1
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Abstract
Despite the first proposal on the cage inflation of fullerenes in 1991, the chemical expansion of fullerenes has been still a formidable challenge. Herein, we provide an efficient methodology to expand [60] and [70]fullerene cages by the inclusion of totally C5N unit, giving nitrogen-containing closed structures as C65N and C75N with double fused heptagons. This method consists of two steps commenced with the construction of an opening by the reaction with triazine as a C3N source, followed by the cage reformation using N-phenylmaleimide as a C2 source. We also synthesized endohedral cages, demonstrating that the encapsulated H2O molecule inside the C75N cage prefers the orientation which maximizes the intramolecular interaction with the carbon wall. Additionally, we revealed the existence of a through-space magnetic dipolar interaction between the encapsulated H2 molecule and the embedded N atom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Zhang
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Hashikawa
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yasujiro Murata
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
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2
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Suárez M, Makowski K, Lemos R, Almagro L, Rodríguez H, Herranz MÁ, Molero D, Ortiz O, Maroto E, Albericio F, Murata Y, Martín N. An Androsterone-H 2 @C 60 hybrid: Synthesis, Properties and Molecular Docking Simulations with SARS-Cov-2. Chempluschem 2021; 86:972-981. [PMID: 33540487 PMCID: PMC8014820 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
We report the synthesis and characterization of a fullerene-steroid hybrid that contains H2 @C60 and a dehydroepiandrosterone moiety synthesized by a cyclopropanation reaction with 76 % yield. Theoretical calculations at the DFT-D3(BJ)/PBE 6-311G(d,p) level predict the most stable conformation and that the saturation of a double bond is the main factor causing the upfield shielding of the signal appearing at -3.13 ppm, which corresponds to the H2 located inside the fullerene cage. Relevant stereoelectronic parameters were also investigated and reinforce the idea that electronic interactions must be considered to develop studies on chemical-biological interactions. A molecular docking simulation predicted that the binding energy values for the protease-hybrid complexes were -9.9 kcal/mol and -13.5 kcal/mol for PLpro and 3CLpro respectively, indicating the potential use of the synthesized steroid-H2 @C60 as anti-SARS-Cov-2 agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Suárez
- Laboratorio de Síntesis OrgánicaFacultad de QuímicaUniversidad de la Habana10400La HabanaCuba
| | - Kamil Makowski
- Departament of Surfactants and NanobiotechnologyInstitute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC) and CIBER-BBNBarcelonaSpain
| | - Reinier Lemos
- Laboratorio de Síntesis OrgánicaFacultad de QuímicaUniversidad de la Habana10400La HabanaCuba
| | - Luis Almagro
- Laboratorio de Síntesis OrgánicaFacultad de QuímicaUniversidad de la Habana10400La HabanaCuba
| | - Hortensia Rodríguez
- Yachay Tech UniversitySchool of Chemical Sciences and Engineering100119-UrququiEcuador
| | - María Ángeles Herranz
- Departamento de Química OrgánicaFacultad de Ciencias QuímicasUniversidad Complutense de Madrid28040-MadridSpain
| | - Dolores Molero
- CAI RMN Universidad Complutense de Madrid 28040 Madrid (Spain)
| | - Orlando Ortiz
- Laboratorio de Síntesis OrgánicaFacultad de QuímicaUniversidad de la Habana10400La HabanaCuba
| | - Enrique Maroto
- Departamento de Química OrgánicaFacultad de Ciencias QuímicasUniversidad Complutense de Madrid28040-MadridSpain
| | - Fernando Albericio
- School of Chemistry and PhysicsUniversity of KwaZul-NatalDurbanSouth Africa
| | - Yasujiro Murata
- Institute for Chemical ResearchKyoto University UjiKyoto611-0011Japan
| | - Nazario Martín
- Departamento de Química OrgánicaFacultad de Ciencias QuímicasUniversidad Complutense de Madrid28040-MadridSpain
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3
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Hashikawa Y, Hasegawa S, Murata Y. Precise Fixation of an NO Molecule inside Carbon Nanopores: A Long‐Range Electron–Nuclear Interaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202012538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shota Hasegawa
- Institute for Chemical Research Kyoto University Uji Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
| | - Yasujiro Murata
- Institute for Chemical Research Kyoto University Uji Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
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4
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Hashikawa Y, Hasegawa S, Murata Y. Precise Fixation of an NO Molecule inside Carbon Nanopores: A Long‐Range Electron–Nuclear Interaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 60:2866-2870. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202012538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shota Hasegawa
- Institute for Chemical Research Kyoto University Uji Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
| | - Yasujiro Murata
- Institute for Chemical Research Kyoto University Uji Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
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5
