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Malik R, Saito S, Chandra A. Effect of counterions on the structure and dynamics of water near a negatively charged surfactant: a theoretical vibrational sum frequency generation study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:17065-17074. [PMID: 38841889 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp00537f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Charged aqueous interfaces are of paramount importance in electrochemical, biological and environmental sciences. The properties of aqueous interfaces with ionic surfactants can be influenced by the presence of counterions. Earlier experiments involving vibrational sum frequency generation (VSFG) spectroscopy of aqueous interfaces with negatively charged sodium dodecyl sulfate (Na+DS- or SDS) surfactants revealed that the hydrogen bonding strength of the interfacial water molecules follows a certain order when salts of monovalent and divalent cations are added. It is known that cations do not directly participate in hydrogen bonding with water molecules, rather they only influence the hydrogen bonded network through their electrostatic fields. In the current work, we have simulated the aqueous interfacial systems of sodium dodecyl sulfate in the presence of chloride salts of mono and divalent countercations. The electronic polarization effects on the ions are considered at a mean-field level within the electronic continuum correction model. Our calculations of the VSFG spectra show a blue shift in the presence of added countercations whose origin is traced to different relative contributions of water molecules from the solvation shells of the surfactant headgroups and the remaining water molecules in the presence of countercations. Furthermore, the cations shield the electric fields of the surfactant headgroups, which in turn influences the contributions of water molecules to the total VSFG spectrum. This shielding effect becomes more significant when divalent countercations are present. The dynamics of water molecules is found to be slower at the interface in comparison to the bulk. The interfacial depth dependence of various dynamical quantities shows that the interface is structurally and dynamically more heterogeneous at the microscopic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Malik
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208016, India.
- Department of Theoretical and Computational Molecular Science, Institute of Molecular Science, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Aichi, Japan
| | - Shinji Saito
- Department of Theoretical and Computational Molecular Science, Institute of Molecular Science, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Aichi, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208016, India.
| | - Amalendu Chandra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208016, India.
- Department of Theoretical and Computational Molecular Science, Institute of Molecular Science, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Aichi, Japan
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Malik R, Chandra A, Das B, Chandra A. Theoretical Study of the Two-Dimensional Vibrational Sum Frequency Generation Spectroscopy of the Air-Water Interface at Varying Temperature and Its Connections to the Interfacial Structure and Dynamics. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:10880-10895. [PMID: 38055625 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c03205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
We performed a theoretical study of the temperature variation of two-dimensional vibrational sum frequency generation (2D-VSFG) spectra of the OH stretch modes at air-water interfaces in the mid-IR region. The calculations are performed at four different temperatures from 250 to 325 K by using a combination of techniques involving response function formalism of nonlinear spectroscopy, electronic structure calculations, and molecular dynamics simulations. Also, the calculations are performed for isotopically dilute solutions so that the intra- and intermolecular coupling between the vibrational modes of interest can be ignored. We have established the connections of temperature variation of various frequency- and time-dependent features of the calculated spectra to the changes in the underlying structure and dynamics of the interfaces. The results reveal that interfacial water is dynamically more heterogeneous than bulk water, with three dominant dynamical processes exhibiting their corresponding time-dependent features in the 2D-VSFG spectrum. These are the spectral diffusion of hydrogen-bonded OH groups at the interface, conversion of an initially hydrogen-bonded OH group to a dangling OH which is a stable state for surface water, unlike the bulk water, and the third one, which involves the conversion of an initially free or dangling OH group to its hydrogen-bonded state at the interface. The temporal appearance of the cross peaks corresponding to interconversion of the hydrogen-bonded state to the dangling state or vice versa of an interfacial OH group is found to take place at a slower rate than the dynamics of spectral diffusion of hydrogen-bonded molecules at the interface, which, in turn, is slower than the corresponding spectral diffusion of bulk water molecules. The temperature variation of these dynamic processes can be linked to the decay of appropriate hydrogen-bond and non-hydrogen-bond time correlation functions of interfacial water molecules for the different air-water systems studied in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Malik
