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Ren HR, Xu QQ, Yin JZ. Microscopic properties and stabilization mechanism of a supercritical carbon dioxide microemulsion with extremely high water content. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 607:1953-1962. [PMID: 34695744 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.09.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Developing the supercritical carbon dioxide microemulsion with a broad water content (W0) window can provide more possibility for designing highly efficient chemical processes, which is challenging due to the lack of comprehension about its formation mechanism. Molecular dynamics simulation method is expected to reveal the microscopic stabilization mechanism of high-W0 microemulsions. SIMULATIONS All-atom molecular dynamics simulations of the ternary systems with varied W0 stabilized by 4FG(EO)2 surfactant were designed according to phase behavior experiments. A systematic investigation was performed concerning the self-assembling, equilibrium morphology and detailed microstructure of the microemulsion droplet. An in-depth comparative study about the distribution of both H2O and CO2, the interfacial behaviors of 4FG(EO)2, as well as the microscopic interactions was conducted. FINDINGS For the first time, direct evidence was provided for the formation of water-in-carbon dioxide microemulsion with extremely high W0 (80) under the effect of 4FG(EO)2. Furthermore, a unique interfacial phenomenon, i. e. CO2 accumulating at the interface, was revealed to be responsible for the formation and enhanced stability of the nanosized droplet with high W0. This should set a new guiding star for synthesizing and selecting effective interfacial modifiers to create high-W0 microemulsions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Rui Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemical, School of Chemical Machinery, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Qin-Qin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemical, School of Chemical Machinery, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Jian-Zhong Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemical, School of Chemical Machinery, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
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Zhou R, Jin Y, Shen Y, Zhao P, Zhou Y. Synthesis and application of non-bioaccumulable fluorinated surfactants: a review. JOURNAL OF LEATHER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s42825-020-00048-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Due to negative effects of conventional fluorinated surfactants with long perfluorocarbon chain (CxF2x+ 1, x≥7) like perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), these conventional long perfluorocarbon chain surfactants have been restricted in many industrial applications. Nowadays, their potential non-bioaccumulable alternatives have been developed to meet the requirements of environmental sustainable development. In this paper, the recent advances of potential non-bioaccumulable fluorinated surfactants with different fluorocarbon chain structures, including the short perfluorocarbon chain, the branched fluorocarbon chain, and the fluorocarbon chain with weak points, are reviewed from the aspects of synthesis processes, properties, and structure-activity relationships. And their applications in emulsion polymerization of fluorinated olefins, handling membrane proteins, and leather manufacture also are summarized. Furthermore, the challenges embedded in the current non-bioaccumulable fluorinated surfactants are also highlighted and discussed with the hope to provide a valuable reference for the prosperous development of fluorinated surfactants.
Graphical abstract
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Sagisaka M, Saito T, Abe M, Yoshizawa A, Blesic M, Rogers SE, Alexander S, Guittard F, Hill C, Eastoe J. Water-in-CO 2 Microemulsions Stabilized by an Efficient Catanionic Surfactant. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:7418-7426. [PMID: 32532155 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c00970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
To facilitate potential applications of water-in-supercritical CO2 microemulsions (W/CO2 μEs) efficient and environmentally responsible surfactants are required with low levels of fluorination. As well as being able to stabilize water-CO2 interfaces, these surfactants must also be economical, prevent bioaccumulation and strong adhesion, deactivation of enzymes, and be tolerant to high salt environments. Recently, an ion paired catanionic surfactant with environmentally acceptable fluorinated C6 tails was found to be very effective at stabilizing W/CO2 μEs with high water-to-surfactant molar ratios (W0) up to ∼50 (Sagisaka, M.; et al. Langmuir 2019, 35, 3445-3454). As the cationic and anionic constituent surfactants alone did not stabilize W/CO2 μEs, this was the first demonstration of surfactant synergistic effects in W/CO2 microemulsions. The aim of this new study is to