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Jennings J, Pabst G. Multiple Routes to Bicontinuous Cubic Liquid Crystal Phases Discovered by High-Throughput Self-Assembly Screening of Multi-Tail Lipidoids. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2206747. [PMID: 37026678 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Bicontinuous cubic phases offer advantageous routes to a broad range of applied materials ranging from drug delivery devices to membranes. However, a priori design of molecules that assemble into these phases remains a technological challenge. In this article, a high-throughput synthesis of lipidoids that undergo protonation-driven self-assembly (PrSA) into liquid crystalline (LC) phases is conducted. With this screening approach, 12 different multi-tail lipidoid structures capable of assembling into the bicontinuous double gyroid phase are discovered. The large volume of small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) data uncovers unexpected design criteria that enable phase selection as a function of lipidoid headgroup size and architecture, tail length and architecture, and counterion identity. Surprisingly, combining branched headgroups with bulky tails forces lipidoids to adopt unconventional pseudo-disc conformations that pack into double gyroid networks, entirely distinct from other synthetic or biological amphiphiles within bicontinuous cubic phases. From a multitude of possible applications, two examples of functional materials from lipidoid liquid crystals are demonstrated. First, the fabrication of gyroid nanostructured films by interfacial PrSA, which are rapidly responsive to the external medium. Second, it is shown that colloidally-dispersed lipidoid cubosomes, for example, for drug delivery, are easily assembled using top-down solvent evaporation methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Jennings
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Graz, 8010, Austria
- Field of Excellence BioHealth, University of Graz, Graz, 8010, Austria
| | - Georg Pabst
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Graz, 8010, Austria
- Field of Excellence BioHealth, University of Graz, Graz, 8010, Austria
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2
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Yada S, Yoshioka Y, Ohno M, Koda T, Yoshimura T. Adsorption and aggregation properties of homogeneous polyoxyethylene alkyl ether- and ester-type nonionic surfactants with multi-branched double chains. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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3
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Jennings J, Carter MCD, Son CY, Cui Q, Lynn DM, Mahanthappa MK. Protonation-Driven Aqueous Lyotropic Self-Assembly of Synthetic Six-Tail Lipidoids. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:8240-8252. [PMID: 32649210 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c01369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We report the aqueous lyotropic mesophase behaviors of protonated amine-based "lipidoids," a class of synthetic lipid-like molecules that mirrors essential structural features of the multitail bacterial amphiphile lipid A. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) studies demonstrate that the protonation of the tetra(amine) headgroups of six-tail lipidoids in aqueous HCl, HNO3, H2SO4, and H3PO4 solutions variably drives their self-assembly into lamellar (Lα) and inverse micellar (III) lyotropic liquid crystals (LLCs), depending on acid identity and concentration, amphiphile tail length, and temperature. Lipidoid assemblies formed in H2SO4(aq) exhibit rare inverse body-centered cubic (BCC) and inverse face-centered cubic (FCC) micellar morphologies, the latter of which unexpectedly coexists with zero mean curvature Lα phases. Complementary atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulations furnish detailed insights into this unusual self-assembly behavior. The unique aqueous lyotropic mesophase behaviors of ammonium lipidoids originate in their dichotomous ability to adopt both inverse conical and chain-extended molecular conformations depending on the number of counterions and their identity, which lead to coexisting supramolecular assemblies with remarkably different mean interfacial curvatures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Mahesh K Mahanthappa
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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4
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Inorganic-organic crystalline synthetic bilayers consisting of polyoxomolybdate and double-chained surfactants. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2020.107933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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5
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Berlepsch HV, Thota BNS, Wyszogrodzka M, de Carlo S, Haag R, Böttcher C. Controlled self-assembly of stomatosomes by use of single-component fluorinated dendritic amphiphiles. SOFT MATTER 2018; 14:5256-5269. [PMID: 29888366 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm00243f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A series of novel non-ionic amphiphiles with dendritic oligoglycerol head groups of different generations ([G1]-[G3]) and lipophilic/fluorophilic tail segments, comprising single or double tail alkyl chains, C8F17-perfluoro rod segments as well as flexible spacer groups of different lengths were designed and synthesized. We expected that the differences in the size of the dendritic head groups in combination with perfluorinated segments would have an impact on the supramolecular structures formed in aqueous solution if compared with the hydrogenated analogues. Investigating the self-assembly behavior mainly by cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) and cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET) we found as a new result the formation of perforated bilayer vesicles (stomatosomes) and bicontinuous network structures. Surprisingly, we have observed stomatosome formation by self-assembly of single component fluorinated dendritic amphiphiles. These assembly structures turned out to be extremely robust against harsh conditions, although there are strong indications that they represent non-equilibrium structures, which eventually transform into a bicontinuous cubic network structure of double diamond symmetry. In general, the molecular asymmetry of amphiphiles tuned by chemical design induced the expected trend from spherical micelles through worm-like micelles to perforated bilayers and three-dimensional network structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- H V Berlepsch
