1
|
Hauschildt SJ, Wu Z, Uersfeld D, Schmid P, Götz C, Engel V, Engels B, Müllen K, Basché T. Excitation localization in a trimeric perylenediimide macrocycle: Synthesis, theory, and single molecule spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:044304. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0077676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Simon J. Hauschildt
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Zehua Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Daniel Uersfeld
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Paul Schmid
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christian Götz
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Volker Engel
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Bernd Engels
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Basché
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Soleimaninejad H, Ghiggino KP, Smith TA, Paige MF. Fluorescence anisotropy imaging of a polydiacetylene photopolymer film. CAN J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2018-0360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
UV-illumination of phase-separated surfactant films prepared from mixtures of photopolymerizable 10,12-pentacosadiynoic acid and perfluorotetradecanoic acid results in the formation of fluorescent polydiacetylene fibers and aggregates. In this work, the orientation of polymer strands that comprise the resulting photopolymer structures has been probed using fluorescence anisotropy imaging in combination with defocused single-molecule fluorescence imaging. Imaging experiments indicate the presence of significant fiber-to-fiber heterogeneity, as well as anisotropy within each fiber (or aggregate), with both of these properties changing as a function of film preparation conditions. This anisotropy can be attributed to various alignments of the constituent polymer strands that comprise the larger fibers and aggregates. Intriguingly, when using defocused imaging, fiber images consisted of a series of discrete “doughnut” fluorescence emission patterns, which exhibited intermittent on–off blinking behavior; both of these properties are characteristic of individual emission transition dipoles (single molecules). Further, all of the individual emission transition dipoles had a uniform orientation with respect to the axis of the fiber, indicating a common orientation of discrete emitters in the larger polymer fiber. The implications of these results for future studies of the electronic properties of conjugated polymers in larger macroscopic systems are noted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Soleimaninejad
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Kenneth P. Ghiggino
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Trevor A. Smith
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Matthew F. Paige
- Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C9, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ham S, Chung H, Kim TW, Kim J, Kim D. Composition-dependent emission linewidth broadening in lead bromide perovskite (APbBr 3, A = Cs and CH 3NH 3) nanoparticles. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:2207-2212. [PMID: 29334099 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr07330e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Lead halide perovskite nanoparticles (NPs) are attractive as they exhibit excellent color purity and have a tunable band gap, and can thus be applied in highly efficient photovoltaic and light-emitting diodes. Fundamental studies of emission linewidth broadening due to spectral shifts in perovskite NPs may suggest a way to improve their color purity. However, the carrier-induced Stark shift that causes spectral diffusion still requires investigation. In this study, we explore composition-related emission linewidth broadening by comparing CsPbBr3 and CH3NH3PbBr3 (MAPbBr3) perovskite NPs. We find that the MAPbBr3 NPs are more sensitive to fluctuations in the local electric fields than the CsPbBr3 NPs due to an intrinsic difference in the dipole moment between the two A cations (Cs and MA), which shows a carrier-induced Stark shift. The results indicate that the compositions of perovskite NPs are closely associated with emission linewidth broadening and they also provide insights into the development of NP-based devices with high color purity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sujin Ham
- Spectroscopy Laboratory for Functional π-Electronic Systems and Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Photo- and redoxfunctional cyclophanes, macrocycles, and catenanes based on aromatic bisimides. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
5
|
Zhang B, Trinh MT, Fowler B, Ball M, Xu Q, Ng F, Steigerwald ML, Zhu XY, Nuckolls C, Zhong Y. Rigid, Conjugated Macrocycles for High Performance Organic Photodetectors. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:16426-16431. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b10276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Boyuan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - M. Tuan Trinh
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Brandon Fowler
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Melissa Ball
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Qizhi Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Fay Ng
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | | | - X.-Y. Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Colin Nuckolls
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Yu Zhong
