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Quack M, Seyfang G, Wichmann G. Perspectives on parity violation in chiral molecules: theory, spectroscopic experiment and biomolecular homochirality. Chem Sci 2022; 13:10598-10643. [PMID: 36320700 PMCID: PMC9491092 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc01323a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The reflection (or ‘mirror’) symmetry of space is among the fundamental symmetries of physics. It is connected to the conservation law for the quantum number parity and a fundamental ‘non-observable’ property of space (as defined by an absolute ‘left-handed’ or ‘right-handed’ coordinate system). The discovery of the violation of this symmetry – the non-conservation of parity or ‘parity violation’ – in 1956/1957 had an important influence on the further development of physics. In chemistry the mirror symmetry of space is connected to the existence of enantiomers as isomers of chiral (‘handed’) molecules. These isomers would relate to each other as idealized left or right hand or as image and mirror image and would be energetically exactly equivalent with perfect space inversion symmetry. Parity violation results in an extremely small ‘parity violating’ energy difference between the ground states of the enantiomers which can be theoretically calculated to be about 100 aeV to 1 feV (equivalent to 10−11 to 10−10 J mol−1), depending on the molecule, but which has not yet been detected experimentally. Its detection remains one of the great challenges of current physical–chemical stereochemistry, with implications also for fundamental problems in physics. In biochemistry and molecular biology one finds a related fundamental question unanswered for more than 100 years: the evolution of ‘homochirality’, which is the practically exclusive preference of one chiral, enantiomeric form as building blocks in the biopolymers of all known forms of life (the l-amino acids in proteins and d-sugars in DNA, not the reverse d-amino acids or l-sugars). In astrobiology the spectroscopic detection of homochirality could be used as strong evidence for the existence of extraterrestrial life, if any. After a brief conceptual and historical introduction we review the development, current status, and progress along these three lines of research: theory, spectroscopic experiment and the outlook towards an understanding of the evolution of biomolecular homochirality. The reflection (or ‘mirror’) symmetry of space is among the fundamental symmetries of physics. It is connected to the conservation law for the quantum number purity and its violation and has a fundamental relation to stereochemistry and molecular chirality.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Quack
- Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Georg Seyfang
- Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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Marquardt R, Quack M, Stohner J, Thanopulos I. Quantum dynamics and spectra of the iodine atom in a strong laser field as calculated with the URIMIR package. Mol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2019.1606952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Marquardt
- Laboratoire de Chimie Quantique, Institut de Chimie (UMR 7177 CNRS/Unistra), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - M. Quack
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - J. Stohner
- ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, ICBT Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, ICTNS, Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - I. Thanopulos
- Department of Optics and Optometry, T.E.I. of Western Greece, Aigio, Greece
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Lin H, Yang L, Feng XJ, Zhang JT. Discovery of New Lines in the R9 Multiplet of the 2v_{3} Band of ^{12}CH_{4}. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 122:013002. [PMID: 31012704 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.013002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We present the first results for resolving methane (CH_{4}) line transition frequencies down to the kilohertz level for overlapping lines using comb-linked cavity ring-down spectroscopy, while most available laboratory measurements, having resolution at the megahertz level, cannot separate merged lines. To demonstrate the technique, Lamb-dip spectra and linear-absorption spectra were used to identify overlapped lines of vibration-rotation spectra in the R9 multiplet of the 2v_{3} band. Three new weak lines were found for the first time. The experimental methods are extensible to other important bands of CH_{4} and many other gas-phase molecules, and should provide a more detailed understanding of molecular structure and line parameters for future high-precision studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Lin
- Division of Thermophysics and Process Measurements, National Institute of Metrology, 18 Bei San Huang Dong Lu, Chao Yang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - L Yang
- Division of Thermophysics and Process Measurements, National Institute of Metrology, 18 Bei San Huang Dong Lu, Chao Yang District, Beijing 100029, China
- Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, 1 Qing Hua Yuan, Hai Dian District, Beijing 100084, China
| | - X J Feng
- Division of Thermophysics and Process Measurements, National Institute of Metrology, 18 Bei San Huang Dong Lu, Chao Yang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - J T Zhang
- Division of Thermophysics and Process Measurements, National Institute of Metrology, 18 Bei San Huang Dong Lu, Chao Yang District, Beijing 100029, China
- Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, 1 Qing Hua Yuan, Hai Dian District, Beijing 100084, China
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Prentner R, Quack M, Stohner J, Willeke M. Wavepacket Dynamics of the Axially Chiral Molecule Cl–O–O–Cl under Coherent Radiative Excitation and Including Electroweak Parity Violation. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:12805-22. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b08958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Prentner
- Laboratory
for Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Chair for Philosophy, ETH Zürich, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Quack
- Laboratory
for Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jürgen Stohner
- Institute
for Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Zürich University for Applied Sciences, Campus Reidbach, CH-8840 Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - Martin Willeke
- Laboratory
for Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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Rey M, Nikitin AV, Tyuterev VG. First Predictions of Rotationally Resolved Infrared Spectra of Dideuteromethane (12CH2D2) From Potential Energy and Dipole Moment Surfaces. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:4763-79. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b00587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michaël Rey
- Groupe
de Spectrométrie Moléculaire et Atmosphérique, UMR CNRS 7331, BP 1039, F-51687, Reims Cedex 2, France
| | - Andrei V. Nikitin
- Laboratory
of Theoretical Spectroscopy, Institute of Atmospheric Optics, SB RAS, 634055 TOMSK, Russia
| | - Vladimir G. Tyuterev
- Groupe
de Spectrométrie Moléculaire et Atmosphérique, UMR CNRS 7331, BP 1039, F-51687, Reims Cedex 2, France
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Ulenikov ON, Bekhtereva ES, Albert S, Bauerecker S, Niederer HM, Quack M. Survey of the high resolution infrared spectrum of methane (12CH4and13CH4): Partial vibrational assignment extended towards 12 000 cm−1. J Chem Phys 2014; 141:234302. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4899263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- O. N. Ulenikov
- Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Institute of Physics and Technology National Research, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk 634050, Russia
| | - E. S. Bekhtereva
- Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Institute of Physics and Technology National Research, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk 634050, Russia
| | - S. Albert
- Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Swiss Light Source, Paul-Scherrer-Institute, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - S. Bauerecker
- Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - H. M. Niederer
- Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - M. Quack
- Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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Nikitin AV, Boudon V, Wenger C, Albert S, Brown LR, Bauerecker S, Quack M. High resolution spectroscopy and the first global analysis of the Tetradecad region of methane 12CH4. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:10071-93. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp50799h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Tanner CM, Quack M. Reinvestigation of the ν2 + 2ν3subband in the overtone icosad of12CH4using cavity ring-down (CRD) spectroscopy of a supersonic jet expansion. Mol Phys 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2012.702934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Ulenikov O, Bekhtereva E, Albert S, Bauerecker S, Hollenstein H, Quack M. High resolution infrared spectroscopy and global vibrational analysis for the CH3D and CHD3isotopomers of methane. Mol Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2010.483131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Elghobashi N, González L, Manz J. Quantum Simulations for Isotope Effects of IR + UV Laser Pulses on Symmetry and Selective Hydrogen Bond Breaking. Z PHYS CHEM 2009. [DOI: 10.1524/zpch.217.12.1577.20472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Intense few-cycle femtosecond (fs) infrared (IR) laser pulses yield dynamical symmetry breaking of oriented strong symmetric hydrogen bonds A···H···A due to nearly coherent vibrational excitation. Consequently, the system evolves with alternate stretches or compressions of the competing bonds A···H and H···A. For a specific stretch of, say, the H···A bond, an ultrashort ultraviolet (UV) laser pulse may induce a nearly instantaneous electronic excitation and/or photo-detachment by means of a Franck–Condon(FC)-type transition to a dissociative potential energy surface of the excited state. The stretched bond, H····A, will then dissociate selectively, yielding preferably the products AH+A. A minor fraction of the other products A+HA may also be formed due to competing wavepacket dispersion. The corresponding isotope effects are investigated by means of the representative laser driven molecular wavepackets which are propagated on ab initio potential energy surfaces and with ab initio dipole coupling for the model systems, FHF− versus FDF−. The resulting quantum dynamics for both systems are nearly equivalent if the driving IR laser fields are scaled with decreasing carrier frequency and amplitudes and increasing durations for the corresponding increasing masses of the isotopomers.
