1
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Yoshiko T, Sato D, Yamamoto T. Fibrous self-assembly of liquid crystal made by self-organisation. LIQUID CRYSTALS TODAY 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/1358314x.2022.2179827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Takenaka Yoshiko
- Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - D. Sato
- Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
- Department of Applied Physics, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T. Yamamoto
- Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
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2
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Wei WS, Jeong J, Collings PJ, Yodh AG. Focal conic flowers, dislocation rings, and undulation textures in smectic liquid crystal Janus droplets. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:4360-4371. [PMID: 35608219 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm01623g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Liquid crystalline phases of matter often exhibit visually stunning patterns or textures. Mostly, these liquid crystal (LC) configurations are uniquely determined by bulk LC elasticity, surface anchoring conditions, and confinement geometry. Here, we experimentally explore defect textures of the smectic LC phase in unique confining geometries with variable curvature. We show that a complex range of director configurations can arise from a single system, depending on sample processing procedures. Specifically, we report on LC textures in Janus drops comprised of silicone oil and 8CB in its smectic-A LC phase. The Janus droplets were made in aqueous suspension using solvent-induced phase separation. After drop creation, smectic layers form in the LC compartment, but their self-assembly is frustrated by the need to accommodate both the bowl-shaped cavity geometry and homeotropic (perpendicular) anchoring conditions at boundaries. A variety of stable and metastable smectic textures arise, including focal conic domains, dislocation rings, and undulations. We experimentally characterize their stabilities and follow their spatiotemporal evolution. Overall, a range of fabrication kinetics produce very different intermediate and final states. The observations elucidate assembly mechanisms and suggest new routes for fabrication of complex soft material structures in Janus drops and other confinement geometries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Shao Wei
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Laboratory for Research on the Structure of Matter (LRSM), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joonwoo Jeong
- Department of Physics, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, Republic of Korea.
| | - Peter J Collings
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, PA, USA
| | - A G Yodh
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Laboratory for Research on the Structure of Matter (LRSM), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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3
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Ho JCS, Su WC, Chun Wang X, Parikh AN, Liedberg B. Nonequilibrium Self-Organization of Lipids into Hierarchically Ordered and Compositionally Graded Cylindrical Smectics. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:1045-1056. [PMID: 35020400 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c02576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
When a dry mass of certain amphiphiles encounters water, a spectacular interfacial instability ensues: It gives rise to the formation of ensembles of fingerlike tubular protrusions called myelin figures─tens of micrometers wide and tens to hundreds of micrometers long─representing a novel class of nonequilibrium higher-order self-organization. Here, we report that when phase-separating mixtures of unsaturated lipid, cholesterol, and sphingomyelin are hydrated, the resulting myelins break symmetry and couple their compositional degrees of freedom with the extended myelinic morphology: They produce complementary, interlamellar radial gradients of concentrations of cholesterol (and sphingomyelin) and unsaturated lipid, which stands in stark contrast to interlamellar, lateral phase separation in equilibrated morphologies. Furthermore, the corresponding gradients of molecule-specific chemistries (i.e., cholesterol extraction by methyl-β-cyclodextrin and GM1 binding by cholera toxin) produce unusual morphologies comprising compositionally graded vesicles and buckled tubes. We propose that kinetic differences in the information processing of hydration characteristics of individual molecules while expending energy dictate this novel behavior of lipid mixtures undergoing hydration.
