ELTE – Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-ELTE Lendület Laboratory Astrochemistry Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
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2
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Schneiker A, Ragupathy G, Bazsó G, Tarczay G. Potential Catalytic Role of Small Heterocycles in Interstellar H 2 Formation: A Laboratory Astrochemistry Study on Furan and Its Hydrogenated Forms. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:2832-2844. [PMID: 35467858 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c00306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
It is now well-accepted in astrochemistry that the formation of interstellar H2 is taking place on the surface of interstellar grains. It has also been suggested a long time ago that polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) can catalyze this process by subsequent H atom addition and H abstraction reactions. Recent quantum chemical computations suggested that small heterocycles can be better catalysts than PAHs. In this study, the reaction of H atoms with furan, 2,3- and 2,5-dihydrofurans, and tetrahydrofuran were studied in solid para-H2 at 3.1 K. The reactions were followed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. By the analysis of spectra, 2-hydrofuran-3-yl, 3-hydrofuran-2-yl, 2,3,4-trihydrofuran-5-yl, and 2,3,5-trihydrofuran-4-yl radicals were identified among the products. The experiments revealed that all the possible H atom addition and H abstraction cycles connecting furan and tetrahydrofuran proceed effectively in both directions at a low temperature. This indicates the possible important role of small heterocycles in interstellar H2 formation. Furthermore, it also indicates that, in the case of H atom excess, a quasi-equilibrium exists between the c-C4HxO (x = 4-8) species, and the ratios of these species in an astrophysical object are determined by the rate of the different H atom addition and H abstraction reaction steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Schneiker
- George Hevesy Doctoral School, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, H-1518 Budapest, Hungary.,MTA-ELTE Lendület Laboratory Astrochemistry Research Group, Institute of Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, P.O. Box 32, H-1518 Budapest 112, Hungary
| | - Gopi Ragupathy
- MTA-ELTE Lendület Laboratory Astrochemistry Research Group, Institute of Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, P.O. Box 32, H-1518 Budapest 112, Hungary
| | - Gábor Bazsó
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics, P.O. Box 49, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary
| | - György Tarczay
- MTA-ELTE Lendület Laboratory Astrochemistry Research Group, Institute of Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, P.O. Box 32, H-1518 Budapest 112, Hungary.,Laboratory of Molecular Spectroscopy, Institute of Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, P.O. Box 32, H-1518 Budapest 112, Hungary.,Centre for Astrophysics and Space Science, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, P.O. Box 32, H-1518 Budapest 112, Hungary
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3
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Li YK, Wang ZC, He SG, Bierbaum VM. Reactions of Sulfur- and Oxygen-Containing Anions with Hydrogen Atoms: A Comparative Study. J Phys Chem Lett 2017; 8:5725-5729. [PMID: 29116795 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b02641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Reactions of hydrogen atoms with small sulfur-containing anions, SCN-, CH3COS-, C6H5COS-, -SCH2COOH, C6H5S-, 2-HOOCC6H4S-, and related oxygen-containing anions, OCN-, CH3COO-, C6H5COO-, HOCH2COO-, C6H5O-, 2-HOOCC6H4O-, have been studied both experimentally and computationally. The experimental results show that associative electron detachment (AED) is the only channel for the reactions. The rate constants for reactions between sulfur-containing anions and H atoms are generally higher than for the related oxygen-containing anions with the exception of the reaction of SCN-. The generally higher reactivity of the sulfur anions contrasts with previous results where AED reactivity was found to correlate with reaction exothermicity. Density functional theory calculations indicate that the reaction enthalpies, the characteristics of the reaction potential energy surfaces, and other structural and electronic factors can influence the reaction rate constants. This study indicates that organic sulfur anions can be more reactive than related oxygen anions in the interstellar medium where hydrogen atoms are abundant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ke Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado , Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhe-Chen Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado , Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Sheng-Gui He
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
| | - Veronica M Bierbaum
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado , Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
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4
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Holzmeier F, Fischer I, Kiendl B, Krueger A, Bodi A, Hemberger P. On the absolute photoionization cross section and dissociative photoionization of cyclopropenylidene. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:9240-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp01068g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report the determination of the absolute photoionization cross section of cyclopropenylidene, c-C3H2, and the heat of formation of the C3H radical and ion derived by the dissociative ionization of the carbene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Holzmeier
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
- University of Würzburg
- D-97074 Würzburg
- Germany
| | - Ingo Fischer
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
- University of Würzburg
- D-97074 Würzburg
