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Ju Y, Hua J, Niu H, Chen H. Multibranched Molecule Defoamers Based on Methyl Gallate for Highly Effective Defoaming and Antifoaming. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:12497-12509. [PMID: 37615634 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Bubbles or foams appear in many industrial processes, bringing inconvenience; yet, efficient capture or removal of them is still challenging. In this study, we report the synthesis and properties of multibranched molecule defoamers based on methyl gallate derivatives (Mb-GDs), which adopt methyl gallate (M-G) as the parent structure, by incorporating alkyl groups from alkyl isocyanates (A-I) with different chain lengths (C12 and C18) to replace R-OH in the M-G structure and further by linking two Mb-GDs into one Gemini-type multibranched derivative (Gt-Mb-GD) by transesterification to construct a defoamer material with a larger spatial volume. The surface properties and interfacial activity of molecular defoamers in aqueous solutions were studied, and the structure-property relationships of the multibranched gallate molecule defoamers based on Mb-GDs and Gt-Mb-GDs were further investigated by comparing the defoaming and antifoaming performance in four typical surfactant foams and foaming solutions with two kinds of commercial defoamers. The foam experiments indicated that the defoamers with a longer branched chain length (C18) showed more effectiveness in defoaming and antifoaming for four surfactant foams or foaming solutions, even at very low dosages, which were far stronger than the commercial high-carbon alcohol defoamer with a linear structure and comparable to branched silicone-based emulsion-type defoamers. Compared with Mb-GD defoamers, Gt-Mb-GD defoamers with a larger branched structure showed a higher defoaming performance. The study found the great potential of materials with multibranched structures for practical applications as the core components of high-performance defoamers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggan Ju
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009 Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Jingxian Hua
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009 Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Hong Niu
- Lanzhou Auxiliary Agent Plant Co. Ltd, Lanzhou New District, 730087 Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Hongling Chen
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009 Jiangsu, P. R. China
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Qiao M, Wu J, Gao N, Shan G, Shen F, Chen J, Zhu B. Preparation and Properties of Different Polyether-Type Defoamers for Concrete. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:7492. [PMID: 36363083 PMCID: PMC9656246 DOI: 10.3390/ma15217492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a series of polyether-type defoamers for concrete which consist of the same alkyl chain (hydrophobic part) but different polyether chains (hydrophilic part) was prepared, and the structure-property relationship of the defoamers was investigated for the first time. Using oleyl alcohol (OA) as the starting agent (alkyl chain), the polyether defoamers with different polyether chains were prepared by changing the amount and sequence of ethylene oxide (EO) and propylene oxide (PO) units. The properties of different defoamers were tested in aqueous solutions, and fresh and hardened mortars; the structure-property relationship of the defoamers was thus studied. The results indicated that the defoaming capacity of the polyether defoamers decreased with an increased EO amount, and the defoamers linked with both EO and PO units (PO before EO) had a stronger defoaming capacity than those linked with EO only. This study is beneficial for the development and applications of novel synthetic polyether-type defoamers for concrete.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Civil Engineering Materials, Jiangsu Sobute New Materials Co., Ltd., Nanjing 211103, China
- Bote New Materials Taizhou Co., Ltd., Taizhou 225474, China
| | - Jingzhi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Civil Engineering Materials, Jiangsu Sobute New Materials Co., Ltd., Nanjing 211103, China
- Bote New Materials Taizhou Co., Ltd., Taizhou 225474, China
| | - Nanxiao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Civil Engineering Materials, Jiangsu Sobute New Materials Co., Ltd., Nanjing 211103, China
| | - Guangcheng Shan
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Civil Engineering Materials, Jiangsu Sobute New Materials Co., Ltd., Nanjing 211103, China
| | - Fei Shen
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Civil Engineering Materials, Jiangsu Sobute New Materials Co., Ltd., Nanjing 211103, China
| | - Jian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Civil Engineering Materials, Jiangsu Sobute New Materials Co., Ltd., Nanjing 211103, China
- Bote New Materials Taizhou Co., Ltd., Taizhou 225474, China
| | - Bosong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Civil Engineering Materials, Jiangsu Sobute New Materials Co., Ltd., Nanjing 211103, China
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Qiao M, Chen J, Gao N, Shan G, Wu J, Ran Q. Synthesis and properties of different alkyl alcohol polyethers as the defoamers for concrete. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.128998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Liu JY, Wang ZS, Yang WY, Zhou X. Inhibition Performance of Amphoteric Fluorinated Surfactant and its Mixed Systems on Carbon Steel in Hydrochloric Acid. J SURFACTANTS DETERG 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11743-016-1863-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Reduction of foaming and enhancement of ascomycin production in rational Streptomyces hygroscopicus fermentation. Chin J Chem Eng 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2014.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Qin S, Hansen BB, Kiil S. Effects of foaming and antifoaming agents on the performance of a wet flue gas desulfurization pilot plant. AIChE J 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.14428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siqiang Qin
