1
|
Li M, Liu M, Qi F, Lin FR, Jen AKY. Self-Assembled Monolayers for Interfacial Engineering in Solution-Processed Thin-Film Electronic Devices: Design, Fabrication, and Applications. Chem Rev 2024; 124:2138-2204. [PMID: 38421811 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Interfacial engineering has long been a vital means of improving thin-film device performance, especially for organic electronics, perovskites, and hybrid devices. It greatly facilitates the fabrication and performance of solution-processed thin-film devices, including organic field effect transistors (OFETs), organic solar cells (OSCs), perovskite solar cells (PVSCs), and organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). However, due to the limitation of traditional interfacial materials, further progress of these thin-film devices is hampered particularly in terms of stability, flexibility, and sensitivity. The deadlock has gradually been broken through the development of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs), which possess distinct benefits in transparency, diversity, stability, sensitivity, selectivity, and surface passivation ability. In this review, we first showed the evolution of SAMs, elucidating their working mechanisms and structure-property relationships by assessing a wide range of SAM materials reported to date. A comprehensive comparison of various SAM growth, fabrication, and characterization methods was presented to help readers interested in applying SAM to their works. Moreover, the recent progress of the SAM design and applications in mainstream thin-film electronic devices, including OFETs, OSCs, PVSCs and OLEDs, was summarized. Finally, an outlook and prospects section summarizes the major challenges for the further development of SAMs used in thin-film devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingliang Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Feng Qi
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Francis R Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Alex K-Y Jen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pang B, Iqbal D, Sarfraz A, Biedermann PU, Erbe A. Differences in perchlorate adsorption to azobenzene monolayers on gold formed from thioacetate and thiol precursors. Z PHYS CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/zpch-2021-3143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Modification of metal surfaces with complex molecules opens interesting opportunities to build additional functionality into these surfaces. In this work, self assembled monolayers (SAMs) based on the same photoswitchable azobenzene motif but with different head groups have been synthesized and their SAMs on Au(111)/Si substrates have been characterized. 3-[(4-phenylazo)phenoxy]propyl thiol (PAPT) and its acetyl group protected analog, 3-[(4-phenylazo)phenoxy]propyl thioacetate (PAPA), have been synthesized. SAMs from PAPT and PAPA have been characterized by infrared (IR) spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ellipsometry and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The SAM-forming units of both SAMs are the same, as confirmed by IR and XPS, and the SAMs have similar surface coverage, as evidenced by analysis of the reductive desorption peaks in CVs. The tilt angle of the azobenzene moiety was ca. 75° with respect to the surface normal as determined by IR spectroscopy, i.e., the molecules are lying quite flat on the gold surface. Despite similar surface coverages, the CVs for PAPT in aqueous perchlorate solution show a typical perchlorate adsorption peak to gold, whereas the corresponding experiments with PAPA show no perchlorate adsorption at all. In conclusion, SAM formation can lead to an increase in the number of electrochemically accessible surface sites on the final, SAM covered surface. Whether the amount of such sites increases or decreases, depends on the precursor. The precursor most likely affects the adsorption mechanism and thus the atomic surface structure of the metal at the metal/SAM interface. Thus, details of the SAM formation mechanism, which is affected by the precursor used, can have quite strong effects on the electrochemical properties, and likely also electrocatalytic properties, of the resulting modified surface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Pang
- Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH , Max-Planck-Str., 1, 40237 Düsseldorf , Germany
| | - Danish Iqbal
- Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH , Max-Planck-Str., 1, 40237 Düsseldorf , Germany
| | - Adnan Sarfraz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH , Max-Planck-Str., 1, 40237 Düsseldorf , Germany
| | - P. Ulrich Biedermann
- Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH , Max-Planck-Str., 1, 40237 Düsseldorf , Germany
| | - Andreas Erbe
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology , 7491 Trondheim , Norway
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kyvik AR, Luque-Corredera C, Pulido D, Royo M, Veciana J, Guasch J, Ratera I. Stimuli-Responsive Functionalization Strategies to Spatially and Temporally Control Surface Properties: Michael vs Diels–Alder Type Additions. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:4481-4490. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b01652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana R. Kyvik
- Institute of Materials Science of Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Luque-Corredera
