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Shi Y, Liu Y, Sun Y, Zhong M, Rashid A, Qayum A, Liang Q, Rehman A, Ma H, Ren X. Interfacial multilayer self-assembly of protein and polysaccharides: Ultrasonic regulation, stability and application in delivery lutein. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 272:132880. [PMID: 38838893 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
In this study, the layer-by-layer adsorption behavior of sodium caseinate, pectin, and chitosan on the oil-water interface was illustrated using multi-frequency ultrasound. We investigated the impact of ultrasound on various factors, such as particle size, zeta potential, and interfacial protein/polysaccharide concentration. It was observed that ultrasound has significantly decreased droplet size and increased the surface area at the interface, hence promoting the adsorption of protein/polysaccharide. In the sonicated multilayer emulsion, the concentrations of interface proteins, pectin, and chitosan increased to 84.82 %, 90.49 %, and 83.31 %, respectively. The findings of the study indicated that the application of ultrasonic treatment had a significant impact on the emulsion's surface charge and the prevention of droplet aggregation. As a result, the stability of the emulsion system, including its resistance to salt, temperature, and storage conditions, has been significantly improved. Moreover, the emulsion showed an increase in the retention rate of lutein by 21.88 % after a high-temperature water bath and by 19.35 % after UV irradiation. Certainly, the multilayer emulsion treated with ultrasound demonstrated a superior and prolonged releasing behavior. These findings demonstrated the suitability of the ultrasound treatment for the preparation of emulsions to deliver bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihang Shi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China
| | - Yuxuan Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China
| | - Yufan Sun
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China; Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China
| | - Mingming Zhong
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China
| | - Arif Rashid
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China
| | - Abdul Qayum
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China
| | - Qiufang Liang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China
| | - Abdur Rehman
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China
| | - Haile Ma
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China; Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China
| | - Xiaofeng Ren
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China; Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China.
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Wang T, Wang S, Zhang L, Sun J, Guo T, Yu G, Xia X. Fabrication of bilayer emulsion by ultrasonic emulsification: Effects of chitosan on the interfacial stability of emulsion. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 93:106296. [PMID: 36641872 PMCID: PMC9852778 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the stable system of bilayer emulsion was fabricated by ultrasonic emulsification. The effect of chitosan (CS) addition (0.05 %-0.4 %, w/v) at pH 5.0 on the stability of rice bran protein hydrolysate-ferulic acid (RBPH-FA) monolayer emulsion was investigated. It was found that the addition of CS (0.3 %) could form a stable bilayer emulsion. The droplet size was 3.38 μm and the absolute ζ-potential value was 31.52 mV. The bilayer emulsion had better storage stability, oxidation stability and environmental stabilities than the monolayer emulsion. The results of in vitro simulations revealed the bilayer emulsion was able to deliver the β-carotene to the small intestine digestive stage stably and the bioaccessibility was increased from 22.34 % to 61.36 % compared with the monolayer emulsion. The research confirmed that the bilayer emulsion prepared by ultrasonic emulsification can be used for the delivery of hydrophobic functional component β-carotene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengyu Wang
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China; School of Grain Engineering, Heilongjiang Communications Polytechnic, Harbin 150025, China
| | - Shirang Wang
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Jiapeng Sun
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Tianhao Guo
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Guoping Yu
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
| | - Xiufang Xia
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
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Bukreeva TV, Borodina TN, Trushina DB. Polyelectrolyte Microcapsules: On the Formation and Possibilities of Regulating Multilayer Structures. COLLOID JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061933x22700089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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4
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Influence of Fat Replacers on the Rheological, Tribological, and Aroma Release Properties of Reduced-Fat Emulsions. Foods 2022; 11:foods11060820. [PMID: 35327243 PMCID: PMC8947701 DOI: 10.3390/foods11060820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Reduced-fat food products can help manage diet-related health issues, but consumers often link them with poor sensory qualities. Thus, high-quality fat replacers are necessary to develop appealing reduced-fat products. A full-fat model emulsion was reduced in fat by replacing fat with either water, lactose, corn dextrin (CD), inulin, polydextrose, or microparticulated whey protein (MWP) as fat replacers. The effect of fat reduction and replacement, as well as the suitability of different types of fat replacers, were determined by analyzing fat droplet size distribution, composition, rheological and tribological properties, and the dynamic aroma release of six aroma compounds prevalent in cheese and other dairy products. None of the formulations revealed a considerable effect on droplet size distribution. MWP strongly increased the Kokini oral shear stress and viscosity, while CD exhibited similar values to the full-fat emulsion. All four fat replacers improved the lubricity of the reduced-fat samples. Butane-2,3-dione and 3-methylbutanoic acid were less affected by the changes in the formulation than butanoic acid, heptan-2-one, ethyl butanoate, and nonan-2-one. The aroma releases of the emulsions comprising MWP and CD were most similar to that of the full-fat emulsion. Therefore, CD was identified as a promising fat replacer for reduced-fat emulsions.
