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Interfacial Dark Aging Is an Overlooked Source of Aqueous Secondary Organic Aerosol. ATMOSPHERE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos13020188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the relative yields of aqueous secondary organic aerosols (aqSOAs) at the air–liquid (a–l) interface are investigated between photochemical and dark aging using in situ time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS). Our results show that dark aging is an important source of aqSOAs despite a lack of photochemical drivers. Photochemical reactions of glyoxal and hydroxyl radicals (•OH) produce oligomers and cluster ions at the aqueous surface. Interestingly, different oligomers and cluster ions form intensely in the dark at the a–l interface, contrary to the notion that oligomer formation mainly depends on light irradiation. Furthermore, cluster ions form readily during dark aging and have a higher water molecule adsorption ability. This finding is supported by the observation of more frequent organic water cluster ion formation. The relative yields of water clusters in the form of protonated and hydroxide ions are presented using van Krevelen diagrams to explore the underlying formation mechanisms of aqSOAs. Large protonated and hydroxide water clusters (e.g., (H2O)nH+, 17 < n ≤ 44) have reasonable yields during UV aging. In contrast, small protonated and hydroxide water clusters (e.g., (H2O)nH+, 1 ≤ n ≤ 17) form after several hours of dark aging. Moreover, cluster ions have higher yields in dark aging, indicating the overlooked influence of dark aging interfacial products on aerosol optical properties. Molecular dynamic simulation shows that cluster ions form stably in UV and dark aging. AqSOAs molecules produced from dark and photochemical aging can enhance UV absorption of the aqueous surface, promote cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activities, and affect radiative forcing.
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2
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Yuan S, Liang J, Zhang Y, Han H, Jiang T, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Wang W, Dong X. Evidence from Thermal Aging Indicating That the Synergistic Effect of Glyoxal and Sodium Sulfite Improved the Thermal Stability of Conformational Modified Xanthan Gum. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14020243. [PMID: 35054653 PMCID: PMC8778909 DOI: 10.3390/polym14020243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Xanthan gum is prone to thermal oxidative degradation, which limits its applications. However, conformational changes in xanthan gum and appropriate stabilizers may improve its thermal stability. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to establish a strategy to maintain the viscosity of xanthan gum during long-term storage at high temperatures. We modified the original strain used for xanthan gum production by genetic engineering and added stabilizers during the production process. The structure and thermal stability of the resulting xanthan gum samples were then determined. Pyruvyl deficiency, combined with the addition of sodium sulfite and glyoxal during the production process, was found to significantly improve the maintenance of viscosity. The apparent viscosity of the new xanthan gum solution remained above 100 mPa·s after being stored at 90 °C for 48 days. Fourier-transform infrared spectra and scanning electron microscopy images showed that pyruvate-free xanthan gum with added stabilizers had more extensive cross-linking than natural xanthan gum. In conclusion, these findings may contribute to the use of xanthan gum in applications that require high temperatures for a long period of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Yuan
- School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China;
| | - Jiayuan Liang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China; (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (H.H.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (W.W.)
| | - Yanmin Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China; (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (H.H.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (W.W.)
- Shandong Food Ferment Industry & Design Institute, Jinan 250013, China
| | - Hongyu Han
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China; (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (H.H.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (W.W.)
- Shandong Food Ferment Industry & Design Institute, Jinan 250013, China
| | - Tianyi Jiang
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China;
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China; (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (H.H.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (W.W.)
- Shandong Food Ferment Industry & Design Institute, Jinan 250013, China
| | - Yonggang Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China; (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (H.H.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (W.W.)
- Shandong Food Ferment Industry & Design Institute, Jinan 250013, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China; (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (H.H.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (W.W.)
- Shandong Food Ferment Industry & Design Institute, Jinan 250013, China
| | - Xueqian Dong
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China; (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (H.H.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (W.W.)
- Shandong Food Ferment Industry & Design Institute, Jinan 250013, China
- Correspondence:
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Tilgner A, Schaefer T, Alexander B, Barth M, Collett JL, Fahey KM, Nenes A, Pye HOT, Herrmann H, McNeill VF. Acidity and the multiphase chemistry of atmospheric aqueous particles and clouds. ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS 2021; 21:10.5194/acp-21-13483-2021. [PMID: 34675968 PMCID: PMC8525431 DOI: 10.5194/acp-21-13483-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The acidity of aqueous atmospheric solutions is a key parameter driving both the partitioning of semi-volatile acidic and basic trace gases and their aqueous-phase chemistry. In addition, the acidity of atmospheric aqueous phases, e.g., deliquesced aerosol particles, cloud, and fog droplets, is also dictated by aqueous-phase chemistry. These feedbacks between acidity and chemistry have crucial implications for the tropospheric lifetime of air pollutants, atmospheric composition, deposition to terrestrial and oceanic ecosystems, visibility, climate, and human health. Atmospheric research has made substantial progress in understanding feedbacks between acidity and multiphase chemistry during recent decades. This paper reviews the current state of knowledge on these feedbacks with a focus on aerosol and cloud systems, which involve both inorganic and organic aqueous-phase chemistry. Here, we describe the impacts of acidity on the phase partitioning of acidic and basic gases and buffering phenomena. Next, we review feedbacks of different acidity regimes on key chemical reaction mechanisms and kinetics, as well as uncertainties and chemical subsystems with incomplete information. Finally, we discuss atmospheric implications and highlight the need for future investigations, particularly with respect to reducing emissions of key acid precursors in a changing world, and the need for advancements in field and laboratory measurements and model tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Tilgner