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Ulenikov ON, Bekhtereva ES, Albert S, Bauerecker S, Hollenstein H, Quack M. High-Resolution Near Infrared Spectroscopy and Vibrational Dynamics of Dideuteromethane (CH2D2). J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:2218-31. [DOI: 10.1021/jp809839t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- O. N. Ulenikov
- Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland, Laboratory of Molecular Spectroscopy, Physics Department, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, 634050, Russia, and Technische Universität Braunschweig, D - 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - E. S. Bekhtereva
- Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland, Laboratory of Molecular Spectroscopy, Physics Department, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, 634050, Russia, and Technische Universität Braunschweig, D - 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - S. Albert
- Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland, Laboratory of Molecular Spectroscopy, Physics Department, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, 634050, Russia, and Technische Universität Braunschweig, D - 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - S. Bauerecker
- Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland, Laboratory of Molecular Spectroscopy, Physics Department, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, 634050, Russia, and Technische Universität Braunschweig, D - 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - H. Hollenstein
- Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland, Laboratory of Molecular Spectroscopy, Physics Department, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, 634050, Russia, and Technische Universität Braunschweig, D - 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - M. Quack
- Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland, Laboratory of Molecular Spectroscopy, Physics Department, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, 634050, Russia, and Technische Universität Braunschweig, D - 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
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Ulenikov ON, Bekhtereva ES, Grebneva SV, Hollenstein H, Quack M. High resolution Fourier transform spectroscopy of CH2D2in the region 2350–2650 cm−1: the bands ν5+ ν7, 2ν9, ν3+ ν4, ν3+ ν7and ν5+ ν9. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2005; 7:1142-50. [DOI: 10.1039/b414879g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Abbott HL, Bukoski A, Harrison I. Microcanonical unimolecular rate theory at surfaces. II. Vibrational state resolved dissociative chemisorption of methane on Ni(100). J Chem Phys 2004; 121:3792-810. [PMID: 15303948 DOI: 10.1063/1.1777221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A three-parameter microcanonical theory of gas-surface reactivity is used to investigate the dissociative chemisorption of methane impinging on a Ni(100) surface. Assuming an apparent threshold energy for dissociative chemisorption of E(0)=65 kJ/mol, contributions to the dissociative sticking coefficient from individual methane vibrational states are calculated: (i) as a function of molecular translational energy to model nonequilibrium molecular beam experiments and (ii) as a function of temperature to model thermal equilibrium mbar pressure bulb experiments. Under fairly typical molecular beam conditions (e.g., E(t)>/=25 kJ mol(-1), T(s)>/=475 K, T(n)</=400 K), sticking from methane in the ground vibrational state dominates the overall sticking. In contrast, under thermal equilibrium conditions at temperatures T>/=100 K the dissociative sticking is dominated by methane in vibrationally excited states, particularly those involving excitation of the nu(4) bending mode. Fractional energy uptakes f(j) defined as the fraction of the mean energy of the reacting gas-surface collision complexes that derives from specific degrees of freedom of the reactants (i.e., molecular translation, rotation, vibration, and surface) are calculated for thermal dissociative chemisorption. At 500 K, the fractional energy uptakes are calculated to be f(t)=14%, f(r)=21%, f(v)=40%, and f(s)=25%. Over the temperature range from 500 K to 1500 K relevant to thermal catalysis, the incident gas-phase molecules supply the preponderance of energy used to surmount the barrier to dissociative chemisorption, f(g)=f(t)+f(r)+f(v) approximately 75%, with the highest energy uptake always coming from the molecular vibrational degrees of freedom. The predictions of the statistical, mode-nonspecific microcanonical theory are compared to those of other dynamical theories and to recent experimental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- H L Abbott
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904-4319, USA