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Affiliation(s)
- James C S Ho
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, 637553 Singapore
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798 Singapore
| | | | - Xuan Chun Wang
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, 637553 Singapore
| | - Atul N Parikh
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, 637553 Singapore
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798 Singapore
| | - Bo Liedberg
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, 637553 Singapore
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798 Singapore
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4
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Khodaparast S, Sharratt WN, Dalgliesh RM, Cabral JT. Growth of Myelin Figures from Parent Multilamellar Vesicles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:12512-12517. [PMID: 34647752 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c02464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We examine the formation and growth of isolated myelin figures and microscale multilamellar tubules from isotropic micellar solutions of an anionic surfactant. Upon cooling, surfactant micelles transform into multilamellar vesicles (MLVs) whose contact is found to trigger the unidirectional growth of myelins. While the MLV diameter grows as dMLV ∝ t1/2, myelins grow linearly in time as LM ∝ t1, with a fixed diameter. Combining time-resolved small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) and optical microscopy, we demonstrate that the microscopic growth of spherical MLVs and cylindrical myelins stems from the same nanoscale molecular mechanism, namely, the surfactant exchange from micelles into curved lamellar structures at a constant volumetric rate. This mechanism successfully describes the growth rate of (nonequilibrium) myelin figures based on a population balance at thermodynamic equilibrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Khodaparast
- Leeds Institute of Fluid Dynamics (LIFD), School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT Leeds, U.K
| | - William N Sharratt
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ London, U.K
| | - Robert M Dalgliesh
- ISIS Neutron and Muon Source, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, OX11 0QX Didcot, U.K
| | - João T Cabral
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ London, U.K
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5
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Benkowska-Biernacka D, Smalyukh II, Matczyszyn K. Morphology of Lyotropic Myelin Figures Stained with a Fluorescent Dye. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:11974-11979. [PMID: 33347307 PMCID: PMC7872420 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c08907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Lyotropic myelin figures (MFs), i.e., long cylindrical structures formed by certain surfactants, owe their name to their resemblance to the biological membrane that covers nerve fibers. Herein, we used a strong bilayer-forming zwitterionic phospholipid stained by the Nile Red dye to study lamellar mesophases. Polarized optical microscopy and fluorescence confocal microscopy allowed us to investigate the morphology of myelin structures and determine the orientational order of amphiphilic molecules. The cross-sectional views reveal significant differences in the configurations of MFs within the liquid crystalline cell, as well as the details of a spontaneous and stimulated formation of branched lipid tubes. Our results provide insights into small-scale morphology and out-of-equilibrium structural changes in the multilamellar structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Benkowska-Biernacka
- Advanced
Materials Engineering and Modelling Group, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wyb. Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Ivan I. Smalyukh
- Department
of Physics and Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Katarzyna Matczyszyn
- Advanced
Materials Engineering and Modelling Group, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wyb. Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
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6
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Toyota T, Sugiyama H, Hiroi S, Ito H, Kitahata H. Chemically artificial rovers based on self-propelled droplets in micrometer-scale environment. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2020.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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7
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Wei WS, Xia Y, Ettinger S, Yang S, Yodh AG. Molecular heterogeneity drives reconfigurable nematic liquid crystal drops. Nature 2019; 576:433-436. [PMID: 31853082 PMCID: PMC6927531 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1809-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
With few exceptions1-3, polydispersity or molecular heterogeneity in matter tends to impede self-assembly and state transformation. For example, shape transformations of liquid droplets with monodisperse ingredients have been reported in equilibrium4-7 and non-equilibrium studies8,9, and these transition phenomena were understood on the basis of homogeneous material responses. Here, by contrast, we study equilibrium suspensions of drops composed of polydisperse nematic liquid crystal oligomers (NLCOs). Surprisingly, molecular heterogeneity in the polydisperse drops promotes reversible shape transitions to a rich variety of non-spherical morphologies with unique internal structure. We find that variation of oligomer chain length distribution, temperature, and surfactant concentration alters the balance between NLCO elastic energy and interfacial energy, and drives formation of nematic structures that range from roughened spheres to 'flower' shapes to branched filamentous networks with controllable diameters. The branched structures with confined liquid crystal director fields can be produced reversibly over areas of at least one square centimetre and can be converted into liquid crystal elastomers by ultraviolet curing. Observations and modelling reveal that chain length polydispersity plays a crucial role in driving these morphogenic phenomena, via spatial segregation. This insight suggests new routes for encoding network structure and function in soft materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Shao Wei