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lee SH, Yang J, Kim D. Structure-Dependent Electronic Interactions in Ethyne-Bridged Porphyrin Arrays Investigated by Single-Molecule Fluorescence Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem Lett 2016; 7:3676-3682. [PMID: 27575018 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b01531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
By using single-molecule fluorescence spectroscopy, we have investigated the electronic interaction of ethyne-bridged porphyrin arrays (ZNE) depending on their structure. The fluorescence dynamics of ZNE show a large amount of one-step photobleaching behaviors, indicating the high degree of π-conjugation. The ratio of one-step photobleaching behavior decreased as the number of porphyrin units increased. This behavior indicates that the linear and shortest Z2E shows a strong electronic coupling between constituent porphyrin moieties. Structural properties and orientation of ZNE were also measured by wide-field excitation fluorescence spectroscopy (ExPFS) and defocused wide-field imaging (DWFI). The ExPFS and DWFI show that the structure of absorbing and emitting units of Z2E and Z3E are linear. On the other hand, star-shaped pentamer with five porphyrins acts as an absorbing unit, but unidirectional trimer moiety acts as an emitting unit in the Z5E molecule. Collectively, these studies provide further information on the electronic interaction depending on their structure and length.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hyeon Lee
- Spectroscopy Laboratory for Functional π-electronic Systems and Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University , Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Jaesung Yang
- Spectroscopy Laboratory for Functional π-electronic Systems and Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University , Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Dongho Kim
- Spectroscopy Laboratory for Functional π-electronic Systems and Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University , Seoul 120-749, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ham S, Lee SH, Chung H, Kim D. Structure-property relationships in two-dimensionally extended benzoporphyrin molecules probed using single-molecule fluorescence spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:7521-6. [PMID: 26903155 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp07527k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The photophysical properties of a series of highly π-conjugated benzoporphyrin molecules (s) with different shapes were investigated in the condensed phase using single-molecule fluorescence spectroscopy. The fluorescence properties of single s were found to be affected by the number of porphyrin units and their molecular shapes. Notably, the single-molecule fluorescence dynamics of the s revealed an increase in the fluorescence lifetimes and blue shifts of the fluorescence spectra indicative of decreasing π-conjugation pathways in the molecules. The distributions of the spectroscopic parameters and the photostability for the molecules also suggest conformational complexities and heterogeneities. Specifically, as the number of constituent porphyrin units increased, the one-step photobleaching behavior ratio and photostability decreased, and the spectroscopic parameter distributions broadened. The structural properties of the s were also directly determined using defocused wide-field imaging and linear dichroism analyses. In particular, molecules with the same number of constituent porphyrins but different molecular shapes exhibited distinct photophysical properties. In summary, these observations provide guidance for the design of molecular systems that can enhance the performance of molecular electronic devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sujin Ham
- Spectroscopy Laboratory for Functional π-Electronic Systems and Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea.
| | - Sang Hyeon Lee
- Spectroscopy Laboratory for Functional π-Electronic Systems and Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea.
| | - Heejae Chung
- Spectroscopy Laboratory for Functional π-Electronic Systems and Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea.
| | - Dongho Kim
- Spectroscopy Laboratory for Functional π-Electronic Systems and Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ham S, Lee JE, Song S, Peng X, Hori T, Aratani N, Osuka A, Sim E, Kim D. Direct observation of structural properties and fluorescent trapping sites in macrocyclic porphyrin arrays at the single-molecule level. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:3871-7. [PMID: 26765482 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp06859b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
By utilizing single-molecule defocused wide-field fluorescence microscopy, we have investigated the molecular structural properties such as transition dipole moment orientations and the angular relationship among chromophores, as well as structural distortions and flexibilities depending on the ring size, in a series of cyclic porphyrin arrays bearing close likeness in overall architectures to the LH2 complexes in purple bacterial photosynthetic systems. Furthermore, comparing the experimental results with molecular dynamics simulations, we ascertained site selection for fluorescent trapping sites. Collectively, these experimental and computational results provide the basis for structure-property relationships and energy hopping/emitting processes in an important class of artificial light-harvesting molecular systems widely used in molecular electronics technology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sujin Ham
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 50, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-749, Korea.