- Germany
| | - Benjamin Kiendl
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Würzburg
- D-97074 Würzburg
- Germany
| | - Anke Krueger
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Würzburg
- D-97074 Würzburg
- Germany
| | - Andras Bodi
- Paul Scherrer Institut
- CH-5232 Villigen PSI
- Switzerland
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5
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Soliman AR, Hamid AM, Attah I, Momoh P, El-Shall MS. Formation of Nitrogen-Containing Polycyclic Cations by Gas-Phase and Intracluster Reactions of Acetylene with the Pyridinium and Pyrimidinium Ions. J Am Chem Soc 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ja3068116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdel-Rahman Soliman
- Department
of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
23284-2006, United States
| | - Ahmed M. Hamid
- Department
of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
23284-2006, United States
| | - Isaac Attah
- Department
of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
23284-2006, United States
| | - Paul Momoh
- Department
of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
23284-2006, United States
| | - M. Samy El-Shall
- Department
of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
23284-2006, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty
of Science, King Abdulaziz University,
Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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6
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Soliman AR, Hamid AM, Momoh PO, El-Shall MS, Taylor D, Gallagher L, Abrash SA. Formation of Complex Organics in the Gas Phase by Sequential Reactions of Acetylene with the Phenylium Ion. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:8925-33. [DOI: 10.1021/jp306046w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdel-Rahman Soliman
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond,
Virginia
23284-2006, United States
| | - Ahmed M. Hamid
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond,
Virginia
23284-2006, United States
| | - Paul O. Momoh
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond,
Virginia
23284-2006, United States
| | - M. Samy El-Shall
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond,
Virginia
23284-2006, United States
| | - Danielle Taylor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia 23173, United
States
| | - Lauren Gallagher
- Department of Chemistry, University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia 23173, United
States
| | - Samuel A. Abrash
- Department of Chemistry, University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia 23173, United
States
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7
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Momoh PO, Hamid AM, Abrash SA, Samy El-Shall M. Structure and hydration of the C4H4•+ ion formed by electron impact ionization of acetylene clusters. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:204315. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3592661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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8
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Faure A, Vuitton V, Thissen R, Wiesenfeld L, Dutuit O. Fast ion–molecule reactions in planetary atmospheres: a semiempirical capture approach. Faraday Discuss 2010; 147:337-48; discussion 379-403. [DOI: 10.1039/c003908j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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9
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Jiang L, Wang C, Li J, Guo X, Zhang J. Electronic spectra of H(2)C(2n)H+ radicals (n=2-6): an ab initio study. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2009; 74:1090-1094. [PMID: 19828361 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2009.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2009] [Revised: 08/07/2009] [Accepted: 09/12/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The equilibrium geometries and vibrational frequencies of the carbon chain cations H(2)C(2n)H(+) (n = 2-6) in the X(1)A(1) ground states have been investigated by the DFT-B3LYP method. The structures of the X(1)A(1) and 2(1)A(1) electronic states for H(2)C(2n)H(+) (n = 2-5) have also been optimized by the CASSCF approach. The vertical excitation energies from the ground to selected excited states for H(2)C(2n)H(+) (n = 2-6) have been evaluated at the CASPT2/cc-pVTZ level. The studies reveal that the vertical excitation energies for the 2(1)A(1) <-- X(1)A(1) transitions are 4.56, 3.44, 2.75, 2.15 and 1.62 eV, respectively. For H(2)C(2n)H(+) (n = 2-4) molecules, our estimates are in reasonable agreement with the corresponding observed values of 4.34, 3.27 and 2.65 eV, respectively. In addition, the exponential-decay curves of these excitation energies are also suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Jiang
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
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10
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Savić I, Gerlich D. Temperature variable ion trap studies of C3Hn+ with H2 and HD. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2009; 7:1026-35. [PMID: 19791395 DOI: 10.1039/b417965j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogenation and deuteration of C3+, C3H+, C3H2+ in collisions with H2 and HD has been studied from room temperature down to 10 K using a 22-pole ion trap. Although exothermic, hydrogenation of C3+ is rather slow at room temperature but becomes faster with decreasing temperature. In addition to the increasing lifetime of the collision complex this behavior may be caused by the floppy structure of C3+ and the freezing of soft bending modes below 50 K. For C3(+) + HD it has been shown that production of C3D+ is slightly favored over C3H+ formation. The controversy over which products are really formed in C3H(+) + H2 collisions and deuterated variants has a long history. Previous and new ion trap results prove that formation of C3H2(+) + H is not endothermic but rather fast, in contradiction to erroneous conclusions from flow tube experiments and ab initio calculations. In addition the reaction shows a complicated isotope dependence, most probably caused by the influence of zero point energies in entrance and exit transition states. For example hydrogen abstraction with HD is faster than with H2 while radiative association is slower. The most surprising result has been obtained for C3H(+) + HD. Here C3HD+ formation is over one hundred times faster than C3H2+. In addition to the details of the potential energy surface it may be that in this case an H-HD exchange reaction takes place via an open-chain propargyl cation intermediate (H2CCCH+). Reactions of C3H2+ and C3H3+ with H2 are very slow but, due to the unique sensitivity of the trapping technique, significant rate coefficients have been determined. The presented results are of fundamental importance for understanding the energetics, structures and reaction dynamics of the deuterated variant of the C3Hn+ collision system. They indicate that the previous quantum chemical calculations are not accurate enough for understanding the low energy behavior of the Cn,Hm+ reaction systems. The laboratory experiments are of essential relevance for the carbon chemistry of dense interstellar clouds, both for formation of small hydrocarbons and deuterium fractionation.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Savić
- Department of Physics, Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09126 Chemnitz, Germany
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11
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Momoh PO, Xie E, Abrash SA, Meot-Ner (Mautner) M, El-Shall MS. Gas Phase Reactions between Acetylene Radical Cation and Water. Energies, Structures and Formation Mechanism of C 2H 3O + and C 2H 4O +• Ions. J Phys Chem A 2008; 112:6066-73. [DOI: 10.1021/jp802086z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul O. Momoh
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284-2006
| | - Enli Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284-2006
| | - Samuel A. Abrash
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284-2006
| | | | - M. Samy El-Shall
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284-2006
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13
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Snow TP, Bierbaum VM. Ion chemistry in the interstellar medium. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2008; 1:229-259. [PMID: 20636080 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.anchem.1.031207.112907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We present an overview of the interstellar medium, including physical and chemical conditions, spectroscopic observations, and current challenges in characterizing interstellar chemistry. Laboratory studies of ion-atom reactions, including experimental approaches and instrumentation, are described. We also tabulate and discuss comprehensive summaries of ion-neutral reactions involving hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen atoms that have been studied since Sablier and Rolando's 1993 review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodore P Snow
- Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy, Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, 80309, USA.
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14
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Abstract
We review the detection history, observation, distribution, and reactivity of molecular ions in extraterrestrial space, with particular (though not exclusive) reference to interstellar monocations. The diversity of interstellar ion chemistry is highlighted with reaction examples, drawn from the authors' own laboratories and elsewhere, and attempt to provide an overview of this broad and increasingly divergent field. Emphasis is given to the role of ions in the synthesis of molecules, including their ability to catalyze the transformation of neutral molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Petrie
- Chemistry Department, the Faculties, Australian National University, Canberra ACT0200, Australia
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15
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Stepwise hydration of ionized acetylene trimer. Further evidence for the formation of benzene radical cation. Chem Phys Lett 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2007.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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16
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Dzhonson A, Jochnowitz EB, Kim E, Maier JP. Electronic absorption spectra of the protonated polyacetylenes HC2nH2+ (n=3,4) in the gas phase. J Chem Phys 2007; 126:044301. [PMID: 17286464 DOI: 10.1063/1.2430522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A new approach has been developed for the purpose of measuring the electronic transitions to bound exited states for cations that have been collisionally relaxed to low vibrational and rotational temperatures. This has been used to obtain the first gas phase electronic spectra of the protonated polyacetylenes using a two-color ion-photodissociation approach. Specifically, the origin bands in the B (1)A(1)<-- X(1)A(1) transitions of HC(6)H(2) (+) and HC(8)H(2) (+) (C(2v) geometry) were observed at 26,403.3 and 21,399.8 cm(-1). Data on such cooled systems allow a direct comparison between laboratory and astrophysical measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatoly Dzhonson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 80, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
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17