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Laboratory for Research on the Structure of Matter (LRSM), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Yu Xia
- Laboratory for Research on the Structure of Matter (LRSM), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sophie Ettinger
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Laboratory for Research on the Structure of Matter (LRSM), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shu Yang
- Laboratory for Research on the Structure of Matter (LRSM), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - A G Yodh
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Laboratory for Research on the Structure of Matter (LRSM), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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8
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Dadalyan T, Galstian T. Local pulses of electrical potential can induce long-range transient excitations in self-aligned molecular films. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12346. [PMID: 31451713 PMCID: PMC6710425 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48836-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural liquids can contain self-aligned molecules (such as liquid crystals and biological membranes) which give them unique properties of anisotropic diffusion, coupling between the molecular orientation and flow, etc. Here, we describe the observation of new phenomena in those materials: long-distance transport and molecular orientation waves that are induced by pulses of spatially localized electrical potential. As a result, the morphological properties of the material are significantly altered well beyond the reach of the electrical field. The local dielectric torque-induced reduction of the effective molecular volume and corresponding pressure gradients are in the origin of these phenomena. Our observations are made for electric fields that are an order of magnitude smaller than those present in biological membranes. Thus, this discovery may have important impact on the understanding of the operation of these membranes and on the dynamics of action potential propagation in neural cells. The corresponding possible influence of observed excitation mechanisms on the ionic gates and the role of myelin sheath are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Dadalyan
- Center for Optics, Photonics and Laser, Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Optics, Université Laval. 2375 Rue de la Terrasse, Québec (Qc), G1V 0A6, Canada.,Yerevan State University, 1 Alek Manukyan St, Yerevan, 0025, Armenia
| | - T Galstian
- Center for Optics, Photonics and Laser, Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Optics, Université Laval. 2375 Rue de la Terrasse, Québec (Qc), G1V 0A6, Canada.
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9
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Dogishi Y, Sakai Y, Sohn WY, Katayama K. Optically induced motion of liquid crystalline droplets. SOFT MATTER 2018; 14:8085-8089. [PMID: 30209505 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm01426d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The controlled motion of a liquid crystalline active droplet was demonstrated in a surfactant solution and by irradiation with UV light. The droplet could be induced to roll on a glass substrate toward the UV light source. This was explained by the Marangoni flow induced by the UV-induced desorption of surfactants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiharu Dogishi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Chuo University, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan.
| | - Yota Sakai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Chuo University, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan.
| | - Woon Yong Sohn
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Chuo University, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan.
| | - Kenji Katayama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Chuo University, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan. and PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Saitama 332-0012, Japan
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10
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Campi G, Di Gioacchino M, Poccia N, Ricci A, Burghammer M, Ciasca G, Bianconi A. Nanoscale Correlated Disorder in Out-of-Equilibrium Myelin Ultrastructure. ACS NANO 2018; 12:729-739. [PMID: 29281257 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b07897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Ultrastructural fluctuations at nanoscale are fundamental to assess properties and functionalities of advanced out-of-equilibrium materials. We have taken myelin as a model of supramolecular assembly in out-of-equilibrium living matter. Myelin sheath is a simple stable multilamellar structure of high relevance and impact in biomedicine. Although it is known that myelin has a quasi-crystalline ultrastructure, there is no information on its fluctuations at nanoscale in different states due to limitations of the available standard techniques. To overcome these limitations, we have used scanning micro X-ray diffraction, which is a unique non-invasive probe of both reciprocal and real space to visualize statistical fluctuations of myelin order of the sciatic nerve of