understand the origin of these intriguing effects by detailed investigations of nanostructure in W/CO2 microemulsions using high-pressure small-angle neutron scattering (HP-SANS). These HP-SANS experiments have been used to determine the headgroup interfacial area and volume, aggregation number, and effective packing parameter (EPP). These SANS data suggest the effectiveness of this surfactant originates from increased EPP and decreased hydrophilic/CO2-philic balance, related to a reduced effective headgroup ionicity. This surfactant bears separate C6F13 tails and oppositely charged headgroups, and was found to have a EPP value similar to that of a double C4F9-tail anionic surfactant (4FG(EO)2), which was previously reported to be one of most efficient stabilizers for W/CO2 μEs (maximum W0 = 60-80). Catanionic surfactants based on this new design will be key for generating superefficient W/CO2 μEs with high stability and water solubilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanobu Sagisaka
- Department of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Saito
- Department of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, Japan
| | - Masashi Abe
- Department of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yoshizawa
- Department of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, Japan
| | - Marijana Blesic
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, University Road, Belfast BT7 1NN, U.K
| | - Sarah E Rogers
- ISIS-CCLRC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, U.K
| | - Shirin Alexander
- Energy Safety Research Institute (ESRI), Swansea University, Bay Campus, Swansea SA1 8EN, U.K
| | - Frédéric Guittard
- NICE-Lab, Université Côte d'Azur, 61-63 avenue S. Viel, 06200 Nice, France
| | - Christopher Hill
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K
| | - Julian Eastoe
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K
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Stabilization of 4FS(EO)2 constructed water-in-carbon dioxide microemulsions (W/C μEs) with nonfluorinated co-surfactants. J Supercrit Fluids 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2019.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Surfactants with aromatic headgroups for optimizing properties of graphene/natural rubber latex composites (NRL): Surfactants with aromatic amine polar heads. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 545:184-194. [PMID: 30878784 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS The compatibility of surfactants and graphene surfaces can be improved by increasing the number of aromatic groups in the surfactants. Including aniline in the structure may improve the compatibility between surfactant and graphene further still. Surfactants can be modified by incorporating aromatic groups in the hydrophobic chains or hydrophilic headgroups. Therefore, it is of interest to investigate the effects of employing anilinium based surfactants to disperse graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) in natural rubber latex (NRL) for the fabrication of electrically conductive nanocomposites. EXPERIMENTS New graphene-philic surfactants carrying aromatic moieties in the hydrophilic headgroups and hydrophobic tails were synthesized by swapping the traditional sodium counterion with anilinium. 1H NMR spectroscopy was used to characterize the surfactants. These custom-made surfactants were used to assist the dispersion of GNPs in natural rubber latex matrices for the preparation of conductive nanocomposites. The properties of nanocomposites with the new anilinium surfactants were compared with commercial sodium surfactant sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS), sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS), and the previously synthesized aromatic tri-chain sodium surfactant TC3Ph3 (sodium 1,5-dioxo-1,5-bis(3-phenylpropoxy)-3-((3phenylpropoxy)carbonyl) pentane-2-sulfonate). Structural properties of the nanocomposites were studied using Raman spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). Electrical conductivity measurements and Zeta potential measurements were used to assess the relationships between total number of aromatic groups in the surfactant molecular structure and nanocomposite properties. The self-assembly structure of surfactants in aqueous systems and GNP dispersions was assessed using small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). FINDINGS Among these different surfactants, the anilinium version of TC3Ph3 namely TC3Ph3-AN (anilinium 1,5-dioxo-1,5-bis(3-phenylpropoxy)-3-((3phenylpropoxy)carbonyl) pentane-2-sulfonate) was shown to be highly efficient for dispersing GNPs in the NRL matrices, increasing electrical conductivity eleven orders of magnitude higher than the neat rubber latex. Comparisons between the sodium and anilinium surfactants show significant differences in the final properties of the nanocomposites. In general, the strategy of increasing the number of surfactant-borne aromatic groups by incorporating anilinium ions in surfactant headgroups appears to be effective.