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Batalov A, Fulara J, Shnitko I, Maier JP. Electronic Absorption Spectra of the Protonated Polyacetylenes H2CnH+ (n = 4, 6, 8) in Neon Matrixes. J Phys Chem A 2006; 110:10404-8. [PMID: 16942045 DOI: 10.1021/jp062657y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Electronic absorption spectra of the protonated polyacetylenic chains H2CnH+ (n = 4, 6, 8) and the neutral H2C8H have been observed in 6 K neon matrixes after mass selection. The wavelength of the H2CnH+ electronic transitions depends quasi-linearly on n, typical of carbon chains. The origin band is at 286.0, 378.6, and 467.6 nm for n = 4, 6, and 8, respectively. Two ground-state vibrations of H2C4H+ in the IR absorption spectrum were also detected. On the basis of the spectroscopic trends and the assignment of the vibrational frequencies in the ground and excited electronic states, it is concluded that the H2CnH+ species are C(2v) linear carbon chains with one H atom on one end and two on the other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Batalov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 80, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
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Anicich VG, Wilson PF, McEwan MJ. An ICR study of ion-molecules reactions relevant to Titan's atmosphere: an investigation of binary hydrocarbon mixtures up to 1 micron. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2006; 17:544-561. [PMID: 16503159 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasms.2005.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2005] [Revised: 11/20/2005] [Accepted: 11/21/2005] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Results are reported for studies of binary mixtures of hydrocarbons exposed to low-energy electron impact ionization. A variety of experimental methods are used: conventional ICR mass spectrometry, the standard double resonance in an ICR for determination of the precursor ions, and the modulated double resonance ejection in an ICR for the determination of the daughter ions. A flowing afterglow-selected ion flow tube experiment (FA-SIFT) was used for validation and examination of termolecular reactions. An extensive database of reaction kinetics already exists for many of these reactions. The main point of this study was the determination of the accuracy of this database and the identification of missing reactions and reaction channels. An effort was made to extend the study to the highest pressures possible to determine if any important termolecular reaction channels were present that were not recognized in earlier investigations. A new approach was used here. In the binary mixtures of hydrocarbon gases, mass spectra were obtained as a function of independent pressure changes of both gases. All the mass peaks in the spectra were fitted using existing kinetic data as a starting point. A model of the ion abundances was then produced from the solution of the partial differential equations derived from the kinetics in terms of reaction rate coefficients and initial abundances. The model was fitted to the data for all of the pressures by a least-squares fit to the reaction rate coefficients and initial abundances. The kinetic parameters were then adjusted if required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent G Anicich
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA
| | - Paul F Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, PB 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Murray J McEwan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, PB 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand.
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Ascenzi D, Bassi D, Franceschi P, Tosi P, Di Stefano M, Rosi M, Sgamellotti A. Reactions of phenylium ions C6(H,D)5+ with D2. J Chem Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1611174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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20
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Anicich VG, Wilson P, McEwan MJ. Termolecular ion-molecule reactions in Titan's atmosphere. IV. A search made at up to 1 micron in pure hydrocarbons. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2003; 14:900-915. [PMID: 12892914 DOI: 10.1016/s1044-0305(03)00218-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The results of a study of ion-molecule reactions occurring in pure methane, acetylene, ethylene, ethane, propyne, propene, propane, and diacetylene at pressures up to 40 microns of pressure are reported. A variety of experimental methods are used: The standard double resonance in an ICR, for determination of the precursor ions and the modulated double resonance ejection in an ICR, for the determination of the daughter ions. The FA-SIFT technique was used for validation and examination of termolecular reactions with rate coefficients that are less than 10(-26) cm(6) s(-1). An extensive database of reaction kinetics already exists for many of these reactions. The main point of this study was the determination of the accuracy of this database and to search for any missing reactions and reaction channels that may have been omitted from earlier investigations. A specific objective of this work was to extend the study to the highest pressures possible to find out if there were any important termolecular reaction channels occurring. A new approach was used here. In the pure hydrocarbon gases the mass spectra were followed as a function of the pressure changes of the gas. An initial guess was first made using the current literature as a source of the reaction kinetics that were expected. A model of the ion abundances was produced from the solution of the partial differential equations in terms of reaction rate coefficients and initial abundances. The experimental data was fitted to the model for all of the pressures by a least squares minimization to the reaction rate coefficients and initial abundances. The reaction rate coefficients obtained from the model were then compared to the literature values. Several new channels and reactions were discovered when the modeled fits were compared to the actual data. This is all explained in the text and the implications of these results are discussed for the Titan atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent G Anicich
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91109-8099, USA.