Xenopus laevis. The results show that the ultrastructure period of the myelin is stabilized by large anticorrelated fluctuations at nanoscale, between hydrophobic and hydrophilic layers. The ratio between the total thickness of hydrophilic and hydrophobic layers defines the conformational parameter, which describes the different states of myelin. Our key result is that myelin in its out-of-equilibrium functional state fluctuates point-to-point between different conformations showing a correlated disorder described by a Levy distribution. As the system approaches the thermodynamic equilibrium in an aged state, the disorder loses its correlation degree and the structural fluctuation distribution changes to Gaussian. In a denatured state at low pH, it changes to a completely disordered stage. Our results aim to clarify the degradation mechanism in biological systems by associating these states with ultrastructural dynamic fluctuations at nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Campi
- Institute of Crystallography, CNR , via Salaria, Km 29.300, 00015 Monterotondo Roma, Italy
| | - Michael Di Gioacchino
- Institute of Crystallography, CNR , via Salaria, Km 29.300, 00015 Monterotondo Roma, Italy
- Rome International Center for Materials Science Superstripes (RICMASS) , Via dei Sabelli 119A, 00185 Roma, Italy
- Department of Science, Nanoscience section, Roma Tre University , Via della Vasca Navale 84, 00146 Roma, Italy
| | - Nicola Poccia
- Department of Physics, Harvard University , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Alessandro Ricci
- Rome International Center for Materials Science Superstripes (RICMASS) , Via dei Sabelli 119A, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Manfred Burghammer
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility , 6 Rue Jules Horowitz, BP220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex, France
| | - Gabriele Ciasca
- Physics Institute, Catholic University of Sacred Heart , Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Bianconi
- Institute of Crystallography, CNR , via Salaria, Km 29.300, 00015 Monterotondo Roma, Italy
- Rome International Center for Materials Science Superstripes (RICMASS) , Via dei Sabelli 119A, 00185 Roma, Italy
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute) , Kashirskoe shosse 31, 115409 Moscow, Russia
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11
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Choi H, Kim JJ, Mo YH, Reddy BM, Park SE. Novelty of Dynamic Process in the Synthesis of Biocompatible Silica Nanotubes by Biomimetic Glycyldodecylamide as a Soft Template. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:10707-10714. [PMID: 28920442 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b02881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A dynamic process in the synthesis of silica nanotubes (SNTs) by utilizing glycyldodecylamide (GDA) as a soft template was thoroughly investigated. The morphological evolution from GDA to SNTs was deeply explored to elucidate the formation mechanism for optimizing the synthesis procedure. Various analytical tools, namely, XRD, FTIR, SEM, TEM, Z-potential, and N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms, were employed during the synthesis procedure. The interactive structure of GDA was also investigated using TEM-EDX as a function of aging time. These studies revealed the stepwise morphology of nanograin, nanofiber, curved plate, and nanotube in the ethanol/water solution when aged at room temperature. The supramolecular GDA molded the vesicle type nanostructure which was surrounded by silica and facilitated the formation of uniform SNTs. The stimulus for GDA to be curved into a vesicle was the intermolecular hydrogen bonding between adjacent amide groups of the template molecules. This was illustrated by FTIR spectra of GDA-silica intermediate by detecting the transition of amide I peak from 1678 to 1635 cm-1. The effect of hydrogen bonding became stronger when the sample was aged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyejung Choi
- Laboratory of Nano-Green Catalysis & Nano-center for Fine Chemicals Fusion Technology, Department of Chemistry, Inha University , Incheon 402-751, Republic of Korea
| | - Joong-Jo Kim
- Laboratory of Nano-Green Catalysis & Nano-center for Fine Chemicals Fusion Technology, Department of Chemistry, Inha University , Incheon 402-751, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Hwan Mo
- Laboratory of Nano-Green Catalysis & Nano-center for Fine Chemicals Fusion Technology, Department of Chemistry, Inha University , Incheon 402-751, Republic of Korea
| | - Benjaram M Reddy
- Laboratory of Nano-Green Catalysis & Nano-center for Fine Chemicals Fusion Technology, Department of Chemistry, Inha University , Incheon 402-751, Republic of Korea
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology , Uppal Road, Hyderabad-500 007, India
| | - Sang-Eon Park
- Laboratory of Nano-Green Catalysis & Nano-center for Fine Chemicals Fusion Technology, Department of Chemistry, Inha University , Incheon 402-751, Republic of Korea
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12