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Sagisaka M, Saito T, Yoshizawa A, Rogers SE, Guittard F, Hill C, Eastoe J, Blesic M. Water-in-CO 2 Microemulsions Stabilized by Fluorinated Cation-Anion Surfactant Pairs. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:3445-3454. [PMID: 30739456 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b03942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
High-water-content water-in-supercritical CO2 (W/CO2) microemulsions are considered to be green, universal solvents, having both polar and nonpolar domains. Unfortunately, these systems generally require environmentally unacceptable stabilizers like long and/or multifluorocarbon-tail surfactants. Here, a series of catanionic surfactants having more environmentally friendly fluorinated C4-C6 tails have been studied in terms of interfacial properties, aggregation behavior, and solubilizing power in water and/or CO2. Surface tensions and critical micelle concentrations of these catanionic surfactants are, respectively, lowered by ∼9 mN/m and 100 times than those of the constituent single fluorocarbon-tail surfactants. Disklike micelles in water were observed above the respective critical micelle concentrations, implying the catanionic surfactants have a high critical packing parameter, which should be suitable for the formation of reverse micelles. Based on visual observation of phase behavior and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic and small-angle neutron scattering studies, one of the three catanionic surfactants tested was found to form transparent single-phase W/CO2 microemulsions with a water-to-surfactant molar ratio of up to ∼50. This is the first successful demonstration of the formation of W/CO2 microemulsions by synergistic ion-pairing of anionic and cationic single-tail surfactants. This indicates that catanionic surfactants offer a promising approach to generate high-water-content W/CO2 microemulsions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanobu Sagisaka
- Department of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology , Hirosaki University , 3 Bunkyo-cho , Hirosaki , Aomori 036-8561 , Japan
| | - Tatsuya Saito
- Department of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology , Hirosaki University , 3 Bunkyo-cho , Hirosaki , Aomori 036-8561 , Japan
| | - Atsushi Yoshizawa
- Department of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology , Hirosaki University , 3 Bunkyo-cho , Hirosaki , Aomori 036-8561 , Japan
| | - Sarah E Rogers
- ISIS-CCLRC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory , Chilton OX11 0QX , Oxon , U.K
| | - Frédéric Guittard
- Univ. Cote d'Azur, NICE-Lab , 61-63 av. S. Viel , 06200 Nice , France
| | - Christopher Hill
- School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , Cantock's Close , Bristol BS8 1TS , U.K
| | - Julian Eastoe
- School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , Cantock's Close , Bristol BS8 1TS , U.K
| | - Marijana Blesic
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Queen's University Belfast , University Road , Belfast BT7 1NN , U.K
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Sagisaka M, Ono S, James C, Yoshizawa A, Mohamed A, Guittard F, Enick RM, Rogers SE, Czajka A, Hill C, Eastoe J. Anisotropic reversed micelles with fluorocarbon-hydrocarbon hybrid surfactants in supercritical CO 2. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 168:201-210. [PMID: 29276082 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Previous work (M. Sagisaka, et al. Langmuir 31 (2015) 7479-7487), showed the most effective fluorocarbon (FC) and hydrocarbon (HC) chain lengths in the hybrid surfactants FCm-HCn (sodium 1-oxo-1-[4-(perfluoroalkyl)phenyl]alkane-2-sulfonates, where m = FC length and n = HC length) were m and n = 6 and 4 for water solubilization, whereas m 6 and n 6, or m 6 and n 5, were optimal chain lengths for reversed micelle elongation in supercritical CO2. To clarify why this difference of only a few methylene chain units is so effective at tuning the solubilizing power and reversed micelle morphology, nanostructures of water-in-CO2 (W/CO2) microemulsions were investigated by high-pressure small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) measurements at different water-to-surfactant molar ratios (W0) and surfactant concentrations. By modelling SANS profiles with cylindrical and ellipsoidal form factors, the FC6-HCn/W/CO2 microemulsions were found to increase in size with increasing W0 and surfactant concentration. Ellipsoidal cross-sectional radii of the FC6-HC4/W/CO2 microemulsion droplets increased linearly with W0, and finally reached ∼39 Å and ∼78 Å at W0 = 85 (close to the upper limit of solubilizing power). These systems appear to be the largest W/CO2 microemulsion droplets ever reported. The aqueous domains of FC6-HC6 rod-like reversed micelles increased in size by 3.5 times on increasing surfactant concentration from 35 mM to 50 mM: at 35 mM, FC6-HC5 formed rod-like reversed micelles 5.3 times larger than FC6-HC6. Interestingly, these results suggest that hybrid HC-chains partition into the microemulsion aqueous cores with the sulfonate headgroups, or at the W/CO2 interfaces, and so play important roles for tuning the W/CO2 interfacial curvature. The super-efficient W/CO2-type solubilizer FC6-HC4, and the rod-like reversed micelle forming surfactant FC6-HC5, represent the most successful cases of low fluorine content additives. These surfactants facilitate VOC-free, effective and energy-saving CO2 solvent systems for applications such as extraction, dyeing, dry cleaning, metal-plating, enhanced oil recovery and organic/inorganic or nanomaterial synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanobu Sagisaka
- Department of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, Japan.