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Lavelli V, Sereikaitė J. Kinetic Study of Encapsulated β-Carotene Degradation in Aqueous Environments: A Review. Foods 2022; 11:317. [PMID: 35159470 PMCID: PMC8834023 DOI: 10.3390/foods11030317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The provitamin A activity of β-carotene is of primary interest to address one of the world's major malnutrition concerns. β carotene is a fat-soluble compound and its bioavailability from natural sources is very poor. Hence, studies have been focused on the development of specific core/shell micro- or nano-structures that encapsulate β-carotene in order to allow its dispersion in liquid systems and improve its bioavailability. One key objective when developing these structures is also to accomplish β-carotene stability. The aim of this review is to collect kinetic data (rate constants, activation energy) on the degradation of encapsulated β-carotene in order to derive knowledge on the possibility for these systems to be scaled-up to the industrial production of functional foods. Results showed that most of the nano- and micro-structures designed for β-carotene encapsulation and dispersion in the water phase provide better protection with respect to a natural matrix, such as carrot juice, increasing the β-carotene half-life from about 30 d to more than 100 d at room temperature. One promising approach to increase β-carotene stability was found to be the use of wall material, surfactants, or co-encapsulated compounds with antioxidant activity. Moreover, a successful approach was the design of structures, where the core is partially or fully solidified; alternatively, either the core or the interface or the outer phase are gelled. The data collected could serve as a basis for the rational design of structures for β-carotene encapsulation, where new ingredients, especially the extraordinary natural array of hydrocolloids, are applied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Lavelli
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Jolanta Sereikaitė
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 10223 Vilnius, Lithuania;
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Effects of emulsifiers on the physicochemical stability of Oil-in-water Nanoemulsions: A critical review. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.117218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Sahoo M, Vishwakarma S, Panigrahi C, Kumar J. Nanotechnology: Current applications and future scope in food. FOOD FRONTIERS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/fft2.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Monalisa Sahoo
- Centre for Rural Development and Technology Indian Institute of Technology Delhi New Delhi India
| | - Siddharth Vishwakarma
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Kharagpur India
| | - Chirasmita Panigrahi
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Kharagpur India
| | - Jayant Kumar
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Kharagpur India
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Ding M, Zhang T, Zhang H, Tao N, Wang X, Zhong J. Gelatin-stabilized traditional emulsions: Emulsion forms, droplets, and storage stability. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2020.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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10
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Sabet S, Seal CK, Akbarinejad A, Rashidinejad A, McGillivray DJ. “Positive-negative-negative”: a colloidal delivery system for bioactive compounds. Food Hydrocoll 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2020.105922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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12
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Pattnaik M, Mishra HN. Effect of microwave treatment on preparation of stable PUFA enriched vegetable oil powder and its influence on quality parameters. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.14374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Monalisha Pattnaik
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Kharagpur India
| | - Hari Niwas Mishra
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Kharagpur India
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Su J, Guo Q, Chen Y, Dong W, Mao L, Gao Y, Yuan F. Characterization and formation mechanism of lutein pickering emulsion gels stabilized by β-lactoglobulin-gum arabic composite colloidal nanoparticles. Food Hydrocoll 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2019.105276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Yonaha V, Martinez MJ, Allievi MC, Leskow FC, Pérez OE. Impact of Fat Replacement by Core-shell Microparticles on Set Type Yoghurts: Study of Their Physicochemical, Textural and Microstructural Properties. CURRENT NUTRITION & FOOD SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1573401314666180503154304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Background: Core-shell micro and nanoparticles can be used to encapsulate bioactive or
functional components and to replace fat content also, since they are able to mimic the organoleptic
characteristics of the fat globules.