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Quémener M, Galstian T, Marmin T, Laroche V, Dory YL. Diffusion of chiral molecules and propagation of structural chirality in anisotropic liquids. Phys Rev E 2017; 95:052701. [PMID: 28618576 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.95.052701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Diffusion in nature is usually considered as a smooth redistribution process. However, it appears that the diffusion of chiral molecules and the propagation of chirality may proceed in quite different ways. Indeed, in the present work, unexpected quantization of the spatial concentration of chiral molecules is discovered in self-aligned molecular liquids. It is shown that the interpenetration of two liquids is forming discrete diffusion barrier walls resulting in steplike concentration distribution of chiral molecules in space. The concentration gradient is at least an order of magnitude stronger from both sides of the barrier wall compared to the gradient between those walls. It is also shown that this microscopic diffusion process may be controlled by macroscopic boundary conditions imposed on the host molecular system. Both of those phenomena are related to the collective long-range orientational "elastic" interactions of molecules of the host. The observed phenomena may radically change our understanding of diffusion of chiral molecules, among others, in biological tissue, which contains many examples of self-aligned molecular liquids. This, in turn, has the potential to revolutionize drug design and delivery techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireille Quémener
- Université Laval, Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Optics Québec, Québec, Canada G1V 0A6
| | - Tigran Galstian
- Université Laval, Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Optics Québec, Québec, Canada G1V 0A6
| | - Thomas Marmin
- Université de Sherbrooke, Département de Biochimie, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada J1H 5N4
| | - Victoria Laroche
- Université de Sherbrooke, Département de Biochimie, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada J1H 5N4
| | - Yves L Dory
- Université de Sherbrooke, Département de Biochimie, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada J1H 5N4
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13
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Čejková J, Štěpánek F, Hanczyc MM. Evaporation-Induced Pattern Formation of Decanol Droplets. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:4800-4805. [PMID: 27116007 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b01062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Pattern formation in far-from-equilibrium systems is observed in several disciplines including biology, geophysics, and reaction-diffusion chemistry, comprising both living and nonliving systems. We aim to study such nonequilibrium dynamics on the laboratory scale with materials of simple composition. We present a novel system based on a 1-decanol droplet placed in a solution of alkaline decanoate. Previously, we showed the short time scale behavior of this system, which included chemotaxis and maze solving. Here we explore long time scale dynamics of the system (several hours) when open to the environment. We observe dramatic morphological changes in the droplet including long tentacular structures, and we analyze the morphology of these structures at both the macroscopic and microscopic scales across a large range of initial conditions. Such reproducible morphological changes in simple droplets open a path to the exploration of shape-based effects in larger-scale pattern-formation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitka Čejková
- Laboratory for Artificial Biology, Centre for Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento , Via Sommarive 9, I-38123 Povo (TN), Italy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague , Technicka 3, Prague 6, 166 28, Czech Republic
| | - František Štěpánek
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague , Technicka 3, Prague 6, 166 28, Czech Republic
| | - Martin M Hanczyc
- Laboratory for Artificial Biology, Centre for Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento , Via Sommarive 9, I-38123 Povo (TN), Italy
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14
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Benedini LA, Sequeira MA, Fanani ML, Maggio B, Dodero VI. Development of a Nonionic Azobenzene Amphiphile for Remote Photocontrol of a Model Biomembrane. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:4053-63. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b00303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Luciano A. Benedini
- Instituto
de Química del Sur (INQUISUR−CONICET), Departamento
de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur, 8000FTN Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - M. Alejandra Sequeira
- Instituto
de Química del Sur (INQUISUR−CONICET), Departamento
de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur, 8000FTN Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Maria Laura Fanani
- Centro
de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba
(CIQUIBIC−CONICET), Departamento de Química Biológica,
Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional del Córdoba, Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Bruno Maggio
- Centro
de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba
(CIQUIBIC−CONICET), Departamento de Química Biológica,
Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional del Córdoba, Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Verónica I. Dodero
- Instituto
de Química del Sur (INQUISUR−CONICET), Departamento
de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur, 8000FTN Bahía Blanca, Argentina
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15
