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Chen Z, Zhao Y, Chi X, Yan Y, Shen J, Zou M, Zhao S, Liu M, Yao W, Zhang B, Ke H, Ma XL, Bai H, Yang M, Zou Z, Wang WH. Geological timescales' aging effects of lunar glasses. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadi6086. [PMID: 37939180 PMCID: PMC10631726 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi6086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Physical aging is a long-lasting research hot spot in the glass community, yet its long-term effects remain unclear because of the limited experimental time. In this study, we discover the extraordinary aging effects in five typical lunar glassy particles with diameters ranging from about 20 to 53 micrometers selected from Chang'e-5 lunar regolith. It is found that geological time scales' aging can lead to unusually huge modulus enhancements larger than 73.5% while much weaker effects on hardness (i.e., varies decoupling evolutions of Young's modulus and hardness during aging) in these lunar glassy samples. Such extraordinary aging effects are primarily attributed to the natural selected complex glassy compositions and structures, consistent with high entropy and minor element doping criteria, prevailing under the special lunar conditions and the extensive aging time for the lunar glasses. This study offers valuable insights for developing high-performance and stable glassy materials for radiation protection and advanced space explorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqiang Chen
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Xiang Chi
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Yuqiang Yan
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Jie Shen
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Minjie Zou
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Shaofan Zhao
- Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Space Technology, China Academy of Space Technology (CAST), Beijing 100094, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Space Technology, China Academy of Space Technology (CAST), Beijing 100094, China
| | - Wei Yao
- Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Space Technology, China Academy of Space Technology (CAST), Beijing 100094, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Haibo Ke
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Xiu-Liang Ma
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Haiyang Bai
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Space Technology, China Academy of Space Technology (CAST), Beijing 100094, China
| | - Mengfei Yang
- Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Space Technology, China Academy of Space Technology (CAST), Beijing 100094, China
| | - Zhigang Zou
- Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Space Technology, China Academy of Space Technology (CAST), Beijing 100094, China
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Wei-Hua Wang
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Space Technology, China Academy of Space Technology (CAST), Beijing 100094, China
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2
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Böhmer T, Gabriel JP, Zeißler R, Richter T, Blochowicz T. Glassy dynamics in polyalcohols: intermolecular simplicity vs. intramolecular complexity. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:18272-18280. [PMID: 35880532 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp01969h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Using depolarized light scattering, we have recently shown that structural relaxation in a broad range of supercooled liquids follows, to good approximation, a generic line shape with high-frequency power law ω-1/2. We now continue this study by investigating a systematic series of polyalcohols (PAs), frequently used as model-systems in glass-science, i.a., because the width of their respective dielectric loss spectra varies strongly along the series. Our results reveal that the microscopic origin of the observed relaxation behavior varies significantly between different PAs: while short-chained PAs like glycerol rotate as more or less rigid entities and their light scattering spectra follow the generic shape, long-chained PAs like sorbitol display pronounced intramolecular dynamic contributions on the time scale of structural relaxation, leading to systematic deviations from the generic shape. Based on these findings we discuss an important limitation for observing the generic shape in a supercooled liquid: the dynamics that is probed needs to reflect the intermolecular dynamic heterogeneity, and must not be superimposed by effects of intramolecular dynamic heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Till Böhmer
- Institute for Condensed Matter Physics, Technical University Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany.
| | - Jan Philipp Gabriel
- Glass and Time, IMFUFA, Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Rolf Zeißler
- Institute for Condensed Matter Physics, Technical University Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany.
| | - Timo Richter
- Institute for Condensed Matter Physics, Technical University Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany.
| | - Thomas Blochowicz
- Institute for Condensed Matter Physics, Technical University Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany.