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Shiraishi R, Kaneko T, Usui K, Naganuma T, Iizuka N, Morishita K, Kobayashi S, Fuchi Y, Matsuoka Y, Hirai G, Yamada KI, Karasawa S. Effects of Substituents on the Properties of Metal-Free MRI Contrast Agents. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:20715-20723. [PMID: 31858057 PMCID: PMC6906943 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b03003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Materials possessing electron spin can shorten the T 1 relaxation times in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). For example, gadolinium (Gd) complexes with seven f-orbital electrons are widely used as contrast agents in clinical applications. However, Gd has severe potential side effects, and thus metal-free alternatives are needed. Toward this end, we synthesized seven NO radicals consisting of a dioxa-azaspiro[4.5]decane framework having various substituents, DAD-X (X = methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, c-propyl, vinyl, phenyl, and 2-pyridyl), that functioned as metal-free MRI contrast agents. The relationship between (i) water-proton relaxivity and log P and (ii) reactivity for ascorbic acid and the spin density of the NO oxygen atom were established, which provided a basis for the rational design of practical metal-free contrast agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoma Shiraishi
- Graduate
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu
University, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Tomoyo Kaneko
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa Pharmaceutical
University, Machida 194-0042, Japan
| | - Kazuteru Usui
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa Pharmaceutical
University, Machida 194-0042, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Naganuma
- Japan
REDOX Limited, 4-29-49-805
Chiyo, Hakata-ku, Fukuoka 812-0044, Japan
| | - Naoko Iizuka
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa Pharmaceutical
University, Machida 194-0042, Japan
| | - Kosuke Morishita
- Graduate
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu
University, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Shigeki Kobayashi
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa Pharmaceutical
University, Machida 194-0042, Japan
| | - Yasufumi Fuchi
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa Pharmaceutical
University, Machida 194-0042, Japan
| | - Yuta Matsuoka
- Graduate
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu
University, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Go Hirai
- Graduate
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu
University, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Ken-ichi Yamada
- Graduate
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu
University, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
- PRESTO,
Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi 332-0012, Japan
| | - Satoru Karasawa
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa Pharmaceutical
University, Machida 194-0042, Japan
- PRESTO,
Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi 332-0012, Japan
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6
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Meng H, Zhao C, Li Y, Nie M, Wang C, Wang T. An implanted paramagnetic metallofullerene probe within a metal-organic framework. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:3291-3298. [PMID: 29384170 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr09420e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Paramagnetic endohedral metallofullerene can be used as a molecular probe because of its sensitive electron spin characters, one of which is to sense its surroundings. Metal-organic framework (MOF) materials have significant applications in selective adsorption owing to their porous structures. Herein, we report a Sc3C2@C80 spin probe implanted in MOF-177 to detect the unusual host-guest interaction between the guest molecules of metallofullerene and the host pores of the MOF. Paramagnetic Sc3C2@C80 molecules were incorporated into the pores of MOF-177 via absorption method, and there was strong π-π interaction between oleophilic metallofullerene and aromatic framework. The electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) signals of Sc3C2@C80 in MOF-177 exhibit anisotropic properties caused by the restricted motion of implanted Sc3C2@C80. This unusual host-guest interaction between Sc3C2@C80 and MOF-177 is gradually strengthened with decreasing temperature as revealed by the EPR signals. In addition, the gas desorption from the MOF-177 pores under subatmospheric pressure can weaken the host-guest interaction and lead to slightly enhanced Sc3C2@C80 EPR signals. Furthermore, the changes in the host-guest interaction between Sc3C2@C80 and MOF-177 at different temperatures and pressures exhibit reversibility, as shown by cycling EPR measurements. These results will inspire material design and applications of fullerene and MOF complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibing Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
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7
