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Laucirica G, Toum-Terrones Y, Cayón VM, Toimil-Molares ME, Azzaroni O, Marmisollé WA. Advances in nanofluidic field-effect transistors: external voltage-controlled solid-state nanochannels for stimulus-responsive ion transport and beyond. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:10471-10493. [PMID: 38506166 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp06142f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Ion channels, intricate protein structures facilitating precise ion passage across cell membranes, are pivotal for vital cellular functions. Inspired by the remarkable capabilities of biological ion channels, the scientific community has ventured into replicating these principles in fully abiotic solid-state nanochannels (SSNs). Since the gating mechanisms of SSNs rely on variations in the physicochemical properties of the channel surface, the modification of their internal architecture and chemistry constitutes a powerful strategy to control the transport properties and, consequently, render specific functionalities. In this framework, both the design of the nanofluidic platform and the subsequent selection and attachment of different building blocks gain special attention. Similar to biological ion channels, functional SSNs offer the potential to finely modulate ion transport in response to various stimuli, leading to innovations in a variety of fields. This comprehensive review delves into the intricate world of ion transport across stimuli-responsive SSNs, focusing on the development of external voltage-controlled nanofluidic devices. This kind of field-effect nanofluidic technology has attracted special interest due to the possibility of real-time reconfiguration of the ion transport with a non-invasive strategy. These properties have found interesting applications in drug delivery, biosensing, and nanoelectronics. This document will address the fundamental principles of ion transport through SSNs and the construction, modification, and applications of external voltage-controlled SSNs. It will also address future challenges and prospects, offering a comprehensive perspective on this evolving field.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Laucirica
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET - CC 16 Suc. 4, 1900 La Plata, Argentina.
| | - Y Toum-Terrones
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET - CC 16 Suc. 4, 1900 La Plata, Argentina.
| | - V M Cayón
- Department of Materials- and Geosciences, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - M E Toimil-Molares
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Department of Materials- and Geosciences, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - O Azzaroni
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET - CC 16 Suc. 4, 1900 La Plata, Argentina.
| | - W A Marmisollé
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET - CC 16 Suc. 4, 1900 La Plata, Argentina.
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McDougall RM, Cahill HF, Power ME, MacCormack TJ, Meli MV, Rourke JL. Multiparametric cytotoxicity assessment: the effect of gold nanoparticle ligand functionalization on SKOV3 ovarian carcinoma cell death. Nanotoxicology 2022; 16:355-374. [PMID: 35787735 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2022.2095312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNP) are promising anti-cancer agents because of their modifiable properties and high biocompatibility. This study used multiple parallel analyses to investigate the cytotoxic properties of 5 nm AuNP conjugated to four different ligands with distinct surface chemistry: polyethylene glycol (PEG), trimethylammonium bromide (TMAB), 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP), and carboxyl (COOH). We used a range of biochemical and high-content microscopy methods to evaluate the metabolic function, oxidative stress, cell health, cell viability, and cell morphology in SKOV3 ovarian cancer cells. Each AuNP displayed a distinct cytotoxicity profile. All AuNP species assessed exhibited signs of dose-dependent cytotoxicity when morphology, clonogenic survival, lysosomal uptake, or cell number were measured as the marker of toxicity. All particles except for AuNP-COOH increased SKOV3 apoptosis. In contrast, AuNP-TMAB was the only particle that did not alter the metabolic function or induce significant signs of oxidative stress. These results demonstrate that AuNP surface chemistry impacts the magnitude and mechanism of SKOV3 cell death. Together, these findings reinforce the important role for multiparametric cytotoxicity characterization when considering the utility of novel particles and surface chemistries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel M McDougall
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, Sackville, Canada
| | - Hannah F Cahill
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, Sackville, Canada
| | - Madeline E Power
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, Sackville, Canada
| | - Tyson J MacCormack
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, Sackville, Canada
| | - M-Vicki Meli
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, Sackville, Canada