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - Abhilash Chandra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - Banshi Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - Amalendu Chandra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
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3
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Tang F, Ohto T, Sun S, Rouxel JR, Imoto S, Backus EHG, Mukamel S, Bonn M, Nagata Y. Molecular Structure and Modeling of Water-Air and Ice-Air Interfaces Monitored by Sum-Frequency Generation. Chem Rev 2020; 120:3633-3667. [PMID: 32141737 PMCID: PMC7181271 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
From a glass of water to glaciers in Antarctica, water-air and ice-air interfaces are abundant on Earth. Molecular-level structure and dynamics at these interfaces are key for understanding many chemical/physical/atmospheric processes including the slipperiness of ice surfaces, the surface tension of water, and evaporation/sublimation of water. Sum-frequency generation (SFG) spectroscopy is a powerful tool to probe the molecular-level structure of these interfaces because SFG can specifically probe the topmost interfacial water molecules separately from the bulk and is sensitive to molecular conformation. Nevertheless, experimental SFG has several limitations. For example, SFG cannot provide information on the depth of the interface and how the orientation of the molecules varies with distance from the surface. By combining the SFG spectroscopy with simulation techniques, one can directly compare the experimental data with the simulated SFG spectra, allowing us to unveil the molecular-level structure of water-air and ice-air interfaces. Here, we present an overview of the different simulation protocols available for SFG spectra calculations. We systematically compare the SFG spectra computed with different approaches, revealing the advantages and disadvantages of the different methods. Furthermore, we account for the findings through combined SFG experiments and simulations and provide future challenges for SFG experiments and simulations at different aqueous interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fujie Tang
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz 55128, Germany
- Department
of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Tatsuhiko Ohto
- Graduate
School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Shumei Sun
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz 55128, Germany
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jérémy R. Rouxel
- Department
of Chemistry and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Sho Imoto
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Ellen H. G. Backus
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz 55128, Germany
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Shaul Mukamel
- Department
of Chemistry and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Mischa Bonn
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Yuki Nagata
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz 55128, Germany
- Department
of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Key Laboratory
of Micro- and Nano-Photonic Structures (MOE), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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4
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Maurais J, Ayotte P. Tailoring electric field standing waves in reflection-absorption infrared spectroscopy to enhance absorbance from adsorbates on ice surfaces. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:074202. [PMID: 32087646 DOI: 10.1063/1.5141934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The spectroscopic detection of molecules adsorbed onto ice surfaces at coverages similar to those encountered under typical environmental conditions requires high surface selectivity and sensitivity that few techniques can afford. An experimental methodology allowing a significant enhancement in the absorbance from adsorbed molecules is demonstrated herein. It exploits Electric Field Standing Wave (EFSW) effects intrinsic to grazing incidence Reflection-Absorption Infrared (RAIR) spectroscopy, where film thickness dependent optical interferences occur between the multiple reflections of the IR beam at the film-vacuum and the substrate-film interfaces. In this case study, CH4 is used as a probe molecule and is deposited on a 20 ML coverage dense amorphous solid water film adsorbed onto solid Ar underlayers of various thicknesses. We observe that, at thicknesses where destructive interferences coincide with the absorption features from the CH stretching and HCH bending vibrational modes of methane, their intensity increases by a factor ranging from 10 to 25. Simulations of the RAIR spectra of the composite stratified films using a classical optics model reproduce the Ar underlayer coverage dependent enhancements of the absorbance features from CH4 adsorbed onto the ice surface. They also reveal that the enhancements occur when the square modulus of the total electric field at the film's surface reaches its minimum value. Exploiting the EFSW effect allows the limit of detection to be reduced to a coverage of (0.2 ± 0.2) ML CH4, which opens up interesting perspectives for spectroscopic studies of heterogeneous atmospheric chemistry at coverages that are more representative of those found in the natural environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josée Maurais