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Nguyen HVT, Chen Q, Paletta JT, Harvey P, Jiang Y, Zhang H, Boska MD, Ottaviani MF, Jasanoff A, Rajca A, Johnson JA. Nitroxide-Based Macromolecular Contrast Agents with Unprecedented Transverse Relaxivity and Stability for Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Tumors. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2017; 3:800-811. [PMID: 28776023 PMCID: PMC5532724 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.7b00253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Metal-free magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) agents could overcome the established toxicity associated with metal-based agents in some patient populations and enable new modes of functional MRI in vivo. Herein, we report nitroxide-functionalized brush-arm star polymer organic radical contrast agents (BASP-ORCAs) that overcome the low contrast and poor in vivo stability associated with nitroxide-based MRI contrast agents. As a consequence of their unique nanoarchitectures, BASP-ORCAs possess per-nitroxide transverse relaxivities up to ∼44-fold greater than common nitroxides, exceptional stability in highly reducing environments, and low toxicity. These features combine to provide for accumulation of a sufficient concentration of BASP-ORCA in murine subcutaneous tumors up to 20 h following systemic administration such that MRI contrast on par with metal-based agents is observed. BASP-ORCAs are, to our knowledge, the first nitroxide MRI contrast agents capable of tumor imaging over long time periods using clinical high-field 1H MRI techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung V.-T. Nguyen
- Department
of Chemistry, Department of Biological Engineering, Department of Brain
and Cognitive Sciences, and Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Qixian Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, Department of Biological Engineering, Department of Brain
and Cognitive Sciences, and Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Joseph T. Paletta
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Peter Harvey
- Department
of Chemistry, Department of Biological Engineering, Department of Brain
and Cognitive Sciences, and Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Yivan Jiang
- Department
of Chemistry, Department of Biological Engineering, Department of Brain
and Cognitive Sciences, and Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Michael D. Boska
- Department
of Radiology, University of Nebraska Medical
Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United
States
| | | | - Alan Jasanoff
- Department
of Chemistry, Department of Biological Engineering, Department of Brain
and Cognitive Sciences, and Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Andrzej Rajca
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Jeremiah A. Johnson
- Department
of Chemistry, Department of Biological Engineering, Department of Brain
and Cognitive Sciences, and Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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8
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Kaneko S, Hashikawa Y, Fujii S, Murata Y, Kiguchi M. Single Molecular Junction Study on H2
O@C60
: H2
O is “Electrostatically Isolated”. Chemphyschem 2017; 18:1229-1233. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201700173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Kaneko
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science and Engineering; Tokyo Institute of Technology; 2-12-1 W4−10 Ookayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8551 Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Hashikawa
- Institute for Chemical Research; Kyoto University; Gokasho, Uji-city Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
| | - Shintaro Fujii
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science and Engineering; Tokyo Institute of Technology; 2-12-1 W4−10 Ookayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8551 Japan
| | - Yasujiro Murata
- Institute for Chemical Research; Kyoto University; Gokasho, Uji-city Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
| | - Manabu Kiguchi
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science and Engineering; Tokyo Institute of Technology; 2-12-1 W4−10 Ookayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8551 Japan
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9
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Li Y, Wang T, Zhao C, Qin Y, Meng H, Nie M, Jiang L, Wang C. A magnetoreception system constructed by a dysprosium metallofullerene and nitroxide radical. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:8938-8941. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt01761h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
A site-specific magnetoreception system between Dy3N@C80 and nitroxide radical through spin-paramagnet interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjian Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Science
- 100190 Beijing
| | - Taishan Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Science
- 100190 Beijing
| | - Chong Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Science
- 100190 Beijing
| | - Yu Qin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Science
- 100190 Beijing
| | - Haibing Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Science
- 100190 Beijing
| | - Mingzhe Nie
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Science
- 100190 Beijing