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3
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Ediger MD, Gruebele M, Lubchenko V, Wolynes PG. Glass Dynamics Deep in the Energy Landscape. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:9052-9068. [PMID: 34357766 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c01739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
When a liquid is cooled, progress down the energy landscape is arrested near the glass transition temperature Tg. In principle, lower energy states can be accessed by waiting for further equilibration, but the rough energy landscape of glasses quickly leads to kinetics on geologically slow time scales below Tg. Over the past decade, progress has been made probing deeper into the energy landscape via several techniques. By looking at bulk and surface diffusion, using layered deposition that promotes equilibration, imaging glass surfaces with faster dynamics below Tg, and optically exciting glasses, experiments have moved into a regime of ultrastable, low energy glasses that was difficult to access in the past. At the same time, both simulations and energy landscape theory based on a random first order transition (RFOT) have tackled systems that include surfaces, optical excitation, and interfacial dynamics. Here we review some of the recent experimental work, and how energy landscape theory illuminates glassy dynamics well below the glass transition temperature by making direct connections between configurational entropy, energy landscape barriers, and the resulting dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark D Ediger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Martin Gruebele
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Physics, Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, and Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Vassiliy Lubchenko
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics, and the Center for Superconductivity, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Peter G Wolynes
- Departments of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy, Biosciences, Materials Science and Nanoengineering, and the Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
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4
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Roed LA, Hecksher T, Dyre JC, Niss K. Generalized single-parameter aging tests and their application to glycerol. J Chem Phys 2019; 150:044501. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5066387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Anita Roed
- Glass and Time, IMFUFA, Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, P.O. Box 260, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Tina Hecksher
- Glass and Time, IMFUFA, Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, P.O. Box 260, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Jeppe C. Dyre
- Glass and Time, IMFUFA, Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, P.O. Box 260, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Kristine Niss
- Glass and Time, IMFUFA, Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, P.O. Box 260, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
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5
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Vargheese KD, Tandia A, Mauro JC. Origin of dynamical heterogeneities in calcium aluminosilicate liquids. J Chem Phys 2010; 132:194501. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3429880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Xia T, Xiao L, Orrit M. Micron-Sized Structure in a Thin Glycerol Film Revealed by Fluorescent Probes. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:15724-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9058388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ted Xia
- Molecular Nano-Optics and Spins, Huygens Laboratory, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, 2333CA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Liantuan Xiao
- Molecular Nano-Optics and Spins, Huygens Laboratory, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, 2333CA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Michel Orrit
- Molecular Nano-Optics and Spins, Huygens Laboratory, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, 2333CA Leiden, The Netherlands
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7
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Zondervan R, Kulzer F, Berkhout GCG, Orrit M. Local viscosity of supercooled glycerol near Tg probed by rotational diffusion of ensembles and single dye molecules. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2007; 104:12628-33. [PMID: 17488815 PMCID: PMC1937517 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0610521104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We probe the rotational diffusion of a perylene dye in supercooled glycerol, 5-25 K above the glass-transition temperature (T(g) = 190 K) at the ensemble and the single-molecule level. The single-molecule results point to a broad distribution of local viscosities that vary by a factor of five or more for different individual fluorophores at a given temperature. By following the same single molecules at various temperatures, we find that the distribution of local viscosities itself broadens upon approaching T(g). This spatial heterogeneity is found to relax extremely slowly, persisting over hours or even days. These results convey a picture of heterogeneous liquid pockets separated by solid-like walls, which exist already well above the viscosimetric glass transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rob Zondervan
- Molecular Nano–Optics and Spins, Huygens Laboratory, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, 2333 CA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Florian Kulzer
- Molecular Nano–Optics and Spins, Huygens Laboratory, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, 2333 CA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gregorius C. G. Berkhout
- Molecular Nano–Optics and Spins, Huygens Laboratory, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, 2333 CA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Michel Orrit
- Molecular Nano–Optics and Spins, Huygens Laboratory, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, 2333 CA, Leiden, The Netherlands
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8
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Chamon C, Charbonneau P, Cugliandolo LF, Reichman DR, Sellitto M. Out-of-equilibrium dynamical fluctuations in glassy systems. J Chem Phys 2006; 121:10120-37. [PMID: 15549887 DOI: 10.1063/1.1809585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper we extend the earlier treatment of out-of-equilibrium mesoscopic fluctuations in glassy systems in several significant ways. First, via extensive simulations, we demonstrate that models of glassy behavior without quenched disorder display scalings of the probability of local two-time correlators that are qualitatively similar to that of models with short-ranged quenched interactions. The key ingredient for such scaling properties is shown to be the development of a criticallike dynamical correlation length, and not other microscopic details. This robust data collapse may be described in terms of a time-evolving "extreme value" distribution. We develop a theory to describe both the form and evolution of these distributions based on a effective sigma model approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Chamon
- Department of Physics, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.
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Abstract
Although it has long been recognized that dynamics in supercooled liquids might be spatially heterogeneous, only in the past few years has clear evidence emerged to support this view. As a liquid is cooled far below its melting point, dynamics in some regions of the sample can be orders of magnitude faster than dynamics in other regions only a few nanometers away. In this review, the experimental work that characterizes this heterogeneity is described. In particular, the following questions are addressed: How large are the heterogeneities? How long do they last? How much do dynamics vary between the fastest and slowest regions? Why do these heterogeneities arise? The answers to these questions influence practical applications of glass-forming materials, including polymers, metallic glasses, and pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Ediger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA.
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10
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Viot P, Tarjus G, Kivelson D. A heterogeneous picture of α relaxation for fragile supercooled liquids. J Chem Phys 2000. [DOI: 10.1063/1.481674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Hwang Y, Inoue T, Wagner PA, Ediger MD. Molecular motion during physical aging in polystyrene: Investigation using probe reorientation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1099-0488(20000101)38:1<68::aid-polb8>3.0.co;2-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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