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Berkey CA, Styke C, Yoshitake H, Sonoki Y, Uchiyama M, Dauskardt RH. Carbon dioxide foam bubbles enhance skin penetration through the stratum corneum layer with mechanical mechanism. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 231:113538. [PMID: 37738871 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Topical skin formulations often include penetration enhancers that interact with the outer stratum corneum (SC) layer to chemically enhance diffusion. Alternatively, penetration can be mechanically enhanced with simple rubbing in the presence of solid particles sometimes included to exfoliate the top layers of the SC. Our goal was to evaluate micron-sized carbon dioxide bubbles included in a foamed moisturizing formulation as a mechanical penetration enhancement strategy. We show that moisturizing foam bubbles cause an increase in SC formulation penetration using both mechanical and spectroscopic characterization. Our results suggest viscous liquid film drainage between coalescing gaseous bubbles creates local regions of increased hydrodynamic pressure in the foam liquid layer adjacent to the SC surface that enhances treatment penetration. An SC molecular diffusion model is used to rationalize the observed behavior. The findings indicate marked increased levels of treatment concentration in the SC at 2 h and that persists to 18 h after exposure, far exceeding non-foamed treatments. The study suggests an alternate strategy for increasing formulation penetration with a non-chemical mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A Berkey
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Cassandra Styke
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Reinhold H Dauskardt
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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2
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The effect of collectors on froth stability of frother: Atomic-scale study by experiments and molecular dynamics simulations. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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3
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Oshiro-Sembokuya M, Uchida S, Kashiwagura Y, Ashihara M, Tanaka S, Hashimoto T, Kokubu C, Namiki N. Evaluation of Disappearance Time and Palatability of Foams in the Oral Cavities of Healthy Volunteers, and Preparation of Drug-Containing Foam Formulations for Use in the Treatment of Oral Mucositis. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2021; 69:400-406. [PMID: 33790084 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c21-00035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Oral mucositis is one of the most common adverse effects of radiation and chemotherapy in treatments of cancers. Some clinical guidelines have focused on the prevention and treatment of oral mucositis, and thus, a mouthwash containing drugs is often recommended. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the disappearance time and palatability in the oral cavities of healthy volunteers in foams prepared from different concentrations of the three viscosity grades of methylcellulose (SM-4, -100, -400). In addition, we prepared foam formulations of drugs (benzydamine, dexamethasone, allopurinol and rebamipide) for use as a prevention and treatment of oral mucositis. There was a significant relationship between the foam drainage ratios at 5-15 min and the disappearance time in the oral cavities. The significant relationship of foam densities to the foam disappearance time and overall palatability in a clinical study were observed. Thus, the foam density is considered an important parameter and reflects these clinically important properties. The foam from SM-4 has the longest disappearance time and the best palatability followed by foams from the 4 and 1% SM-4. Drug contents in drug-containing foam formulations which were prepared with 1-4% SM-4 represented 101-112% of the loaded drug contents, and the relative standard deviations of drug contents were <2.2%, which suggests that these formulations had pharmaceutically acceptable properties. This is the first report in regard to foam formulations containing drugs for the prevention and treatment of oral mucositis, and these formulations could be potentially useful for the prevention and treatment of oral mucositis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Oshiro-Sembokuya
- Department of Pharmacy Practice & Science, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka.,Department of Pharmacy, Tomishiro Central Hospital
| | - Shinya Uchida
- Department of Pharmacy Practice & Science, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka
| | - Yasuharu Kashiwagura
- Department of Pharmacy Practice & Science, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka
| | - Maika Ashihara
- Department of Pharmacy Practice & Science, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka
| | - Shimako Tanaka
- Department of Pharmacy Practice & Science, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka
| | | | - Chiyo Kokubu
- Department of Pharmacy, Tomishiro Central Hospital
| | - Noriyuki Namiki
- Department of Pharmacy Practice & Science, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka
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4
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Wang Y, Wang H, Zhao X, Li C, Luo J, Sun S, Hu S. Effect of hydrophobically modified SiO2 nanoparticles on the stability of water-based SDS foam. ARAB J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2020.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Zhou J, Ranjith P, Wanniarachchi W. Different strategies of foam stabilization in the use of foam as a fracturing fluid. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 276:102104. [PMID: 31978640 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2020.102104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
An attractive alternative to mitigate the adverse effects of conventional water-based fluids on the efficiency of hydraulic fracturing is to inject foam-based fracking fluids into reservoirs. The efficiency of foaming fluids in subsurface applications largely depends on the stability and transportation of foam bubbles in harsh environments with high temperature, pressure and salinity, all of which inevitably lead to poor foam properties and thus limit fracturing efficiency. The aim of this paper is to elaborate popular strategies of foam stabilization under reservoir conditions. Specifically, this review first discusses three major mechanisms governing foam decay and summarizes recent progress in research on these phenomena. Since surfactants, polymers, nanoparticles and their composites are popular options for foam stabilization, their stabilizing effects, especially the synergies in composites, are also reviewed. In addition to reporting experimental results, the paper also reports recent advances in interfacial properties via molecular dynamical simulation, which provide new insights into gas/liquid interfacial properties under the influence of surfactants at molecular scale. The results of both experiments and simulations indicate that foam additives play an essential role in foam stability and the synergic effects of surfactants and nanoparticles exhibit more favorable performance.
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7
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Koursari N, Arjmandi-Tash O, Johnson P, Trybala A, Starov VM. Foam drainage placed on a thin porous layer. SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:5331-5344. [PMID: 31241063 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm02559b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Drainage of foams placed on porous substrates has only recently been theoretically investigated (O. Arjmandi-Tash, N. Kovalchuk, A. Trybala, V. Starov, Foam Drainage Placed on a Porous Substrate, Soft Matter, 2015, 11(18), 3643-3652), where an equation describing foam drainage (with non-slip boundary conditions on the liquid-air interfaces) was combined with that of imbibition of liquid into the thick porous substrate. Foam-based applications have been used as a method of drug delivery, which is a recent and promising area of research related to application of medicinal products onto the skin or hair, which are both thin porous layers. A theory of foam drainage (taking into account surface viscosity) placed on a completely wettable thin porous layer is developed: the rate of foam drainage and imbibition inside the porous layer and other characteristics of the process are predicted. The "effective slip" caused by the surface viscosity increased a movement of the top boundary of the foam. The theoretical predictions are compared with experimental observations of foam drainage placed on thin porous layers. The comparison showed a reasonable agreement between the theoretical predictions and experimental observations. One of the phenomena during foam application is the possibility of a build-up of a free liquid layer on the foam/porous layer interface, which can be very useful for applications. Three different regimes of spreading/imbibition process have been predicted. Conditions and durations of free liquid layer formation have been theoretically predicted and compared with experimental observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nektaria Koursari
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK.
| | - Omid Arjmandi-Tash
- Department of Chemical and Biological engineering, University of Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Phillip Johnson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK.
| | - Anna Trybala
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK.
| | - Victor M Starov
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK.