| | - Shinji Ono
- Department of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, Japan
| | - Craig James
- Department of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yoshizawa
- Department of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, Japan
| | - Azmi Mohamed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900 Tanjong Malim, Perak, Malaysia; Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, 35900 Tanjong Malim, Perak, Malaysia
| | | | - Robert M Enick
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, 940 Benedum Hall, 3700 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, United States
| | - Sarah E Rogers
- ISIS-CCLRC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Oxon OX11 0QX, UK
| | - Adam Czajka
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Christopher Hill
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Julian Eastoe
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK.
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Sagisaka M, Ogiwara S, Ono S, James C, Yoshizawa A, Mohamed A, Rogers SE, Heenan RK, Yan C, Peach JA, Eastoe J. New Class of Amphiphiles Designed for Use in Water-in-Supercritical CO 2 Microemulsions. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:12413-12422. [PMID: 27448717 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b01670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Water-in-supercritical CO2 microemulsions formed using the hybrid F-H surfactant sodium 1-oxo-1-[4-(perfluorohexyl)phenyl]hexane-2-sulfonate, FC6-HC4, have recently been shown to have the highest water-solubilizing power ever reported. FC6-HC4 demonstrated the ability to outperform not only other surfactants but also other FCm-HCn analogues containing different fluorocarbon and hydrocarbon chain lengths (Sagisaka, M. et al. Langmuir 2015, 31, 7479-7487). With the aim of clarifying the key structural features of this surfactant, this study examined the phase behavior and water/supercritical CO2 aggregate formation of 1-oxo-1-[4-(perfluorohexyl)phenyl]hexane (Nohead FC6-HC4), which is an FC6-HC4 analogue but now, interestingly, without the sulfonate headgroup. Surprisingly, Nohead FC6-HC4, which would not normally be identified as a classic surfactant, yielded transparent single-phase W/CO2 microemulsions with polar cores able to solubilize a water-soluble dye, even at pressures and temperatures so low as to approach the critical point of CO2 (e.g., ∼100 bar at 35 °C). High-pressure small-angle scattering (SANS) measurements revealed the transparent phases to consist of ellipsoidal nanodroplets of water. The morphology of these droplets was shown to be dependent on the pressure, Nohead FC6-HC4 concentration, and water-to-surfactant molar ratio. Despite having almost the same structure as Nohead FC6-HC4, analogues containing both shorter and longer hydrocarbons were unable to form W/CO2 microemulsion droplets. This shows the importance of the role of the hydrocarbon chain in the stabilization of W/CO2 microemulsions. A detailed examination of the mechanism of Nohead FC6-HC4 adsorption onto the water surface suggests that the hexanoyl group protrudes into the aqueous core, allowing for association between the carbonyl group and water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanobu Sagisaka
- Department of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University , 3 Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Ogiwara
- Department of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University , 3 Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, Japan
| | - Shinji Ono
- Department of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University , 3 Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, Japan
| | - Craig James
- Department of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University , 3 Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yoshizawa
- Department of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University , 3 Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, Japan
| | | | - Sarah E Rogers
- ISIS-CCLRC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory , Chilton, Oxon OX11 0QX, U.K
| | - Richard K Heenan
- ISIS-CCLRC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory , Chilton, Oxon OX11 0QX, U.K
| | - Ci Yan
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol , Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K
| | - Jocelyn Alice Peach
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol , Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K
| | - Julian Eastoe
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol , Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K
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Liu B, Tang X, Fang W, Li X, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Shen Y, Yan Y, Sun X, He J. Molecular dynamics study of di-CF4 based reverse micelles in supercritical CO 2. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:29156-29163. [PMID: 27730238 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp04253h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Reverse micelles (RMs) in supercritical CO2 (scCO2) are promising alternatives for organic solvents, especially when both polar and non-polar components are involved. Fluorinated surfactants, particularly double-chain fluorocarbon surfactants, are able to form well-structured RMs in scCO2. The inherent self-assembly mechanisms of surfactants in scCO2 are still subject to discussion. In this study, molecular dynamics simulations are performed to investigate the self-aggregation behavior of di-CF4 based RMs in scCO2, and stable and spherical RMs are formed. The dynamics process and the self-assembly structure in the RMs reveal a three-step mechanism to form the RMs, that is, small RMs, rod-like RMs and fusion of the rod-like RMs. Hydrogen-bonds between headgroups and water molecules, and salt bridges linking Na+ ions, headgroups and water molecules enhance the interfacial packing efficiency of the surfactant. The results show that di-CF4 molecules have a high surfactant coverage at the RM interface, implying a high CO2-philicity. This mainly results from bending of the short chain (C-COO-CH2-(CF2)3-CF3) due to the flexible carboxyl group. The microscopic insight provided in this study is helpful in understanding surfactant self-assembly phenomena and designing new CO2-philic surfactants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Liu
- School of Science, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, Shandong, China. and NTNU Nanomechanical Lab, Department of Structural Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, 7491, Norway.
