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Yamaoka K, Yamada NL, Hori K, Fujii Y, Torikai N. Interfacial Selective Study on the Gelation Behavior of Aqueous Methylcellulose Solution via a Quartz Crystal Microbalance. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:4494-4502. [PMID: 35377665 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c02728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
It is important to understand the interfacial structure and physical properties of a polymer material to improve its function. In this study, we used a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) and neutron reflectivity (NR) measurements to evaluate the viscoelasticity and structure of an aqueous methylcellulose solution near the gold interface. The apparent shear modulus, which was calculated from the complex frequency, was used to assess gelation behavior. The apparent shear modulus determined via the QCM suggested high-frequency rheological properties that reflected the relaxation of skeletal stretching and rotational motion of polymer segments, as well as cooperative motion of the various functional groups. The gelation temperature was found to be lowered at the interface in comparison with that of the bulk. It is suggested that the QCM can evaluate the shear modulus accompanying the gelation near the interface. The interfacial segregation on the gold substrate caused by the surface free energy and long-range van der Waals interaction was observed from NR measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Yamaoka
- Department of Chemistry for Materials, Graduate School of Engineering, Mie University, 1577 Kurimamachiya-cho, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Norifumi L Yamada
- Institute for Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, 203-1 Shirakata, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1106, Japan
| | - Koichiro Hori
- Neutron Science Laboratory, Institute for Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, 203-1 Shirakata, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1106, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Fujii
- Department of Chemistry for Materials, Graduate School of Engineering, Mie University, 1577 Kurimamachiya-cho, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Naoya Torikai
- Department of Chemistry for Materials, Graduate School of Engineering, Mie University, 1577 Kurimamachiya-cho, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
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2
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Gagnon YJ, Burton JC, Roth CB. Physically intuitive continuum mechanics model for quartz crystal microbalance: Viscoelasticity of rubbery polymers at
MHz
frequencies. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Connie B. Roth
- Department of Physics Emory University Atlanta Georgia USA
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3
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Coating-Based Quartz Crystal Microbalance Detection Methods of Environmentally Relevant Volatile Organic Compounds. CHEMOSENSORS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors9070153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that evaporate under standard atmospheric conditions are of growing concern. This is because it is well established that VOCs represent major contamination risks since release of these compounds into the atmosphere can contribute to global warming, and thus, can also be detrimental to the overall health of worldwide populations including plants, animals, and humans. Consequently, the detection, discrimination, and quantification of VOCs have become highly relevant areas of research over the past few decades. One method that has been and continues to be creatively developed for analyses of VOCs is the Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM). In this review, we summarize and analyze applications of QCM devices for the development of sensor arrays aimed at the detection of environmentally relevant VOCs. Herein, we also summarize applications of a variety of coatings, e.g., polymers, macrocycles, and ionic liquids that have been used and reported in the literature for surface modification in order to enhance sensing and selective detection of VOCs using quartz crystal resonators (QCRs) and thus QCM. In this review, we also summarize novel electronic systems that have been developed for improved QCM measurements.
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4
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Bilchak CR, Huang Y, Benicewicz BC, Durning CJ, Kumar SK. High-Frequency Mechanical Behavior of Pure Polymer-Grafted Nanoparticle Constructs. ACS Macro Lett 2019; 8:294-298. [PMID: 35650831 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.8b00981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Polymer-grafted nanoparticle (GNP) membranes show increased gas permeability relative to pure polymer analogs, with this effect evidently tunable through systematic variations in the grafted polymer chain length and grafting density. Additionally, these materials show less deleterious aging effects relative to the pure polymer. To better understand these issues, we explore the solid-state mechanical properties of GNP layers using quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) spectroscopy, which operates under conditions (≈5 MHz) that we believe are relevant to gas transport. The GNP's high-frequency storage moduli exhibit a characteristic increase with increasing nanoparticle (NP) core loading, consistent with past work on the reinforcement of polymers physically well mixed with bare NPs. However, these GNPs show a substantial, nonmonotonic decrease in loss as a function of chain length (at fixed grafting density), with the loss minimum corresponding to the chain length with the maximum gas permeability. We speculate that this feature corresponds to a dynamical transition, where the GNP membranes go from a jammed solid (colloid-like) to liquid-like (polymer-controlled) behavior with increasing chain length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor R. Bilchak
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Yucheng Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29201, United States
| | - Brian C. Benicewicz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29201, United States
| | - Christopher J Durning
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Sanat K. Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
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5
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Yeh CJ, Hu M, Shull KR. Oxygen Inhibition of Radical Polymerizations Investigated with the Rheometric Quartz Crystal Microbalance. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Joshua Yeh
- Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, 2220 Campus Drive, Room 2036, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Michael Hu
- Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, 2220 Campus Drive, Room 2036, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Kenneth R. Shull
- Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, 2220 Campus Drive, Room 2036, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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6
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Quartz crystal microbalance as a device to measure the yield stress of colloidal suspensions. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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7
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Humidity-Induced Phase Transitions of Surfactants Embedded in Latex Coatings Can Drastically Alter Their Water Barrier and Mechanical Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:polym10030284. [PMID: 30966319 PMCID: PMC6415026 DOI: 10.3390/polym10030284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Latex coatings are environmentally friendly i.e., they are formed from aqueous polymer dispersions, are cheap to produce and provide exceptional mechanical properties. Therefore, they are ubiquitous and can be found in a wide range of different applications such as paints and varnishes, pressure-sensitive adhesives, textiles, construction materials, paper coatings and inks. However, they also have weaknesses and their surfactant content is among them. Surfactants are often needed to stabilize polymer particles in the aqueous latex dispersions. These surfactants also form part of the coatings formed from these dispersions, and it is well-known that they can lower their performance. This work further explores this aspect and focuses on the role that embedded surfactant domains play in the response of latex coatings to humid environments. For this purpose, we made use of several experimental techniques where humidity control was implemented: quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation, atomic force microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. By means of this multimethodological approach, we report that surfactants embedded in latex coatings can undergo humidity-induced transitions towards more hydrated and softer phases, and that this results in a drastic decrease of the mechanical and water barrier properties of the whole coatings. Subsequently, this work highlights the potential of taking into account the phase behavior of surfactants when choosing which ones to use in the synthesis of latex dispersions as this would help in predicting their performance under different environmental conditions.