- Dept. of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering; Technical University of Denmark; DTU, Building 229, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Brian B. Hansen
- Dept. of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering; Technical University of Denmark; DTU, Building 229, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Søren Kiil
- Dept. of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering; Technical University of Denmark; DTU, Building 229, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
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Valente AJM, Söderman O. The formation of host-guest complexes between surfactants and cyclodextrins. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2014; 205:156-76. [PMID: 24011696 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2013.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2013] [Revised: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 08/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Cyclodextrins are able to act as host molecules in supramolecular chemistry with applications ranging from pharmaceutics to detergency. Among guest molecules surfactants play an important role with both fundamental and practical applications. The formation of cyclodextrin/surfactant host-guest compounds leads to an increase in the critical micelle concentration and in the solubility of surfactants. The possibility of changing the balance between several intermolecular forces, and thus allowing the study of, e.g., dehydration and steric hindrance effects upon association, makes surfactants ideal guest molecules for fundamental studies. Therefore, these systems allow for obtaining a deep insight into the host-guest association mechanism. In this paper, we review the influence on the thermodynamic properties of CD-surfactant association by highlighting the effect of different surfactant architectures (single tail, double-tailed, gemini and bolaform), with special emphasis on cationic surfactants. This is complemented with an assessment of the most common analytical techniques used to follow the association process. The applied methods for computation of the association stoichiometry and stability constants are also reviewed and discussed; this is an important point since there are significant discrepancies and scattered data for similar systems in the literature. In general, the surfactant-cyclodextrin association is treated without reference to the kinetics of the process. However, there are several examples where the kinetics of the process can be investigated, in particular those where volumes of the CD cavity and surfactant (either the tail or in special cases the head group) are similar in magnitude. This will also be critically reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur J M Valente
- Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Olle Söderman
- Division of Physical Chemistry, Center for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Routledge SJ. Beyond de-foaming: the effects of antifoams on bioprocess productivity. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2012; 3:e201210014. [PMID: 24688674 PMCID: PMC3962157 DOI: 10.5936/csbj.201210014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2012] [Revised: 11/12/2012] [Accepted: 11/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Antifoams are often added to bioprocesses with little knowledge of their impact on the cells or product. However, it is known that certain antifoams can affect the growth rates of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms in addition to changing surface properties such as lipid content, resulting in changes to permeability. This in turn can be beneficial to a recombinant protein production system for soluble proteins, as has been demonstrated by increased secretion of α-amylase and GFP, or achievement of greater yields of protein due to increased biomass. However, in some cases, certain concentrations of antifoams appear to have a detrimental effect upon cells and protein production, and the effects vary depending upon the protein being expressed. These findings emphasise the importance of optimising and understanding antifoam addition to bioprocesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Routledge
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, United Kingdom
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Abstract
Pichia pastoris is a widely used host for recombinant protein production. The foaming associated with culturing it on a large scale is commonly prevented by the addition of chemical antifoaming agents or "antifoams." Unexpectedly, the addition of a range of antifoams to both shake flask and bioreactor cultures of P. pastoris has been shown to alter the total yield of the recombinant protein being produced. Possible explanations for this are that the presence of the antifoam increases the total amount of protein being produced and secreted per cell or that it increases the density of the culture. Antifoaming agents may therefore have specific effects on the growth and yield characteristics of recombinant cultures, in addition to their primary action as de-foamers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Routledge
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK.