- Département de Chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boulevard de l'Université, Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Patrick Ayotte
- Département de Chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boulevard de l'Université, Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 2R1, Canada
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5
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Harada K, Sugimoto T, Kato F, Watanabe K, Matsumoto Y. Thickness dependent homogeneous crystallization of ultrathin amorphous solid water films. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:1963-1973. [PMID: 31939467 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp05981d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The crystallization mechanism and kinetics of amorphous materials are of paramount importance not only in basic science but also in the application field because they are closely related to their thermal stability. In the case of amorphous nanomaterials, thermal stability distinctively different from that of bulk materials often emerges. Despite intensive studies in the past, a thorough understanding of the stability at the molecular level has not been reached particularly on how crystallization processes depend on size and are influenced by their surface and interface. In this article, we report the film-size-dependent crystallization of thermally relaxed nonporous ASW ultrathin films on a Pt(111) surface as a benchmark system of amorphous molecular films. The crystallization processes at the surface and interior of the ASW ultrathin films are monitored simultaneously with thermal desorption and infrared reflection absorption, respectively, as a function of the film thickness. Here, we demonstrate that the crystallization is initiated solely by "homogeneous nucleation" irrespective of the film thickness while the crystallization rate remarkably depends on the thickness; the rate of 5-layer (∼1.5 nm) ASW films is one order of magnitude higher than that of 20-layer (∼6 nm) films. Moreover, we found a clear correlation between the film-thickness-dependent crystallization kinetics and microscopic structural disorder associated with the broad distribution of hydrogen-bond lengths between water molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuniaki Harada
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Toshiki Sugimoto
- Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan. and Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Kato
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan and Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan.
| | - Kazuya Watanabe
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Yoshiyasu Matsumoto
- Toyota Physical and Chemical Research Institute, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1192, Japan
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6
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Nojima Y, Shioya Y, Torii H, Yamaguchi S. Hydrogen order at the surface of ice Ih revealed by vibrational spectroscopy. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:4563-4566. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc00865f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A combination of heterodyne-detected sum frequency generation spectroscopy and theoretical modeling elucidates that the surface of ice Ih at 100 K has hydrogen order with the OH group pointing upward to the air (“H-up” orientation).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Nojima
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering
- Saitama University
- Sakura-ku
- Japan
| | - Yuki Shioya
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering
- Saitama University
- Sakura-ku
- Japan
| | - Hajime Torii
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemical Engineering
- Faculty of Engineering, and Department of Optoelectronics and Nanostructure Science
- Graduate School of Science and Technology
- Shizuoka University
- Naka-ku
| | - Shoichi Yamaguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering
- Saitama University
- Sakura-ku
- Japan
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7
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Yamaguchi S, Suzuki Y, Nojima Y, Otosu T. Perspective on sum frequency generation spectroscopy of ice surfaces and interfaces. Chem Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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8
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Otsuki Y, Watanabe K, Sugimoto T, Matsumoto Y. Enhanced structural disorder at a nanocrystalline ice surface. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:20442-20453. [PMID: 31502600 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp07269h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Enhanced structural disorder at the surface of nanocrystalline ice is studied by heterodyne-detected sum-frequency generation spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Otsuki
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 606-8502
- Japan
| | - Kazuya Watanabe
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 606-8502
- Japan
| | - Toshiki Sugimoto
- Department of Materials Molecular Science
- Institute for Molecular Science
- Aichi 444-8585