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Abadian PN, Buch PJ, Goluch ED, Li J, Zhang Z. Real-Time Monitoring of Urinary Encrustation Using a Quartz Crystal Microbalance. Anal Chem 2018; 90:1531-1535. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b04047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jun Li
- Global
Advanced Engineering, Teleflex Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Global
Advanced Engineering, Teleflex Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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9
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Sakti S, Khusnah N, Santjojo D, Masruroh, Sabarudin A. Surface Modification of Polystyrene Coating on QCM Sensor using Ambient Air Plasma at Low Pressure. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2018.04.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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10
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Tang X, Fang J, Du X, Zhu D. Probing the viscoelastic moduli of thin, soft films with a quartz crystal resonator. J Appl Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/app.44532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and ElectronicsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026 China
- Department of Modern PhysicsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026 China
| | - Jiajie Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and ElectronicsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026 China
- Department of Modern PhysicsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026 China
| | - Xianbin Du
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and ElectronicsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026 China
- Department of Modern PhysicsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026 China
| | - Da‐Ming Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and ElectronicsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026 China
- Department of Modern PhysicsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026 China
- Department of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of Missouri–Kansas CityKansas City Missouri64110
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11
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Guan D, Barraud C, Charlaix E, Tong P. Noncontact Viscoelastic Measurement of Polymer Thin Films in a Liquid Medium Using Long-Needle Atomic Force Microscopy. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:1385-1390. [PMID: 28094528 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b04066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We report the noncontact measurement of the viscoelastic property of polymer thin films in a liquid medium using frequency-modulation atomic force microscopy with a newly developed long-needle probe. The probe contains a long vertical glass fiber with one end adhered to a cantilever beam and the other end with a sharp tip placed near the liquid-film interface. The nanoscale flow generated by the resonant oscillation of the needle tip provides a precise hydrodynamic force acting on the soft surface of the thin film. By accurately measuring the mechanical response of the thin film, we obtain the elastic and loss moduli of the thin film using the linear response theory of elastohydrodynamics. The experiment verifies the theory and demonstrates its applications. The technique can be used to accurately measure the viscoelastic property of soft surfaces, such as those made of polymers, nanobubbles, live cells, and tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongshi Guan
- Department of Physics, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Chloé Barraud
- LIPHY, Université Grenoble Alpes , F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | - Penger Tong
- Department of Physics, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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12
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Sturdy LF, Yee A, Casadio F, Shull KR. Quantitative characterization of alkyd cure kinetics with the quartz crystal microbalance. POLYMER 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.09.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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13
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Martin EJ, Sadman K, Shull KR. Anodic Electrodeposition of a Cationic Polyelectrolyte in the Presence of Multivalent Anions. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:7747-7756. [PMID: 27419476 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b01536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) was used to investigate the deposition of poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) with molybdate anions under anodic conditions. The PAH-molybdate complex was used as a model system to understand possible deposition criteria which may be relevant to the formation of proteinaceous films on CoCrMo hip implants. Data indicate that PAH deposition will occur above ∼0.60 V vs SCE if molybdate anions are present in the electrolyte above a critical concentration, and if the polymer concentration remains below a critical value. Numerical modeling and dynamic light scattering (DLS) studies were performed to understand the conditions that enable deposition to occur at these potentials. The results indicate that PAH-molybdate complexes form most efficiently when the polyvalent positive charge and polyvalent negative charge in the system are in an optimum range with respect to each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth J Martin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Kazi Sadman
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Kenneth R Shull
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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14
