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Tanaka N, Sawada SI, Yamaki T, Kodaira T, Kimura T, Nomura M. Improvement of HI concentration performance for hydrogen production iodine–sulfur process using crosslinked cation-exchange membrane. Chem Eng Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2021.116575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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2
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Thorning F, Strunge K, Jensen F, Ogilby PR. The complex between molecular oxygen and an organic molecule: modeling optical transitions to the intermolecular charge-transfer state. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:15038-15048. [PMID: 34212959 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp01738a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The collision complex between the ground electronic state of an organic molecule, M, and ground state oxygen, O2(X3Σg-), can absorb light to produce an intermolecular charge transfer (CT) state, often represented simply as the M radical cation, M+˙, paired with the superoxide radical anion, O2-˙. Aspects of this transition have been the subject of numerous studies for ∼70 years, many of which address fundamental concepts in chemistry and physics. We now examine the extent to which the combination of Molecular Dynamics simulations and electronic structure response methods can model transitions to the toluene-O2 CT state. To account for the experimental spectra, we consider (a) the distribution of toluene-O2 geometries that contribute to the transitions, (b) a quantitative description of intermolecular CT, and (c) oxygen-induced local transitions in toluene that complement the CT transitions, specifically transitions that populate toluene triplet states. We find that the latter oxygen-induced local transitions play a prominent role on the long wavelength side of the spectrum commonly attributed to the intermolecular CT transition. Our calculations provide a new perspective on the seminal discussion between R. S. Mulliken and D. F. Evans on the nature of O2-dependent transitions in organic molecules, and bode well for modeling transitions to excited states with CT character in noncovalent weakly-bonded molecular complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kris Strunge
- Chemistry Department, Aarhus University, DK-8000, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Frank Jensen
- Chemistry Department, Aarhus University, DK-8000, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Peter R Ogilby
- Chemistry Department, Aarhus University, DK-8000, Aarhus, Denmark.
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3
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Afrooz M, Dehghani H. Effects of triphenyl phosphate as an inexpensive additive on the photovoltaic performance of dye-sensitized nanocrystalline TiO2 solar cells. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra06849e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, triphenyl phosphate (TPP) is applied as an effective and inexpensive additive in the dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) and an increase in the photoelectric conversion efficiency is obtained of almost 24%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malihe Afrooz
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- University of Kashan
- Kashan
- I. R. Iran
| | - Hossein Dehghani
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- University of Kashan
- Kashan
- I. R. Iran
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4
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Hong J, Cho KY, Shin DG, Kim JI, Riu DH. Room temperature reaction of polycarbosilane with iodine under different atmospheres for polymer-derived silicon carbide fibres. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra11009b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Iodisation of polycarbosilane under an oxygen-free atmosphere, even at room temperature, leads to the cleavage of Si–H and C–H bonds and construction of –Si–C– networks, thereby allowing oxygen-free curing for SiC fibres with low oxygen contents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junsung Hong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Seoul National University of Science & Technology
- Seoul 139-743, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Future & Convergence Materials
- Seoul National University of Science & Technology
| | - Kwang-Youn Cho
- Nano Convergence-Intelligence Material Team
- Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering and Technology
- Jinju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Geun Shin
- Energy Efficient Materials Team
- Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering and Technology
- Jinju-si, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Doh-Hyung Riu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Seoul National University of Science & Technology
- Seoul 139-743, Republic of Korea
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5
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Kalume A, George L, Powell AD, Dawes R, Reid SA. Photoinduced electron transfer in donor-acceptor complexes of ethylene with molecular and atomic iodine. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:6838-45. [PMID: 25075444 DOI: 10.1021/jp412212h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Building upon our recent studies of radical addition pathways following excitation of the I2 chromophore in the donor-acceptor complex of ethylene and I2 (C2H4···I2), in this article, we extend our studies to examine photoinduced electron transfer. Thus, irradiation into the intense charge-transfer band of the complex (λmax = 247 nm) gave rise to a band at 366 nm that is assigned to the bridged ethylene-I radical complex on the basis of our prior work. The formation of the radical complex is explained by a mechanism that involves rapid back electron transfer leading to I-I bond fission. Excitation into the charge-transfer band of the radical complex led to regeneration of the parent complex and the formation of the final photoproduct, anti- and gauche-1,2-diiodoethane, which confirms that the reaction proceeds ultimately by a radical addition mechanism. This finding is contrasted with our previous study of the C2H4···Br2 complex, where CT excitation led to only one product, anti-1,2-dibromoethane, a result explained by a single electron-transfer mechanism proceeding via a bridged bromonium ion intermediate. For the I2 complex, the breakup of the photolytically generated I2(-•) anion radical is apparently sufficiently slow to render it uncompetitive with back electron transfer. Finally, we report a detailed computational examination of the parent and radical complexes of both bromine and iodine, using high-level single- and multireference methods, which provide insight into the different behaviors of the charge-transfer states of the two radicals and the role of spin-orbit coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimable Kalume