| | - Xinpeng Tang
- School of Science, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, Shandong, China.
| | - Wenjing Fang
- School of Science, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, Shandong, China.
| | - Xiaoqi Li
- School of Science, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, Shandong, China.
| | - Jun Zhang
- School of Science, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, Shandong, China.
| | - Zhiliang Zhang
- NTNU Nanomechanical Lab, Department of Structural Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, 7491, Norway.
| | - Yue Shen
- School of Science, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, Shandong, China.
| | - Youguo Yan
- School of Science, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, Shandong, China.
| | - Xiaoli Sun
- School of Science, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, Shandong, China.
| | - Jianying He
- NTNU Nanomechanical Lab, Department of Structural Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, 7491, Norway.
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Mohamed A, Ardyani T, Bakar SA, Sagisaka M, Ono S, Narumi T, Kubota M, Brown P, Eastoe J. Effect of surfactant headgroup on low-fluorine-content CO2-philic hybrid surfactants. J Supercrit Fluids 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2016.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Girard E, Tassaing T, Marty JD, Destarac M. Structure-Property Relationships in CO2-philic (Co)polymers: Phase Behavior, Self-Assembly, and Stabilization of Water/CO2 Emulsions. Chem Rev 2016; 116:4125-69. [PMID: 27014998 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This Review provides comprehensive guidelines for the design of CO2-philic copolymers through an exhaustive and precise coverage of factors governing the solubility of different classes of polymers. Starting from computational calculations describing the interactions of CO2 with various functionalities, we describe the phase behavior in sc-CO2 of the main families of polymers reported in literature. The self-assembly of amphiphilic copolymers of controlled architecture in supercritical carbon dioxide and their use as stabilizers for water/carbon dioxide emulsions then are covered. The relationships between the structure of such materials and their behavior in solutions and at interfaces are systematically underlined throughout these sections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etienne Girard
- IMRCP, UMR CNRS 5623, Université de Toulouse , 118, route de Narbonne, Toulouse F-31062 Cedex 9, France
| | - Thierry Tassaing
- ISM, UMR CNRS 5255, Université de Bordeaux , 351, Cours de la Libération, Talence F-33405 Cedex, France
| | - Jean-Daniel Marty
- IMRCP, UMR CNRS 5623, Université de Toulouse , 118, route de Narbonne, Toulouse F-31062 Cedex 9, France
| | - Mathias Destarac
- IMRCP, UMR CNRS 5623, Université de Toulouse , 118, route de Narbonne, Toulouse F-31062 Cedex 9, France
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Sagisaka M, Ono S, James C, Yoshizawa A, Mohamed A, Guittard F, Rogers SE, Heenan RK, Yan C, Eastoe J. Effect of Fluorocarbon and Hydrocarbon Chain Lengths in Hybrid Surfactants for Supercritical CO2. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:7479-87. [PMID: 26080002 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b01737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid surfactants containing both fluorocarbon (FC) and hydrocarbon (HC) chains have recently been shown to solubilize water and form elongated reversed micelles in supercritical CO2. To clarify the most effective FC and HC chain lengths, the aggregation behavior and interfacial properties of hybrid surfactants FCm-HCn (FC length m/HC length n = 4/2, 4/4, 6/2, 6/4, 6/5, 6/6, and 6/8) were examined in W/CO2 mixtures as functions of pressure, temperature, and water-to-surfactant molar ratio (W0). The solubilizing power of hybrid surfactants for W/CO2 microemulsions was strongly affected by not only the FC length but also by that of the HC. Although the surfactants having short FC and/or HC tails (namely, m/n = 4/2, 4/4, and 6/2) did not dissolve in supercritical CO2 (even at ∼17 mM, ≤400 bar, temperature ≤ 75 °C, and W0 = 0-40), the other hybrid surfactants were able to yield transparent single-phase W/CO2 mixtures identified as microemulsions. The solubilizing power of FC6-HCm surfactants reached a