</P><P>
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of replacing milk fat matter by core-shell
microparticles in set type yoghurt.
</P><P>
Method: Microparticles were produced by electrostatic deposition of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC)
on thermally induced aggregates of β-lactoglobulin (β-lg)n. Laboratory made yoghurts were prepared
with: full fat milk (F), low fat milk (L) and low fat milk with CS microparticles (CS). Yoghurts properties
(e.g. physicochemical, rheological, textural) were characterized during storage at 4 °C. Trials
were also conducted in commercial yoghurts taken as references.
</P><P>
Results: Water holding capacity (WHC) and elastic modulus (G´) of CS yoghurts resulted similar to
commercial yoghurts. Color properties (L*, a*. b*) were slightly altered and showed no significant
variation upon time. CS yoghurts behaved as a weak gel as indicated by the higher n values obtained
from mechanical spectra and by the lower firmness obtained from texture measurements. Important
differences were observed in microstructure. CS yoghurts showed homogeneous aspect with large aggregates
and empty spaces. Bacterial growth in CS yoghurts resulted similar to low fat yoghurts.
</P><P>
Conclusion: Replacement of milk fat by core-shell microparticles would be feasible giving a final
product without major differences, at least instrumentally measurable, to commercial yogurt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Yonaha
- Departamento de Industrias, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Intendente Guiraldes, s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, CP 1428, Argentina
| | - María J. Martinez
- Departamento de Industrias, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Consejo Nacional de Investigacion Científica y Tecnicas de la Republica Argentina, ITAPROQ-CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Intendente Guiraldes, s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, CP 1428, Argentina
| | - Mariana C. Allievi
- Departamento de Quimica Biologica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Consejo Nacional de Investigacion Científica y Tecnicas de la Republica Argentina IQUIBICEN-CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Intendente Guiraldes, s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, CP 1428, Argentina
| | - Federico Coluccio Leskow
- Departamento de Quimica Biologica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Consejo Nacional de Investigacion Científica y Tecnicas de la Republica Argentina IQUIBICEN-CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Intendente Guiraldes, s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, CP 1428, Argentina
| | - Oscar E. Pérez
- Departamento de Quimica Biologica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Consejo Nacional de Investigacion Científica y Tecnicas de la Republica Argentina IQUIBICEN-CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Intendente Guiraldes, s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, CP 1428, Argentina
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Huang J, Wang Q, Li T, Xia N, Xia Q. Multilayer emulsions as a strategy for linseed oil and α-lipoic acid micro-encapsulation: study on preparation and in vitro characterization. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2018; 98:3513-3523. [PMID: 29314036 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Linseed oil and α-lipoic acid are bioactive ingredients, which play an important role in human nutrition and health. However, their application in functional foods is limited because of their instabilities and poor solubilities in hydrophilic matrices. Multilayer emulsions are particularly useful to protect encapsulated bioactive ingredients. The aim of this study was to fabricate multilayer emulsions by a high-pressure homogenization method to encapsulate linseed oil and α-lipoic acid simultaneously. Tween 20 and lecithin were used as surfactants to stabilize the oil droplets of primary emulsions. Multilayer emulsions were produced by using an electrostatic layer-by-layer deposition process of lecithin-chitosan membranes. RESULTS Thermal treatment exhibited that chitosan encapsulation could improve the thermal stability of primary emulsions. During in vitro digestion, it was found that chitosan encapsulation had little effect on the lipolysis of linseed oil and bioaccessibility of α-lipoic acid. The oxidation stability of linseed oil in multilayer emulsions was improved effectively by chitosan encapsulation and α-lipoic acid. Chitosan encapsulation could inhibit the degradation of α-lipoic acid. A physical stability study indicated that multilayer emulsions had good centrifugal, dilution and storage stabilities. CONCLUSION Multilayer emulsion is an effective delivery system to incorporate linseed oil and α-lipoic acid into functional foods and beverages. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Huang
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Suzhou, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Suzhou, China
| | - Tong Li
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Suzhou, China
| | - Nan Xia
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Suzhou, China
| | - Qiang Xia
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Suzhou, China
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Hu Y, Li Y, Zhang W, Kou G, Zhou Z. Physical stability and antioxidant activity of citrus flavonoids in arabic gum-stabilized microcapsules: Modulation of whey protein concentrate. Food Hydrocoll 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2017.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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17