| | - Li Jiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Science
- 100190 Beijing
| | - Chunru Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Science
- 100190 Beijing
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10
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Morishita K, Murayama S, Araki T, Aoki I, Karasawa S. Thermal- and pH-Dependent Size Variable Radical Nanoparticles and Its Water Proton Relaxivity for Metal-Free MRI Functional Contrast Agents. J Org Chem 2016; 81:8351-62. [PMID: 27541011 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b01509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
For development of the metal-free MRI contrast agents, we prepared the supra-molecular organic radical, TEMPO-UBD, carrying TEMPO radical, as well as the urea, alkyl group, and phenyl ring, which demonstrate self-assembly behaviors using noncovalent bonds in an aqueous solution. In addition, TEMPO-UBD has the tertiary amine and the oligoethylene glycol chains (OEGs) for the function of pH and thermal responsiveness. By dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy imaging, the resulting self-assembly was seen to form the spherical nanoparticles 10-150 nm in size. On heating, interestingly, the nanoparticles showed a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) behavior having two-step variation. This double-LCST behavior is the first such example among the supra-molecules. To evaluate of the ability as MRI contrast agents, the values of proton ((1)H) longitudinal relaxivity (r1) were determined using MRI apparatus. In conditions below and above CAC at pH 7.0, the distinguishable r1 values were estimated to be 0.17 and 0.21 mM(-1) s(1), indicating the suppression of fast tumbling motion of TEMPO moiety in a nanoparticle. Furthermore, r1 values became larger in the order of pH 7.0 > 9.0 > 5.0. Those thermal and pH dependencies indicated the possibility of metal-fee MRI functional contrast agents in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Morishita
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University , 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Shuhei Murayama
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS), QST , Anagawa 4-9-1, Inage, Chiba-city 263-8555, Japan
| | - Takeru Araki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University , 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Ichio Aoki
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS), QST , Anagawa 4-9-1, Inage, Chiba-city 263-8555, Japan
| | - Satoru Karasawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University , 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.,PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency , Kawaguchi 332-0012, Japan
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11
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Mamone S, Johnson MR, Ollivier J, Rols S, Levitt MH, Horsewill AJ. Symmetry-breaking in the H2@C60 endofullerene revealed by inelastic neutron scattering at low temperature. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:1998-2005. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp07146a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The fine structure of the rotational ground state of molecular ortho-hydrogen confined inside the fullerene cage C60 is investigated by inelastic neutron scattering (INS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Mamone
- School of Physics and Astronomy
- University of Nottingham
- NG7 2RD Nottingham
- UK
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12
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Wu B, Wang T, Feng Y, Zhang Z, Jiang L, Wang C. Molecular magnetic switch for a metallofullerene. Nat Commun 2015; 6:6468. [PMID: 25732144 PMCID: PMC4366484 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The endohedral fullerenes lead to well-protected internal species by the fullerene cages, and even highly reactive radicals can be stabilized. However, the manipulation of the magnetic properties of these radicals from outside remains challenging. Here we report a system of a paramagnetic metallofullerene Sc3C2@C80 connected to a nitroxide radical, to achieve the remote control of the magnetic properties of the metallofullerene. The remote nitroxide group serves as a magnetic switch for the electronic spin resonance (ESR) signals of Sc3C2@C80 via spin–spin interactions. Briefly, the nitroxide radical group can ‘switch off’ the ESR signals of the Sc3C2@C80 moiety. Moreover, the strength of spin–spin interactions between Sc3C2@C80 and the nitroxide group can be manipulated by changing the distance between these two spin centres. In addition, the ESR signals of the Sc3C2@C80 moiety can be switched on at low temperatures through weakened spin–lattice interactions. Endohedral fullerenes are known to stabilize reactive radicals; however, the external magnetic manipulation of these species’ remains challenging. Here, the authors link a nitroxide radical to a paramagnetic fullerene system and are able to alter the spin behaviour of the fullerene via spin–spin interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Taishan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yongqiang Feng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zhuxia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Li Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Chunru Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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13
