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Gao X, Wang H, Wu Z, Sun P, Yu W, Chen D, Mao Y, Fang L, Qian J, Li L, Peng Q, Han Y. The Characteristic of Biofilm Formation in ESBL-Producing K. pneumoniae Isolates. THE CANADIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES & MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY = JOURNAL CANADIEN DES MALADIES INFECTIEUSES ET DE LA MICROBIOLOGIE MEDICALE 2024; 2024:1802115. [PMID: 39346024 PMCID: PMC11427726 DOI: 10.1155/2024/1802115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae is a pathogen that commonly causes hospital-acquired infections. Bacterial biofilms are structured bacterial communities that adhere to the surface of objects or biological tissues. In this study, we investigated the genome homology and biofilm formation capacity of ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae. Thirty ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae isolates from 25 inpatients at Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, were subjected to pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) to estimate genomic relatedness. Based on the chromosomal DNA patterns we obtained, we identified 21 PFGE profiles from the 30 isolates, eight of which had high homology indicating that they may have genetic relationships and/or potential clonal advantages within the hospital. Approximately 84% (21/25) of the clinical patients had a history of surgery, urinary tract catheterization, and/or arteriovenous intubation, all of which may have increased the risk for nosocomial infections. Biofilms were observed in 73% (22/30) of the isolates and that strains did not express type 3 fimbriae did not have biofilm formation capacity. Above findings indicated that a high percentage of ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae isolates formed biofilms in vitro and even though two strains with cut-off of PFGE reached 100% similarity, they generated biofilms differently. Besides, the variability in biofilm formation ability may be correlated with the expression of type 3 fimbriae. Thus, we next screened four ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae isolates (Kpn5, Kpn7, Kpn11, and Kpn16) with high homology and significant differences in biofilm formation using PFGE molecular typing, colony morphology, and crystal violet tests. Kpn7 and Kpn16 had stronger biofilm formation abilities compared with Kpn5 and Kpn11. The ability of above four ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae isolates to agglutinate in a mannose-resistant manner or in a mannose-sensitive manner, as well as RNA sequencing-based transcriptome results, showed that type 3 fimbriae play a significant role in biofilm formation. In contrast, type 1 fimbriae were downregulated during biofilm formation. Further research is needed to fully understand the regulatory mechanisms which underlie these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Gao
- Jiading District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Haili Wang
- Central Medical Branch of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100120, China
| | - Zhijuan Wu
- Jiading District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Pan Sun
- Jiading District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Wei Yu
- Jiading District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Donghua Chen
- Department of Prevention and Healthcare Community Health Service Center of Waigang Town, Jiading, Shanghai 201806, China
| | - Yuhua Mao
- Jiading District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Lili Fang
- Department of Infectious Diseases North Campus of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Jia Qian
- Department of Infectious Diseases North Campus of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases North Campus of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Qian Peng
- Jiading District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Yanping Han
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
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Bandeira M, Borges V, Gomes JP, Duarte A, Jordao L. Insights on Klebsiella pneumoniae Biofilms Assembled on Different Surfaces Using Phenotypic and Genotypic Approaches. Microorganisms 2017; 5:microorganisms5020016. [PMID: 28368366 PMCID: PMC5488087 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms5020016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae is a prominent etiological agent of healthcare associated infections (HAIs). In this context, multidrug-resistant and biofilm-producing bacteria are of special public health concern due to the difficulties associated with treatment of human infections and eradication from hospital environments. Here, in order to study the impact of medical devices-associated materials on the biofilm dynamics, we performed biofilm phenotypic analyses through a classic and a new scanning electron microscopy (SEM) technique for three multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae isolates growing on polystyrene and silicone. We also applied whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to search for genetic clues underlying biofilm phenotypic differences. We found major differences in the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) content among the three strains, which were further corroborated by in-depth EPS composition analysis. WGS analysis revealed a high nucleotide similarity within the core-genome, but relevant differences in the accessory genome that may account for the detected biofilm phenotypic dissimilarities, such as genes already associated with biofilm formation in other pathogenic bacteria (e.g., genes coding haemogglutinins and haemolysins). These data reinforce that the research efforts to defeat bacterial biofilms should take into account that their dynamics may be contingent on the medical devices-associated materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Bandeira
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr Ricardo Jorge, Departamento de Saúde Ambiental, Unidade de Investigação e Desenvolvimento-Lisboa, Avenida Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisboa, Portugal.
- Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto Superior Técnico, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Avenida Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Vítor Borges
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr Ricardo Jorge, Departamento de Doenças Infeciosas, Núcleo de Bioinformática, Avenida Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - João P Gomes
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr Ricardo Jorge, Departamento de Doenças Infeciosas, Núcleo de Bioinformática, Avenida Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Aida Duarte
- Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Farmácia, Av Prof Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Luisa Jordao
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr Ricardo Jorge, Departamento de Saúde Ambiental, Unidade de Investigação e Desenvolvimento-Lisboa, Avenida Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisboa, Portugal.
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Wang Q, Chen Y, Cvitkovic R, Pennini ME, Chang CS, Pelletier M, Bonnell J, Koksal AC, Wu H, Dall’Acqua WF, Stover CK, Xiao X. Anti-MrkA Monoclonal Antibodies Reveal Distinct Structural and Antigenic Features of MrkA. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0170529. [PMID: 28107434 PMCID: PMC5249199 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibody therapy against antibiotics resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae infections represents a promising strategy, the success of which depends critically on the ability to identify appropriate antibody targets. Using a target-agnostic strategy, we recently discovered MrkA as a potential antibody target and vaccine antigen. Interestingly, the anti-MrkA monoclonal antibodies isolated through phage display and hybridoma platforms all recognize an overlapping epitope, which opens up important questions including whether monoclonal antibodies targeting different MrkA epitopes can be generated and if they possess different protective profiles. In this study we generated four anti-MrkA antibodies targeting different epitopes through phage library panning against recombinant MrkA protein. These anti-MrkA antibodies elicited strong in vitro and in vivo protections against a multi-drug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strain. Furthermore, mutational and epitope analysis suggest that the two cysteine residues may play essential roles in maintaining a MrkA structure that is highly compacted and exposes limited antibody binding/neutralizing epitopes. These results suggest the need for further in-depth understandings of the structure of MrkA, the role of MrkA in the pathogenesis of Klebsiella pneumoniae and the protective mechanism adopted by anti-MrkA antibodies to fully explore the potential of MrkA as an efficient therapeutic target and vaccine antigen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Wang
- Dept. of Infectious Disease and Vaccines, MedImmune, Gaithersburg, MD, United States of America
| | - Yan Chen
- Dept. of Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune, Gaithersburg, MD, United States of America
| | - Romana Cvitkovic
- Dept. of Infectious Disease and Vaccines, MedImmune, Gaithersburg, MD, United States of America
| | - Meghan E. Pennini
- Dept. of Infectious Disease and Vaccines, MedImmune, Gaithersburg, MD, United States of America
| | - Chew shun Chang
- Dept. of Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune, Gaithersburg, MD, United States of America
| | - Mark Pelletier
- Dept. of Infectious Disease and Vaccines, MedImmune, Gaithersburg, MD, United States of America
| | - Jessica Bonnell
- Dept. of Infectious Disease and Vaccines, MedImmune, Gaithersburg, MD, United States of America
| | - Adem C. Koksal
- Dept. of Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune, Gaithersburg, MD, United States of America
| | - Herren Wu
- Dept. of Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune, Gaithersburg, MD, United States of America
| | - William F. Dall’Acqua
- Dept. of Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune, Gaithersburg, MD, United States of America
| | - C. Kendall Stover
- Dept. of Infectious Disease and Vaccines, MedImmune, Gaithersburg, MD, United States of America
| | - Xiaodong Xiao
- Dept. of Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune, Gaithersburg, MD, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
Strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae are frequently opportunistic pathogens implicated in urinary tract and catheter-associated urinary-tract infections of hospitalized patients and compromised individuals. Infections are particularly difficult to treat since most clinical isolates exhibit resistance to several antibiotics leading to treatment failure and the possibility of systemic dissemination. Infections of medical devices such as urinary catheters is a major site of K. pneumoniae infections and has been suggested to involve the formation of biofilms on these surfaces. Over the last decade there has been an increase in research activity designed to investigate the pathogenesis of K. pneumoniae in the urinary tract. These investigations have begun to define the bacterial factors that contribute to growth and biofilm formation. Several virulence factors have been demonstrated to mediate K. pneumoniae infectivity and include, but are most likely not limited to, adherence factors, capsule production, lipopolysaccharide presence, and siderophore activity. The development of both in vitro and in vivo models of infection will lead to further elucidation of the molecular pathogenesis of K. pneumoniae. As for most opportunistic infections, the role of host factors as well as bacterial traits are crucial in determining the outcome of infections. In addition, multidrug-resistant strains of these bacteria have become a serious problem in the treatment of Klebsiella infections and novel strategies to prevent and inhibit bacterial growth need to be developed. Overall, the frequency, significance, and morbidity associated with K. pneumoniae urinary tract infections have increased over many years. The emergence of these bacteria as sources of antibiotic resistance and pathogens of the urinary tract present a challenging problem for the clinician in terms of management and treatment of individuals.
