1
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Han M, Oleynik II, Liu M, Ma Y, Oleynik IV, Solan GA, Liang T, Sun W. Ring size enlargement in an
ortho
‐cycloalkyl‐substituted bis(imino)pyridine‐cobalt ethylene polymerization catalyst and its impact on performance and polymer properties. Appl Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Han
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Ivan I. Oleynik
- Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry Novosibirsk Russia
| | - Ming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Yanping Ma
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Irina V. Oleynik
- Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry Novosibirsk Russia
| | - Gregory A. Solan
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester University Road Leicester UK
| | - Tongling Liang
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Wen‐Hua Sun
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou China
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2
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Loudy CM, Chasvised S, Paybou C, Courrèges C, Allouche J, Martinez H, Bousquet A, Billon L. Revealing surface functionalities via microwave for the para-fluoro-Thiol click reaction. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.122675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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3
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Reaction of “unreactive” silicone: synthesis of long-chain alkyl fluorosilicone via a simple siloxane equilibration process. Polym Bull (Berl) 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-019-02883-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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4
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Squillace O, Fong R, Shepherd O, Hind J, Tellam J, Steinke NJ, Thompson RL. Influence of PVAc/PVA Hydrolysis on Additive Surface Activity. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12010205. [PMID: 31947559 PMCID: PMC7023474 DOI: 10.3390/polym12010205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This aims to establish design rules for the influence of complex polymer matrices on the surface properties of small molecules. Here, we consider the dependence of the surface behaviour of some model additives on polymer matrix hydrophobicity. With stoichiometric control over hydrolysis, we generate systematic changes in matrix chemistry from non-polar, hydrophobic PVAc to its hydrolysed and hydrophilic analogue, PVA. With the changing degree of hydrolysis (DH), the behaviour of additives can be switched in terms of compatibility and surface activity. Sorbitol, a polar sugar-alcohol of inherently high surface energy, blooms to the surface of PVAc, forming patchy domains on surfaces. With the increasing DH of the polymer matrix, its surface segregation decreases to the point where sorbitol acts as a homogeneously distributed plasticiser in PVA. Conversely, and despite its low surface energy, octanoic acid (OA) surprisingly causes the increased wettability of PVAc. We attribute these observations to the high compatibility of OA with PVAc and its ability to reorient upon exposure to water, presenting a hydrophilic COOH-rich surface. The surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) does not show such a clear dependence on the matrix and formed wetting layers over a wide range of DH. Interestingly, SDS appears to be most compatible with PVAc at intermediate DH, which is consistent with the amphiphilic nature of both species under these conditions. Thus, we show that the prediction of the segregation is not simple and depends on multiple factors including hydrophobicity, compatibility, blockiness, surface energy, and the mobility of the components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ophélie Squillace
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Stockton Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK; (R.F.); (O.S.); (R.L.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44(0)-7999-284328
| | - Rebecca Fong
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Stockton Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK; (R.F.); (O.S.); (R.L.T.)
| | - Oliver Shepherd
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Stockton Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK; (R.F.); (O.S.); (R.L.T.)
| | - Jasmine Hind
- STFC ISIS Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratories, Chilton, Didcot OX11 0QX, UK; (J.H.); (J.T.); (N.-J.S.)
| | - James Tellam
- STFC ISIS Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratories, Chilton, Didcot OX11 0QX, UK; (J.H.); (J.T.); (N.-J.S.)
| | - Nina-Juliane Steinke
- STFC ISIS Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratories, Chilton, Didcot OX11 0QX, UK; (J.H.); (J.T.); (N.-J.S.)
| | - Richard L. Thompson
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Stockton Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK; (R.F.); (O.S.); (R.L.T.)
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5
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Abstract
Herein, low-density polyethylene (LDPE) films were treated using radio-frequency plasma discharge in the presence of air, nitrogen, oxygen, argon, and their mixtures to introduce new chemical functionalities. The surface properties of treated LDPE were qualitatively and quantitatively characterized using various analytical and microscopic techniques. It was found that the optimum plasma treatment for LDPE occurs in the presence of air plasma at an exposure time of 120 s and 80 W of nominal power. The plasma formed layer had tendency to increasing thickness with increasing treatment time up to 60 s using air and oxygen and even more with inert gases. An aging study of plasma-treated LDPE samples stored in ambient air or water medium revealed the partial hydrophobic recovery.