- Japan
- Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO)
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9
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Abstract
Electrostatic polarization or molecular undercoordination endows the supersolidity by shortening and stiffening the H–O bond and lengthening and softening the O:H nonbond, deepening the O 1s energy level, and prolonging the photoelectron and phonon lifetime. The supersolid phase is less dense, viscoelastic, mechanically and thermally more stable, which offsets boundaries of structural phases and critical temperatures for phase transition of the coordination-resolved core–shell structured ice such as the ‘no man's land’ supercooling and superheating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Q. Sun
- EBEAM
- Yangtze Normal University
- Chongqing 408100
- China
- NOVITUS
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10
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Nojima Y, Suzuki Y, Takahashi M, Yamaguchi S. Proton Order toward the Surface of Ice I h Revealed by Heterodyne-Detected Sum Frequency Generation Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem Lett 2017; 8:5031-5034. [PMID: 28968104 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b02198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Using heterodyne-detected sum frequency generation (HD-SFG) spectroscopy, we investigated surface proton order at the basal, primary prism, and secondary prism faces of single-crystalline ice Ih at ca. 130 K. The complex phase of the obtained spectra clearly indicates that second-order nonlinear polarization from which the HD-SFG signal arises is generated exclusively at the surfaces. This suggests surface proton ordering along the normal, whereas the bulk remains proton-disordered, as is well known for ice Ih. A strong positive peak observed in the HD-SFG spectra enables us to determine the "direction" of the surface proton order as "H-up", that is, the hydrogen atom of the OH group pointing away from the bulk, irrespective of the ice faces. Reliable HD-SFG measurements carried out in the present study have greatly advanced our understanding of surface structure of ice Ih.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Nojima
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University , 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Yudai Suzuki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University , 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Misato Takahashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University , 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Shoichi Yamaguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University , 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
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11
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Smit WJ, Tang F, Sánchez MA, Backus EHG, Xu L, Hasegawa T, Bonn M, Bakker HJ, Nagata Y. Excess Hydrogen Bond at the Ice-Vapor Interface around 200 K. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 119:133003. [PMID: 29341676 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.133003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Phase-resolved sum-frequency generation measurements combined with molecular dynamics simulations are employed to study the effect of temperature on the molecular arrangement of water on the basal face of ice. The topmost monolayer, interrogated through its nonhydrogen-bonded, free O-H stretch peak, exhibits a maximum in surface H-bond density around 200 K. This maximum results from two competing effects: above 200 K, thermal fluctuations cause the breaking of H bonds; below 200 K, the formation of bulklike crystalline interfacial structures leads to H-bond breaking. Knowledge of the surface structure of ice is critical for understanding reactions occurring on ice surfaces and ice nucleation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilbert J Smit
- AMOLF, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Fujie Tang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, Peking University, 5 Yiheyuan Road, Haidian, Beijing 100871, China
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - M Alejandra Sánchez
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Ellen H G Backus
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Limei Xu
- International Center for Quantum Materials, Peking University, 5 Yiheyuan Road, Haidian, Beijing 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Taisuke Hasegawa
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyoku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Mischa Bonn
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Huib J Bakker
- AMOLF, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yuki Nagata
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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12
