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Wu J, Liu W, Ngai T. Total internal reflection microscopy: a powerful tool for exploring interactions and dynamics near interfaces. SOFT MATTER 2023. [PMID: 37314857 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm00085k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of many micro/macrophenomena is closely related to interactions and dynamics near interfaces. Hence, developing powerful tools for characterizing near-interface interactions and dynamics has attached great importance among researchers. In this review, we introduce a noninvasive and ultrasensitive technique called total internal reflection microscopy (TIRM). The principles of TIRM are introduced first, demonstrating the characteristics of this technique. Then, typical measurements with TIRM and the recent development of the technique are reviewed in detail. At the end of the review, we highlight the great progress of TIRM during the past several decades and show its potential to be more influential in measuring interactions and dynamics near interfaces in various research fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Wu
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, N.T., Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Wei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education & School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
| | - To Ngai
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, N.T., Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
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Adsorption behaviours of copper(II), lead(II), and cadmium(II) ions from aqueous solution by polyethylenimine -modified magnetic hydrogel nanocomposites. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-022-03377-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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3
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Wan T, He S, Wang T, Wang J, Yu M, Jia Y, Tang Q. Synthesis of polyethylenimine-modified magnetic hydrogel nanocomposite absorbents for heavy metals removal. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-022-1168-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Feng C, Zhang YJ, Ren CL. pH-Regulated Single and Double Charge Inversions on PEI-Coated Surfaces. ACS Macro Lett 2022; 11:773-779. [PMID: 35653775 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.2c00227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The pH-regulated charge inversions on polyethylenimine (PEI)-coated surfaces are indispensable to their applications in biomaterials and nanomaterials. Various PEI-coated surfaces, where single charge inversion happens, have been extensively investigated, while the surfaces where double charge inversion appears are less reported. Here, using a molecular theory, we systematically study the pH-regulated charge density of PEI-coated surfaces. The results suggest whether single or double charge inversion happens depends on PEI affinity to the surface and the bare surface charge density. The region of double charge inversion is much smaller than that of single charge inversion, revealing the reason why double charge inversion is less observed in experiments. Besides, the charge inversions are significantly influenced by the solution condition. The present work provides a useful guideline to the selection of the coated materials and the parameters of PEI solution in the design of PEI-coated surfaces aiming to promote their applications in multifunctional nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology and Hebei Key Laboratory of Microstructural Material Physics, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China
| | - Yun-jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology and Hebei Key Laboratory of Microstructural Material Physics, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China
| | - Chun-lai Ren
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
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Meng Q, Li Y, Shen C. Antibacterial Coatings of Biomedical Surfaces by Polydextran Aldehyde/Polyethylenimine Nanofibers. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2018; 2:562-569. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.8b00708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qin Meng
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027, P.R. China
| | - Yingjun Li
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027, P.R. China
| | - Chong Shen
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027, P.R. China
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Wang Z, Luan Y, Gan T, Gong X, Chen H, Ngai T. Long-range interactions between protein-coated particles and POEGMA brush layers in a serum environment. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 150:279-287. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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7
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Xing X, Hua L, Ngai T. Depletion versus stabilization induced by polymers and nanoparticles: The state of the art. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2014.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Chen B, Zhao X, Liu Y, Xu B, Pan X. Highly stable and covalently functionalized magnetic nanoparticles by polyethyleneimine for Cr(vi) adsorption in aqueous solution. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra10602d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Covalently functionalized magnetic nanocomposite by polyethyleneimine (PEI) acted as superior adsorbent for removal of Cr(vi) form water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Chen
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Kunming University of Science and Technology
- Kunming
- PR China
| | - Xuesong Zhao
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Kunming University of Science and Technology
- Kunming
- PR China
| | - Yang Liu
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Kunming University of Science and Technology
- Kunming
- PR China
| | - Bugang Xu
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Kunming University of Science and Technology
- Kunming
- PR China
| | - Xuejun Pan
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Kunming University of Science and Technology
- Kunming
- PR China
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An electrochemical sensor for sodium dodecyl sulfate detection based on anion exchange using eosin Y/polyethyleneimine modified electrode. Anal Chim Acta 2014; 852:63-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2014.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Revised: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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10