- Atmospheric Chemistry Department (ACD), Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS), Leipzig 04318, Germany
| | - Thomas Schaefer
- Atmospheric Chemistry Department (ACD), Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS), Leipzig 04318, Germany
| | - Becky Alexander
- Department of Atmospheric Science, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Mary Barth
- Atmospheric Chemistry Observation & Modeling Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO 80307, USA
| | - Jeffrey L. Collett
- Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Kathleen M. Fahey
- Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC 27711, USA
| | - Athanasios Nenes
- School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
- Institute for Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Patras 26504, Greece
| | - Havala O. T. Pye
- Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC 27711, USA
| | - Hartmut Herrmann
- Atmospheric Chemistry Department (ACD), Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS), Leipzig 04318, Germany
| | - V. Faye McNeill
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
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4
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De Haan DO, Jansen K, Rynaski AD, Sueme WRP, Torkelson AK, Czer ET, Kim AK, Rafla MA, De Haan AC, Tolbert MA. Brown Carbon Production by Aqueous-Phase Interactions of Glyoxal and SO 2. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:4781-4789. [PMID: 32227881 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b07852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Oxalic acid and sulfate salts are major components of aerosol particles. Here, we explore the potential for their respective precursor species, glyoxal and SO2, to form atmospheric brown carbon via aqueous-phase reactions in a series of bulk aqueous and flow chamber aerosol experiments. In bulk aqueous solutions, UV- and visible-light-absorbing products are observed at pH 3-4 and 5-6, respectively, with small but detectable yields of hydroxyquinone and polyketone products formed, especially at pH 6. Hydroxymethanesulfonate (HMS), C2, and C3 sulfonates are major products detected by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) at pH 5. Past studies have assumed that the reaction of formaldehyde and sulfite was the only atmospheric source of HMS. In flow chamber experiments involving sulfite aerosol and gas-phase glyoxal with only 1 min residence times, significant aerosol growth is observed. Rapid brown carbon formation is seen with aqueous aerosol particles at >80% relative humidity (RH). Brown carbon formation slows at 50-60% RH and when the aerosol particles are acidified with sulfuric acid but stops entirely only under dry conditions. This chemistry may therefore contribute to brown carbon production in cloud-processed pollution plumes as oxidizing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) interact with SO2 and water.
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Affiliation(s)
- David O De Haan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of San Diego, 5998 Alcala Park, San Diego, California 92110, United States
| | - Kevin Jansen
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Alec D Rynaski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of San Diego, 5998 Alcala Park, San Diego, California 92110, United States
| | - W Ryan P Sueme
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of San Diego, 5998 Alcala Park, San Diego, California 92110, United States
| | - Ashley K Torkelson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of San Diego, 5998 Alcala Park, San Diego, California 92110, United States
| | - Eric T Czer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of San Diego, 5998 Alcala Park, San Diego, California 92110, United States
| | - Alexander K Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of San Diego, 5998 Alcala Park, San Diego, California 92110, United States
| | - Michael A Rafla
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of San Diego, 5998 Alcala Park, San Diego, California 92110, United States
| | - Audrey C De Haan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of San Diego, 5998 Alcala Park, San Diego, California 92110, United States
| | - Margaret A Tolbert
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
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5
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Zhang F, Yu X, Sui X, Chen J, Zhu Z, Yu XY. Evolution of aqSOA from the Air-Liquid Interfacial Photochemistry of Glyoxal and Hydroxyl Radicals. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:10236-10245. [PMID: 31361474 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b03642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The effect of photochemical reaction time on glyoxal and hydrogen peroxide at the air-liquid (a-l) interface is investigated using in situ time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) enabled by a system for analysis at the liquid vacuum interface (SALVI) microreactor. Carboxylic acids are formed mainly by reaction with hydroxyl radicals in the initial reactions. Oligomers, cluster ions, and water clusters formed due to longer photochemistry. Our results provide direct molecular evidence that water clusters are associated with proton transfer and the formation of oligomers and cluster ions at the a-l interface. The oligomer formation is facilitated by water cluster and cluster ion formation over time. Formation of higher m/z oligomers and cluster ions indicates the possibility of highly oxygenated organic components formation at the a-l interface. Furthermore, new chemical reaction pathways, such as surface organic cluster, hydration shell, and water cluster formation, are proposed based on SIMS spectral observations, and the existing understanding of glyoxal photochemistry is expanded. Our in situ findings verify that the a-l interfacial reactions are important pathways for aqueous secondary organic aerosol (aqSOA) formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3) , Fudan University , Shanghai , 200433 , China
- Energy and Environment Directorate , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
| | - Xiaofei Yu
- Environmental and Molecular Science Laboratory , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