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Beejapur HA, Campisciano V, Franchi P, Lucarini M, Giacalone F, Gruttadauria M. Fullerene as a Platform for Recyclable TEMPO Organocatalysts for the Oxidation of Alcohols. ChemCatChem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201402262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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14
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Tarasov VF, Jarocha LE, Avdievich NI, Forbes MDE. TREPR spectra of micelle-confined spin correlated radical pairs: I. Molecular motion and simulations. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2014; 13:439-53. [DOI: 10.1039/c3pp50328c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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15
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Garbuio L, Li Y, Antonello S, Gascón JA, Lawler RG, Lei X, Murata Y, Turro NJ, Maran F. Interaction of H2@C60and Nitroxide through Conformationally Constrained Peptide Bridges. Photochem Photobiol 2013; 90:439-47. [DOI: 10.1111/php.12191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2013] [Accepted: 10/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Garbuio
- Department of Chemistry; University of Padova; Padova Italy
| | - Yongjun Li
- Department of Chemistry; Columbia University; New York NY
| | | | - José A. Gascón
- Department of Chemistry; University of Connecticut; Storrs CT
| | | | - Xuegong Lei
- Department of Chemistry; Columbia University; New York NY
| | - Yasujiro Murata
- Institute for Chemical Research; Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
| | | | - Flavio Maran
- Department of Chemistry; University of Padova; Padova Italy
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16
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Li Y, Lei X, Chen JYC, Murata Y, Turro NJ, Lawler RG. Paramagnet Enhanced Nuclear Spin Relaxation in H 2O@Open-C 60 and H 2@Open-C 60. Org Lett 2013; 15:4746-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ol402111x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Li
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States, Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States, and Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Xuegong Lei
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States, Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States, and Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Judy Y. C. Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States, Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States, and Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yasujiro Murata
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States, Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States, and Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Nicholas J. Turro
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States, Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States, and Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Ronald G. Lawler
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States, Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States, and Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
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17
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Rastrelli F, Frezzato D, Lawler RG, Li Y, Turro NJ, Bagno A. Predicting the paramagnet-enhanced NMR relaxation of H₂ encapsulated in endofullerene nitroxides by density-functional theory calculations. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2013; 371:20110634. [PMID: 23918714 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2011.0634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We have investigated the structure and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic properties of some dihydrogen endofullerene nitroxides by means of density-functional theory (DFT) calculations. Quantum versus classical roto-translational dynamics of H₂ have been characterized and compared. Geometrical parameters and hyperfine couplings calculated by DFT have been input to the Solomon-Bloembergen equations to predict the enhancement of the NMR longitudinal relaxation of H₂ due to coupling with the unpaired electron. Estimating the rotational correlation time via computed molecular volumes leads to a fair agreement with experiment for the simplest derivative; the estimate is considerably improved by recourse to the calculation of the diffusion tensor. For the other more flexible congeners, the agreement is less good, which may be due to an insufficient sampling of the conformational space. In all cases, relaxation by Fermi contact and Curie mechanisms is predicted to be negligible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Rastrelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Padova, via Marzolo, 35131 Padova, Italy
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18
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Kawakami H, Okada H, Matsuo Y. Efficient Diels–Alder Addition of Cyclopentadiene to Lithium Ion Encapsulated [60]Fullerene. Org Lett 2013; 15:4466-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ol4020046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Kawakami