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Smit W, Tang F, Nagata Y, Sánchez MA, Hasegawa T, Backus EHG, Bonn M, Bakker HJ. Observation and Identification of a New OH Stretch Vibrational Band at the Surface of Ice. J Phys Chem Lett 2017; 8:3656-3660. [PMID: 28715224 PMCID: PMC5545757 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b01295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We study the signatures of the OH stretch vibrations at the basal surface of ice using heterodyne-detected sum-frequency generation and molecular dynamics simulations. At 150 K, we observe seven distinct modes in the sum-frequency response, five of which have an analogue in the bulk, and two pure surface-specific modes at higher frequencies (∼3530 and ∼3700 cm-1). The band at ∼3530 cm-1 has not been reported previously. Using molecular dynamics simulations, we find that the ∼3530 cm-1 band contains contributions from OH stretch vibrations of both fully coordinated interfacial water molecules and water molecules with two donor and one acceptor hydrogen bond.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fujie Tang
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- International
Center for Quantum Materials, Peking University, 5 Yiheyuan Road, Haidian, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yuki Nagata
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - M. Alejandra Sánchez
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Taisuke Hasegawa
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyoku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Ellen H. G. Backus
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Mischa Bonn
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Huib J. Bakker
- AMOLF, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- E-mail:
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13
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Abstract
Ice is a fundamental solid with important environmental, biological, geological, and extraterrestrial impact. The stable form of ice at atmospheric pressure is hexagonal ice, Ih. Despite its prevalence, Ih remains an enigmatic solid, in part due to challenges in preparing samples for fundamental studies. Surfaces of ice present even greater challenges. Recently developed methods for preparation of large single-crystal samples make it possible to reproducibly prepare any chosen face to address numerous fundamental questions. This review describes preparation methods along with results that firmly establish the connection between the macroscopic structure (observed in snowflakes, microcrystallites, or etch pits) and the molecular-level configuration (detected with X-ray or electron scattering techniques). Selected results of probing interactions at the ice surface, including growth from the melt, surface vibrations, and characterization of the quasi-liquid layer, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Jane Shultz
- Laboratory for Water and Surface Studies, Department of Chemistry, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155
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14
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Lovering KA, Bertram AK, Chou KC. Transient Phase of Ice Observed by Sum Frequency Generation at the Water/Mineral Interface During Freezing. J Phys Chem Lett 2017; 8:871-875. [PMID: 28151687 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b02920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We observed a transient noncentrosymmetric phase of ice at water/mineral interfaces during freezing, which enhanced the intensity of the IR-visible sum frequency generation intensity by up to 20-fold. The lifetime of the transient phase was several minutes. Since the most stable form of ice, hexagonal and cubic ice, are centrosymmetric, our study suggests the transient existence of stacking-disordered ice during the freezing process at water/mineral interfaces. Stacking-disordered ice, which has only been observed in bulk ice at temperatures lower than -20 °C, is a random mixture of layers of hexagonal ice and cubic ice. However, the transient phase at the ice/mineral interface was observed at temperatures as high as -1 °C. It suggests that the mineral surface may play a role in promoting and stabilizing the formation of stacking-disordered ice at the interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlin A Lovering
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Allan K Bertram
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Keng C Chou
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
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15
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Experimental and theoretical evidence for bilayer-by-bilayer surface melting of crystalline ice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 114:227-232. [PMID: 27956637 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1612893114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
On the surface of water ice, a quasi-liquid layer (QLL) has been extensively reported at temperatures below its bulk melting point at 273 K. Approaching the bulk melting temperature from below, the thickness of the QLL is known to increase. To elucidate the precise temperature variation of the QLL, and its nature, we investigate the surface melting of hexagonal ice by combining noncontact, surface-specific vibrational sum frequency generation (SFG) spectroscopy and spectra calculated from molecular dynamics simulations. Using SFG, we probe the outermost water layers of distinct single crystalline ice faces at different temperatures. For the basal face, a stepwise, sudden weakening of the hydrogen-bonded structure of the outermost water layers occurs at 257 K. The spectral calculations from the molecular dynamics simulations reproduce the experimental findings; this allows us to interpret our experimental findings in terms of a stepwise change from one to two molten bilayers at the transition temperature.