| | - Xiao Sui
- Energy and Environment Directorate , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
| | - Jianmin Chen
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3) , Fudan University , Shanghai , 200433 , China
- Institute of Atmospheric Sciences , Fudan University , Shanghai , 200433 , China
| | - Zihua Zhu
- Environmental and Molecular Science Laboratory , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
| | - Xiao-Ying Yu
- Energy and Environment Directorate , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99354 , United States
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6
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Kolb C, Davidovits P, Jayne J, Shi Q, Worsnop D. Kinetics of Trace Gas Uptake by Liquid Surfaces. PROGRESS IN REACTION KINETICS AND MECHANISM 2019. [DOI: 10.3184/007967402103165324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C.E. Kolb
- Center for Aerosol and Cloud Chemistry, Aerodyne Research, Inc., Billerica, MA 01821-3976, USA
| | - P. Davidovits
- Center for Aerosol and Cloud Chemistry, Aerodyne Research, Inc., Billerica, MA 01821-3976, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467-3809, USA
| | - J.T. Jayne
- Center for Aerosol and Cloud Chemistry, Aerodyne Research, Inc., Billerica, MA 01821-3976, USA
| | - Q. Shi
- Center for Aerosol and Cloud Chemistry, Aerodyne Research, Inc., Billerica, MA 01821-3976, USA
| | - D.R. Worsnop
- Center for Aerosol and Cloud Chemistry, Aerodyne Research, Inc., Billerica, MA 01821-3976, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467-3809, USA
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7
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De Haan DO, Jimenez NG, de Loera A, Cazaunau M, Gratien A, Pangui E, Doussin JF. Methylglyoxal Uptake Coefficients on Aqueous Aerosol Surfaces. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:4854-4860. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b00533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David O. De Haan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of San Diego, 5998 Alcala Park, San Diego California 92110 United States
| | - Natalie G. Jimenez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of San Diego, 5998 Alcala Park, San Diego California 92110 United States
| | - Alexia de Loera
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of San Diego, 5998 Alcala Park, San Diego California 92110 United States
| | - Mathieu Cazaunau
- Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA), UMR CNRS 7583, Institut Pierre Simon Laplace (IPSL), Université Paris-Est Créteil (UPEC) et Université Paris Diderot (UPD), Créteil, France
| | - Aline Gratien
- Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA), UMR CNRS 7583, Institut Pierre Simon Laplace (IPSL), Université Paris-Est Créteil (UPEC) et Université Paris Diderot (UPD), Créteil, France
| | - Edouard Pangui
- Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA), UMR CNRS 7583, Institut Pierre Simon Laplace (IPSL), Université Paris-Est Créteil (UPEC) et Université Paris Diderot (UPD), Créteil, France
| | - Jean-François Doussin
- Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA), UMR CNRS 7583, Institut Pierre Simon Laplace (IPSL), Université Paris-Est Créteil (UPEC) et Université Paris Diderot (UPD), Créteil, France
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8
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Sui X, Zhou Y, Zhang F, Zhang Y, Chen J, Zhu Z, Yu X. ToF‐SIMS
characterization of glyoxal surface oxidation products by hydrogen peroxide: A comparison between dry and liquid samples. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.6334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Sui
- Environment Research Institute Shandong University Jinan 250100 China
| | - Yufan Zhou
- Environmental and Molecular Science Laboratory Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA 99354 USA
| | - Fei Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA 99354 USA
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Environmental and Molecular Science Laboratory Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA 99354 USA
| | - Jianmin Chen
- Environment Research Institute Shandong University Jinan 250100 China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Fudan Tyndall Centre, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Zihua Zhu
- Environmental and Molecular Science Laboratory Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA 99354 USA
| | - Xiao‐Ying Yu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
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9
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Sui X, Zhou Y, Zhang F, Chen J, Zhu Z, Yu XY. Deciphering the aqueous chemistry of glyoxal oxidation with hydrogen peroxide using molecular imaging. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:20357-20366. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp02071f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The first in situ molecular imaging study of glyoxal oxidation by hydrogen peroxide leading to the formation of aqueous secondary organic aerosols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Sui
- Environment Research Institute
- Shandong University
- Jinan
- China
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate
| | - Yufan Zhou
- Environmental and Molecular Science Laboratory
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
- Richland
- USA
| | - Fei Zhang
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
- Richland
- USA
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention
| | - Jianmin Chen
- Environment Research Institute
- Shandong University
- Jinan
- China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention
| | - Zihua Zhu
- Environmental and Molecular Science Laboratory
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
- Richland
- USA
| | - Xiao-Ying Yu
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
- Richland
- USA
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10