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The role of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose structural parameters on the stability of emulsions containing Spirulina biomass. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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18
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Oxidative stability and effect of stress factors on flaxseed oil-in-water emulsions stabilized by sodium caseinate–sodium alginate–chitosan interfacial membrane. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-017-0252-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Xiao FX, Pagliaro M, Xu YJ, Liu B. Layer-by-layer assembly of versatile nanoarchitectures with diverse dimensionality: a new perspective for rational construction of multilayer assemblies. Chem Soc Rev 2017; 45:3088-121. [PMID: 27003471 DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00781j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly of multilayer thin films has garnered considerable interest on account of its ability to modulate nanometer control over film thickness and its extensive choice of usable materials for coating planar and particulate substrates, thus allowing for the fabrication of responsive and functional thin films for their potential applications in a myriad of fields. Herein, we provide elaborate information on the current developments of LbL assembly techniques including different properties, molecular interactions, and assembly methods associated with this promising bottom-up strategy. In particular, we highlight the principle for rational design and fabrication of a large variety of multilayer thin film systems including multi-dimensional capsules or spatially hierarchical nanostructures based on the LbL assembly technique. Moreover, we discuss how to judiciously choose the building block pairs when exerting the LbL assembly buildup which enables the engineering of multilayer thin films with tailor-made physicochemical properties. Furthermore, versatile applications of the diverse LbL-assembled nanomaterials are itemized and elucidated in light of specific technological fields. Finally, we provide a brief perspective and potential future challenges of the LbL assembly technology. It is anticipated that our current review could provide a wealth of guided information on the LbL assembly technique and furnish firm grounds for rational design of LbL assembled multilayer assemblies toward tangible applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Xing Xiao
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62, Nanyang Drive, 637459, Singapore.
| | - Mario Pagliaro
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati, CNR via U. La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Yi-Jun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China and College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, New Campus, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China.
| | - Bin Liu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62, Nanyang Drive, 637459, Singapore.
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Sivapratha S, Sarkar P. Multiple layers and conjugate materials for food emulsion stabilization. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 58:877-892. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2016.1227765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Sivapratha
- Department of Food Process Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Preetam Sarkar
- Department of Food Process Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha, India
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21
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Lim AS, Roos YH. Carotenoids stability in spray dried high solids emulsions using layer-by-layer (LBL) interfacial structure and trehalose-high DE maltodextrin as glass former. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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22
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Relative contributions of charge and surface coverage on pH-induced flocculation of protein-stabilized emulsions. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2016.10.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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23
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Pathakoti K, Manubolu M, Hwang HM. Nanostructures: Current uses and future applications in food science. J Food Drug Anal 2017; 25:245-253. [PMID: 28911665 PMCID: PMC9332533 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent developments in nanoscience and nanotechnology intend novel and innovative applications in the food sector, which is rather recent compared with their use in biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. Nanostructured materials are having applications in various sectors of the food science comprising nanosensors, new packaging materials, and encapsulated food components. Nanostructured systems in food include polymeric nanoparticles, liposomes, nanoemulsions, and microemulsions. These materials enhance solubility, improve bioavailability, facilitate controlled release, and protect bioactive components during manufacture and storage. This review highlights the applications of nanostructured materials for their antimicrobial activity and possible mechanism of action against bacteria, including reactive oxygen species, membrane damage, and release of metal ions. In addition, an overview of nanostructured materials, and their current applications and future perspectives in food science are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavitha Pathakoti
- Department of Biology, Jackson State University, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Manjunath Manubolu
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Huey-Min Hwang
- Department of Biology, Jackson State University, Jackson, Mississippi, USA.