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Okada
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yutaka Matsuo
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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19
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Knowles KE, Malicki M, Parameswaran R, Cass LC, Weiss EA. Spontaneous Multielectron Transfer from the Surfaces of PbS Quantum Dots to Tetracyanoquinodimethane. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:7264-71. [DOI: 10.1021/ja4003074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn E. Knowles
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Michał Malicki
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Radha Parameswaran
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Laura C. Cass
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Emily A. Weiss
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
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20
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Zoleo A, Lawler RG, Lei X, Li Y, Murata Y, Komatsu K, Di Valentin M, Ruzzi M, Turro NJ. ENDOR Evidence of Electron–H2 Interaction in a Fulleride Embedding H2. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:12881-4. [DOI: 10.1021/ja305704n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Zoleo
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Padova, via
Marzolo 1, I-35131 Padova,
Italy
| | - Ronald G. Lawler
- Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912-9108, United
States
| | - Xuegong Lei
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United
States
| | - Yongjun Li
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United
States
| | - Yasujiro Murata
- Institute for Chemical
Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto
611-0011, Japan
| | - Koichi Komatsu
- Department
of Environmental
and Biological Chemistry, Fukui University of Technology, Gakuen, Fukui 910-8505, Japan
| | - Marilena Di Valentin
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Padova, via
Marzolo 1, I-35131 Padova,
Italy
| | - Marco Ruzzi
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Padova, via
Marzolo 1, I-35131 Padova,
Italy
| | - Nicholas J. Turro
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United
States
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21
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Li Y, Lei X, Lawler RG, Murata Y, Komatsu K, Turro NJ. Synthesis, Isomer Count, and Nuclear Spin Relaxation of H2O@Open-C60 Nitroxide Derivatives. Org Lett 2012; 14:3822-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ol3013155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Li
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States, Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan, and Department of Environmental and Biological Chemistry, Fukui University of Technology, Gakuen, Fukui 910-8505, Japan
| | - Xuegong Lei
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States, Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan, and Department of Environmental and Biological Chemistry, Fukui University of Technology, Gakuen, Fukui 910-8505, Japan
| | - Ronald G. Lawler
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States, Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan, and Department of Environmental and Biological Chemistry, Fukui University of Technology, Gakuen, Fukui 910-8505, Japan
| | - Yasujiro Murata
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States, Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan, and Department of Environmental and Biological Chemistry, Fukui University of Technology, Gakuen, Fukui 910-8505, Japan
| | - Koichi Komatsu
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States, Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan, and Department of Environmental and Biological Chemistry, Fukui University of Technology, Gakuen, Fukui 910-8505, Japan
| | - Nicholas J. Turro
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States, Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan, and Department of Environmental and Biological Chemistry, Fukui University of Technology, Gakuen, Fukui 910-8505, Japan
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22
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Garbuio L, Antonello S, Guryanov I, Li Y, Ruzzi M, Turro NJ, Maran F. Effect of Orientation of the Peptide-Bridge Dipole Moment on the Properties of Fullerene–Peptide–Radical Systems. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:10628-37. [DOI: 10.1021/ja303696s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Garbuio
- Department of Chemistry, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova,
Italy
| | - Sabrina Antonello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova,
Italy
| | - Ivan Guryanov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova,
Italy
| | - Yongjun Li
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United
States
| | - Marco Ruzzi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova,
Italy
| | - Nicholas J. Turro
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United
States
| | - Flavio Maran
- Department of Chemistry, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova,
Italy