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Thomas DA, Coggon MM, Lignell H, Schilling KA, Zhang X, Schwantes RH, Flagan RC, Seinfeld JH, Beauchamp JL. Real-Time Studies of Iron Oxalate-Mediated Oxidation of Glycolaldehyde as a Model for Photochemical Aging of Aqueous Tropospheric Aerosols. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:12241-12249. [PMID: 27731989 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b03588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The complexation of iron(III) with oxalic acid in aqueous solution yields a strongly absorbing chromophore that undergoes efficient photodissociation to give iron(II) and the carbon dioxide anion radical. Importantly, iron(III) oxalate complexes absorb near-UV radiation (λ > 350 nm), providing a potentially powerful source of oxidants in aqueous tropospheric chemistry. Although this photochemical system has been studied extensively, the mechanistic details associated with its role in the oxidation of dissolved organic matter within aqueous aerosol remain largely unknown. This study utilizes glycolaldehyde as a model organic species to examine the oxidation pathways and evolution of organic aerosol initiated by the photodissociation of aqueous iron(III) oxalate complexes. Hanging droplets (radius 1 mm) containing iron(III), oxalic acid, glycolaldehyde, and ammonium sulfate (pH ∼3) are exposed to irradiation at 365 nm and sampled at discrete time points utilizing field-induced droplet ionization mass spectrometry (FIDI-MS). Glycolaldehyde is found to undergo rapid oxidation to form glyoxal, glycolic acid, and glyoxylic acid, but the formation of high molecular weight oligomers is not observed. For comparison, particle-phase experiments conducted in a laboratory chamber explore the reactive uptake of gas-phase glycolaldehyde onto aqueous seed aerosol containing iron and oxalic acid. The presence of iron oxalate in seed aerosol is found to inhibit aerosol growth. These results suggest that photodissociation of iron(III) oxalate can lead to the formation of volatile oxidation products in tropospheric aqueous aerosols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Thomas
- Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Matthew M Coggon
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Hanna Lignell
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California 91125, United States
- Environmental Science and Engineering, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Katherine A Schilling
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Environmental Science and Engineering, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Rebecca H Schwantes
- Environmental Science and Engineering, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Richard C Flagan
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California 91125, United States
- Environmental Science and Engineering, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - John H Seinfeld
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California 91125, United States
- Environmental Science and Engineering, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - J L Beauchamp
- Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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11
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Li RZ, Hou GL, Liu CW, Xu HG, Zhao X, Gao YQ, Zheng WJ. Initial hydration behavior of sodium iodide dimer: photoelectron spectroscopy and ab initio calculations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:557-65. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp05550d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We investigated (NaI)2−(H2O)n (n = 0–6) clusters to examine the initial solvation process of (NaI)2 in water, using negative ion photoelectron spectroscopy and theoretical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren-Zhong Li
- College of Electronics and Information
- Xi'an Polytechnic University
- Xi'an 710048
- China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
| | - Gao-Lei Hou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Cheng-Wen Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
| | - Hong-Guang Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Xiang Zhao
- Institute for Chemical Physics
- School of Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710049
- China
| | - Yi Qin Gao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
| | - Wei-Jun Zheng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
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12
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Zhang R, Wang G, Guo S, Zamora ML, Ying Q, Lin Y, Wang W, Hu M, Wang Y. Formation of urban fine particulate matter. Chem Rev 2015; 115:3803-55. [PMID: 25942499 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 473] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Renyi Zhang
- §State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Song Guo
- §State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | - Min Hu
- §State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Wang
- #Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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13
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Kurtén T, Elm J, Prisle NL, Mikkelsen KV, Kampf CJ, Waxman EM, Volkamer R. Computational Study of the Effect of Glyoxal–Sulfate Clustering on the Henry’s Law Coefficient of Glyoxal. J Phys Chem A 2014; 119:4509-14. [DOI: 10.1021/jp510304c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Theo Kurtén
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jonas Elm
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Kobenhavn Ø, Denmark
| | - Nønne L. Prisle
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kurt V. Mikkelsen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Kobenhavn Ø, Denmark
| | - Christopher J. Kampf
- Institute for Inorganic
and Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg
10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Eleanor M. Waxman
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental
Sciences (CIRES), 216 UCB, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0216, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 215 UCB, University of Colorado at Boulder Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, United States
| | - Rainer Volkamer
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental
Sciences (CIRES), 216 UCB, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0216, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 215 UCB, University of Colorado at Boulder Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, United States
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14
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Gomez ME, Lin Y, Guo S, Zhang R. Heterogeneous chemistry of glyoxal on acidic solutions. An oligomerization pathway for secondary organic aerosol formation. J Phys Chem A 2014; 119:4457-63. [PMID: 25369518 DOI: 10.1021/jp509916r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The heterogeneous chemistry of glyoxal on sulfuric acid surfaces has been investigated at various acid concentrations and temperatures, utilizing a low-pressure fast flow laminar reactor coupled to an ion drift-chemical ionization mass spectrometer (ID-CIMS). The uptake coefficient (γ) of glyoxal ranges from (1.2 ± 0.06) × 10(-2) to (2.5 ± 0.01) × 10(-3) for 60-93 wt % H2SO4 at 253-273 K. The effective Henry's Law constant (H*) ranges from (98.9 ± 4.9) × 10(5) to (1.6 ± 0.1) × 10(5) M atm(-1) for 60-93 wt % at 263-273 K. Both the uptake coefficient and Henry's Law constant increase with decreasing acid concentration and temperature. Our results reveal a reaction mechanism of hydration followed by oligomerization for glyoxal on acidic media, indicating an efficient aqueous reaction of glyoxal on hygroscopic particles leading to secondary organic aerosol formation.