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Monteillet H, Kleijn JM, Sprakel J, Leermakers FAM. Complex coacervates formed across liquid interfaces: A self-consistent field analysis. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 239:17-30. [PMID: 27530711 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The Scheutjens-Fleer self-consistent field (SF-SCF) theory is used to study complexation between two oppositely charged polyelectrolytes across an interface formed by two solvents, here called oil and water. The focus is on the composition and the lateral stability of such interfacial coacervate. One polyelectrolyte is chosen to be oil soluble and the other one prefers water, whereas the counter and salt ions are taken to distribute ideally over all phases. There exists an electrostatic associative driving force for the formation of the coacervate phase which increases with decreasing ionic strength and may be assisted by some specific affinity between the associating units and an effective poor solvency for the coacervate. As with respect to the lateral stability an unusual wetting scenario, called pseudo-partial wetting, presents itself, which results from interactions on two different length scales. On the segmental length the screening of oil-water contacts promotes the wetting by the coacervate: a pre-wetting jump-like transition takes place off-coexistence from a microscopically thin to a mesoscopically thin film. Usually this implies complete wetting. However, the mesoscopically thin film is exposed to long-ranged attractive electrostatic interactions and therefore cannot grow to macroscopic dimensions upon approach towards coexistence. Hence the system remains partial wet. The bulk correlation length controls the thickness of the mesoscopically thin film and as a result the wetting transition occurs extremely close to the bulk critical point. We therefore expect that a thick coacervate film typically is laterally inhomogeneous: there are drops on top of a mesoscopically thin coacervate film. This conclusion qualitatively explains the experimental observation that such a coacervate film scatters visible light.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Monteillet
- Wageningen University, Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Stippeneng 4, Wageningen 6708 WE, The Netherlands
| | - J M Kleijn
- Wageningen University, Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Stippeneng 4, Wageningen 6708 WE, The Netherlands
| | - J Sprakel
- Wageningen University, Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Stippeneng 4, Wageningen 6708 WE, The Netherlands
| | - F A M Leermakers
- Wageningen University, Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Stippeneng 4, Wageningen 6708 WE, The Netherlands
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25
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Xu D, Aihemaiti Z, Cao Y, Teng C, Li X. Physicochemical stability, microrheological properties and microstructure of lutein emulsions stabilized by multilayer membranes consisting of whey protein isolate, flaxseed gum and chitosan. Food Chem 2016; 202:156-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.01.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Revised: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 10/01/2022]
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26
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Kartal C, Unal MK, Otles S. Flaxseed Oil-In-Water Emulsions Stabilized by Multilayer Membranes: Oxidative Stability and the Effects of pH. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2016.1141294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Canan Kartal
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Food Engineering, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Kemal Unal
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Food Engineering, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Semih Otles
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Food Engineering, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
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27
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Vasile FE, Martinez MJ, Pizones Ruiz-Henestrosa VM, Judis MA, Mazzobre MF. Physicochemical, interfacial and emulsifying properties of a non-conventional exudate gum (Prosopis alba) in comparison with gum arabic. Food Hydrocoll 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2015.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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28
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Lim AS, Burdikova Z, Sheehan JJ, Roos YH. Carotenoid stability in high total solid spray dried emulsions with gum Arabic layered interface and trehalose–WPI composites as wall materials. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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29
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Spray drying of high hydrophilic solids emulsions with layered interface and trehalose-maltodextrin as glass formers for carotenoids stabilization. J FOOD ENG 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2015.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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30
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Characterization of fish oil in water emulsion produced by layer by layer deposition of soy β-conglycinin and high methoxyl pectin. Food Hydrocoll 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2015.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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31
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Bellesi FA, Martinez MJ, Pizones Ruiz-Henestrosa VM, Pilosof AM. Comparative behavior of protein or polysaccharide stabilized emulsion under in vitro gastrointestinal conditions. Food Hydrocoll 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2015.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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32
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Influence of anionic alginate and cationic chitosan on physicochemical stability and carotenoids bioaccessibility of soy protein isolate-stabilized emulsions. Food Res Int 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2015.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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33
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Saberi AH, Zeeb B, Weiss J, McClements DJ. Tuneable stability of nanoemulsions fabricated using spontaneous emulsification by biopolymer electrostatic deposition. J Colloid Interface Sci 2015; 455:172-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2015.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Revised: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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34