maximum (W0 ∼ 80 at 45 °C and 350 bar) with a hydrocarbon length, m, of 4. The W0 value of 80 is the highest for a HC-FC hybrid surfactant, matching the highest value reported for a FC surfactant which contained more FC groups. High-pressure small-angle neutron scattering measurements from FCm-HCn/D2O/CO2 microemulsions were consistent with growth of the microemulsion droplets with increasing W0. In addition, not only spherical reversed micelles but also nonspherical assemblies (rodlike or ellipsoidal) were found for the systems with FC6-HCn (n = 4-6). At fixed surfactant concentration and W0 (17 mM and W0 = 20), the longest reversed micelles were obtained for FC6-HC6 where a mean aspect ratio of 6.3 was calculated for the aqueous cores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanobu Sagisaka
- †Department of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, Japan
| | - Shinji Ono
- †Department of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, Japan
| | - Craig James
- †Department of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yoshizawa
- †Department of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, Japan
| | | | - Frédéric Guittard
- ∥Univ. Nice Sophia-Antipolis, CNRS, Equipe Surfaces et Interfaces, Parc Valrose, 06100 Nice, France
| | - Sarah E Rogers
- ⊥ISIS-CCLRC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Oxon OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Richard K Heenan
- ⊥ISIS-CCLRC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Oxon OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Ci Yan
- #School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Julian Eastoe
- #School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
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Economical and Efficient Hybrid Surfactant with Low Fluorine Content for the Stabilisation of Water-in-CO2 Microemulsions. J Supercrit Fluids 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2015.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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15
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Sagisaka M, Narumi T, Niwase M, Narita S, Ohata A, James C, Yoshizawa A, Taffin de Givenchy E, Guittard F, Alexander S, Eastoe J. Hyperbranched hydrocarbon surfactants give fluorocarbon-like low surface energies. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:6057-6063. [PMID: 24815218 DOI: 10.1021/la501328s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Two series of Aerosol-OT-analogue surfactants (sulfosuccinate-type di-BCnSS and sulfoglutarate-type di-BCnSG) with hyperbranched alkyl double tails (so-called "hedgehog" groups, carbon number n = 6, 9, 12, and 18) have been synthesized and shown to demonstrate interfacial properties comparable to those seen for related fluorocarbon (FC) systems. Critical micelle concentration (CMC), surface tension at the CMC (γCMC), and minimum area per molecule (Amin) were obtained from surface tension measurements of aqueous surfactant solutions. The results were examined for relationships between the structure of the hedgehog group and packing density at the interface. To evaluate A and B values in the Klevens equation for these hedgehog surfactants, log(CMC) was plotted as a function of the total carbon number in the surfactant double tail. A linear relationship was observed, producing B values of 0.20-0.25 for di-BCnSS and di-BCnSG, compared to a value of 0.31 for standard double-straight-tail sulfosuccinate surfactants. The lower B values of these hedgehog surfactants highlight their lower hydrophobicity compared to double-straight-tail surfactants. To clarify how hydrocarbon density in the surfactant-tail layer (ρ(layer)) affects γCMC, the ρ(layer) of each double-tail surfactant was calculated and the relationship between γCMC and ρ(layer) examined. As expected for the design of low surface energy surfactant layers, ρ(layer) was identified as an important property for controlling γCMC with higher ρ(layer), leading to a lower γCMC. Interestingly, surfactants with BC9 and BC12 tails achieved much lower γCMC, even at low ρ(layer) values of <0.55 g cm(-3). The lowest surface energy surfactant studied here was di-BC6SS, which had a γCMC of only 23.8 mN m(-1). Such a low γCMC is comparable to those obtained with short FC-tail surfactants (e.g., 22.0 mN m(-1) for the sulfosuccinate-type FC-surfactant with R = F(CF2)6CH2CH2-).