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15
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Sen A, Ganguly B. A computational study toward understanding the separation of ions of potassium chloride microcrystal in water. Theor Chem Acc 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-012-1296-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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16
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Trainic M, Abo Riziq A, Lavi A, Rudich Y. Role of Interfacial Water in the Heterogeneous Uptake of Glyoxal by Mixed Glycine and Ammonium Sulfate Aerosols. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:5948-57. [DOI: 10.1021/jp2104837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miri Trainic
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot
76100, Israel
| | - Ali Abo Riziq
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot
76100, Israel
| | - Avi Lavi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot
76100, Israel
| | - Yinon Rudich
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot
76100, Israel
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17
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Abbatt JPD, Lee AKY, Thornton JA. Quantifying trace gas uptake to tropospheric aerosol: recent advances and remaining challenges. Chem Soc Rev 2012; 41:6555-81. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cs35052a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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18
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Davidovits P, Kolb CE, Williams LR, Jayne JT, Worsnop DR. Update 1 of: Mass Accommodation and Chemical Reactions at Gas−Liquid Interfaces. Chem Rev 2011; 111:PR76-109. [DOI: 10.1021/cr100360b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Davidovits
- Chemistry Department, 2609 Beacon Street, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Charles E. Kolb
- Center for Aerosol and Cloud Chemistry, Aerodyne Research, Inc., 45 Manning Road, Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, United States
- This is a Chemical Reviews Perennial Review. The root paper of this title was published in Chem. Rev.2006, 106 (4), 1323−1354, DOI: 10.1021.cr040366k; Published (Web) March 16, 2006. Updates to the text appear in red type
| | - Leah R. Williams
- Center for Aerosol and Cloud Chemistry, Aerodyne Research, Inc., 45 Manning Road, Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, United States
- This is a Chemical Reviews Perennial Review. The root paper of this title was published in Chem. Rev.2006, 106 (4), 1323−1354, DOI: 10.1021.cr040366k; Published (Web) March 16, 2006. Updates to the text appear in red type
| | - John T. Jayne
- Center for Aerosol and Cloud Chemistry, Aerodyne Research, Inc., 45 Manning Road, Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, United States
- This is a Chemical Reviews Perennial Review. The root paper of this title was published in Chem. Rev.2006, 106 (4), 1323−1354, DOI: 10.1021.cr040366k; Published (Web) March 16, 2006. Updates to the text appear in red type
| | - Douglas R. Worsnop
- Center for Aerosol and Cloud Chemistry, Aerodyne Research, Inc., 45 Manning Road, Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, United States
- This is a Chemical Reviews Perennial Review. The root paper of this title was published in Chem. Rev.2006, 106 (4), 1323−1354, DOI: 10.1021.cr040366k; Published (Web) March 16, 2006. Updates to the text appear in red type
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19
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Theoretical studies on the gas phase reaction mechanisms and kinetics of glyoxal with HO2 with water and without water. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2011.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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20
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Tang M, Li M, Zhu T. Heterogeneous reactions of gaseous methanesulfonic acid with calcium carbonate and kaolinite particles. Sci China Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-010-4157-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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21
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Chen X, Minofar B, Jungwirth P, Allen HC. Interfacial Molecular Organization at Aqueous Solution Surfaces of Atmospherically Relevant Dimethyl Sulfoxide and Methanesulfonic Acid Using Sum Frequency Spectroscopy and Molecular Dynamics Simulation. J Phys Chem B 2010; 114:15546-53. [DOI: 10.1021/jp1078339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangke Chen
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States; Institute of Systems Biology and Ecology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, and Institute of Physical Biology, University of South Bohemia, Zamek 136, Nove Hrady, Czech Republic; and Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, and Center for Biomolecules and Complex Molecular Systems, Flemingovo nám. 2,16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Babak Minofar
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States; Institute of Systems Biology and Ecology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, and Institute of Physical Biology, University of South Bohemia, Zamek 136, Nove Hrady, Czech Republic; and Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, and Center for Biomolecules and Complex Molecular Systems, Flemingovo nám. 2,16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Jungwirth
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States; Institute of Systems Biology and Ecology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, and Institute of Physical Biology, University of South Bohemia, Zamek 136, Nove Hrady, Czech Republic; and Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, and Center for Biomolecules and Complex Molecular Systems, Flemingovo nám. 2,16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Heather C. Allen
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States; Institute of Systems Biology and Ecology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, and Institute of Physical Biology, University of South Bohemia, Zamek 136, Nove Hrady, Czech Republic; and Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, and Center for Biomolecules and Complex Molecular Systems, Flemingovo nám. 2,16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
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22
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Chen X, Allen HC. Water Structure at Aqueous Solution Surfaces of Atmospherically Relevant Dimethyl Sulfoxide and Methanesulfonic Acid Revealed by Phase-Sensitive Sum Frequency Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem B 2010; 114:14983-8. [PMID: 21047087 DOI: 10.1021/jp108110k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangke Chen
- The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Heather C. Allen
- The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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23
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Poulain L, Katrib Y, Isikli E, Liu Y, Wortham H, Mirabel P, Le Calvé S, Monod A. In-cloud multiphase behaviour of acetone in the troposphere: gas uptake, Henry's law equilibrium and aqueous phase photooxidation. CHEMOSPHERE 2010; 81:312-320. [PMID: 20705325 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2010] [Revised: 07/13/2010] [Accepted: 07/15/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Acetone is ubiquitous in the troposphere. Several papers have focused in the past on its gas phase reactivity and its impact on tropospheric chemistry. However, acetone is also present in atmospheric water droplets where its behaviour is still relatively unknown. In this work, we present its gas/aqueous phase transfer and its aqueous phase photooxidation. The uptake coefficient of acetone on water droplets was measured between 268 and 281K (γ=0.7 x 10(-2)-1.4 x 10(-2)), using the droplet train technique coupled to a mass spectrometer. The mass accommodation coefficient α (derived from γ) was found in the range (1.0-3.0±0.25) x 10(-2). Henry's law constant of acetone was directly measured between 283 and 298K using a dynamic equilibrium system (H((298K))=(29±5)Matm(-1)), with the Van't Hoff expression lnH(T)=(5100±1100)/T-(13.4±3.9). A recommended value of H was suggested according to comparison with literature. The OH-oxidation of acetone in the aqueous phase was carried out at 298K, under two different pH conditions: at pH=2, and under unbuffered conditions. In both cases, the formation of methylglyoxal, formaldehyde, hydroxyacetone, acetic acid/acetate and formic acid/formate was observed. The formation of small amounts of four hydroperoxides was also detected, and one of them was identified as peroxyacetic acid. A drastic effect of pH was observed on the yields of formaldehyde, one hydroperoxide, and, (to a lesser extent) acetic acid/acetate. Based on the experimental observations, a chemical mechanism of OH-oxidation of acetone in the aqueous phase was proposed and discussed. Atmospheric implications of these findings were finally discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Poulain
- Universités d'Aix-Marseille I, II et III-CNRS, UMR 6264: Laboratoire Chimie Provence, 3 place Victor Hugo, Marseilles Cedex 3, France.
