Electrochemical surface structuring with palladium nanoparticles for signal enhancement

Electrochemical Biosensors for Rapid Detection of Foodborne Salmonella: A Critical Overview

Salmonella has represented the most common and primary cause of food poisoning in many countries for at least over 100 years. Its detection is still primarily based on traditional microbiological culture methods which are labor-intensive, extremely time consuming, and not suitable for testing a large number of samples. Accordingly, great efforts to develop rapid, sensitive and specific methods, easy to use, and suitable for multi-sample analysis, have been made and continue. Biosensor-based technology has all the potentialities to meet these requirements. In this paper, we review the features of the electrochemical immunosensors, genosensors, aptasensors and phagosensors developed in the last five years for Salmonella detection, focusing on the critical aspects of their application in food analysis.

Morphology controlled synthesis of platinum nanoparticles performed on the surface of graphene oxide using a gas–liquid interfacial reaction and its application for high-performance electrochemical sensing

Electrochemical sensing of nitrite based on morphology-controlled Pt/GO nanocomposites which were obtained using a novel gas–liquid interfacial reaction.

Controllable Synthesis of Formaldehyde Modified Manganese Oxide Based on Gas-Liquid Interfacial Reaction and Its Application of Electrochemical Sensing

Controllable synthesis of manganese oxides was performed via a simple one-step synthetic method. Then obtained manganese oxides which exhibit flower-like, cloud-like, hexagon-like, and rod-like morphologies were modified by formaldehyde based on a simple self-made gas-liquid reaction device respectively and the modified manganese oxides with coral-like, scallop-like and rod-like morphology were synthesized accordingly. The obtained materials were characterized and the formation mechanism was also researched. Then the modified manganese oxides were used to fabricate electrochemical sensors to detect H2O2. Comparison of electrochemical properties between three kinds of modified manganese oxides was investigated and the best one has been successfully employed as H2O2 sensor which shows a low detection limit of 0.01 μM, high sensitivity of 162.69 μA mM(-1) cm(-2), and wide linear range of 0.05 μM-12.78 mM. The study provides a new method for controllable synthesis of metal oxides, and electrochemical application of formaldehyde modified manganese oxides will provides a new strategy for electrochemical sensing with high performance, low cost, and simple fabrication.

A brand-new catalytic system: a Pd-based catalyst directly attached on the inner walls of the reactor which independently catalyzed the Heck reaction

A Pd-based catalyst directly attached on the inner surface of the reactor as a new catalytic system has been achieved and developed via an electrospinning technique followed by an impregnation–reduction and a simple carbonization process.

Novel silver nanoparticle-manganese oxyhydroxide-graphene oxide nanocomposite prepared by modified silver mirror reaction and its application for electrochemical sensing

A gas/liquid interface will be formed when the free volatilized methyl aldehyde gas begins to dissolve in to solution. On the basis of the traditional silver mirror reaction, silver nanoparticle-manganese oxyhydroxide-graphene oxide (Ag-MnOOH-GO) nanocomposite was synthesized at the gas/liquid interface without any protection of inert gas at room temprature. The morphology of the nanocomposites could be controlled by adjusting the reaction temperature and time. The morphology and composition of the nanocomposites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The composites were then applied for electrochemical sensing. The electrochemical investigation for the sensor indicates that it has excellent property to catalyze H2O2, and could detect H2O2 with a low detection limit of 0.2μM and wide linear range of 0.5 μM to 17.8 mM. The present study provides a general platform for the controlled synthesis of nanomaterials and can be extended to other optical, electronic, and magnetic nanocompounds.

Water-soluble Pd nanoparticles synthesized from ω-carboxyl-S-alkanethiosulfate ligand precursors as unimolecular micelle catalysts

This report describes a two-phase synthesis of water-soluble carboxylate-functionalized alkanethiolate-capped Pd nanoparticles from ω-carboxyl-S-alkanethiosulfate sodium salts. The two-phase methodology using the thiosulfate ligand passivation protocol allowed a highly specific control over the surface ligand coverage of these nanoparticles, which are lost in a one-phase aqueous system because of the base-catalyzed hydrolysis of thiosulfate to thiolate. Systematic synthetic variations investigated in this study included the concentration of ω-carboxyl-S-alkanethiosulfate ligand precursors and reducing agent, NaBH4, and the overall ligand chain length. The resulting water-soluble Pd nanoparticles were isolated and characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), (1)H NMR, UV-vis, and FT-IR spectroscopy. Among different variations, a decrease in the molar equivalent of NaBH4 resulted in a reduction in the surface ligand density while maintaining a similar particle core size. Additionally, reducing the chain length of the thiosulfate ligand precursor also led to the formation of stable nanoparticles with a lower surface coverage. Since the metal core size of these Pd nanoparticle variations remained quite consistent, direct correlation studies between ligand properties and catalytic activities against hydrogenation/isomerization of allyl alcohol could be performed. Briefly, Pd nanoparticles dissolved in water favored the hydrogenation of allyl alcohol to 1-propanol whereas Pd nanoparticles heterogeneously dispersed in chloroform exhibited a rather high selectivity towards the isomerization product (propanal). The results suggested that the surrounding ligand environments, such as the ligand structure, conformation, and surface coverage, were crucial in determining the overall activity and selectivity of the Pd nanoparticle catalysts.