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Fukamachi T, Endo T, Yabuki Y, Ogura T, Misono T, Torigoe K, Sakai K, Abe M, Sakai H. Synthesis of Silica Nanotube Using Myelin Figure as Template and their Formation Mechanism. J Oleo Sci 2016; 64:663-72. [PMID: 26028328 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess15029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Silica nanotubes are synthesized through a sol-gel reaction of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) using myelin figures of Pluronic P123 as the structure-directing agent. The simultaneous progression of the formation of molecular assemblies that act as templates and the formation of silica frameworks though a sol-gel reaction of the silica precursor is a characteristic of this reaction system. The synthesized silica nanotubes were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nitrogen adsorption/desorption measurements, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The silica nanotubes were unilamellar with diameters of approximately 30 nm, membrane thicknesses of approximately 10 nm, and lengths exceeding a few hundred nanometers. The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) specific surface area was 589.46 m(2)/g. Silica nanotubes can also be obtained using other Pluronic surfactants that can form myelin figures. In this work, we also investigated the formation mechanism of the silica nanotubes. The typical diameter of a myelin figure is a few tens of micrometers. However, myelin figures with diameters of approximately 10 µm can form in systems with TEOS because bifurcation is induced by minute silica nuclei that form during the initial reaction between TEOS and water. Freeze fracture TEM (FF-TEM) observations revealed the existence of myelin figures with diameters of 20 to 30 nm, which are the same size and shape as the synthesized silica nanotubes. These results indicate that bifurcation of the myelin figures is induced by the silica nuclei that form via the initial reaction of TEOS, which result in the formation of bifurcated myelin figures with diameters of ~10 µm. Myelin figures with diameters of 20 to 30 nm form on the surface, and they become templates where the reaction of TEOS progresses to form silica nanotubes with diameters of approximately 30 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Fukamachi
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science
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Denkov N, Tcholakova S, Lesov I, Cholakova D, Smoukov SK. Self-shaping of oil droplets via the formation of intermediate rotator phases upon cooling. Nature 2015; 528:392-5. [DOI: 10.1038/nature16189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Kageyama Y, Ikegami T, Hiramatsu N, Takeda S, Sugawara T. Structure and growth behavior of centimeter-sized helical oleate assemblies formed with assistance of medium-length carboxylic acids. SOFT MATTER 2015; 11:3550-3558. [PMID: 25781720 DOI: 10.1039/c5sm00370a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The nonequilibrium organization of self-assemblies from small building-block molecules offers an attractive and essential means to develop advanced functional materials and to understand the intrinsic nature of life systems. Fatty acids are well-known amphiphiles that form self-assemblies of several shapes. Here, we found that the lengths of helical structures of oleic acid formed in a buffered aqueous solution are dramatically different by the presence or absence of certain amphiphilic carboxylic acids. For example, under the coexistence of a small amount of N-decanoyl-l-alanine, we observed the formation of over 1 centimeter-long helical assemblies of oleate with a regular pitch and radius, whereas mainly less than 100 μm-long helices formed without this additive. Such long helical assemblies are unique in terms of their highly dimensional helical structure and growth dynamics. Results from the real-time observation of self-assembly formation, site-selective small-angle X-ray scattering, high-performance liquid chromatography analysis, and pH titration experiments suggested that the coexisting carboxylates assist in elongation by supplying oleate molecules to a scaffold for oleate helical assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyuki Kageyama
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan.
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Soejima T, Amako Y, Ito S, Kimizuka N. Light-reducible dissipative nanostructures formed at the solid-liquid interface. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:14219-14225. [PMID: 25370594 DOI: 10.1021/la5036568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Dissipative structures are macroscopic or even larger ordered structures that emerge under conditions far from thermodynamic equilibrium. In contrast, molecular self-assembly has been investigated near at the thermodynamic equilibrium, which provides basically smaller, nano-to-micron sized structures. In terms of the formation principles, there exists an essential gap between the dissipative structures and molecular self-assemblies. To fill this gap, molecular self-assembly of light-reducible organic-inorganic ion pairs was investigated under far-from-equilibrium conditions. When solid films of tetraalkylammonium hexafluorophosphate were immersed in aqueous Au(OH)4(-) and immediately photoirradiated, gold nanowires are formed at the solid-aqueous interface. On the other hand, such nanowires were not formed when the photoirradiation was conducted for the specimens after a prolonged immersion period of 60 min. These observations indicate spontaneous growth of dissipative nanofibrous self-assemblies consisting of light-reducible ion pairs [tetraalkylammonium ion][Au(OH)4(-)] at the interface and their photoreduction to give developed nanowires. These nanowires are not available by the photoreduction of Au(OH)4(-) ions under conditions near at the thermodynamic equilibrium. A picture for the dissipative nanostructures is obtained: the formation of amphiphilic light-reducible nanowire structures is based on the static self-assembly near at the thermodynamic equilibrium, whereas their spontaneous, anisotropic growth from the interface to the aqueous phase is directed by dynamic, dissipative self-assembly phenomena under the far-from-equilibrium conditions. Thus, the both elements of dissipative self-assembly (dynamic) and static molecular self-assembly fuse together at the nanoscale, which is an essential feature of the dissipative nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuro Soejima
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kinki University , 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
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