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Wang Q, Chang CS, Pennini M, Pelletier M, Rajan S, Zha J, Chen Y, Cvitkovic R, Sadowska A, Heidbrink Thompson J, Yu Lin H, Barnes A, Rickert K, Wilson S, Stover CK, Dall'Acqua WF, Chowdhury PS, Xiao X. Target-Agnostic Identification of Functional Monoclonal Antibodies Against Klebsiella pneumoniae Multimeric MrkA Fimbrial Subunit. J Infect Dis 2016; 213:1800-8. [PMID: 26768253 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiw021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing incidence of Klebsiella pneumoniae infections refractory to treatment with current broad-spectrum antibiotic classes warrants the exploration of alternative approaches, such as antibody therapy and/or vaccines, for prevention and treatment. However, the lack of validated targets shared by spectrums of clinical strains poses a significant challenge. We adopted a target-agnostic approach to identify protective antibodies against K. pneumoniae Several monoclonal antibodies were isolated from phage display and hybridoma platforms by functional screening for opsonophagocytic killing activity. We further identified their common target antigen to be MrkA, a major protein in the type III fimbriae complex, and showed that these serotype-independent anti-MrkA antibodies reduced biofilm formation in vitro and conferred protection in multiple murine pneumonia models. Importantly, mice immunized with purified MrkA proteins also showed reduced bacterial burden following K. pneumoniae challenge. Taken together, these results support MrkA as a promising target for K. pneumoniae antibody therapeutics and vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Wang
- Department of Infectious Disease and Vaccines
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yan Chen
- Department of Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering
| | | | | | | | - Hung Yu Lin
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, MedImmune, Gaithersburg, Maryland
| | - Arnita Barnes
- Department of Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering
| | - Keith Rickert
- Department of Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering
| | - Susan Wilson
- Department of Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering
| | | | | | | | - Xiaodong Xiao
- Department of Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering
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Murphy CN, Clegg S. Klebsiella pneumoniae and type 3 fimbriae: nosocomial infection, regulation and biofilm formation. Future Microbiol 2013; 7:991-1002. [PMID: 22913357 DOI: 10.2217/fmb.12.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen Klebsiella pneumoniae is responsible for causing a spectrum of nosocomial and community-acquired infections. Globally, K. pneumoniae is a frequently encountered hospital-acquired opportunistic pathogen that typically infects patients with indwelling medical devices. Biofilm formation on these devices is important in the pathogenesis of these bacteria, and in K. pneumoniae, type 3 fimbriae have been identified as appendages mediating the formation of biofilms on biotic and abiotic surfaces. The factors influencing the regulation of type 3 fimbrial gene expression are largely unknown but recent investigations have indicated that gene expression is regulated, at least in part, by the intracellular levels of cyclic di-GMP. In this review, we have highlighted the recent studies that have worked to elucidate the mechanism by which type 3 fimbrial expression is controlled and the studies that have established the importance of type 3 fimbriae for biofilm formation and nosocomial infection by K. pneumoniae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin N Murphy
- Department of Microbiology, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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