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24
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25
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Tan Y, Perri MJ, Seitzinger SP, Turpin BJ. Effects of precursor concentration and acidic sulfate in aqueous glyoxal-OH radical oxidation and implications for secondary organic aerosol. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2009; 43:8105-12. [PMID: 19924930 PMCID: PMC2771719 DOI: 10.1021/es901742f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2009] [Revised: 09/08/2009] [Accepted: 09/29/2009] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Previous experiments demonstrated that aqueous OH radical oxidation of glyoxal yields low-volatility compounds. When this chemistry takes place in clouds and fogs, followed by droplet evaporation (or if it occurs in aerosol water), the products are expected to remain partially in the particle phase, forming secondary organic aerosol (SOA). Acidic sulfate exists ubiquitously in atmospheric water and has been shown to enhance SOA formation through aerosol phase reactions. In this work, we investigate how starting concentrations of glyoxal (30-3000 microM) and the presence of acidic sulfate (0-840 microM) affect product formation in the aqueous reaction between glyoxal and OH radical. The oxalic acid yield decreased with increasing precursor concentrations, and the presence of sulfuric acid did not alter oxalic acid concentrations significantly. A dilute aqueous chemistry model successfully reproduced oxalic acid concentrations, when the experiment was performed at cloud-relevant concentrations (glyoxal <300 microM), but predictions deviated from measurements at increasing concentrations. Results elucidate similarities and differences in aqueous glyoxal chemistry in clouds and in wet aerosols. They validate for the first time the accuracy of model predictions at cloud-relevant concentrations. These results suggest that cloud processing of glyoxal could be an important source of SOA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Barbara J. Turpin
- Corresponding author phone: 732-932-9800, extension 6219: fax: 732-932-8644; e-mail:
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26
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Heterogeneous reactions of gaseous methanesulfonic acid with NaCl and sea salt particles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-008-0137-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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27
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Fu TM, Jacob DJ, Wittrock F, Burrows JP, Vrekoussis M, Henze DK. Global budgets of atmospheric glyoxal and methylglyoxal, and implications for formation of secondary organic aerosols. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd009505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 497] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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28
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Corrigan AL, Hanley SW, De Haan DO. Uptake of glyoxal by organic and Inorganic aerosol. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2008; 42:4428-4433. [PMID: 18605566 DOI: 10.1021/es7032394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The uptake of glyoxal by a variety of organic and inorganic aerosol types was examined in a Teflon chamber. Rapid glyoxal uptake was observed for all liquid-phase aerosols at all relative humidity levels tested (< 5 to 50% RH). Even for aerosol with known water content, Henry's Law cannot predict glyoxal uptake: H* > (3 +/- 1.5) x 10(8) mol kg(-1) atm(-1) for l-tartaric acid, H* > (1 +/- 0.5) x 10(8) for dl-malic acid and H* = (2 +/- 1) x 10(7) for malonic acid aerosol. Other liquid-phase aerosol particles containing amine functional groups (arginine, aspartic acid, and glutamic acid) took up even more glyoxal (H* > 3 x 10(8)). The trend of higher glyoxal uptake onto aerosol containing more nucleophilic organic compounds suggests that glyoxal is reacting with organic compounds in the aerosol phase. Solid-phase aerosol showed RH-dependent glyoxal uptake, likely due to the existence of surface water layers. However, particle growth rates were the highestfor sodium sulfate aerosol. For organic aerosol, growth rates correlated with the acidity of the carboxylic acid groups of the aerosol material, suggesting that glyoxal uptake is enhanced by mildly acidic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley L Corrigan
- Department of Chemistry, University of San Diego, 5998 Alcala Park, San Diego California 92110, USA
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29
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A comparative study of the chemical reactivity of pyridoxamine, Ac-Phe-Lys and Ac-Cys with various glycating carbonyl compounds. Amino Acids 2008; 36:437-48. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-008-0098-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2008] [Accepted: 04/26/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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30
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Davidovits P, Kolb CE, Williams LR, Jayne JT, Worsnop DR. Mass accommodation and chemical reactions at gas-liquid interfaces. Chem Rev 2007; 106:1323-54. [PMID: 16608183 DOI: 10.1021/cr040366k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Davidovits
- Chemistry Department, 2609 Beacon Street, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, USA.
