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Muller J, Wedershoven HMJM, Darhuber AA. Monitoring Photochemical Reactions Using Marangoni Flows. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:3647-3658. [PMID: 28319399 PMCID: PMC5397888 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b00278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated the sensitivity and time resolution of a technique for photochemical reaction monitoring based on the interferometric detection of the deformation of liquid films. The reaction products change the local surface tension and induce Marangoni flow in the liquid film. As a model system, we consider the irradiation of the aliphatic hydrocarbon squalane with broadband deep-UV light. We developed a numerical model that quantitatively reproduces the flow patterns observed in the experiments. Moreover, we present self-similarity solutions that elucidate the mechanisms governing different stages of the dynamics and their parametric dependence. Surface tension changes as small as Δγ = 10-6 N/m can be detected, and time resolutions of <1 s can be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Muller
- Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology , Eindhoven 5600MB, The Netherlands
| | - H M J M Wedershoven
- Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology , Eindhoven 5600MB, The Netherlands
| | - A A Darhuber
- Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology , Eindhoven 5600MB, The Netherlands
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Telitel S, Telitel S, Bosson J, Lalevée J, Clément JL, Godfroy M, Fillaut JL, Akdas-Kilig H, Guillaneuf Y, Gigmes D, Soppera O. UV-Induced Micropatterning of Complex Functional Surfaces by Photopolymerization Controlled by Alkoxyamines. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:10026-10036. [PMID: 26301751 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b01681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report on the use of an alkoxyamine (AA) for fabrication of functional micropatterns with complex structures by UV mask lithography. The living character of the polymer surface and the vertical spatial control of the repolymerization reaction from few tens of nanometers to few micrometers were demonstrated. The impact of the main parameters governing the controlled polymerization and the reinitiation process activated by light or heat was investigated. Micropatterning is shown to be a powerful method to investigate the physicochemical molecular phenomena. It is possible to control the polymer microstructure thickness from few tens of nanometers to few micrometers. In the last section, some applications are provided showing the potential of the AA for generating covalently bonded hydrophilic/hydrophobic micropatterns or luminescent surfaces. This demonstrates the high versatility and interest of this route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siham Telitel
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse, CNRS UMR 7361, Université de Haute-Alsace 15 rue Jean Starcky, BP 2488, 68057 Mulhouse, Cedex, France
| | - Sofia Telitel
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse, CNRS UMR 7361, Université de Haute-Alsace 15 rue Jean Starcky, BP 2488, 68057 Mulhouse, Cedex, France
| | - Julien Bosson
- Aix-Marseille Université , CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire UMR 7273, 13397, Marseille, France
| | - Jacques Lalevée
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse, CNRS UMR 7361, Université de Haute-Alsace 15 rue Jean Starcky, BP 2488, 68057 Mulhouse, Cedex, France
| | - Jean-Louis Clément
- Aix-Marseille Université , CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire UMR 7273, 13397, Marseille, France
| | - Maxime Godfroy
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, CNRS UMR 6226, Campus de Beaulieu, 263 av. du Général Leclerc, 35042 Rennes, France
| | - Jean-Luc Fillaut
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, CNRS UMR 6226, Campus de Beaulieu, 263 av. du Général Leclerc, 35042 Rennes, France
| | - Huriye Akdas-Kilig
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, CNRS UMR 6226, Campus de Beaulieu, 263 av. du Général Leclerc, 35042 Rennes, France
| | - Yohann Guillaneuf
- Aix-Marseille Université , CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire UMR 7273, 13397, Marseille, France
| | - Didier Gigmes
- Aix-Marseille Université , CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire UMR 7273, 13397, Marseille, France
| | - Olivier Soppera
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse, CNRS UMR 7361, Université de Haute-Alsace 15 rue Jean Starcky, BP 2488, 68057 Mulhouse, Cedex, France
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Stehlin F, Bourgin Y, Spangenberg A, Jourlin Y, Parriaux O, Reynaud S, Wieder F, Soppera O. Direct nanopatterning of 100 nm metal oxide periodic structures by Deep-UV immersion lithography. OPTICS LETTERS 2012; 37:4651-4653. [PMID: 23164868 DOI: 10.1364/ol.37.004651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Deep-UV lithography using high-efficiency phase mask has been developed to print 100 nm period grating on sol-gel based thin layer. High efficiency phase mask has been designed to produce a high-contrast interferogram (periodic fringes) under water immersion conditions for 244 nm laser. The demonstration has been applied to a new developed immersion-compatible sol-gel layer. A sol-gel photoresist prepared from zirconium alkoxides caped with methacrylic acids was developed to achieve 50 nm resolution in a single step exposure. The nanostructures can be thermally annealed into ZrO(2). Such route considerably simplifies the process for elaborating nanopatterned surfaces of transition metal oxides, and opens new routes for integrating materials of interest for applications in the field of photocatalysis, photovoltaic, optics, photonics or microelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrice Stehlin
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse (IS2M), CNRS ‐ LRC 7228, Université de Haute Alsace, 15 rue Jean Starcky, Mulhouse, France
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Dirani A, Stehlin F, Dika I, Spangenberg A, Grumbach N, Gallani JL, Donnio B, Greget R, Begin-Colin S, Demortière A, Soppera O. Orienting the Demixion of a Diblock-copolymer Using 193 nm Interferometric Lithography for the Controlled Deposition of Nanoparticles. Macromol Rapid Commun 2011; 32:1627-33. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201100399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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