- Institute of Materials Science of Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
- Escola Universitària Salesiana de Sarrià (EUSS-UAB), Pg. Sant Joan Bosco 74, 08017, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Pulido
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
- Combinatorial Chemistry Unit, Barcelona Science Park, Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miriam Royo
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
- Combinatorial Chemistry Unit, Barcelona Science Park, Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaume Veciana
- Institute of Materials Science of Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Judith Guasch
- Institute of Materials Science of Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
- Dynamic Biomaterials for Cancer Immunotherapy, Max Planck Partner Group, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus
UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Imma Ratera
- Institute of Materials Science of Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Paradinas M, Munuera C, Buck M, Ocal C. In-Situ Scrutiny of the Relationship between Polymorphic Phases and Properties of Self-Assembled Monolayers of a Biphenyl Based Thiol. J Phys Chem B 2017; 122:657-665. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b05958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Markos Paradinas
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, Bellaterra 08193-Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Munuera
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, Bellaterra 08193-Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manfred Buck
- EaStCHEM
School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews, KY169ST, U.K
| | - Carmen Ocal
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, Bellaterra 08193-Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lin WI, Shao F, Stephanidis B, Zenobi R. Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopic imaging shows segregation within binary self-assembled thiol monolayers at ambient conditions. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 407:8197-204. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-8840-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2015] [Revised: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
6
|
Nita P, Pimentel C, Luo F, Milián-Medina B, Gierschner J, Pina CM, Gnecco E. Molecular resolution friction microscopy of Cu phthalocyanine thin films on dolomite (104) in water. NANOSCALE 2014; 6:8334-8339. [PMID: 24932960 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr01522c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The reliability of ultrathin organic layers as active components for molecular electronic devices depends ultimately on an accurate characterization of the layer morphology and ability to withstand mechanical stresses on the nanoscale. To this end, since the molecular layers need to be electrically decoupled using thick insulating substrates, the use of AFM becomes mandatory. Here, we show how friction force microscopy (FFM) in water allows us to identify the orientation of copper(ii)phthalocyanine (CuPc) molecules previously self-assembled on a dolomite (104) mineral surface in ultra-high vacuum. The molecular features observed in the friction images show that the CuPc molecules are stacked in parallel rows with no preferential orientation with respect to the dolomite lattice, while the stacking features resemble well the single CuPc crystal structure. This proves that the substrate induction is low and makes friction force microscopy in water a suitable alternative to more demanding dynamic AFM techniques in ultra-high vacuum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Nita
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA Nanociencia), Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, E-28049, Madrid, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Young Park
- Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions, Institute for Basic Science , Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Martin F, Hendriksen BLM, Katan AJ, Qi Y, Mauldin C, Fréchet JMJ, Salmeron M. Sensitivity to molecular order of the electrical conductivity in oligothiophene monolayer films. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:1206-1210. [PMID: 23244532 DOI: 10.1021/la303609g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Using conducting probe atomic force microscopy (CAFM), we show that electrical conductivity in oligothiophene molecular films deposited on SiO(2)/Si wafers is extremely sensitive to degree of crystalline order in the film. By locally distorting the molecular order in the films through the controlled application of pressure with the AFM tip, the lateral charge transport was reduced by factors varying from 2 to 10, even when no changes in the height of the film could be observed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Florent Martin
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kwon S, Chung HJ, Seo S, Park JY. Domain structures of single layer graphene imaged with conductive probe atomic force microscopy. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.4810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sangku Kwon
- Graduate School of EEWS (WCU) and NanoCentury KI; KAIST (Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology); Daejeon 305-701 South Korea
| | - H. J. Chung
- Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology; Mt. 14-1 Nongseo-Dong Yongin Gyonggi-Do 446-712 South Korea