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Martin EJ, Mathew MT, Shull KR. Viscoelastic properties of electrochemically deposited protein/metal complexes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:4008-4017. [PMID: 25780816 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b00169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The interfacial gelation of proteins at metallic surfaces was investigated with an electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). When Cr electrodes were corroded in proteinaceous solutions, it was found that gels will form at the Cr surfaces if molybdate ions are also present in the solution. Gelation is reversible and can also be controlled with the electrochemical potential at the electrode. Further, a method was developed to characterize the viscoelastic properties of thin films in liquid media using the QCM as a high-frequency rheometer. By measuring the frequency and dissipation at multiple harmonics of the resonance frequency, the viscoelastic phase angle, density-modulus product, and areal mass of a film can be determined. The method was applied to characterize the protein films, demonstrating that they have a phase angle near 55° and a density-modulus product of ≈10(7) Pa·g/cm(3). Data imply that the gels are composed of a weakly cross-linked proteinaceous network with properties similar to albumin solutions with concentrations in the range of ≈40 wt %.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth J Martin
- †Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Mathew T Mathew
- ‡Department of Orthopedics, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Kenneth R Shull
- †Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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15
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Sturdy L, Casadio F, Kokkori M, Muir K, Shull KR. Quartz crystal rheometry: A quantitative technique for studying curing and aging in artists' paints. Polym Degrad Stab 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2014.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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16
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DeNolf GC, Sturdy LF, Shull KR. High-frequency rheological characterization of homogeneous polymer films with the quartz crystal microbalance. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:9731-9740. [PMID: 25019936 DOI: 10.1021/la502090a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We utilize quartz crystal resonators operating at multiple resonant harmonics to measure the high-frequency rheological properties of materials with a broad range of viscoelastic properties. The technique is demonstrated with poly(t-butyl acrylate) films in the vicinity of the calorimetrically determined glass transition and with rubbery polyisoprene films. The technique is a noncontact technique that can be used to quantify the temperature or time-dependent viscoelastic response in homogeneous films with thicknesses in the micrometer range. This work complements the ability of the resonators to quantify the viscoelastic behavior of viscoelastic polymer solutions and simple Newtonian liquids. For each material we obtain the density-shear modulus product and the viscoelastic phase angle at frequencies of 5 and 15 MHz. A standardized analysis protocol is described that enables this information to be obtained reliably and accurately. The polyisoprene data are found to be in good agreement with measurements obtained by dynamic mechanical analysis using extrapolated temperature shift factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garret C DeNolf
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208-3108, United States
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17
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Rodrigues RMM, de-Carvalho J, Ferreira GNM. Kinetic characterization of the retinoic X receptor binding to specific and unspecific DNA oligoduplexes with a quartz crystal microbalance. Analyst 2014; 139:3434-40. [PMID: 24824382 DOI: 10.1039/c4an00286e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) biosensor technology was used to study the interaction of the DNA-binding domain (DBD) of the transcription factor RXRα with immobilized specific (DR1) and unspecific (DR1neg) DNA oligoduplexes. We identify the QCM sensor frequency at the susceptance minimum (fBmin) as a better measuring parameter, and we show that fBmin is proportional to the mass adsorbed at the sensor surface and is not influenced by interferences coming from viscoelastic variations of the adsorbed layers or buffers. This parameter was used to study the binding of RXRα to DNA and to calculate the association and dissociation kinetic constants of RXRαDBD-DR1 interaction. We show that RXRαDBD binds to DNA both as a monomer and as a homodimer, and that the mechanism of binding is salt dependent and occurs in two steps. The QCM biosensor data reveal that a high ionic strength buffer prevents the unspecific interactions and at a lower ionic strength the dissociation of RXRαDBD-DR1 occurs in two phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rogério M M Rodrigues
- IBB-Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centro de Biomedicina Molecular e Estrutural, Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.
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Martin EJ, Pourzal R, Mathew MT, Shull KR. Dominant role of molybdenum in the electrochemical deposition of biological macromolecules on metallic surfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:4813-4822. [PMID: 23550942 PMCID: PMC4067157 DOI: 10.1021/la304046q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2012] [Revised: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The corrosion of CoCrMo, an alloy frequently used in orthopedic implants, was studied with an electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) in three physiologically relevant solutions. Mass changes were measured during potentiodynamic tests, showing material deposition in protein solutions at potential levels that caused mass loss when the proteins were not present. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) data indicated that the deposited material was primarily organic and therefore was most likely derived from proteins in the electrolyte. Material deposition consistently occurred at a critical potential and was not dependent on the current density or total charge released into solution. Corrosion studies on pure Co, Cr, and Mo in protein solutions found material deposition only on Mo. We hypothesize that organic deposition results from the interaction of Mo(VI) with proteins in the surrounding solution. The organic layer is reminiscent of tribochemical reaction layers that form on the surface of CoCrMo hip bearings, suggesting that these types of layers can be formed by purely electrochemical means.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth J Martin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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