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Multilayer Oil-in-Water Emulsions: Formation, Characteristics and Application as the Carriers for Lipophilic Bioactive Food Components – a Review. POL J FOOD NUTR SCI 2015. [DOI: 10.2478/v10222-012-0094-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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35
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Yim T, Park MS, Woo SG, Kwon HK, Yoo JK, Jung YS, Kim KJ, Yu JS, Kim YJ. Self-Extinguishing Lithium Ion Batteries Based on Internally Embedded Fire-Extinguishing Microcapsules with Temperature-Responsiveness. NANO LETTERS 2015; 15:5059-5067. [PMID: 26177284 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b01167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
User safety is one of the most critical issues for the successful implementation of lithium ion batteries (LIBs) in electric vehicles and their further expansion in large-scale energy storage systems. Herein, we propose a novel approach to realize self-extinguishing capability of LIBs for effective safety improvement by integrating temperature-responsive microcapsules containing a fire-extinguishing agent. The microcapsules are designed to release an extinguisher agent upon increased internal temperature of an LIB, resulting in rapid heat absorption through an in situ endothermic reaction and suppression of further temperature rise and undesirable thermal runaway. In a standard nail penetration test, the temperature rise is reduced by 74% without compromising electrochemical performances. It is anticipated that on the strengths of excellent scalability, simplicity, and cost-effectiveness, this novel strategy can be extensively applied to various high energy-density devices to ensure human safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taeeun Yim
- †Advanced Batteries Research Center, Korea Electronics Technology Institute, 68 Yatap-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do 463-816, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Sik Park
- †Advanced Batteries Research Center, Korea Electronics Technology Institute, 68 Yatap-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do 463-816, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Gil Woo
- †Advanced Batteries Research Center, Korea Electronics Technology Institute, 68 Yatap-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do 463-816, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk-Kwon Kwon
- †Advanced Batteries Research Center, Korea Electronics Technology Institute, 68 Yatap-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do 463-816, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Keun Yoo
- ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 302-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Sik Jung
- ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 302-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Jae Kim
- †Advanced Batteries Research Center, Korea Electronics Technology Institute, 68 Yatap-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do 463-816, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Sang Yu
- †Advanced Batteries Research Center, Korea Electronics Technology Institute, 68 Yatap-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do 463-816, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Jun Kim
- †Advanced Batteries Research Center, Korea Electronics Technology Institute, 68 Yatap-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do 463-816, Republic of Korea
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36
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Lim AS, Roos YH. Stability of flocculated particles in concentrated and high hydrophilic solid layer-by-layer (LBL) emulsions formed using whey proteins and gum Arabic. Food Res Int 2015; 74:160-167. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2015.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2015] [Revised: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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37
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Optimization of formulation and influence of environmental stresses on stability of lycopene-microemulsion. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2014.10.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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38
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Patel AR, Rajarethinem PS, Cludts N, Lewille B, De Vos WH, Lesaffer A, Dewettinck K. Biopolymer-based structuring of liquid oil into soft solids and oleogels using water-continuous emulsions as templates. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:2065-2073. [PMID: 25133865 DOI: 10.1021/la502829u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Physical trapping of a hydrophobic liquid oil in a matrix of water-soluble biopolymers was achieved using a facile two-step process by first formulating a surfactant-free oil-in-water emulsion stabilized by biopolymers (a protein and a polysaccharide) followed by complete removal of the water phase (by either high- or low-temperature drying of the emulsion) resulting in structured solid systems containing a high concentration of liquid oil (above 97 wt %). The microstructure of these systems was revealed by confocal and cryo-scanning electron microscopy, and the effect of biopolymer concentrations on the consistency of emulsions as well as the dried product was evaluated using a combination of small-amplitude oscillatory shear rheometry and large deformation fracture studies. The oleogel prepared by shearing the dried product showed a high gel strength as well as a certain degree of thixotropic recovery even at high temperatures. Moreover, the reversibility of the process was demonstrated by shearing the dried product in the presence of water to obtain reconstituted emulsions with rheological properties comparable to those of the fresh emulsion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok R Patel
- Vandemoortele Centre 'Lipid Science & Technology', Laboratory of Food Technolgy & Engineering, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering and ‡Cell Systems, Cellular Imaging (CSI), Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Ghent University , Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium
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39
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Caliskan G, Lim AS, Roos YH. Beta-Carotene Stability in Extruded Snacks Produced Using Interface Engineered Emulsions. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2014.973963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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40