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6
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Demir T, Wei L, Nitta N, Yushin G, Brown PJ, Luzinov I. Toward a Long-Chain Perfluoroalkyl Replacement: Water and Oil Repellency of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) Films Modified with Perfluoropolyether-Based Polyesters. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:24318-24330. [PMID: 28658580 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b05799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Original perfluoropolyethers (PFPE)-based oligomeric polyesters (FOPs) of different macromolecular architecture were synthesized via polycondensation as low surface energy additives to engineering thermoplastics. The oligomers do not contain long-chain perfluoroalkyl segments, which are known to yield environmentally unsafe perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids. To improve the compatibility of the materials with polyethylene terephthalate (PET) we introduced isophthalate segments into the polyesters and targeted the synthesis of lower molecular weight oligomeric macromolecules. The surface properties such as morphology, composition, and wettability of PET/FOP films fabricated from solution were investigated using atomic force microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and contact angle measurements. It was demonstrated that FOPs, when added to PET film, readily migrate to the film surface and bring significant water and oil repellency to the thermoplastic boundary. We have established that the wettability of PET/FOP films depends on three main parameters: (i) end-groups of fluorinated polyesters, (ii) the concentration of fluorinated polyesters in the films, and (iii) equilibration via annealing. The most effective water/oil repellency FOP has two C4F9-PFPE-tails. The addition of this oligomeric polyester to PET allows (even at relatively low concentrations) reaching a level of oil repellency and surface energy comparable to that of polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE/Teflon). Therefore, the materials can be considered suitable replacements for additives containing long-chain perfluoroalkyl substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tugba Demir
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Clemson University , Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Liying Wei
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Clemson University , Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Naoki Nitta
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Gleb Yushin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Philip J Brown
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Clemson University , Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Igor Luzinov
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Clemson University , Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
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7
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Sabattié EFD, Tasche J, Wilson MR, Skoda MWA, Hughes A, Lindner T, Thompson RL. Predicting oligomer/polymer compatibility and the impact on nanoscale segregation in thin films. SOFT MATTER 2017; 13:3580-3591. [PMID: 28443905 DOI: 10.1039/c7sm00048k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Compatibility between oligomers and polymers was systematically assessed using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and was correlated with similarity in saturation and solubility parameter. These measurements enabled validation of detailed volume of mixing calculations using Statistical Association Fluid Theory (SAFT-γ Mie) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, which can be used to predict behaviour beyond the experimentally accessible conditions. These simulations confirmed that squalane is somewhat more compatible with poly(isoprene), "PI" than poly(butadiene), "PB", and further enabled prediction of the temperature dependence of compatibility. Surface and interfacial segregation of a series of deuterated oligomers was quantified in rubbery polymer films: PI, PB and hydrogenated poly(isoprene) "hPI". A striking correlation was established between surface wetting transition and mixtures of low compatibility, such as oligo-dIB in PB or PI. Segregation was quantified normal to the surface by ion beam analysis and neutron reflectometry and in some cases lateral segregation was observable by AFM. While surface segregation is driven by disparity in molecular weight in highly compatible systems this trend reverses as critical point is approached, and surface segregation increases with increasing oligomer molecular weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise F D Sabattié
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Science Site, Durham DH1 3LE, UK. and Procter & Gamble, German Innovation Center (GIC), Sulzbacher Str. 40-50, 65824, Schwalbach am Taunus, Germany
| | - Jos Tasche
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Science Site, Durham DH1 3LE, UK.
| | - Mark R Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Science Site, Durham DH1 3LE, UK.
| | - Maximilian W A Skoda
- STFC ISIS Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratories, Chilton, Didcot, OX110QX, UK
| | - Arwel Hughes
- STFC ISIS Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratories, Chilton, Didcot, OX110QX, UK
| | - Torsten Lindner
- Procter & Gamble, German Innovation Center (GIC), Sulzbacher Str. 40-50, 65824, Schwalbach am Taunus, Germany
| | - Richard L Thompson
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Science Site, Durham DH1 3LE, UK.