| | - Jillian L Rourke
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, Sackville, Canada
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Affiliation(s)
- Falk Muench
- Department of Materials and Earth Sciences Technical University of Darmstadt Alarich-Weiss-Straße 2 64287 Darmstadt Germany
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Boettcher T, Schaefer S, Antoni M, Stohr T, Kunz U, Dürrschnabel M, Molina-Luna L, Ensinger W, Muench F. Shape-Selective Electroless Plating within Expanding Template Pores: Etching-Assisted Deposition of Spiky Nickel Nanotube Networks. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:4246-4253. [PMID: 30811941 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nano-objects are favored structures for applications such as catalysis and sensing. Although they already provide a large surface-to-volume ratio, this ratio can be further increased by shape-selective plating of the nanostructure surfaces. This process combines the conformity of autocatalytic deposition with the defined nucleation and growth characteristics of colloidal nanoparticle syntheses. However, many aspects of such reactions are still not fully understood. In this study, we investigate in detail the growth of spiky nickel nanotubes in polycarbonate template membranes. One distinctive feature of our synthesis is the simultaneous growth of nanospikes on both the inside and outside of nanotubes while the tubes are still embedded in the polymer. This is achieved by combining the plating process with locally enhanced in situ etching of the poylmer template, for which we propose a theory. Electron microscopy investigations reveal twinning defects as the driving force for the growth of crystalline nanospikes. Deposit crystallinity is ensured by the reducing agent hydrazine. Iminodiacetic acid is not only used as a complexing agent during synthesis but apparently also acts as a capping agent and limits random nucleation on the spike facets. Finally, we apply our synthesis to templates with interconnected pores to obtain free-standing spiky nickel nanotube networks, demonstrating its ability to homogeneously coat substrates with extended inner surfaces and to operate in nanoscale confinement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Boettcher
- Department of Materials and Geoscience , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Straße 2 , 64287 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Sandra Schaefer
- Department of Materials and Geoscience , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Straße 2 , 64287 Darmstadt , Germany
- CEST Kompetenzzentrum für elektrochemische Oberflächentechnologie GmbH , Viktor-Kaplan-Straße 2 , 2700 Wiener Neustadt , Austria
| | - Markus Antoni
- Department of Materials and Geoscience , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Straße 2 , 64287 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Tobias Stohr
- Department of Materials and Geoscience , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Straße 2 , 64287 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Ulrike Kunz
- Department of Materials and Geoscience , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Straße 2 , 64287 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Michael Dürrschnabel
- Department of Materials and Geoscience , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Straße 2 , 64287 Darmstadt , Germany
- Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) , Institut für Angewandte Materialien , Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 , 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen , Germany
| | - Leopoldo Molina-Luna
- Department of Materials and Geoscience , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Straße 2 , 64287 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Wolfgang Ensinger
- Department of Materials and Geoscience , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Straße 2 , 64287 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Falk Muench
- Department of Materials and Geoscience , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Straße 2 , 64287 Darmstadt , Germany
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Abstract
Combining 1D metal nanotubes and nanowires into cross-linked 2D and 3D architectures represents an attractive design strategy for creating tailored unsupported catalysts. Such materials complement the functionality and high surface area of the nanoscale building blocks with the stability, continuous conduction pathways, efficient mass transfer, and convenient handling of a free-standing, interconnected, open-porous superstructure. This review summarizes synthetic approaches toward metal nano-networks of varying dimensionality, including the assembly of colloidal 1D nanostructures, the buildup of nanofibrous networks by electrospinning, and direct, template-assisted deposition methods. It is outlined how the nanostructure, porosity, network architecture, and composition of such materials can be tuned by the fabrication conditions and additional processing steps. Finally, it is shown how these synthetic tools can be employed for designing and optimizing self-supported metal nano-networks for application in electrocatalysis and related fields.
