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Ogawa S, Chattopadhyay S, Tanaka Y, Ohto T, Tada T, Tada H, Fujii S, Nishino T, Akita M. Control of dominant conduction orbitals by peripheral substituents in paddle-wheel diruthenium alkynyl molecular junctions. Chem Sci 2021; 12:10871-10877. [PMID: 34476066 PMCID: PMC8372547 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc02407h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Control of charge carriers that transport through the molecular junctions is essential for thermoelectric materials. In general, the charge carrier depends on the dominant conduction orbitals and is dominantly determined by the terminal anchor groups. The present study discloses the synthesis, physical properties in solution, and single-molecule conductance of paddle-wheel diruthenium complexes 1R having diarylformamidinato supporting ligands (DArF: p-R-C6H4-NCHN-C6H4-R-p) and two axial thioanisylethynyl conducting anchor groups, revealing unique substituent effects with respect to the conduction orbitals. The complexes 1R with a few different aryl substituents (R = OMe, H, Cl, and CF3) were fully characterized by spectroscopic and crystallographic analyses. The single-molecule conductance determined by the scanning tunneling microscope break junction (STM-BJ) technique was in the 10-5 to 10-4 G 0 region, and the order of conductance was 1OMe > 1CF3 ≫ 1H ∼ 1Cl, which was not consistent with the Hammett substituent constants σ of R. Cyclic voltammetry revealed the narrow HOMO-LUMO gaps of 1R originating from the diruthenium motif, as further supported by the DFT study. The DFT-NEGF analysis of this unique result revealed that the dominant conductance routes changed from HOMO conductance (for 1OMe) to LUMO conductance (for 1CF3). The drastic change in the conductance properties originates from the intrinsic narrow HOMO-LUMO gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiori Ogawa
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku 226-8503 Yokohama Japan
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku 226-8503 Yokohama Japan
| | | | - Yuya Tanaka
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku 226-8503 Yokohama Japan
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku 226-8503 Yokohama Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Ohto
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka Osaka 560-8531 Japan
| | - Tomofumi Tada
- Kyushu University Platform of Inter/Transdisciplinary Energy Research, Research Facilities for Co-Evolutional Social Systems, Kyushu University 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Hirokazu Tada
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka Osaka 560-8531 Japan
| | - Shintaro Fujii
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku 152-8551 Tokyo Japan
| | - Tomoaki Nishino
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku 152-8551 Tokyo Japan
| | - Munetaka Akita
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku 226-8503 Yokohama Japan
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku 226-8503 Yokohama Japan
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Banziger SD, Ren T. Syntheses, structures and bonding of 3d metal alkynyl complexes of cyclam and its derivatives. J Organomet Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2019.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Mousli Y, Rouvière L, Traboulsi I, Hunel J, Buffeteau T, Heuzé K, Vellutini L, Genin E. Hydrosilylation of Azide-Containing Olefins as a Convenient Access to Azidoorganotrialkoxysilanes for Self-Assembled Monolayer Elaboration onto Silica by Spin Coating. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201800858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yannick Mousli
- ISM, UMR 5255 CNRS; University of Bordeaux; F-33400 Talence France
| | - Lisa Rouvière
- ISM, UMR 5255 CNRS; University of Bordeaux; F-33400 Talence France
| | - Iman Traboulsi
- ISM, UMR 5255 CNRS; University of Bordeaux; F-33400 Talence France
| | - Julien Hunel
- ISM, UMR 5255 CNRS; University of Bordeaux; F-33400 Talence France
| | | | - Karine Heuzé
- ISM, UMR 5255 CNRS; University of Bordeaux; F-33400 Talence France
| | - Luc Vellutini
- ISM, UMR 5255 CNRS; University of Bordeaux; F-33400 Talence France
| | - Emilie Genin
- ISM, UMR 5255 CNRS; University of Bordeaux; F-33400 Talence France
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Ying JW, Liskey CW, Natoli SN, Betancourt SK, Liu L, Fanwick PE, Ren T. Study of small oligomers based on Ru2(DMBA)4 and meta-phenylene diethynylene. J Organomet Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2017.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Jang HJ, Richter CA. Organic Spin-Valves and Beyond: Spin Injection and Transport in Organic Semiconductors and the Effect of Interfacial Engineering. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1602739. [PMID: 27859663 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201602739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Since the first observation of the spin-valve effect through organic semiconductors, efforts to realize novel spintronic technologies based on organic semiconductors have been rapidly growing. However, a complete understanding of spin-polarized carrier injection and transport in organic semiconductors is still lacking and under debate. For example, there is still no clear understanding of major spin-flip mechanisms in organic semiconductors and the role of hybrid metal-organic interfaces in spin injection. Recent findings suggest that organic single crystals can provide spin-transport media with much less structural disorder relative to organic thin films, thus reducing momentum scattering. Additionally, modification of the band energetics, morphology, and even spin magnetic moment at the metal-organic interface by interface engineering can greatly impact the efficiency of spin-polarized carrier injection. Here, progress on efficient spin-polarized carrier injection into organic semiconductors from ferromagnetic metals by using various interface engineering techniques is presented, such as inserting a metallic interlayer, a molecular self-assembled monolayer (SAM), and a ballistic carrier emitter. In addition, efforts to realize long spin transport in single-crystalline organic semiconductors are discussed. The focus here is on understanding and maximizing spin-polarized carrier injection and transport in organic semiconductors and insight is provided for the realization of emerging organic spintronics technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyuk-Jae Jang
- Engineering Physics Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA
- Theiss Research, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Curt A Richter
- Engineering Physics Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA
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Hacker CA, Bruce RC, Pookpanratana SJ. Interface Engineering for Nanoelectronics. ECS TRANSACTIONS 2017; 80:119-131. [PMID: 29276553 PMCID: PMC5740487 DOI: 10.1149/08001.0119ecst] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Innovation in the electronics industry is tied to interface engineering as devices increasingly incorporate new materials and shrink. Molecular layers offer a versatile means of tuning interfacial electronic, chemical, physical, and magnetic properties enabled by a wide variety of molecules available. This paper will describe three instances where we manipulate molecular interfaces with a specific focus on the nanometer scale characterization and the impact on the resulting performance. The three primary themes include, 1-designer interfaces, 2-electronic junction formation, and 3-advancing metrology for nanoelectronics. We show the ability to engineer interfaces through a variety of techniques and demonstrate the impact on technologies such as molecular memory and spin injection for organic electronics. Underpinning the successful modification of interfaces is the ability to accurately characterize the chemical and electronic properties and we will highlight some measurement advances key to our understanding of the interface engineering for nanoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Hacker
- Engineering Physics Division, Physical Measurements Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
| | - R C Bruce
- Engineering Physics Division, Physical Measurements Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
| | - S J Pookpanratana
- Engineering Physics Division, Physical Measurements Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
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Chisholm R, Parkin JD, Smith AD, Hähner G. Isothiourea-Mediated Organocatalytic Michael Addition-Lactonization on a Surface: Modification of SAMs on Silicon Oxide Substrates. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:3130-3138. [PMID: 27015037 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b04686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Tailoring the functionality of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) can be achieved either by depositing prefunctionalized molecules with the appropriate terminal groups or by chemical modification of an existing SAM in situ. The latter approach is particularly advantageous to allow for diversity of surface functionalization from a single SAM and if the incorporation of bulky groups is desired. In the present study an organocatalytic isothiourea-mediated Michael addition-lactonization process analogous to a previously reported study in solution is presented. An achiral isothiourea, 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrimido[2,1-b]benzothiazole (DHPB), promotes the intermolecular Michael addition-lactonization of a trifluoromethylenone terminated SAM and a variety of arylacetic acids affording C(6)-trifluoromethyldihydropyranones tethered to the surface. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, contact angle, and ellipsometry analysis were conducted to confirm the presence of the substituted dihydropyranone. A model study of this approach was also performed in solution to probe the reaction diastereoselectivity as it cannot be measured directly on the surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross Chisholm
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews , North Haugh, St. Andrews KY16 9ST, U.K
| | - John D Parkin
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews , North Haugh, St. Andrews KY16 9ST, U.K
| | - Andrew D Smith
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews , North Haugh, St. Andrews KY16 9ST, U.K
| | - Georg Hähner
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews , North Haugh, St. Andrews KY16 9ST, U.K
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Pookpanratana S, Zhu H, Bittle EG, Natoli SN, Ren T, Richter CA, Li Q, Hacker CA. Non-volatile memory devices with redox-active diruthenium molecular compound. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2016; 28:094009. [PMID: 26871549 PMCID: PMC4929986 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/28/9/094009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Reduction-oxidation (redox) active molecules hold potential for memory devices due to their many unique properties. We report the use of a novel diruthenium-based redox molecule incorporated into a non-volatile Flash-based memory device architecture. The memory capacitor device structure consists of a Pd/Al2O3/molecule/SiO2/Si structure. The bulky ruthenium redox molecule is attached to the surface by using a 'click' reaction and the monolayer structure is characterized by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to verify the Ru attachment and molecular density. The 'click' reaction is particularly advantageous for memory applications because of (1) ease of chemical design and synthesis, and (2) provides an additional spatial barrier between the oxide/silicon to the diruthenium molecule. Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy data identified the energy of the electronic levels of the surface before and after surface modification. The molecular memory devices display an unsaturated charge storage window attributed to the intrinsic properties of the redox-active molecule. Our findings demonstrate the strengths and challenges with integrating molecular layers within solid-state devices, which will influence the future design of molecular memory devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Pookpanratana
- Semiconductor and Dimensional Metrology Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA
| | - H. Zhu
- Semiconductor and Dimensional Metrology Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, George Mason University, USA
| | - E. G. Bittle
- Semiconductor and Dimensional Metrology Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA
| | | | - T. Ren
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, USA
| | - C. A Richter
- Semiconductor and Dimensional Metrology Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA
| | - Q. Li
- Semiconductor and Dimensional Metrology Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, George Mason University, USA
| | - C. A. Hacker
- Semiconductor and Dimensional Metrology Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA
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Ren T. Sustainable metal alkynyl chemistry: 3d metals and polyaza macrocyclic ligands. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:3271-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc09365a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This article describes the recent development of sustainable metal-alkynyl chemistry based on the combination of 3d metals and polyaza macrocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Ren
- Department of Chemistry
- Purdue University
- West Lafayette
- USA
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