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Wilson EH, Atreya SK, Coustenis A. Mechanisms for the formation of benzene in the atmosphere of Titan. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002je001896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. H. Wilson
- Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Space Sciences; University of Michigan at Ann Arbor; Ann Arbor Michigan USA
| | - S. K. Atreya
- Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Space Sciences; University of Michigan at Ann Arbor; Ann Arbor Michigan USA
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Milligan DB, Wilson PF, Freeman CG, Meot-Ner M, McEwan MJ. Dissociative Proton Transfer Reactions of H3+, N2H+, and H3O+ with Acyclic, Cyclic, and Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Nitrogen Compounds, and Astrochemical Implications. J Phys Chem A 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp014659i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel B. Milligan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8001, New Zealand
| | - Paul F. Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8001, New Zealand
| | - Colin G. Freeman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8001, New Zealand
| | - Michael Meot-Ner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8001, New Zealand
| | - Murray J. McEwan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8001, New Zealand
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Demirev PA. Generation of hydrogen radicals for reactivity studies in Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2000; 14:777-781. [PMID: 10825016 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0231(20000515)14:9<777::aid-rcm943>3.0.co;2-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
An efficient technique for generation of H* (D*) radicals in Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) mass spectrometry is described. The method allows the probing of the reactivity of gas-phase H* radicals towards various ions isolated in the cell of an FTICR mass spectrometer. Results on interactions of H* and D* radicals with trapped positive or negative C60 fullerene ions, as well as singly charged peptide ions, are presented. Hydrogen radical addition or H/D-exchange reactions between trapped ions and free H* (D*) radicals were observed. Potential implementation of the technique for probing the gas-phase three-dimensional structures of polyatomic ions is discussed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Demirev
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park 20742, USA.
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Scott GBI, Fairley DA, Milligan DB, Freeman CG, McEwan MJ. Gas Phase Reactions of Some Positive Ions with Atomic and Molecular Oxygen and Nitric Oxide at 300 K. J Phys Chem A 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9913719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Graham B. I. Scott
- Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - David A. Fairley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Daniel B. Milligan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Colin G. Freeman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Murray J. McEwan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
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26
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Andrews L, Kushto GP, Zhou M, Willson SP, Souter PF. Infrared spectrum of CCH+ in solid argon and neon. J Chem Phys 1999. [DOI: 10.1063/1.478329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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27
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Affiliation(s)
- E. del Río
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, C/ Julián Clavería, 8. 33006 Oviedo, Principado de Asturias, Spain
| | - López
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, C/ Julián Clavería, 8. 33006 Oviedo, Principado de Asturias, Spain
| | - T. L. Sordo
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, C/ Julián Clavería, 8. 33006 Oviedo, Principado de Asturias, Spain
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Abstract
Diffuse interstellar bands (DIBs) are mysterious absorption lines in the optical spectra of stars, and have been known for 75 years. Although it is widely believed that they arise from gas-phase organic molecules (rather than from dust grains) in the interstellar medium, no consensus has been reached regarding their precise cause. The realization that many emission features in astronomical infrared spectra probably arise from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which may themselves be very abundant in the interstellar medium, has led to the suggestion that ionized PAHs might be the source of the DIBs. Laboratory investigations have revealed that small, positively charged PAHs in matrices have absorption features that bear some resemblance to DIBs, but no clear identification of any DIB with any specific PAH cation has yet been made. Here we report a laboratory study of the chemical reactivity of PAH cations (C6H6+, C10H8+ and C16H10+) in the gas phase. We find that these PAH cations are very reactive, and are therefore unlikely to survive in high abundances in the interstellar medium. Rather, such molecules will react rapidly with hydrogen, and we therefore suggest that the resulting protonated PAH cations (and species derived from them) should become the focus of future searches for a correspondence between molecular absorption features and the DIBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- T P Snow
- Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy, University of Colorado, Boulder 80309, USA.
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29
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Ion-molecule chemistry in interstellar clouds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s1071-9687(98)80003-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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