| | - Sunae Seo
- Department of Physics; Sejong University; Seoul 143-747 South Korea
| | - Jeong Young Park
- Graduate School of EEWS (WCU) and NanoCentury KI; KAIST (Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology); Daejeon 305-701 South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Khalid W, El Helou M, Murböck T, Yue Z, Montenegro JM, Schubert K, Göbel G, Lisdat F, Witte G, Parak WJ. Immobilization of quantum dots via conjugated self-assembled monolayers and their application as a light-controlled sensor for the detection of hydrogen peroxide. ACS NANO 2011; 5:9870-9876. [PMID: 22070721 DOI: 10.1021/nn2035582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A light-addressable gold electrode modified with CdS and FePt or with CdS@FePt nanoparticles via an interfacial dithiol linker layer is presented. XPS measurements reveal that trans-stilbenedithiol provides high-quality self-assembled monolayers compared to benzenedithiol and biphenyldithiol, in case they are formed at elevated temperatures. The CdS nanoparticles in good electrical contact with the electrode allow for current generation under illumination and appropriate polarization. FePt nanoparticles serve as catalytic sites for the reduction of hydrogen peroxide to water. Advantageously, both properties can be combined by the use of hybrid nanoparticles fixed on the electrode by means of the optimized stilbenedithiol layer. This allows a light-controlled analysis of different hydrogen peroxide concentrations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Waqas Khalid
- Fachbereich Physik and WZMW, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hendriksen BLM, Martin F, Qi Y, Mauldin C, Vukmirovic N, Ren J, Wormeester H, Katan AJ, Altoe V, Aloni S, Fréchet JMJ, Wang LW, Salmeron M. Electrical transport properties of oligothiophene-based molecular films studied by current sensing atomic force microscopy. NANO LETTERS 2011; 11:4107-4112. [PMID: 21848283 DOI: 10.1021/nl202720y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Using conducting probe atomic force microscopy (CAFM) we have investigated the electrical conduction properties of monolayer films of a pentathiophene derivative on a SiO(2)/Si-p+ substrate. By a combination of current-voltage spectroscopy and current imaging we show that lateral charge transport takes place in the plane of the monolayer via hole injection into the highest occupied molecular orbitals of the pentathiophene unit. Our CAFM data suggest that the conductivity is anisotropic relative to the crystalline directions of the molecular lattice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bas L M Hendriksen
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Park JY. Tuning nanoscale friction on Pt nanoparticles with engineering of organic capping layer. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2011; 27:2509-2513. [PMID: 21288035 DOI: 10.1021/la104353f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale friction and adhesion on Pt colloid nanoparticles coated with different organic capping layers were probed with atomic/friction force microscopy. Platinum colloid nanoparticles with four types of capping layers have been synthesized and used as model lubricant systems: TTAB (tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide), HDA (hexadecylamine), HDT (hexadecylthiol), and PVP (poly(vinylpyrrolidone)). Two-dimensional arrays of colloid nanoparticles were prepared using the Langmuir-Blodgett method. We found that the friction and adhesion properties on colloid nanoparticles are lower than those on a silicon surface. The variation of friction when changing the capping layers is ∼30%, and it appears that the friction depends on the packing and ordering of the capping layers. Partial removal of the capping layers using ultraviolet light (UV)-ozone surface treatment resulted in increased friction. These results suggest a new method of tuning nanometer scale friction and adhesion by engineering organic capping layers on nanoparticles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Young Park
- Graduate School of EEWS (WCU) and NanoCentury KI, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Park JY, Qi Y. Probing nanotribological and electrical properties of organic molecular films with atomic force microscopy. SCANNING 2010; 32:257-264. [PMID: 21077189 DOI: 10.1002/sca.20182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Structural aspects of organic molecular films, such as disordering, packing density, molecular bending or tilts, and phase separation, influence electrical properties as well as friction and adhesion. This indicates a correlation between nanomechanical and charge transport properties of molecular films at the molecular scale. In this review, we highlight the recent studies on correlations between charge transport and nanomechanical properties probed with atomic force microscopy. We discuss the key issues that determine charge transport and nanomechanical properties on several organic molecular films, including self-assembled monolayers formed by saturated hydrocarbon molecules conjugated molecules, and hybrid molecules as well as polymer and polymer blend films. We address the role of molecular deformation and bending in friction and conductance measurements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Young Park
- Graduate School of EEWS (WCU Program), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
| | | |
Collapse
|