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16
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Engel EA, Monserrat B, Needs RJ. Vibrational effects on surface energies and band gaps in hexagonal and cubic ice. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:044703. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4959283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Edgar A. Engel
- TCM Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Bartomeu Monserrat
- TCM Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854-8019, USA
| | - Richard J. Needs
- TCM Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
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18
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Wan Q, Galli G. First-Principles Framework to Compute Sum-Frequency Generation Vibrational Spectra of Semiconductors and Insulators. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2015; 115:246404. [PMID: 26705645 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.115.246404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
We present a first-principles framework to compute sum-frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectra of semiconductors and insulators. The method is based on density functional theory and the use of maximally localized Wannier functions to compute the response to electric fields, and it includes the effect of electric field gradients at surfaces. In addition, it includes quadrupole contributions to SFG spectra, thus enabling the verification of the dipole approximation, whose validity determines the surface specificity of SFG spectroscopy. We compute the SFG spectra of ice I_{h} basal surfaces and identify which spectra components are affected by bulk contributions. Our results are in good agreement with experiments at low temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Wan
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Giulia Galli
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
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Nagata Y, Hasegawa T, Backus EHG, Usui K, Yoshimune S, Ohto T, Bonn M. The surface roughness, but not the water molecular orientation varies with temperature at the water-air interface. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:23559-64. [PMID: 26299523 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp04022a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We examine the temperature dependence of the interfacial molecular structure at the water-air interface by combining experimental and simulated sum-frequency generation (SFG) spectroscopy. The experimental SFG spectra of the OH-stretching mode show a decrease in the amplitude at ∼3300 cm(-1) with increasing temperature, while the 3700 cm(-1) 'free OH' SFG feature is insensitive to temperature changes. The simulated spectra are in excellent agreement with experiment. A comparison between interfacial SFG spectra and bulk infrared/Raman spectra reveals that the variation of the SFG signal due to the temperature change is not caused by a temperature-dependent OH bond orientation of the interfacial water molecules, but can be fully accounted for by the temperature dependence of the optical response of water. These results indicate that while the thickness of the interfacial region varies with temperature, the molecular organization of interfacial water at the water-air interface is surprisingly insensitive to temperature changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Nagata
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany.
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20
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Ohto T, Usui K, Hasegawa T, Bonn M, Nagata Y. Toward ab initio molecular dynamics modeling for sum-frequency generation spectra; an efficient algorithm based on surface-specific velocity-velocity correlation function. J Chem Phys 2015; 143:124702. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4931106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuhiko Ohto
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Kota Usui
- Max-Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Taisuke Hasegawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyoku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Mischa Bonn
- Max-Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Yuki Nagata
- Max-Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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21
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Shultz MJ, Bisson P, Vu TH. Insights into hydrogen bonding via ice interfaces and isolated water. J Chem Phys 2015; 141:18C521. [PMID: 25399186 DOI: 10.1063/1.4896603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Water in a confined environment has a combination of fewer available configurations and restricted mobility. Both affect the spectroscopic signature. In this work, the spectroscopic signature of water in confined environments is discussed in the context of competing models for condensed water: (1) as a system of intramolecular coupled molecules or (2) as a network with intermolecular dipole-dipole coupled O-H stretches. Two distinct environments are used: the confined asymmetric environment at the ice surface and the near-isolated environment of water in an infrared transparent matrix. Both the spectroscopy and the environment are described followed by a perspective discussion of implications for the two competing models. Despite being a small molecule, water is relatively complex; perhaps not surprisingly the results support a model that blends inter- and intramolecular coupling. The frequency, and therefore the hydrogen-bond strength, appears to be a function of donor-acceptor interaction and of longer-range dipole-dipole alignment in the hydrogen-bonded network. The O-H dipole direction depends on the local environment and reflects intramolecular O-H stretch coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Jane Shultz
- Laboratory for Water and Surface Studies, Chemistry Department, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
| | - Patrick Bisson
- Laboratory for Water and Surface Studies, Chemistry Department, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