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31
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Wang L. Clusters of Hydrated Methane Sulfonic Acid CH3SO3H·(H2O)n (n = 1−5): A Theoretical Study. J Phys Chem A 2007; 111:3642-51. [PMID: 17432836 DOI: 10.1021/jp067893n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Ab initio and density functional methods have been used to examine the structures and energetics of the hydrated clusters of methane sulfonic acid (MSA), CH3SO3H.(H2O)n (n = 1-5). For small clusters with one or two water molecules, the most stable clusters have strong cyclic hydrogen bonds between the proton of OH group in MSA and the water molecules. With three or more water molecules, the proton transfer from MSA to water becomes possible, forming ion-pair structures between CH3SO3- and H3O+ moieties. For MSA.(H2O)3, the energy difference between the most stable ion pair and neutral structures are less than 1 kJ/mol, thus coexistence of neutral and ion-pair isomers are expected. For larger clusters with four and five water molecules, the ion-pair isomers are more stable (>10 kJ/mol) than the neutral ones; thus, proton transfer takes place. The ion-pair clusters can have direct hydrogen bond between CH3SO3- and H3O+ or indirect one through water molecule. For MSA.(H2O)5, the energy difference between ion pairs with direct and indirect hydrogen bonds are less than 1 kJ/mol; namely, the charge separation and acid ionization is energetically possible. The calculated IR spectra of stable isomers of MSA.(H2O)n clusters clearly demonstrate the significant red shift of OH stretching of MSA and hydrogen-bonded OH stretching of water molecules as the size of cluster increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Wang
- College of Chemistry, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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32
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Berndt T, Böge O. Formation of phenol and carbonyls from the atmospheric reaction of OH radicals with benzene. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2006; 8:1205-14. [PMID: 16633601 DOI: 10.1039/b514148f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The gas-phase reaction of OH radicals with benzene has been studied in a flow tube operated at 295 +/- 2 K and 950 mbar of synthetic air or O2. Ozonolysis of tetramethylethylene (dark reaction) with a measured OH radical yield of 0.92 +/- 0.08 or photolysis of methyl nitrite in the presence of NO served as the OH sources. For investigations in the presence of NOx, the conditions were chosen so that more than 95% of the OH/benzene adduct reacted with O2 even for the highest NO2 concentration occurring in the experiment. In the absence of NOx, a phenol yield from the reaction of OH radicals with benzene of 0.61 +/- 0.07 was measured by means of long-path FT-IR and UV spectroscopy over a wide range of experimental conditions. This yield was confirmed by measurements performed in the presence of NOx. Detected carbonyls were glyoxal, cis-butenedial and trans-butenedial with formation yields of 0.29 +/- 0.10, 0.08 +/- 0.03 and 0.023 +/- 0.007, respectively, measured in synthetic air and in the presence of NOx. There was no significant difference in the product yields applying both experimental approaches for OH generation (dark reaction or photolysis). Nitrobenzene and o-nitrophenol were detected in traces. The yield of nitrobenzene increased with increasing NOx resulting in a maximum formation yield of 0.007. The detected products in the presence of NOx account for approximately 78% of the reacted carbon. Butenedial yields from benzene degradation are reported for the first time. In the absence of NOx, glyoxal, cis-butenedial and trans-butenedial were also detected, but with distinctly lower yields compared to the experiments with NOx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torsten Berndt
- Leibniz-Institut für Troposphärenforschung e.V., Permoserstr. 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany.
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33
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Diévart P, Allou L, Louis F, Le Calvé S. Tropospheric multiphase chemistry of 2,5- and 2,6-dimethylphenols: determination of the mass accommodation coefficients and the Henry’s law constants. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2006; 8:1714-23. [PMID: 16633656 DOI: 10.1039/b516193b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The uptake of 2,5-dimethylphenol and 2,6-dimethylphenol on aqueous surfaces was measured between 279 and 293 K, using the wetted-wall flow tube technique coupled with UV absorption spectroscopic detection. For both compounds, the uptake coefficients gamma were found to be independent of the KOH scavenger concentration in the range of 0.01 to 1 M (pH > pK(a)) and of the liquid-gas contact times. In addition, the uptake coefficients and the derived mass accommodation coefficients alpha show a negative temperature dependence in the investigated temperature range. The mass accommodation coefficients decrease from 1.1 x 10(-3) to 1.1 x 10(-4), and from 5.4 x 10(-4) to 6.4 x 10(-5) for 2,5-dimethylphenol and 2,6-dimethylphenol, respectively. These results are used to discuss the incorporation of these species into the liquid using the nucleation theory. Henry's law constants (HLC) of both compounds were directly measured using a dynamic equilibrium system based on the water/air equilibrium at the interface within the length of a microporous tube. The measurements were conducted over the range 278-293 K in both deionized water and 35 g L(-1) solution of NaCl. At 293 K and in pure water, HLC were found to be equal to (in units of M atm(-1)): 2,5-dimethylphenol, HLC = (1270 +/- 240); 2,6-dimethylphenol, HLC = (250 +/- 80). All of the values for HLC in 35 g L(-1) salt solution were 5-55% lower than the corresponding values in deionized water, depending on the compound and the temperature. These data (mass accommodation coefficients and Henry's law constants) were then used to estimate the partitioning of these phenolic compounds between gaseous and aqueous phases and the corresponding atmospheric lifetimes under clear sky (tau(gas)) and cloudy conditions (tau(multiphase)) have then been derived. The calculated multiphase lifetimes (in units of hours) are lower than those in gas phase at a cumulus temperature of 283 K (in parentheses): 2,5-dimethylphenol, 2.2 (3.5); 2,6-dimethylphenol, 3.8 (4.2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Diévart
- PhysicoChimie des Processus de Combustion et de l'Atmosphère (PC2A), UMR CNRS 8522, FR CNRS 2416 Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche Lasers et Applications, Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille, 59655, Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France