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Jo YJ, Chun JY, Kwon YJ, Min SG, Choi MJ. Formulation Development of Multilayered Fish Oil Emulsion by using Electrostatic Deposition of Charged Biopolymers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD ENGINEERING 2015. [DOI: 10.1515/ijfe-2014-0177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Multilayered fish oil (FO) emulsions were manufactured by using the layer-by-layer electrostatic deposition method to improve the physical or oxidation stability. Trans-cinnamaldehyde (cinnamon oil) was added into the emulsion system because it can mask fishy flavors and functions as an antioxidant. To develop the FO emulsion formulation, the composition of emulsifier and biopolymer for stable FO emulsions was determined by using the modified critical micelle concentration principle. In our study, the selected concentrations of coating materials were 1.25% Tween 20 (primary layer), 0.1% chitosan (secondary layer), and 0.2% low methoxyl pectin (tertiary layer). All FO emulsions were physically stable resulting in small particles below 300 nm with a narrow size distribution. Furthermore, the oxidation stability of multilayered FO emulsions decreased with decreasing number of membrane layers because FO was released from layered emulsions. However, trans-cinnamaldehyde had no antioxidant effect on FO emulsions. These data suggest that although cinnamon oil has no effect on the oxidation stability, the physical and oxidation stability of FO can be improved by using multilayered emulsions containing Tween 20, chitosan, and low methoxyl pectin.
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41
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Influence of environmental stresses on the physicochemical stability of orange oil bilayer emulsions coated by lactoferrin–soybean soluble polysaccharides and lactoferrin–beet pectin. Food Res Int 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2014.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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42
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Stability and loss kinetics of lutein and β-carotene encapsulated in freeze-dried emulsions with layered interface and trehalose as glass former. Food Res Int 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2014.03.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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43
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Carpineti L, Martinez MJ, Pilosof AM, Pérez OE. β-Lactoglobulin–carboxymethylcellulose core–shell microparticles: Construction, characterization and isolation. J FOOD ENG 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2014.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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44
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Maswal M, Dar AA. Formulation challenges in encapsulation and delivery of citral for improved food quality. Food Hydrocoll 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2013.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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45
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Zeeb B, Fischer L, Weiss J. Hofmeister Salts Affect Buildup of Thin Multilayer Films Surrounding Oil Droplets. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2013.813395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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46
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Li L, Ni R, Shao Y, Mao S. Carrageenan and its applications in drug delivery. Carbohydr Polym 2014; 103:1-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 354] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Revised: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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47
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von Staszewski M, Pizones Ruiz-Henestrosa VM, Pilosof AM. Green tea polyphenols-β-lactoglobulin nanocomplexes: Interfacial behavior, emulsification and oxidation stability of fish oil. Food Hydrocoll 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2013.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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48
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Iwata N, Neves MA, Watanabe J, Sato S, Ichikawa S. Stability control of large oil droplets by layer-by-layer deposition using polyelectrolyte dietary fibers. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2013.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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49
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Zeeb B, Thongkaew C, Weiss J. Theoretical and practical considerations in electrostatic depositioning of charged polymers. J Appl Polym Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/app.40099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Zeeb
- Department of Food Physics and Meat Science; University of Hohenheim, Garbenstrasse 21/25; 70599 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Chutima Thongkaew
- Department of Food Physics and Meat Science; University of Hohenheim, Garbenstrasse 21/25; 70599 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Jochen Weiss
- Department of Food Physics and Meat Science; University of Hohenheim, Garbenstrasse 21/25; 70599 Stuttgart Germany
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50
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Abstract
Templating is one of the most important techniques for the controlled synthesis of nanostructured materials. This powerful tool uses a pre-existing guide with desired nanoscale features to direct the formation of nanomaterials into forms that are otherwise difficult to obtain. As a result, templated synthesis is capable of producing nanostructures with unique structures, morphologies and properties. In this review, we summarize the general principles of templated synthesis and cover recent developments in this area. As a wide variety of synthesis techniques are utilized to produce nanomaterials using template-based methods, the discussion is organized around the various types of common templates. We examine the use of both physical and chemical hard colloidal templates, soft templates, and other non-colloidal templates, followed by our perspective on the state of the field and potential future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiding Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
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