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8
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Briddick A, Li P, Hughes A, Courchay F, Martinez A, Thompson RL. Surfactant and Plasticizer Segregation in Thin Poly(vinyl alcohol) Films. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:864-872. [PMID: 26717264 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b03758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The vertical depth distributions of individual additive components [cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), deuterated pentaethylene glycol monododecyl ether (d25-C12E5), and deuterated glycerol (d-glycerol)] in PVA films have been isolated and explored by ion beam analysis techniques and neutron reflectometry. The additives display an unexpectedly rich variety of surface and interfacial behaviors in spin-cast films. In separate binary films with PVA, both d-glycerol and CTAB were evenly distributed, whereas d25-C12E5 showed clear evidence for surface and interfacial segregation. The behavior of each surfactant in PVA was reversed when the plasticizer (glycerol) was also incorporated into the films. With increasing plasticizer content, the surface activity of d25-C12E5 systematically decreased, but remarkably, when glycerol and CTAB were present in PVA, the surface and interfacial activities of CTAB increased dramatically in the presence of glycerol. Quantification of the surface excess by ion beam analysis revealed that, in many cases, the adsorbed quantity far exceeded what could reasonably be explained by a single layer, thus indicating a wetting transition of the small molecules at the surface or interface of the film. It appears that the surface and interfacial behaviors are partly driven by the relative surface energies of the components, but are also significantly augmented by the incompatibility of the components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arron Briddick
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Science Site , Durham DH1 3LE, U.K
| | - Peixun Li
- STFC ISIS Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratories , Chilton, Didcot, OX11 0QX, U.K
| | - Arwel Hughes
- STFC ISIS Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratories , Chilton, Didcot, OX11 0QX, U.K
| | - Florence Courchay
- Brussels Innovation Center (BIC), Procter & Gamble , Temselaan 100, 1853 Strombeek Bever, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alberto Martinez
- Brussels Innovation Center (BIC), Procter & Gamble , Temselaan 100, 1853 Strombeek Bever, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Richard L Thompson
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Science Site , Durham DH1 3LE, U.K
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9
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Wang Z, Macosko CW, Bates FS. Fluorine-Enriched Melt-Blown Fibers from Polymer Blends of Poly(butylene terephthalate) and a Fluorinated Multiblock Copolyester. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:754-61. [PMID: 26694531 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b09976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Melt-blown fibers (dav ∼1 μm) were produced from blends of poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) and a partially fluorinated random multiblock copolyester (PFCE) leading to enhanced hydrophobicity and even superhydrophobicity (static water contact angle = 157 ± 3°) of the associated fiber mats. XPS measurements demonstrated quantitatively that the surface fluorine content increased systematically with the bulk loading of PFCE, rising to nearly 20 atom %, which corresponds to 41 wt % PFCE at a bulk loading of 10 wt %. The PBT/PFCE fibers exhibit greater fluorine surface segregation than either melt-blown PBT/poly(ethylene-co-chlorotrifluoroethylene) (PBT/PECTFE) fibers or electrospun fibers obtained from blends of poly(styrene) and fluoroalkyl end-capped polystyrene (PS/PSCF). Dynamic contact angle measurements further demonstrated decreased surface adhesion energy of the melt-blown PBT/PFCE fiber mats due to the blooming of PFCE to the surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaifei Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Christopher W Macosko
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Frank S Bates
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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10
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James CD, Jeynes C, Barradas NP, Clifton L, Dalgliesh RM, Smith RF, Sankey SW, Hutchings LR, Thompson RL. Modifying polyester surfaces with incompatible polymer additives. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2015.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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11
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P. S. S, Spatenka P, Jenikova Z, Grohens Y, Thomas S. New type of thermoplastic bio composite: nature of the interface on the ultimate properties and water absorption. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra16311k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A new type of thermoplastic bio composite with coir fibre derived from coconut was fabricated by means of plasma modification of the polymer surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sari P. S.