- Department of Chemistry, Marquette University , Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53233, United States
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6
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Tanaka N, Yamaki T, Asano M, Terai T, Onuki K. Affinity of ion-exchange membranes for HI–I2–H2O mixture. J Memb Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2014.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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7
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Chernov’yants MS, Burykin IV, Kostrub VV, Tsupak EB, Starikova ZA, Kirsanova JA. Reaction of 1Н,2Н,3Н,4Н-pyrido[4,3-d]pyrimidinium bromide derivatives with molecular iodine: Comparative structure and spectroscopic analysis. J Mol Struct 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2011.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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8
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Šakić D, Vrček V. Prereactive Complexes in Chlorination of Benzene, Triazine, and Tetrazine: A Quantum Chemical Study. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:1298-306. [DOI: 10.1021/jp210993k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Davor Šakić
- Faculty of Pharmacy and
Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A.
Kovačića 1,
HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Valerije Vrček
- Faculty of Pharmacy and
Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A.
Kovačića 1,
HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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9
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Deng Y, Feng X, Zhou M, Qian Y, Yu H, Qiu X. Investigation of Aggregation and Assembly of Alkali Lignin Using Iodine as a Probe. Biomacromolecules 2011; 12:1116-25. [DOI: 10.1021/bm101449b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yonghong Deng
- State Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinjia Feng
- State Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingsong Zhou
- State Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Qian
- State Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Haifeng Yu
- Top Runner Incubation Center for Academia-Industry Fusion, and Department of Materials Science and Technology, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1 Kamitomioka, Nagaoka 940-2188, Japan
| | - Xueqing Qiu
- State Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
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10
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Filimonov VD, Poleshchuk OK, Krasnokutskaya EA, Frenking G. DFT investigation of the thermodynamics and mechanism of electrophilic chlorination and iodination of arenes. J Mol Model 2011; 17:2759-71. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-011-0964-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2010] [Accepted: 01/06/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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12
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Barnes NA, Flower KR, Fyyaz SA, Godfrey SM, McGown AT, Miles PJ, Pritchard RG, Warren JE. Can the solid state structures of the dihalogen adducts R3EX2(E = P, As; R = alkyl, aryl; X = Br, I) with the molecular spoke geometry be considered good mimics of the gold(i) systems [(R3E)AuX] (E = As, P; R = alkyl, aryl; X = Cl, Br, I)? CrystEngComm 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/b917245a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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13
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Yurieva AG, Poleshchuk OK, Filimonov VD. Comparative analysis of a full-electron basis set and pseudopotential for the iodine atom in DFT quantum-chemical calculations of iodine-containing compounds. J STRUCT CHEM+ 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s10947-008-0073-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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14
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Filimonov VD, Krasnokytskaya EA, Poleshchuk OK, Lesina YA. Theoretical analysis of reactions of electrophilic iodination and chlorination of benzene and polycyclic arenes in density functional theory approximation. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2008. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428008050072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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15
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Cheng PY, Baskin JS, Zewail AH. Dynamics of clusters: from elementary to biological structures. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006; 103:10570-6. [PMID: 16740669 PMCID: PMC1502273 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0507114103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Between isolated atoms or molecules and bulk materials there lies a class of unique structures, known as clusters, that consist of a few to hundreds of atoms or molecules. Within this range of "nanophase," many physical and chemical properties of the materials evolve as a function of cluster size, and materials may exhibit novel properties due to quantum confinement effects. Understanding these phenomena is in its own rights fundamental, but clusters have the additional advantage of being controllable model systems for unraveling the complexity of condensed-phase and biological structures, not to mention their vanguard role in defining nanoscience and nanotechnology. Over the last two decades, much progress has been made, and this short overview highlights our own involvement in developing cluster dynamics, from the first experiments on elementary systems to model systems in the condensed phase, and on to biological structures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - J. Spencer Baskin
- Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125