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanobu Sagisaka
- Department of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University , 3 Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, Japan
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16
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Zhang S, Chen K, Liang L, Tan B. Synthesis of oligomer vinyl acetate with different topologies by RAFT/MADIX method and their phase behaviour in supercritical carbon dioxide. POLYMER 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2013.07.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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17
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Sagisaka M, Iwama S, Ono S, Yoshizawa A, Mohamed A, Cummings S, Yan C, James C, Rogers SE, Heenan RK, Eastoe J. Nanostructures in water-in-CO2 microemulsions stabilized by double-chain fluorocarbon solubilizers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:7618-7628. [PMID: 23701401 DOI: 10.1021/la400376g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
High-pressure small-angle neutron scattering (HP-SANS) studies were conducted to investigate nanostructures and interfacial properties of water-in-supercritical CO2 (W/CO2) microemulsions with double-fluorocarbon-tail anionic surfactants, having different fluorocarbon chain lengths and linking groups (glutarate or succinate). At constant pressure and temperature, the microemulsion aqueous cores were found to swell with an increase in water-to-surfactant ratio, W0, until their solubilizing capacities were reached. Surfactants with fluorocarbon chain lengths of n = 4, 6, and 8 formed spherical reversed micelles in supercritical CO2 even at W0 over the solubilizing powers as determined by phase behavior studies, suggesting formation of Winsor-IV W/CO2 microemulsions and then Winsor-II W/CO2 microemulsions. On the other hand, a short C2 chain fluorocarbon surfactant analogue displayed a transition from Winsor-IV microemulsions to lamellar liquid crystals at W0 = 25. Critical packing parameters and aggregation numbers were calculated by using area per headgroup, shell thickness, the core/shell radii determined from SANS data analysis: these parameters were used to help understand differences in aggregation behavior and solubilizing power in CO2. Increasing the microemulsion water loading led the critical packing parameter to decrease to ~1.3 and the aggregation number to increase to >90. Although these parameters were comparable between glutarate and succinate surfactants with the same fluorocarbon chain, decreasing the fluorocarbon chain length n reduced the critical packing parameter. At the same time, reducing chain length to 2 reduced negative interfacial curvature, favoring planar structures, as demonstrated by generation of lamellar liquid crystal phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanobu Sagisaka
- Department of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, Japan.
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Rao VG, Mandal S, Ghosh S, Banerjee C, Sarkar N. Aggregation behavior of Triton X-100 with a mixture of two room-temperature ionic liquids: can we identify the mutual penetration of ionic liquids in ionic liquid containing micellar aggregates? J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:13868-77. [PMID: 23127156 DOI: 10.1021/jp309106a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this manuscript, we have characterized two different micellar aggregates containing all nonvolatile components. We have shown (i) the effect of ethylammonium nitrate (EAN) addition on the properties of micellar solution of Triton X-100 in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (bmimPF(6)) and (ii) the effect of bmimPF(6) addition on the properties of micellar solution of Triton X-100 in EAN. To investigate the effect, we have used (1)H NMR, pulsed-field gradient spin-echo NMR (PFGSE NMR), and methyl orange (MO) and coumarin 153 (C-153) as absorption and emission probes, respectively. The penetration of added EAN inside the Triton X-100/bmimPF(6) micellar aggregates is indicated by (i) red shift in both the absorption spectra of MO and emission spectra of C-153 and (ii) downfield shift of proton signals of ethylene oxide units in Triton X-100. On the other hand, (1)H NMR and PFGSE NMR indicates the penetration of added bmimPF(6) inside the Triton X-100/EAN micellar aggregates. However, the constancy of both the absorption spectra of MO and emission spectra of C-153 indicates that the microenvironment around the probe molecules remains unaffected. We have also investigated the effect of micelle formation and the effect of penetration of ionic liquids (ILs) in micellar aggregates, on the solvation dynamics of C-153. The solvent relaxation around C-153 gets retarded on going from neat ILs to the micellar solution of Triton X-100 in ILs. In addition to this, we have also observed that with the addition of EAN in Triton X-100/bmimPF(6) micellar aggregates the solvation dynamics becomes faster, whereas with the addition of bmimPF(6) in Triton X-100/EAN micellar aggregates we did not observe any notable change in solvation dynamics. This observation further supports the conclusions drawn from UV-visible and NMR studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Govind Rao
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, WB, India
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