1
|
Li F, Xiao L, Li B, Hu X, Liu L. Carbene polymerization from the catalyzed decomposition of diazo compounds: Mechanism and modern development. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
2
|
Wong PW, Yim VMW, Guo J, Chan BS, Deka BJ, An AK. Noninvasive Real-Time Monitoring of Wetting Progression in Membrane Distillation Using Impedance Spectroscopy. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:535-545. [PMID: 34935352 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c04433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Membrane distillation (MD) is a promising technology for the treatment of high salinity wastewater using a hydrophobic membrane; however, the occurrence of wetting due to surfactants in polluted or low surface tension liquid impedes MD application. Common monitoring approaches, such as conductivity and flux measurement, cannot explain the wetting phenomenon that occurs during the wetting process in detail. Recently, impedance spectroscopy has been proposed for early wetting detection, as it depends on the change of water/air composition in the membrane pores. An earlier and larger variation was observed with precise signal detection. In this study, we proposed an analytical approach to estimate the wetting front, which is the average feed intrusion distance, by the impedance value recorded in real-time operation. With this proposed approach, the wetting mechanism in the presence of a surfactant and the effect of pore size on a commercial polyvinylidene fluoride membrane could be quantified, which cannot be explained in detail using conductivity and flux measurements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pak Wai Wong
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Vicki Man-Wai Yim
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Jiaxin Guo
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Ben Sun Chan
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Bhaskar Jyoti Deka
- Department of Hydrology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Alicia Kyoungjin An
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li F, Thiele S, Klok HA. Polymethylene Brushes via Surface-Initiated C1 Polyhomologation. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:19873-19880. [PMID: 34793151 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c09187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Surface-initiated polymerization reactions are a powerful tool to generate chain-end-tethered polymer brushes. This report presents a synthetic strategy that gives access to structurally well-defined hydrocarbon polymer brushes of controlled molecular weights, which can be further modified to generate more complex surface-attached polymer architectures. The hydrocarbon brushes reported in this study are polymethylene brushes that are obtained via surface-initiated C1 polyhomologation of dimethylsulfoxonium methylide. The strategy outlined here is based on the use of an alkylboronic acid pinacol ester initiator, which allows for controlled, unidirectional chain growth by monomer insertion into only the C-B bond of the initiator and which presents the polymerization active group at the growing polymer chain end. This surface-initiated C1 polyhomologation methodology is compatible with photopatterning strategies and can be used to generate micropatterned polymethylene brush films. Furthermore, conversion of the boronic ester chain-end functionalities to hydroxyl groups allows for selective chain-end modification and enables access to a variety of surface-anchored block copolymer architectures by chain extension via, for example, ring-opening or atom transfer radical polymerization chemistries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Li
- Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Batiment MXD, Station 12, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sophia Thiele
- Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Batiment MXD, Station 12, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Harm-Anton Klok
- Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Batiment MXD, Station 12, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mehanna YA, Sadler E, Upton RL, Kempchinsky AG, Lu Y, Crick CR. The challenges, achievements and applications of submersible superhydrophobic materials. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:6569-6612. [PMID: 33889879 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01056a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Superhydrophobic materials have been widely reported throughout the scientific literature. Their properties originate from a highly rough morphology and inherently water repellent surface chemistry. Despite promising an array of functionalities, these materials have seen limited commercial development. This could be attributed to many factors, like material compatibility, low physical resilience, scaling-up complications, etc. In applications where persistent water contact is required, another limitation arises as a major concern, which is the stability of the air layer trapped at the surface when submerged or impacted by water. This review is aimed at examining the diverse array of research focused on monitoring/improving air layer stability, and highlighting the most successful approaches. The reported complexity of monitoring and enhancing air layer stability, in conjunction with the variety of approaches adopted, results in an assortment of suggested routes to achieving success. The review is addressing the challenge of finding a balance between maximising water repulsion and incorporating structures that protect air pockets from removal, along with challenges related to the variant approaches to testing air-layer stability across the research field, and the gap between the achieved progress and the required performance in real-life applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin A Mehanna