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Elghobashi N, Gonzalez L, Manz J. Quantum model simulations of symmetry breaking and control of bond selective dissociation of FHF− using IR+UV laser pulses. J Chem Phys 2004; 120:8002-14. [PMID: 15267718 DOI: 10.1063/1.1691022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Symmetry breaking and control of bond selective dissociation can be achieved by means of ultrashort few-cycle-infrared (IR) and ultraviolet (UV) laser pulses. The mechanism is demonstrated for the oriented model system, FHF-, by nuclear wave packets which are propagated on two-dimensional potential energy surfaces calculated at the QCISD/d-aug-cc-pVTZ level of theory. The IR laser pulse is optimized to drive the wave packet coherently along alternate bonds. Next, a well-timed ultrashort UV laser pulse excites the wave packet, via photodetachment of the negative bihalide anion, to the bond selective domain of the neutral surface close to the transition state. The excited wave packet is then biased to evolve along the pre-excited bond toward the target product channel, rather than bifurcating in equal amounts. Comparison of the vibrational frequencies obtained within our model with harmonic and experimental frequencies indicates substantial anharmonicities and mode couplings which impose restrictions on the mechanism in the domain of ultrashort laser fields. Extended applications of the method to randomly oriented or to asymmetric systems XHY- are also discussed, implying the control of product directionality and competing bond-breaking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Elghobashi
- Institut fur Chemie-Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Freie Universitat Berlin, Takustrasse 3, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
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Marquardt R, Quack M. Global Analytical Potential Hypersurface for Large Amplitude Nuclear Motion and Reactions in Methane II. Characteristic Properties of the Potential and Comparison to Other Potentials and Experimental Information. J Phys Chem A 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp037305v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Marquardt
- Laboratoire de Chimie Theorique, Université de Marne-la-Vallée, 5 Bd Descartes (Champs-sur-Marne), F-77454 Marne-la-Vallée CEDEX 2, France
| | - Martin Quack
- Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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Marquardt R, Quack M, Thanopulos I, Luckhaus D. Tunneling dynamics of the NH chromophore in NHD2 during and after coherent infrared excitation. J Chem Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1514577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Marquardt
- Laboratoire de Chimie Théorique, Université de Marne-la-Vallée, 5 Bd Descartes (Champs-sur-Marne), F-77454 Marne-la-Vallée Cedex 2, France
| | - Martin Quack
- Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, CH-8093-Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - David Luckhaus
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Tammanstrasse 6, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
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Bukoski A, Blumling D, Harrison I. Microcanonical unimolecular rate theory at surfaces. I. Dissociative chemisorption of methane on Pt(111). J Chem Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1525803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Hippler M, Quack M. High-resolution Fourier transform infrared and cw-diode laser cavity ringdown spectroscopy of the ν2+2ν3 band of methane near 7510 cm−1 in slit jet expansions and at room temperature. J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1433505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Hervé S, Le Quéré F, Marquardt R. Generation of semiclassical and delocalized vibrational wave packet motion of HF molecules oriented in an external static electric field. J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1436114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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He SG, Lin H, Bürger H, Thiel W, Ding Y, Zhu QS. Calculation of the Si–H stretching–bending overtones in SiHCl[sub 3] employing ab initio potential energy and dipole moment surfaces. J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1417505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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DONLEY EA, MARQUARDTT R, QUACK M, STOHNER J, THANOPULOS I, WALLENBORN EU. Some simple mechanisms of multiphoton excitation in many-level systems. Mol Phys 2001. [DOI: 10.1080/00268970010009657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Jung C, Ziemniak E, Taylor HS. Extracting the CH chromophore vibrational dynamics of CHBrClF directly from spectra: Unexpected constants of the motion and symmetries. J Chem Phys 2001. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1386787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Lin H, Bürger H, MKadmi EB, He SG, Yuan LF, Breidung J, Thiel W, Huet TR, Demaison J. The Si–H stretching–bending overtone polyads of SiHF3: Assignments, band intensities, internal coordinate force field, and ab initio dipole moment surfaces. J Chem Phys 2001. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1376393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Hervé S, Quéré FL, Marquardt R. Rotational and vibrational wave packet motion during the infrared multiphoton excitation of HF. J Chem Phys 2001. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1330747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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