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Hastings WP, Koehler CA, Bailey EL, De Haan DO. Secondary organic aerosol formation by glyoxal hydration and oligomer formation: humidity effects and equilibrium shifts during analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2005; 39:8728-35. [PMID: 16323769 DOI: 10.1021/es050446l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Glyoxal is a significant atmospheric aldehyde formed from both anthropogenic aromatic compounds and biogenic isoprene emissions. The chemical behavior of glyoxal relevant to secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation and analysis is examined in GC-MS, electrospray ionization (ESI)-MS, and particle chamber experiments. Glyoxal oligomers are shown to rapidly decompose to glyoxal in GC injection ports at temperatures > or = 120 degrees C. Glyoxal dihydrate monomer is dehydrated at temperatures > or = 140 degrees C during GC analysis but shows only oligomers (n < or = 7) upon ESI-MS analysis. Thus both of these analytical techniques will cause artifacts in speciation of glyoxal in SOA. In particle chamber experiments, glyoxal (at -0.1 Torr) condensed via particle-phase reactions when relative humidity levels exceeded a threshold of -26%. Both the threshold humidity and particle growth rates (-0.1 nm/min) are consistent with a recent study performed at glyoxal concentrations 4 orders of magnitude below those used here. This consistency suggests a mechanism where the surface water layer of solid-phase aerosol becomes saturated with glyoxal dihydrate monomer, triggering polymerization and the establishment of an organic phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- William P Hastings
- Chemistry Department, University of San Diego, 5998 Alcala Park, San Diego, California 92110, USA
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35
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36
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Schütze M, Herrmann H. Uptake of acetone, 2-butanone, 2,3-butanedione and 2-oxopropanal on a water surface. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2004. [DOI: 10.1039/b313474a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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37
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Katrib Y, Le Calvé S, Mirabel P. Uptake Measurements of Dibasic Esters by Water Droplets and Determination of Their Henry's Law Constants. J Phys Chem A 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0368132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasmine Katrib
- Centre de Géochimie de la Surface/CNRS and Université Louis Pasteur, 1 rue Blessig, F-67084 Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Stéphane Le Calvé
- Centre de Géochimie de la Surface/CNRS and Université Louis Pasteur, 1 rue Blessig, F-67084 Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Philippe Mirabel
- Centre de Géochimie de la Surface/CNRS and Université Louis Pasteur, 1 rue Blessig, F-67084 Strasbourg Cedex, France
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38
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Strekowski RS, Remorov R, George C. Direct Kinetic Study of the Reaction of Cl2•- Radical Anions with Ethanol at the Air−Water Interface. J Phys Chem A 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp026174f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R. S. Strekowski
- Laboratoire d'Application de la Chimie à l'Environnement (UCBL-CNRS), 43 boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France, and Institute of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Science, 4 Kosygin Street, Moscow 117977, Russia
| | - R. Remorov
- Laboratoire d'Application de la Chimie à l'Environnement (UCBL-CNRS), 43 boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France, and Institute of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Science, 4 Kosygin Street, Moscow 117977, Russia
| | - Ch. George
- Laboratoire d'Application de la Chimie à l'Environnement (UCBL-CNRS), 43 boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France, and Institute of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Science, 4 Kosygin Street, Moscow 117977, Russia
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Zhang Q, Carpenter CJ, Kemper PR, Bowers MT. On the dissolution processes of Na2I+ and Na3I2+ with the association of water molecules: mechanistic and energetic details. J Am Chem Soc 2003; 125:3341-52. [PMID: 12630890 DOI: 10.1021/ja028411y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The sequential association energies for one through six water molecules clustering to Na(2)I(+), as well as one and two water molecules clustering to Na(3)I(2)(+), are measured. The association energies show a pairwise behavior, indicating a symmetric association of water molecules to the linear Na(2)I(+) and Na(3)I(2)(+) ions. This pairwise behavior is well reproduced by Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. DFT calculations also suggest that a significant separation of charge for the Na-I ion pair occurs when four or more water molecules cluster to a single sodium center. Two different solvent-separated ion pairs have been identified with the DFT calculations. Experiments also show that the dissolution processes, loss of a neutral NaI unit, occurs when six or more water molecules have been added to Na(2)I(+) cluster. However, one or two water molecules are able to detach an NaI unit from the Na(3)I(2)(+) cluster. The difference in solubility of the Na(2)I(+) and Na(3)I(2)(+) ions is due to the difference in the energies required to lose an NaI unit from these two species. The experiment also confirms that the loss of a neutral NaI unit, instead of an Na(+) ion, occurs during the dissolution processes of Na(3)I(2)(+). The microsolvation schemes proposed to explain our experimental observations are supported by DFT and phase space theory (PST) calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9510, USA
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Wuebbles DJ, Patten KO, Johnson MT, Kotamarthi R. New methodology for Ozone Depletion Potentials of short-lived compounds: n-Propyl bromide as an example. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd900008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Dedonder-Lardeux C, Grégoire G, Jouvet C, Martrenchard S, Solgadi D. Charge Separation in Molecular Clusters: Dissolution of a Salt in a Salt-(Solvent)(n)() Cluster. Chem Rev 2000; 100:4023-38. [PMID: 11749338 DOI: 10.1021/cr990059s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C Dedonder-Lardeux
- Laboratoire de Photophysique Moléculaire du CNRS, Bât. 210, Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis Schweitzer
- Centre de Géochimie de la Surface/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and Université Louis Pasteur, 28 rue Goethe, F-67083 Strasbourg, France
| | - Philippe Mirabel
- Centre de Géochimie de la Surface/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and Université Louis Pasteur, 28 rue Goethe, F-67083 Strasbourg, France
| | - Christian George
- Centre de Géochimie de la Surface/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and Université Louis Pasteur, 28 rue Goethe, F-67083 Strasbourg, France
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