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8
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Study on foaming properties of N-acyl amino acid surfactants: Sodium N-acyl glycinate and sodium N-acyl phenylalaninate. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.01.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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9
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Zhao X, Lu X, Liu Z, Zheng S, Liu S, Zhang Y. Gas-liquid interface extraction: An effective pretreatment approach to retard pore channel wetting in hydrophobic membrane application processes. J Memb Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2018.12.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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10
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Faezian A, Yeganehzad S, Tighchi HA. A simplified model to describe drainage of egg white powder foam containing additives. Chem Eng Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2018.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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11
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Trybala A, Koursari N, Johnson P, Arjmandi-Tash O, Starov V. Interaction of liquid foams with porous substrates. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2019.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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12
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Arjmandi-Tash O, Trybala A, Mahdi F, Kovalchuk N, Starov V. Foams built up by non-Newtonian polymeric solutions: Free drainage. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2016.07.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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13
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Study of the environmental responsiveness of amino acid-based surfactant sodium lauroylglutamate and its foam characteristics. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2016.05.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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14
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Sun Y, Qi X, Sun H, Zhao H, Li Y. Understanding about How Different Foaming Gases Effect the Interfacial Array Behaviors of Surfactants and the Foam Properties. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:7503-7511. [PMID: 27434752 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b02269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, the detailed behaviors of all the molecules, especially the interfacial array behaviors of surfactants and diffusion behaviors of gas molecules, in foam systems with different gases (N2, O2, and CO2) being used as foaming agents were investigated by combining molecular dynamics simulation and experimental approaches for the purpose of interpreting how the molecular behaviors effect the properties of the foam and find out the key factors which fundamentally determine the foam stability. Sodium dodecyl sulfate SDS was used as the foam stabilizer. The foam decay and the drainage process were determined by Foamscan. A texture analyzer (TA) was utilized to measure the stiffness and viscoelasticity of the foam films. The experimental results agreed very well with the simulation results by which how the different gas components affect the interfacial behaviors of surfactant molecules and thereby bring influence on foam properties was described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yange Sun
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of State Education Ministry, Shandong University , 27 South Road of ShanDa, Jinan, Shandong 250100, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqing Qi
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of State Education Ministry, Shandong University , 27 South Road of ShanDa, Jinan, Shandong 250100, P. R. China
| | - Haoyang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of State Education Ministry, Shandong University , 27 South Road of ShanDa, Jinan, Shandong 250100, P. R. China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of State Education Ministry, Shandong University , 27 South Road of ShanDa, Jinan, Shandong 250100, P. R. China
| | - Ying Li
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of State Education Ministry, Shandong University , 27 South Road of ShanDa, Jinan, Shandong 250100, P. R. China
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15
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16
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Sett S, Sahu RP, Sinha-Ray S, Yarin AL. Experimental Investigation of Eletrokinetic Stabilization of Gravitational Drainage of Ionic Surfactants Films. Electrochim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.11.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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17
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Foam free drainage and bubbles size for surfactant concentrations below the CMC. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2015.09.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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18
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Sett S, Karakashev SI, Smoukov SK, Yarin AL. Ion-specific effects in foams. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2015; 225:98-113. [PMID: 26386757 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2015.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Revised: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/16/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
We present a critical review on ion-specific effects in foams in the presence of added salts. We show the theoretical basis developed for understanding experimental data in systems with ionic surfactants, as well as the nascent approaches to modeling the much more difficult systems with non-ionic surfactants, starting with the most recent models of the air-water interface. Even in the case of ionic surfactant systems, we show methods for improving the theoretical understanding and apply them for interpretation of surprising experimental results we have obtained on ion-specific effects in these systems. We report unexpectedly strong ion-specific effects of counter-ions on the stability and the rate of drainage of planar foam films from solutions of 0.5mM sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as a function of concentration of a series of inorganic salts (MCl, M=Li, Na, K). We found that the counter-ions can either stabilize the foam films (up to a critical concentration) or destabilize them beyond it. The ordering for destabilization is in the same order as the Hofmeister series, while for stabilization it is the reverse Therefore, the strongest foam stabilizer (K(+)), becomes the strongest foam destabilizer at and beyond its critical concentration, and vice versa. Though the critical concentration is different for different salts, calculating the critical surfactant adsorption level one could simplify the analysis, with all the critical concentrations occurring at the same surfactant adsorption level. Beyond this level, the foam lifetime decreases and films suddenly start draining faster, which may indicate salt-induced surfactant precipitation. Alternatively, formation of pre-micellar structures may result in slower equilibration and fewer surfactant molecules at the surface, thus leading to unstable foams and films.