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16
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Wei Y, Wang BW, Hu SW, Chu TW, Tang LT, Liu XQ, Wang Y, Wang XY. Theoretical study of the iodination of methoxybenzene by iodine monochloride. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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17
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Tang LT, Wei Y, Wang Y, Hu SW, Liu XQ, Chu TW, Wang XY. A density functional study on the formation of charge transfer complexes between alkaloids and iodine monochloride. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theochem.2004.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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18
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19
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Affiliation(s)
- T E Dermota
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
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20
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Parsons BF, Chandler DW. On the Dissociation of van der Waals Clusters of X2−Cyclohexane (X = O, Cl) Following Charge-Transfer Excitation in the Ultraviolet. J Phys Chem A 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0301150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bradley F. Parsons
- Sandia National Laboratories, Combustion Research Facility, Livermore, California 94550
| | - David W. Chandler
- Sandia National Laboratories, Combustion Research Facility, Livermore, California 94550
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21
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Goodpaster JV, Harrison JF, McGuffin VL. Ab Initio Study of Selective Fluorescence Quenching of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. J Phys Chem A 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp021454g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John V. Goodpaster
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Fundamental Materials Research, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1322
| | - James F. Harrison
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Fundamental Materials Research, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1322
| | - Victoria L. McGuffin
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Fundamental Materials Research, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1322
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22
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Kim KS, Tarakeshwar P, Lee JY. Molecular Clusters of pi-Systems: Theoretical Studies of Structures, Spectra, and Origin of Interaction Energies. Chem Rev 2000; 100:4145-86. [PMID: 11749343 DOI: 10.1021/cr990051i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 917] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K S Kim
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Superfunctional Materials, Department of Chemistry, Division of Molecular and Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, San 31, Hyojadong, Pohang 790-784, Korea
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23
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Zhong Q, Castleman AW. An ultrafast glimpse of cluster solvation effects on reaction dynamics. Chem Rev 2000; 100:4039-58. [PMID: 11749339 DOI: 10.1021/cr990056f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Q Zhong
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
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24
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Zewail A. Femtochemie: Studium der Dynamik der chemischen Bindung auf atomarer Skala mit Hilfe ultrakurzer Laserpulse (Nobel-Aufsatz). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2000. [DOI: 10.1002/1521-3757(20000804)112:15<2688::aid-ange2688>3.0.co;2-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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25
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Zhong D, Bernhardt TM, Zewail AH. Femtosecond Real-Time Probing of Reactions. 24. Time, Velocity, and Orientation Mapping of the Dynamics of Dative Bonding in Bimolecular Electron Transfer Reactions. J Phys Chem A 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9919359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dongping Zhong
- Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125
| | - Thorsten M. Bernhardt
- Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125
| | - Ahmed H. Zewail
- Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125
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26
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Zhong D, Zewail AH. Femtosecond dynamics of dative bonding: concepts of reversible and dissociative electron transfer reactions. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1999; 96:2602-7. [PMID: 10077556 PMCID: PMC15814 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.96.6.2602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
With fs time, speed, and angular resolution of the elementary steps in electron transfer reactions, we report direct observation of reversible and dissociative processes for dative bonding involving covalent and ionic characters. For bimolecular reactions of various donors and acceptors we find strong correlation between the structure and the dynamics. The dynamics from the transition state to final products involve two elementary processes, with different reaction times, speed, and angular distributions. For example, for the R2S.I2 (R = C2H5) system, it is shown that after charge separation, the reversible electron transfer occurs in less than 150 fs (fastest trajectory) and is followed by the rupture of the I-I bond with the release of the first I-atom in 510 fs. However, the second process of the remaining and trapped I-atom takes 1.15 ps with its speed (500 m/s) being much smaller than the first one (1,030 m/s). The S-I-I average angle is 130 degrees. These findings, on this and the other systems reported here, elucidate the mechanism and address some concepts of nonconcertedness, caging, and restricted energy redistribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Zhong
- Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
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27
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Molecular clusters. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s1063-5467(98)80003-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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