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Muench F, Schaefer S, Hagelüken L, Molina-Luna L, Duerrschnabel M, Kleebe HJ, Brötz J, Vaskevich A, Rubinstein I, Ensinger W. Template-Free Electroless Plating of Gold Nanowires: Direct Surface Functionalization with Shape-Selective Nanostructures for Electrochemical Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:31142-31152. [PMID: 28825459 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b09398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Metal nanowires (NWs) represent a prominent nanomaterial class, the interest in which is fueled by their tunable properties as well as their excellent performance in, for example, sensing, catalysis, and plasmonics. Synthetic approaches to obtain metal NWs mostly produce colloids or rely on templates. Integrating such nanowires into devices necessitates additional fabrication steps, such as template removal, nanostructure purification, or attachment. Here, we describe the development of a facile electroless plating protocol for the direct deposition of gold nanowire films, requiring neither templates nor complex instrumentation. The method is general, producing three-dimensional nanowire structures on substrates of varying shape and composition, with different seed types. The aqueous plating bath is prepared by ligand exchange and partial reduction of tetrachloroauric acid in the presence of 4-dimethylaminopyridine and formaldehyde. Gold deposition proceeds by nucleation of new grains on existing nanostructure tips and thus selectively produces curvy, polycrystalline nanowires of high aspect ratio. The nanofabrication potential of this method is demonstrated by producing a sensor electrode, whose performance is comparable to that of known nanostructures and discussed in terms of the catalyst architecture. Due to its flexibility and simplicity, shape-selective electroless plating is a promising new tool for functionalizing surfaces with anisotropic metal nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Falk Muench
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science , Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Sandra Schaefer
- Department of Materials and Earth Sciences, Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Straße 2, Darmstadt 64287, Germany
| | - Lorenz Hagelüken
- Department of Materials and Earth Sciences, Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Straße 2, Darmstadt 64287, Germany
| | - Leopoldo Molina-Luna
- Department of Materials and Earth Sciences, Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Straße 2, Darmstadt 64287, Germany
| | - Michael Duerrschnabel
- Department of Materials and Earth Sciences, Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Straße 2, Darmstadt 64287, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Kleebe
- Department of Materials and Earth Sciences, Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Straße 2, Darmstadt 64287, Germany
| | - Joachim Brötz
- Department of Materials and Earth Sciences, Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Straße 2, Darmstadt 64287, Germany
| | - Alexander Vaskevich
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science , Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Israel Rubinstein
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science , Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Wolfgang Ensinger
- Department of Materials and Earth Sciences, Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Straße 2, Darmstadt 64287, Germany
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Muench F, Hussein L, Stohr T, Kunz U, Ayata S, Gärtner I, Kleebe HJ, Ensinger W. Templated synthesis of pure and bimetallic gold/platinum nanotubes using complementary seeding and plating reactions. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2016.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Zhou Y, Zeng HC. Transition-Metal-Ions-Induced Coalescence: Stitching Au Nanoclusters into Tubular Au-Based Nanocomposites. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2016; 12:2652-2664. [PMID: 27059643 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201503881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Revised: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Rod-shaped assemblages of Au nanoclusters (AuNCs) can serve as self-templating solid precursors to produce tubular Au-based nanocomposites via the coalescence induced by transition metal ions. Specifically, when the AuNC assemblages react with transition metal ions with relatively high standard oxidation potentials such as Cu(II), Ag(I), Pd(II), and Au(III), a series of polycrystalline and ultrathin Au and Aux My (where M = Cu, Ag, and Pd) alloy hollow nanorods (HNRs) can be obtained with further reduction; these metallic products are evaluated for electrooxidation of methanol. Alternatively, the above transition metal ions-induced transformations can also be carried out after coating the AuNC assemblages with a layer of mesoporous SiO2 (mSiO2 ), giving rise to many mSiO2 -coated Au-based HNRs. Onto the formed AuPd0.18 alloy HNRs, furthermore, a range of transition metal oxides such as TiO2 , Co3 O4, and Cu2 O nanocrystals can be deposited easily to prepare metal oxide-AuPd0.18 HNRs nanocomposites, which can be used as photocatalysts. Compared with those conventional galvanic replacement reactions, the controlled coalescence of AuNCs induced by transition metal ions provides a novel and efficient chemical approach with improved element efficiency to tubular Au-based nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zhou
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, 10 Kent Ridge Crescent, Singapore, 119260, Singapore
| | - Hua Chun Zeng
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, 10 Kent Ridge Crescent, Singapore, 119260, Singapore
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Podolan G, Jungk P, Lentz D, Zimmer R, Reissig HU. Studies on the Synthesis of Specifically Fluorinated 4-Amino- pyridine Derivatives by Regioselective Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution and Catalytic Hydrodefluorination. Adv Synth Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201500393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Muench F, De Carolis DM, Felix EM, Brötz J, Kunz U, Kleebe HJ, Ayata S, Trautmann C, Ensinger W. Self-Supporting Metal Nanotube Networks Obtained by Highly Conformal Electroless Plating. Chempluschem 2015; 80:1448-1456. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201500073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Anisotropic Gold Nanoparticles: Preparation, Properties, and Applications. ANISOTROPIC NANOMATERIALS 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-18293-3_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Muench F, Kunz U, Wardenga HF, Kleebe HJ, Ensinger W. Metal nanotubes and nanowires with rhombohedral cross-section electrolessly deposited in mica templates. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:10878-10885. [PMID: 25148479 DOI: 10.1021/la5012956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Electroless plating is a facile wet-chemical process for the creation of metal thin films on arbitrary substrates, which can be used to produce intricate nanomaterials. In this study, we demonstrate how nanotubes and nanowires can be electrolessly deposited in the rhombohedral pores of ion-track etched muscovite mica templates. Mutual optimization of the activation and plating reactions proved to be essential for the fabrication of well-defined nanostructures of an aspect ratio (length-to-diameter) of up to approximately 70. By repeating the activation procedure utilizing the redox couple Sn(II) and Ag(I), a high density of Ag nanoparticle seeds could be deposited on the template surface, which was required to initiate metal film nucleation with nanoscale homogeneity. Furthermore, it was necessary to adapt the plating reaction to ensure sufficient diffusion of the reagents into the depth of the template pores. To prove the flexibility of the process and to evaluate the effect of the intrinsic film morphology on the shape of the resulting nanostructures, three different plating reactions were applied (Ag, Au, Pt). If the size of the deposited metal particles approached the dimension of the template pores, only wire-like structures of moderate shape conformity were obtained. Electroless plating protocols which yield homogeneous deposits consisting of small nanoparticles allowed exact replication of the pore shape. Under consideration of the above-mentioned requirements, electroless plating displays an effective and versatile route toward the fabrication of parallel arrays of angular metal nanotubes and nanowires in the chemically and thermally robust mica templates. By simply immersing the templates in aqueous plating solutions for an appropriate time, well-defined metal nanomaterials for application in, for example, plasmonics, catalysis, or molecular separation are obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Falk Muench
- TU Darmstadt , Department of Materials and Geoscience, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 2, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
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Nasir S, Ali M, Ramirez P, Gómez V, Oschmann B, Muench F, Tahir MN, Zentel R, Mafe S, Ensinger W. Fabrication of single cylindrical Au-coated nanopores with non-homogeneous fixed charge distribution exhibiting high current rectifications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:12486-12494. [PMID: 25051046 DOI: 10.1021/am502419j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We designed and characterized a cylindrical nanopore that exhibits high electrochemical current rectification ratios at low and intermediate electrolyte concentrations. For this purpose, the track-etched single cylindrical nanopore in polymer membrane was coated with a gold (Au) layer via electroless plating technique. Then, a non-homogeneous fixed charge distribution inside the Au-coated nanopore was obtained by incorporating thiol-terminated uncharged poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) chains in series to poly(4-vinylpyridine) chains, which were positively charged at acidic pH values. The functionalization reaction was checked by measuring the current-voltage curves prior to and after the chemisorption of polymer chains. The experimental nanopore characterization included the effects of temperature, adsorption of chloride ions, electrolyte concentration, and pH of the external solutions. The results obtained are further explained in terms of a theoretical continuous model. The combination of well-established chemical procedures (thiol and self-assembled monolayer formation chemistry, electroless plating, ion track etching) and physical models (two-region pore and Nernst-Planck equations) permits the obtainment of a new nanopore with high current rectification ratios. The single pore could be scaled up to multipore membranes of potential interest for pH sensing and chemical actuators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saima Nasir
- Department of Material- and Geo-Sciences, Materials Analysis, Technische Universität Darmstadt , D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
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Li N, Zhao P, Astruc D. Anisotrope Gold-Nanopartikel: Synthese, Eigenschaften, Anwendungen und Toxizität. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201300441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Li N, Zhao P, Astruc D. Anisotropic Gold Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Properties, Applications, and Toxicity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:1756-89. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201300441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 691] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2013] [Revised: 03/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Felix EM, Muench F, Ensinger W. Green plating of high aspect ratio gold nanotubes and their morphology-dependent performance in enzyme-free peroxide sensing. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra03377a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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Bridges CR, Schon TB, DiCarmine PM, Seferos DS. Template directed synthesis of plasmonic gold nanotubes with tunable IR absorbance. J Vis Exp 2013. [PMID: 23609492 DOI: 10.3791/50420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A nearly parallel array of pores can be produced by anodizing aluminum foils in acidic environments. Applications of anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) membranes have been under development since the 1990's and have become a common method to template the synthesis of high aspect ratio nanostructures, mostly by electrochemical growth or pore-wetting. Recently, these membranes have become commercially available in a wide range of pore sizes and densities, leading to an extensive library of functional nanostructures being synthesized from AAO membranes. These include composite nanorods, nanowires and nanotubes made of metals, inorganic materials or polymers. Nanoporous membranes have been used to synthesize nanoparticle and nanotube arrays that perform well as refractive index sensors, plasmonic biosensors, or surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrates, as well as a wide range of other fields such as photo-thermal heating, permselective transport, catalysis, microfluidics, and electrochemical sensing. Here, we report a novel procedure to prepare gold nanotubes in AAO membranes. Hollow nanostructures have potential application in plasmonic and SERS sensing, and we anticipate these gold nanotubes will allow for high sensitivity and strong plasmon signals, arising from decreased material dampening.