- International and Inter University Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology1
- Mahatma Gandhi University
- Kottayam
- India
- LIMATB laboratory3
| | - Petr Spatenka
- Czech Technical University in Prague
- Facultz of Mechanical Engineering
- Department of Materials Engineering
- CZ-12135 Prague
- Czech Republic
| | - Zdenka Jenikova
- Czech Technical University in Prague
- Facultz of Mechanical Engineering
- Department of Materials Engineering
- CZ-12135 Prague
- Czech Republic
| | - Yves Grohens
- LIMATB laboratory3
- Université de Bretagne Sud
- 56100 Lorient
- France
| | - Sabu Thomas
- International and Inter University Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology1
- Mahatma Gandhi University
- Kottayam
- India
- School of Chemical Sciences4
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12
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Martinelli E, Galli G, Glisenti A. Surface behavior of modified-polystyrene triblock copolymers with different macromolecular architectures. Eur Polym J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2014.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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13
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Wohl CJ, Foster LL, Applin SI, Connell JW. Synthesis and surface characterization of copoly(imide alkyl ether)s containing pendant fluoroalkyl groups. J Appl Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/app.41538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Leanna L. Foster
- NASA Langley Research Summer Scholars (LARSS), NASA Langley Research Center; Hampton Virginia 23681
| | - Samantha I. Applin
- NASA Langley Research Summer Scholars (LARSS), NASA Langley Research Center; Hampton Virginia 23681
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14
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Kimani SM, Thompson RL, Hutchings LR, Clarke N, Billah SMR, Sakai VG, Rogers SE. Multihydroxyl End Functional Polyethylenes: Synthesis, Bulk and Interfacial Properties of Polymer Surfactants. Macromolecules 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ma402158b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Solomon M. Kimani
- Department
of Chemistry, Durham Centre for Soft Matter, Science Site, Durham DH1
3LE, U.K
| | - Richard L. Thompson
- Department
of Chemistry, Durham Centre for Soft Matter, Science Site, Durham DH1
3LE, U.K
| | - Lian R. Hutchings
- Department
of Chemistry, Durham Centre for Soft Matter, Science Site, Durham DH1
3LE, U.K
| | - Nigel Clarke
- Department
of Chemistry, Durham Centre for Soft Matter, Science Site, Durham DH1
3LE, U.K
| | - S. M. Reduwan Billah
- Department
of Chemistry, Durham Centre for Soft Matter, Science Site, Durham DH1
3LE, U.K
| | - Victoria García Sakai
- STFC
ISIS Neutron and Muon Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, U.K
| | - Sarah E. Rogers
- STFC
ISIS Neutron and Muon Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, U.K
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15
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Lopez-Donaire ML, Santerre JP. Surface modifying oligomers used to functionalize polymeric surfaces: Consideration of blood contact applications. J Appl Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/app.40328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Luisa Lopez-Donaire
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering; University of Toronto; Ontario Canada
- Faculty of Dentistry; University of Toronto; Ontario M5G 1G6 Canada
| | - J. Paul Santerre
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering; University of Toronto; Ontario Canada
- Faculty of Dentistry; University of Toronto; Ontario M5G 1G6 Canada
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16
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Summers GJ, Ndawuni MP, Summers CA. Syntheses ofα-bis(4-aminophenyl)- andα,ω-tetrakis(4-aminophenyl)- functionalized polymers using 1,1-bis(4-aminophenyl)ethylene in atom transfer radical polymerization reactions. POLYM INT 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.4614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel J Summers
- Department of Chemistry; University of South Africa; PO Box 392 UNISA Pretoria 0003 Republic of South Africa
| | - Mzikayise P Ndawuni
- Department of Chemistry; University of South Africa; PO Box 392 UNISA Pretoria 0003 Republic of South Africa
| | - Carol A Summers
- Department of Chemistry; University of South Africa; PO Box 392 UNISA Pretoria 0003 Republic of South Africa
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17
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Zhang MM, Liu SW, Zhang Y, Chen LH, Chi ZG, Xu JR. Synthesis and characterization of a novel macromolecular surface modifier for polyethylene. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-013-1277-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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18
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Bergius WNA, Hutchings LR, Sarih NM, Thompson RL, Jeschke M, Fisher R. Synthesis and characterisation of end-functionalised poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) additives by reversible addition–fragmentation transfer polymerisation. Polym Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3py00041a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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