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Kim JH, Bohra M, Singh V, Cassidy C, Sowwan M. Smart composite nanosheets with adaptive optical properties. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:13339-13343. [PMID: 25116340 DOI: 10.1021/am5041708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We report efficient design and facile synthesis of size-tunable organic/inorganic nanosheets, via a straightforward liquid exfoliation-adsorption process, of a near percolating gold (Au) thin film deposited onto a branched polyethylenimine (bPEI) matrix. The nanosheets are stiff enough to sustain their two-dimensional (2D) nature in acidic conditions, yet flexible enough to undergo a perfect reversible shape transformation to 1D nanoscrolls in alkaline conditions. The shape transformations, and associated optical property changes, at different protonation states are monitored by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), UV-visible spectroscopy and zeta potential measurements. Because of their large surface area, both nanosheets and nanoscrolls could be used as capturing substrates for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Hwan Kim
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology , 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-Son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
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Xu T, Liu W, Wang S, Shao Z. Elucidating the role of free polycationic chains in polycation gene carriers by free chains of polyethylenimine or N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan plus a certain polyplex. Int J Nanomedicine 2014; 9:3231-45. [PMID: 25061299 PMCID: PMC4086671 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s64308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycations as gene carriers have attracted considerable attention over the past decade. Generally, polyplexes between polycations and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are formed at low N/P ratios (the ratios of the numbers of nitrogen atoms in a polycation to the numbers of phosphorus atoms in DNA), but high transfection efficiency can only be obtained at much higher N/P ratios. Thus, many polycationic chains are still free in solution. In this study, we investigated the detailed functions of free polyethylenimine chains (PEI-F) and free N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan chains (TMC-F) using the same polyplex, ie, TMC polyplex (TMC-P), which has high stability in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium (DMEM). Meanwhile, PEI polyplex (PEI-P)/PEI-F was also evaluated rather than PEI-P/TMC-F because the stability of PEI-P is low in DMEM and, in the latter case, the TMC-F may replace the bound PEI chain in PEI-P to form TMC-P. The transfection results show that both TMC-F and PEI-F can significantly increase the transfection efficiency of TMC-P; however, PEI-F can upregulate the gene expression of TMC-P more efficiently than TMC-F. Further investigations on the endocytosis and intracellular trafficking show that PEI-P/PEI-F, TMC-P/PEI-F, and TMC-P/TMC-F exhibit similar cellular uptake efficiency. However, by shutting down the clathrin-mediated endocytosis or vacuolar proton pump, the transfection efficiency decreases in the order of PEI-P/PEI-F > TMC-P/PEI-F > TMC-P/TMC-F. These findings indicate that PEI-F and TMC-F may promote the transfection efficiency of the polyplex by affecting its cellular uptake pathway and intracellular trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymer, Advanced Materials Laboratory, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Liu
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital and Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Suhang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymer, Advanced Materials Laboratory, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengzhong Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymer, Advanced Materials Laboratory, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Szilagyi I, Trefalt G, Tiraferri A, Maroni P, Borkovec M. Polyelectrolyte adsorption, interparticle forces, and colloidal aggregation. SOFT MATTER 2014; 10:2479-2502. [PMID: 24647366 DOI: 10.1039/c3sm52132j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This review summarizes the current understanding of adsorption of polyelectrolytes to oppositely charged solid substrates, the resulting interaction forces between such substrates, and consequences for colloidal particle aggregation. The following conclusions can be reached based on experimental findings. Polyelectrolytes adsorb to oppositely charged solid substrates irreversibly up to saturation, whereby loose and thin monolayers are formed. The adsorbed polyelectrolytes normally carry a substantial amount of charge, which leads to a charge reversal. Frequently, the adsorbed films are laterally heterogeneous. With increasing salt levels, the adsorbed mass increases leading to thicker and more homogeneous films. Interaction forces between surfaces coated with saturated polyelectrolyte layers are governed at low salt levels by repulsive electric double layer interactions, and particle suspensions are stable under these conditions. At appropriately high salt levels, the forces become attractive, principally due to van der Waals interactions, but eventually also through other forces, and suspensions become unstable. This situation can be rationalized with the classical theory of Derjaguin, Landau, Verwey, and Overbeek (DLVO). Due to the irreversible nature of the adsorption process, stable unsaturated layers form in colloidal particle suspensions at lower polyelectrolyte doses. An unsaturated polyelectrolyte layer can neutralize the overall particle surface charge. Away from the charge reversal point, electric double layer forces are dominant and particle suspensions are stable. As the charge reversal point is approached, attractive van der Waals forces become important, and particle suspensions become unstable. This behaviour is again in line with the DLVO theory, which may even apply quantitatively, provided the polyelectrolyte films are sufficiently laterally homogeneous. For heterogeneous films, additional attractive patch-charge interactions may become important. Depletion interactions may also lead to attractive forces and suspension destabilization, but such interactions become important only at high polyelectrolyte concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Istvan Szilagyi
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Sciences II, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland.
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Gong X, Wang Z, Ngai T. Direct measurements of particle–surface interactions in aqueous solutions with total internal reflection microscopy. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:6556-70. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc00624k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This feature article reviews the experimental studies of the interactions between designed colloidal surfaces in the presence or absence of macromolecules/nanoparticles including depletion attraction, steric repulsion, bridging flocculation, and specific interactions by using Total Internal Reflection Microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangjun Gong
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhaohui Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - To Ngai
- Department of Chemistry
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- Shatin, Hong Kong
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