| | - Tuan Hoang Vu
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109, USA
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22
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Bonn M, Nagata Y, Backus EHG. Untersuchung der Struktur und Dynamik von Wasser an der Wasser-Luft-Grenzfläche mittels oberflächenspezifischer Schwingungsspektroskopie. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201411188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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23
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Bonn M, Nagata Y, Backus EHG. Molecular Structure and Dynamics of Water at the Water-Air Interface Studied with Surface-Specific Vibrational Spectroscopy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:5560-76. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201411188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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24
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25
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Ishiyama T, Morita A. A direct evidence of vibrationally delocalized response at ice surface. J Chem Phys 2014; 141:18C503. [PMID: 25399168 DOI: 10.1063/1.4895547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Surface-specific vibrational spectroscopic responses at isotope diluted ice and amorphous ice are investigated by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations combined with quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics calculations. The intense response specific to the ordinary crystal ice surface is predicted to be significantly suppressed in the isotopically diluted and amorphous ices, demonstrating the vibrational delocalization at the ordinary ice surface. The collective vibration at the ice surface is also analyzed with varying temperature by the MD simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Ishiyama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Akihiro Morita
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
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26
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Zhang X, Huang Y, Ma Z, Zhou Y, Zheng W, Zhou J, Sun CQ. A common supersolid skin covering both water and ice. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:22987-94. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp02516d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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27
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Ishiyama T, Imamura T, Morita A. Theoretical Studies of Structures and Vibrational Sum Frequency Generation Spectra at Aqueous Interfaces. Chem Rev 2014; 114:8447-70. [DOI: 10.1021/cr4004133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Ishiyama
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Takako Imamura
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Akihiro Morita
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
- Elements
Strategy Initiative for Catalysts and Batteries, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8520, Japan
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28
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29
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Huang Y, Zhang X, Ma Z, Li W, Zhou Y, Zhou J, Zheng W, Sun CQ. Size, separation, structural order, and mass density of molecules packing in water and ice. Sci Rep 2013; 3:3005. [PMID: 24141643 PMCID: PMC3801132 DOI: 10.1038/srep03005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The structural symmetry and molecular separation in water and ice remain uncertain. We present herewith a solution to unifying the density, the structure order and symmetry, the size (H-O length dH), and the separation (d(OO) = d(L) + d(H) or the O:H length d(L)) of molecules packing in water and ice in terms of statistic mean. This solution reconciles: i) the d(L) and the d(H) symmetrization of the O:H-O bond in compressed ice, ii) the d(OO) relaxation of cooling water and ice and, iii) the d(OO) expansion of a dimer and between molecules at water surface. With any one of the d(OO), the density ρ(g·cm⁻³), the d(L), and the d(H), as a known input, one can resolve the rest quantities using this solution that is probing conditions or methods independent. We clarified that: i) liquid water prefers statistically the mono-phase of tetrahedrally-coordinated structure with fluctuation, ii) the low-density phase (supersolid phase as it is strongly polarized with even lower density) exists only in regions consisting molecules with fewer than four neighbors and, iii) repulsion between electron pairs on adjacent oxygen atoms dictates the cooperative relaxation of the segmented O:H-O bond, which is responsible for the performance of water and ice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongli Huang
- Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Materials and Application Technologies (Ministry of Education) and Faculty of Materials, Optoelectronics and Physics, Xiangtan University, Hunan 411105, China
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Xi Zhang
- NOVITAS, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798
- Center for Coordination Bond and Electronic Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Zengsheng Ma
- Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Materials and Application Technologies (Ministry of Education) and Faculty of Materials, Optoelectronics and Physics, Xiangtan University, Hunan 411105, China
| | - Wen Li
- Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Materials and Application Technologies (Ministry of Education) and Faculty of Materials, Optoelectronics and Physics, Xiangtan University, Hunan 411105, China
| | - Yichun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Materials and Application Technologies (Ministry of Education) and Faculty of Materials, Optoelectronics and Physics, Xiangtan University, Hunan 411105, China
| | - Ji Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Weitao Zheng
- School of Materials Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Chang Q. Sun
- Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Materials and Application Technologies (Ministry of Education) and Faculty of Materials, Optoelectronics and Physics, Xiangtan University, Hunan 411105, China
- NOVITAS, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798
- Center for Coordination Bond and Electronic Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- School of Materials Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
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30
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Sun CQ, Zhang X, Zhou J, Huang Y, Zhou Y, Zheng W. Density, Elasticity, and Stability Anomalies of Water Molecules with Fewer than Four Neighbors. J Phys Chem Lett 2013; 4:2565-2570. [PMID: 26704426 DOI: 10.1021/jz401029z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Goldschmidt-Pauling contraction of the H-O polar-covalent bond elongates and polarizes the other noncovalent part of the hydrogen bond (O:H-O), that is, the O:H van der Waals bond, significantly, through the Coulomb repulsion between the electron pairs of adjacent oxygen (O-O). This process enlarges and stiffens those H2O molecules having fewer than four neighbors such as molecular clusters, hydration shells, and the surface skins of water and ice. The shortening of the H-O bond raises the local density of bonding electrons, which in turn polarizes the lone pairs of electrons on oxygen. The stiffening of the shortened H-O bond increases the magnitude of the O1s binding energy shift, causes the blue shift of the H-O phonon frequencies, and elevates the melting point of molecular clusters and ultrathin films of water, which gives rise to their elastic, hydrophobic, highly-polarized, ice-like, and low-density behavior at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Q Sun
- Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Materials and Application Technologies and Faculty of Materials and Optoelectronics and Physics, Xiangtan University , Hunan 411105, China
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 639798
| | - Xi Zhang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 639798
- Center for Coordination Bond and Electronic Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, China Jiliang University , Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Ji Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yongli Huang
- Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Materials and Application Technologies and Faculty of Materials and Optoelectronics and Physics, Xiangtan University , Hunan 411105, China
| | - Yichun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Materials and Application Technologies and Faculty of Materials and Optoelectronics and Physics, Xiangtan University , Hunan 411105, China
| | - Weitao Zheng
- School of Materials Science, Jilin University , Changchun 130012, China
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31
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Bisson PJ, Shultz MJ. Hydrogen bonding in the prism face of ice I(h) via sum frequency vibrational spectroscopy. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:6116-25. [PMID: 23451801 DOI: 10.1021/jp400129f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The prism face of single crystal ice I(h) has been studied using sum frequency vibrational spectroscopy focusing on identification of resonances in the hydrogen-bonded region. Several modes have been observed at about 3400 cm(-1); each mode is both polarization and orientation dependent. The polarization capabilities of sum frequency generation (SFG) are used in conjunction with the crystal orientation to characterize three vibrational modes. These modes are assigned to three-coordinated water molecules in the top-half bilayer having different bonding and orientation motifs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J Bisson
- Laboratory for Water and Surface Studies, Department of Chemistry, Pearson Laboratory, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
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32
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Anim-Danso E, Zhang Y, Alizadeh A, Dhinojwala A. Freezing of Water Next to Solid Surfaces Probed by Infrared–Visible Sum Frequency Generation Spectroscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:2734-40. [DOI: 10.1021/ja311648q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Anim-Danso
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909, United
States
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909, United
States
| | - Azar Alizadeh
- GE Global Research, Niskayuna, New York 12309, United States
| | - Ali Dhinojwala
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909, United
States
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33
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Liu H, Wang Y, Bowman JM. Quantum Calculations of Intramolecular IR Spectra of Ice Models Using Ab Initio Potential and Dipole Moment Surfaces. J Phys Chem Lett 2012; 3:3671-3676. [PMID: 26291094 DOI: 10.1021/jz3016777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report the IR spectra of two forms of ice in the monomer bend and OH-stretching regions, using recently developed ab initio potential and dipole moment surfaces for arbitrarily many water monomers. Coupling and anharmonicity of the intramolecular vibrational modes are taken into account using coupled three-mode variational calculations, within the local-monomer model. Spectra for the surface and core regions of these ice models are presented. The calculated spectra for the core region, with no adjustments, are in good agreement with experiment for the intramolecular OH-stretch and bend regions. Our analysis also shows a significant contribution from the overtone of the monomer bend to the OH-stretch region of the spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanchao Liu
- Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation and Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Yimin Wang
- Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation and Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Joel M Bowman
- Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation and Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
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