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Vivek J, Burgess IJ. Crystallographic dependence of 4-dimethylaminopyridine electrosorption on gold. Electrochim Acta 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2012.10.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Muench F, Fuchs A, Mankel E, Rauber M, Lauterbach S, Kleebe HJ, Ensinger W. Synthesis of nanoparticle/ligand composite thin films by sequential ligand self assembly and surface complex reduction. J Colloid Interface Sci 2012; 389:23-30. [PMID: 23062961 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2012.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2012] [Revised: 08/03/2012] [Accepted: 09/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Nanocomposite thin films consisting of ligand-connected metal nanoparticles were deposited by iteration of ligand assembly, surface complex formation and reduction. This novel and convenient approach combines characteristics of the layer-by-layer (LbL) and the successive ion layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) techniques. In contrast to classical LbL assembly, the nanoparticle formation is performed in situ, avoiding separate reduction, protection and attachment steps. To demonstrate the versatility of the approach, different metal precursors (Pd, Ag and Au salts) and linkers (1,2-ethanedithiol, 1,4-benzenedithiol and polythiol) were applied. The formation of dithiol-linked nanoparticle films was confirmed by TEM and XPS. By combining the deposition protocol with ion track etched polycarbonate templates, nanotubes and nanowires with high aspect ratios of up to 300 could be fabricated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Falk Muench
- Department of Materials and Geoscience, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany.
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Deposition of Nanofilms inside a Polymer Template:Formation of Metal Nanotubes. E-JOURNAL OF SURFACE SCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 2012. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2012.578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Yao Y, Xue M, Chi X, Ma Y, He J, Abliz Z, Huang F. A new water-soluble pillar[5]arene: synthesis and application in the preparation of gold nanoparticles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:6505-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc31962d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Muench F, Rauber M, Stegmann C, Lauterbach S, Kunz U, Kleebe HJ, Ensinger W. Ligand-optimized electroless synthesis of silver nanotubes and their activity in the reduction of 4-nitrophenol. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2011; 22:415602. [PMID: 21914939 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/22/41/415602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A facile electroless plating procedure for the controlled synthesis of nanoscale silver thin films and derived structures such as silver nanotubes was developed and the products were characterized by SEM, TEM and EDS. The highly stable plating baths consist of AgNO(3) as the metal source, a suitable ligand and tartrate as an environmentally benign reducing agent. Next to the variation of the coordinative environment of the oxidizing component, the influence of the pH value was evaluated. These two governing factors strongly affect the plating rate and the morphology of the developing silver nanoparticle films and can be used to adapt the reaction to synthetic demands. The refined electroless deposition allows the fabrication of homogeneous high aspect-ratio nanotubes in ion track etched polycarbonate. Template-embedded metal nanotubes can be interpreted as parallelled microreactors. Following this concept, both the silver nanotubes and spongy gold nanotubes obtained by the use of the silver structures as sacrificial templates were applied in the reduction of 4-nitrophenol by sodium borohydride, proving to be extraordinarily effective catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Falk Muench
- Department of Materials and Geoscience, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany.
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