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Biophysical investigation of the interfacial properties of cationic fluorocarbon/hydrocarbon hybrid surfactant: Mimicking the lung surfactant protein C. J Colloid Interface Sci 2011; 360:163-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2011.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2011] [Revised: 04/02/2011] [Accepted: 04/07/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Routledge SJ, Hewitt CJ, Bora N, Bill RM. Antifoam addition to shake flask cultures of recombinant Pichia pastoris increases yield. Microb Cell Fact 2011; 10:17. [PMID: 21426555 PMCID: PMC3072307 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2859-10-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2010] [Accepted: 03/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pichia pastoris is a widely-used host for recombinant protein production. Initial screening for both suitable clones and optimum culture conditions is typically carried out in multi-well plates. This is followed by up-scaling either to shake-flasks or continuously stirred tank bioreactors. A particular problem in these formats is foaming, which is commonly prevented by the addition of chemical antifoaming agents. Intriguingly, antifoams are often added without prior consideration of their effect on the yeast cells, the protein product or the influence on downstream processes such as protein purification. In this study we characterised, for the first time, the effects of five commonly-used antifoaming agents on the total amount of recombinant green fluorescent protein (GFP) secreted from shake-flask cultures of this industrially-relevant yeast. RESULTS Addition of defined concentrations of Antifoam A (Sigma), Antifoam C (Sigma), J673A (Struktol), P2000 (Fluka) or SB2121 (Struktol) to shake-flask cultures of P. pastoris increased the total amount of recombinant GFP in the culture medium (the total yield) and in the case of P2000, SB2121 and J673A almost doubled it. When normalized to the culture density, the GFP specific yield (μg OD₅₉₅⁻¹) was only increased for Antifoam A, Antifoam C and J673A. Whilst none of the antifoams affected the growth rate of the cells, addition of P2000 or SB2121 was found to increase culture density. There was no correlation between total yield, specific yield or specific growth rate and the volumetric oxygen mass transfer coefficient (k(L)a) in the presence of antifoam. Moreover, the antifoams did not affect the dissolved oxygen concentration of the cultures. A comparison of the amount of GFP retained in the cell by flow cytometry with that in the culture medium by fluorimetry suggested that addition of Antifoam A, Antifoam C or J673A increased the specific yield of GFP by increasing the proportion secreted into the medium. CONCLUSIONS We show that addition of a range of antifoaming agents to shake flask cultures of P. pastoris increases the total yield of the recombinant protein being produced. This is not only a simple method to increase the amount of protein in the culture, but our study also provides insight into how antifoams interact with microbial cell factories. Two mechanisms are apparent: one group of antifoams (Antifoam A, Antifoam C and J673A) increases the specific yield of GFP by increasing the total amount of protein produced and secreted per cell, whilst the second (P2000 or SB2121) increases the total yield by increasing the density of the culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Routledge
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
| | - Christopher J Hewitt
- Centre for Biological Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Nagamani Bora
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
| | - Roslyn M Bill
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
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Takahashi Y, Kondo Y, Schmidt J, Talmon Y. Self-Assembly of a Fluorocarbon−Hydrocarbon Hybrid Surfactant: Dependence of Morphology on Surfactant Concentration and Time. J Phys Chem B 2010; 114:13319-25. [DOI: 10.1021/jp1028273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Takahashi
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, 12-1 Ichigaya-Funagawara, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0826, Japan, Center for Colloid and Interface Science (CCIS), Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan, and Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Yukishige Kondo
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, 12-1 Ichigaya-Funagawara, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0826, Japan, Center for Colloid and Interface Science (CCIS), Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan, and Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Judith Schmidt
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, 12-1 Ichigaya-Funagawara, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0826, Japan, Center for Colloid and Interface Science (CCIS), Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan, and Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Yeshayahu Talmon
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, 12-1 Ichigaya-Funagawara, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0826, Japan, Center for Colloid and Interface Science (CCIS), Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan, and Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
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Kondo Y, Fukuoka H, Nakano S, Hayashi K, Tsukagoshi T, Matsumoto M, Yoshino N. Formation of wormlike aggregates of fluorocarbon-hydrocarbon hybrid surfactant by Langmuir-Blodgett transfer and alignment of gold nanoparticles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2007; 23:5857-60. [PMID: 17469862 DOI: 10.1021/la700522e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
A novel anionic fluorocarbon-hydrocarbon hybrid surfactant (SS-Hyb-Na+) with a disulfide group has been synthesized from 11-bromo-1-undecanal and perfluorohexylethyl iodide via three steps. The Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) transfer of the 1:100 (mol/mol) mixed monolayer of SS-Hyb-Na+ and stearyl alcohol (C18OH) formed on an aqueous solution containing a cationic polymer, poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA+Cl-) onto a hydrophobic silicon wafer yields the formation of wormlike aggregates consisting of SS-Hyb-/PDDA+ polyion complexes. It is found that the aggregates align along the withdrawal direction of the wafer substrate. When the wafer on which the wormlike aggregates exist is immersed into the dispersion of gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) prepared by the citrate reduction method, Au NPs align along the wormlike structures. Even though the surface of the wafer is placed either vertical or parallel to the monolayer compression direction during the LB transfer, the one-dimensional (1D) array of Au NPs is observed along the withdrawal direction of the wafer. This indicates that the wormlike aggregates of SS-Hyb-/PDDA+ complexes are aligned during the LB transfer, and the aligned aggregates behave as a scaffold in the 1D array of Au NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukishige Kondo
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, 12-1 Ichigaya-funagawara, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0826, Japan.