- Materials Innovation Factory, Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZD, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chien HW, Chen XY, Tsai WP, Lee M. Inhibition of biofilm formation by rough shark skin-patterned surfaces. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 186:110738. [PMID: 31869602 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.110738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigate the microscale structure of shark skin denticles at abdomen (A) and fin (F) locations, analyze the roughness and wetting properties related to their microstructures, and evaluate the effect of the surface properties on early bacterial attachment and biofilm formation. Microstructural analysis by scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy confirmed the length (A: 165-180 μm vs. F: 145-165 μm), width (A: 86-100 μm vs. F: 64-70 μm), height (A: 10.5-13.5 μm vs. F: 6.2-8.8 μm), and density (A: 110-130 denticles/mm2vs. F: 80-130 denticles/mm2) of the denticles. The results showed that the roughness and hydrophobicity properties were affected with slight differences in the microscale architecture. The denticles with a larger width, higher ridge, and denser overlap provided a rougher and more hydrophobic surface. The microscale structure not only affected surface properties but also the biological attachment process. The microscale topography of shark skin slightly promoted bacterial attachment at an early stage, but prevented bacteria from developing biofilms. This systematic investigation provides insights into the effects of the surface topography of shark skin on its anti-fouling mechanism, which will enable the future development of various products related to human activity, such as healthcare products, underwater devices and applications, and water treatment applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hsiu-Wen Chien
- Department of Chemical and Material Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Photo-Sensitive Material Advanced Research and Technology Center (Photo-SMART Center), National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Xiang-Yu Chen
- Department of Chemical and Material Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Pei Tsai
- Department of Fisheries Production and Management, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Mengshan Lee
- Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang Z, Chen Y, Sun X, Duddu R, Lin S. Mechanism of pore wetting in membrane distillation with alcohol vs. surfactant. J Memb Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2018.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
7
|
Liu H, Raza A, Aili A, Lu J, AlGhaferi A, Zhang T. Sunlight-Sensitive Anti-Fouling Nanostructured TiO2 coated Cu Meshes for Ultrafast Oily Water Treatment. Sci Rep 2016; 6:25414. [PMID: 27160349 PMCID: PMC4861963 DOI: 10.1038/srep25414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanostructured materials with desired wettability and optical property can play an important role in reducing the energy consumption of oily water treatment technologies. For effective oily water treatment, membrane materials with high strength, sunlight-sensitive anti-fouling, relative low fabrication cost, and controllable wettability are being explored. In the proposed oily water treatment approach, nanostructured TiO2-coated copper (TNS-Cu) meshes are used. These TNS-Cu meshes exhibit robust superhydrophilicity and underwater oleophobicity (high oil intrusion pressure) as well as excellent chemical and thermal stability (≈250 °C). They have demonstrated high separation efficiency (oil residue in the filtrate ≤21.3 ppm), remarkable filtration flux (≥400 kL h−1 m−2), and sunlight-sensitive anti-fouling properties. Both our theoretical analysis and experimental characterization have confirmed the enhanced light absorption property of TNS-Cu meshes in the visible region (40% of the solar spectrum) and consequently strong anti-fouling capability upon direct solar light illumination. With these features, the proposed approach promises great potential in treating produced oily wastewater from industry and daily life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- HaoRan Liu
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Masdar Institute of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 54224, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Aikifa Raza
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Masdar Institute of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 54224, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Abulimiti Aili
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Masdar Institute of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 54224, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - JinYou Lu
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Masdar Institute of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 54224, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Amal AlGhaferi
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Masdar Institute of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 54224, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - TieJun Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Masdar Institute of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 54224, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Tuberquia JC, Jennings GK. Surface initiation from adsorbed polymer clusters: a rapid route to superhydrophobic coatings. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2013; 5:2593-2598. [PMID: 23465650 DOI: 10.1021/am303275f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We introduce the use of a hydroborated polyisoprene (PIP) macroinitiator for the rapid surface-initiated growth of superhydrophobic polymethylene (PM) films. Rinsing of a dip-coated PIP film on a methyl-terminated surface atop silicon or gold substrates results in robustly bound, isolated PIP clusters. After hydroboration of the internal olefins, these clusters result in extremely rapid growth of polymethylene coatings upon exposure to a diazomethane solution in diethyl ether at -17 °C. The resulting PM films achieve 6 μm thicknesses within 20 min of polymerization and become superhydrophobic with advancing and receding water contact angles of 166° and 156°, respectively, within 1 min. The PM films grown from these PIP clusters exhibit 3× greater propagation velocities, 30% lower termination rates, and more highly textured morphologies than PM films grown from hydroborated monolayers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan C Tuberquia
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Tuberquia JC, Song WS, Jennings GK. Investigating the Superhydrophobic Behavior for Underwater Surfaces Using Impedance-Based Methods. Anal Chem 2011; 83:6184-90. [DOI: 10.1021/ac200650z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan C. Tuberquia
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Won S. Song
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - G. Kane Jennings
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| |
Collapse
|