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Li Y, Chen JYC, Lei X, Lawler RG, Murata Y, Komatsu K, Turro NJ. Comparison of Nuclear Spin Relaxation of H2O@C60 and H2@C60 and Their Nitroxide Derivatives. J Phys Chem Lett 2012; 3:1165-1168. [PMID: 26288052 DOI: 10.1021/jz3002794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The successful synthesis of H2O@C60 makes possible the study of magnetic interactions of an isolated water molecule in a geometrically well-defined hydrophobic environment. Comparisons are made between the T1 values of H2O@C60 and the previously studied H2@C60 and their nitroxide derivatives. The value of T1 is approximately six times longer for H2O@C60 than for H2@C60 at room temperature, is independent of solvent viscosity or polarity, and increases monotonically with decreasing temperature, implying that T1 is dominated by the spin-rotation interaction. Paramagnetic nitroxides, either attached covalently to the C60 cage or added to the medium, produce strikingly similar T1 enhancements for H2O@C60 and H2@C60 that are consistent with through-space interaction between the internal nuclear spins and the external electron spin. This indicates that it should be possible to apply to the endo-H2O molecule the same methodologies for manipulating the ortho and para spin isomers that have proven successful for H2@C60.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Li
- †Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Judy Y-C Chen
- †Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Xuegong Lei
- †Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Ronald G Lawler
- ‡Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Yasujiro Murata
- §Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Koichi Komatsu
- ∥Department of Environmental and Biological Chemistry, Fukui University of Technology, Gakuen, Fukui 910-8505, Japan
| | - Nicholas J Turro
- †Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
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Li Y, Lei X, Li X, Lawler RG, Murata Y, Komatsu K, Turro NJ. Indirect 1H NMR characterization of H2@C60 nitroxide derivatives and their nuclear spin relaxation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:12527-9. [PMID: 22027815 DOI: 10.1039/c1cc15149e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
(1)H NMR of two H(2)@C(60) nitroxide derivatives has been characterized indirectly by reducing to their corresponding hydroxylamines. Nuclear spin relaxation of the endohedral H(2) and external protons of the H(2)@C(60) nitroxide and its corresponding hydroxylamine were measured and analyzed. The observed spectra are consistent with negligible scalar coupling between the unpaired electron and the endo-H(2). An unexpectedly large bimolecular relaxivity induced in the hydroxylamine by the corresponding nitroxide can be explained by rapid hydrogen atom transfer between the two species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Li
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
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Porel M, Jockusch S, Ottaviani MF, Turro NJ, Ramamurthy V. Interaction between encapsulated excited organic molecules and free nitroxides: communication across a molecular wall. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2011; 27:10548-10555. [PMID: 21749113 DOI: 10.1021/la202120u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Communication between two molecules, one confined and excited (triplet or singlet) and one free and paramagnetic, has been explored through quenching of fluorescence and/or phosphorescence by nitroxides as paramagnetic radical species. Quenching of excited states by nitroxides has been investigated in solution, and the mechanism is speculated to involve charge transfer and/or exchange processes, both of which require close orbital interaction between excited molecule and quencher. We show in this report that such a quenching, which involves electron-electron spin communication, can occur even when there is a molecular wall between the two. The excited state molecule is confined within an organic capsule made up of two molecules of a deep cavity cavitand, octa acid, that exists in the anionic form in basic aqueous solution. The nitroxide is kept free in aqueous solution. (1)H NMR and EPR experiments were carried out to ascertain the location of the two molecules. The distance between the excited molecule and the paramagnetic quencher was manipulated by the use of cationic, anionic, and neutral nitroxide and also by selectively including the cationic nitroxide within the cavity of cucurbituril. Results presented here highlight the role of the lifetime of the encounter complex in electron-electron spin communication when the direct orbital overlap between the two molecules is prevented by the intermediary wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mintu Porel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida 33124, USA
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Li Y, Lei X, Lawler RG, Murata Y, Komatsu K, Turro NJ. Synthesis and characterization of bispyrrolidine derivatives of H2@C60: differentiation of isomers using 1H NMR spectroscopy of endohedral H2. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:2282-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cc04862c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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