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Joshi KS, Jeelani SAK, Blickenstorfer C, Naegeli I, Oliviero C, Windhab EJ. Nonionic block copolymer antifoams. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2006; 22:6893-904. [PMID: 16863236 DOI: 10.1021/la0600797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Aqueous dispersions of alkoxylated alcohol block copolymer (BCP) drops are investigated as antifoams. A model aqueous nonionic surfactant solution of Polysorbate 20 and an industrial white water suspension are used as foaming systems. Visual evidence obtained using a two-bubble technique involving a CCD camera coupled with high magnification lenses clearly revealed the role of BCP droplets in the bubble coalescence process. The enhancement of bubble coalescence decreased as the temperature increased from 25 to 60 degrees C, which is due to the corresponding decrease in the rigidity associated with the weak interfacial structure and reduced viscosity of the BCP drops. The antifoaming efficiency measured in the macroscopic recirculation foam column increased with temperature from about 13 to 26 degrees C (attaining a maximum) and decreased as temperature increased further. Oscillatory thermo-rheometric measurements showed a sudden increase in the storage modulus (G') by several orders of magnitude, indicating gel formation initiated at about 13 degrees C and having a maximum at around 26 degrees C for an aqueous solution of the BCP above a critical concentration of around 20 wt %. Results obtained using small-angle X-ray scattering, micro-differential scanning calorimetry, and proton nuclear magnetic resonance confirmed the existence of ordered gel-like structures. Furthermore, macroscopic tests using a sparged air foam column showed a significant increase in antifoaming efficiency when highly hydrophobic particles are embedded in the BCP drops dispersed in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Joshi
- Laboratory of Food Process Engineering, Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH-Zentrum, Schmelzbergstrasse 7, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
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Aydogan N, Aldis N. Tuning surface tension and aggregate shape via a novel redox active fluorocarbon-hydrocarbon hybrid surfactant. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2006; 22:2028-33. [PMID: 16489784 DOI: 10.1021/la052786q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports the surface and bulk properties of a newly designed redox active hybrid surfactant Fc(CH2)11N+(C2H5)2(CH2)2(CF2)5CF3 I- or FcFHUB, where Fc is ferrocene. This new surfactant displays strong surface tension lowering ability (31 mN/m) and low critical micelle concentration (0.03 mM in 100 mM Li2SO4). The minimum area per surfactant molecule at the interface is determined as 121 angstroms2/molecule. The electrochemical oxidation of ferrocene (Fc) to ferrocenium cationic (Fc+) leads to reversible changes in the surface and bulk properties of this surfactant. Following the oxidation, desorption of surfactant molecules from the surface of the solution takes place. This desorption of surfactant molecules gives rise to the oxidation-induced surface tension change up to 15 mN/m. Although this new molecule shows salt-insensitive behavior in its reduced form, the oxidized form of the surfactant shows slight sensitivity to the electrolyte concentration. The molecular structure of FcFHUB allows the formation of large aggregates in the form of coils at a temperature of 33 degrees C. When the temperature rises to 50 degrees C, the aggregates are determined to be in the vesicle structure. The oxidation of Fc to Fc+ disrupts large aggregates to the smaller aggregates at low temperatures. The oxidation of surfactant molecules at high temperature leads to disruption of the aggregates to monomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nihal Aydogan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hacettepe University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey.
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