| | - Ji-Eun Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 50, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-749, Korea.
| | - Suhwan Song
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 50, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-749, Korea.
| | - Xiaobin Peng
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan.
| | - Takaaki Hori
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan.
| | - Naoki Aratani
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan.
| | - Atsuhiro Osuka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan.
| | - Eunji Sim
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 50, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-749, Korea.
| | - Dongho Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 50, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-749, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Würthner F, Saha-Möller CR, Fimmel B, Ogi S, Leowanawat P, Schmidt D. Perylene Bisimide Dye Assemblies as Archetype Functional Supramolecular Materials. Chem Rev 2015; 116:962-1052. [PMID: 26270260 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 958] [Impact Index Per Article: 106.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frank Würthner
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Chantu R Saha-Möller
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Benjamin Fimmel
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Soichiro Ogi
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Pawaret Leowanawat
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - David Schmidt
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yang J, Ham S, Kim TW, Park KH, Nakao K, Shimizu H, Iyoda M, Kim D. Inhomogeneity in the excited-state torsional disorder of a conjugated macrocycle. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:4116-26. [PMID: 25700008 DOI: 10.1021/jp5123689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The photophysics of conjugated polymers has generally been explained based on the interactions between the component conjugated chromophores in a tangled chain. However, conjugated chromophores are entities with static and dynamic structural disorder, which directly affects the conjugated polymer photophysics. Here we demonstrate the impact of chain structure torsional disorder on the spectral characteristics for a macrocyclic oligothiophene 1, which is obscured in conventional linear conjugated chromophores by diverse structural disorders such as those in chromophore size and shape. We used simultaneous multiple fluorescence parameter measurement for a single molecule and quantum-mechanical calculations to show that within the fixed conjugation length across the entire ring an inhomogeneity from torsional disorder in the structure of 1 plays a crucial role in causing its energetic disorder, which affords the spectral broadening of ∼220 meV. The torsional disorder in 1 fluctuated on the time scale of hundreds of milliseconds, typically accompanied by spectral drifts on the order of ∼10 meV. The fluctuations could generate torsional defects and change the electronic structure of 1 associated with the ring symmetry. These findings disclose the fundamental nature of conjugated chromophore that is the most elementary spectroscopic unit in conjugated polymers and suggest the importance of engineering structural disorder to optimize polymer-based device photophysics. Additionally, we combined defocused wide-field fluorescence microscopy and linear dichroism obtained from the simultaneous measurements to show that 1 emits polarized light with a changing polarization direction based on the torsional disorder fluctuations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaesung Yang
- Spectroscopy Laboratory for Functional π-Electronic Systems and Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University , Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Backer AS, Moerner WE. Determining the rotational mobility of a single molecule from a single image: a numerical study. OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 23:4255-76. [PMID: 25836463 PMCID: PMC4394761 DOI: 10.1364/oe.23.004255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Revised: 01/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Measurements of the orientational freedom with which a single molecule may rotate or 'wobble' about a fixed axis have provided researchers invaluable clues about the underlying behavior of a variety of biological systems. In this paper, we propose a measurement and data analysis procedure based on a widefield fluorescence microscope image for quantitatively distinguishing individual molecules that exhibit varying degrees of rotational mobility. Our proposed technique is especially applicable to cases in which the molecule undergoes rotational motions on a timescale much faster than the framerate of the camera used to record fluorescence images. Unlike currently available methods, sophisticated hardware for modulating the polarization of light illuminating the sample is not required. Additional polarization optics may be inserted in the microscope's imaging pathway to achieve superior measurement precision, but are not essential. We present a theoretical analysis, and benchmark our technique with numerical simulations using typical experimental parameters for single-molecule imaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam S. Backer
- Institute for Computational and Mathematical Engineering, Stanford University, 475 Via Ortega, Stanford, CA 94305,
USA
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, 333 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305,
USA
| | - W. E. Moerner
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, 333 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305,
USA
| |
Collapse
|