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Arjmandi-Tash O, Kovalchuk N, Trybala A, Starov V. Foam drainage placed on a porous substrate. SOFT MATTER 2015; 11:3643-3652. [PMID: 25811970 DOI: 10.1039/c5sm00377f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A model for drainage/imbibition of a foam placed on the top of a porous substrate is presented. The equation of liquid imbibition into the porous substrate is coupled with a foam drainage equation at the foam/porous substrate interface. The deduced dimensionless equations are solved using a finite element method. It was found that the kinetics of foam drainage/imbibition depends on three dimensionless numbers and the initial liquid volume fraction. The result shows that there are three different regimes of the process. Each regime starts after initial rapid decrease of a liquid volume fraction at the foam/porous substrate interface: (i) rapid imbibition: the liquid volume fraction inside the foam at the foam/porous substrate interface remains constant close to a final liquid volume fraction; (ii) intermediate imbibition: the liquid volume fraction at the interface with the porous substrate experiences a peak point and imbibition into the porous substrate is slower as compared with the drainage; (iii) slow imbibition: the liquid volume fraction at the foam/porous substrate interface increases to a maximum limiting value and a free liquid layer is formed between the foam and the porous substrate. However, the free liquid layer disappears after some time. The transition points between these three different drainage/imbibition regimes were delineated by introducing two dimensionless numbers.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Arjmandi-Tash
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE113TU, UK.
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Azra C, Alhazov D, Zussman E. Effect of polymer nanofibers thermoelasticity on deformable fluid-saturated porous membrane. POLYMER 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2014.12.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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21
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Effect of starch particles on foam stability and dilational viscoelasticity of aqueous-foam. Chin J Chem Eng 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2014.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Sett S, Sahu RP, Pelot DD, Yarin AL. Enhanced foamability of sodium dodecyl sulfate surfactant mixed with superspreader trisiloxane-(poly)ethoxylate. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:14765-14775. [PMID: 25409539 DOI: 10.1021/la503542b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Gravitational drainage from thin vertical surfactant solution films and gravitational drainage in a settler column are used to study the behavior of foams based on two-surfactant mixtures. Namely, solutions of the anionic sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and nonionic superspreader SILWET L-77, and their mixtures at different mixing ratios, are studied. It is shown, for the first time, that solutions having a longer lifetime in the vertical film drainage process also possess a higher foamability. An additional and unexpected unique result is that when using a mixed surfactant system, the foamability can be much greater than the foamabilities of the individual components.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sett
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago , 842 W. Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607-7022, United States
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Abstract
We perform a study on the influence of gas permeability and solubility on the drainage and stability of foam stabilized with an anionic surfactant. Our study compares the foam stability for four pure gases and two gas mixtures while previous works only compared two pure gases. Drainage and foam-volume-decay rates are calculated from the experimental data and analysed. We find good agreement with existing theory as the foam stability is strongly influenced by the properties of the gas phase, in particular its solubility in the aqueous phase (measured by Henry’s solubility constant, kH) and permeability (measured by foam-film permeability coefficient, K). The foam volume decreases considerably with increasing K. Moreover, we observe that foams are more stable when a less soluble gas is added to a more soluble gas. Our analysis confirms theories linking drainage, stability, and coarsening rate. Finally, we introduce a new formulation for the foaming index that considers gas solubility and permeability.
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Lv W, Li Y, Li Y, Zhang S, Deng Q, Yang Y, Cao X, Wang Q. Ultra-stable aqueous foam stabilized by water-soluble alkyl acrylate crosspolymer. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2014.05.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Sett S, Sinha-Ray S, Yarin AL. Gravitational drainage of foam films. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:4934-4947. [PMID: 23557027 DOI: 10.1021/la4003127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Gravitational drainage from thick plane vertical soap films and hemispherical bubbles is studied experimentally and theoretically. The experiments involve microinterferometry kindred to the one used in the experiments in the Scheludko cell. The following surfactants were used in the experiments: cationic dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB), anionic sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), anionic Pantene shampoo which primarily contains sodium lauryl sulfate, nonionic tetraethylene glycol monooctyl ether (C8E4), and nonionic Pluronic (P-123) surfactants at different concentrations. The theoretical results explain the drainage mechanism and are used to develop a new method of measurement of the surface elasticity and to test it on the above-mentioned surfactants.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sett
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607-7022, United States
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