- Forschungszentrum für Elektronenmikroskopie, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 36a, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
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6
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Mantha S, Jackson GL, Mahanthappa MK, Yethiraj A. Counterion-Regulated Dynamics of Water Confined in Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline Morphologies. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:2408-2413. [PMID: 29397720 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b12034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The dynamics of confined water is of fundamental and long-standing interest. In technologically important forms of confinement, such as proton-exchange membranes, electrostatic interactions with the confining matrix and counterions play significant roles on the properties of water. There has been recent interest on the dynamics of water confined to the lyotropic liquid crystalline (LLC) morphologies of Gemini dicarboxylate surfactants. These systems are exciting because the nature of confinement, for example, size and curvature of channels and surface functionality is dictated by the chemistry of the self-assembling surfactant molecules. Quasielastic neutron scattering experiments have shown an interesting dependence of the water self-diffusion constant, Dα, on the identity (denoted α) of the counterion: at high hydration, the magnitude of the water self-diffusion constant is in the order DTMA < DNa < DK, where TMA, Na, and K refer to tetramethyl ammonium, sodium, and potassium counterions, respectively. This sequence is similar to what is seen in bulk electrolyte solutions. At low hydrations, however, the order of water self-diffusion is different, that is, DNa < DTMA < DK. In this work, we present molecular dynamics simulations for the dynamics of water in the LLC phases of dicarboxylate Gemini surfactants. The simulations reproduce the trends seen in experiments. From an analysis of the trajectories, we hypothesize that two competing factors play a role: the volume accessible to the water molecules and the correlations between the water and the counterion. The excluded volume effect is the largest with TMA+, and the electrostatic correlation is the strongest with Na+. The observed trend is a result of which of these two effects is dominant at a given water to surfactant ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sriteja Mantha
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin , Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Grayson L Jackson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin , Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Mahesh K Mahanthappa
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Arun Yethiraj
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin , Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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Lin HX, Yang MS, Tian C, Han CR, Song J, Duan JF, Jiang JX. Design of diversified self-assembly systems based on a natural rosin-based tertiary amine for doxorubicin delivery and excellent emulsification. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 165:191-198. [PMID: 29482130 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.01.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A novel rosin-based ester tertiary amine (RETA) with three hydrophilic groups and a rigid hydrophobic group was synthesized from rosin by Diels-Alder addition, acylation and esterification reactions. RETA was characterized by infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (13C NMR). Results from testing surface tension, zeta potential, and transmission electron spectroscopy showed that RETA had unique pH responsiveness. RETA self-assembled into worm-like micelles, spherical micelles 130 nm in diameter and big spherical worm-like aggregates with diameter of 2 μm at pH = 5.76, 8.04 and 9.38, respectively. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of RETA was 0.42 mmol/L, and the surface tension at CMC (γcmc) was 38.73 mN/m when pH was 8.04. The RETA had a potential application in delivering doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) due to the pH responsiveness. Self-assembly mixed systems of RETA and rosin-based phosphoric acid (DDPD) were designed to improve emulsification. The mixed systems had obvious synergistic effects and unexpected emulsification. The γcmc and CMC of mixtures were 41.74 mN/m and 0.20 mmol/L, the size of mixture micelles increased up to 300 nm in the optimum molar ratio of RETA/DDPD (7:3) by TEM and cryo-TEM. It was worth noting that the mixture system formed vesicles in the RETA/DDPD molar ratio of 5:5. The stability time of emulsion with RETA and DDPD as emulsifier were only 63 s and 52 s respectively, but the stability time increased to 234 s in the optimum molar ratio. In addition, the formation mechanisms of micelles at different pH and in various mixtures were discussed in detail. What's more, cytotoxicity results showed that the toxicity of RETA was lower significantly than that of lecithin, a food ingredient in egg yolk and soybean. The cell viability was more than 83% in the high concentration of RETA (4000 μg/ml).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Xia Lin
- MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulose Chemistry, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Ming-Sheng Yang
- MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulose Chemistry, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Chao Tian
- MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulose Chemistry, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Chun-Rui Han
- MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulose Chemistry, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China.
| | - Jie Song
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Michigan-Flint, Flint MI 48502, USA
| | - Jiu-Fang Duan
- MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulose Chemistry, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Jian-Xin Jiang
- MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulose Chemistry, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
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Mantha S, McDaniel JG, Perroni DV, Mahanthappa MK, Yethiraj A. Electrostatic Interactions Govern “Odd/Even” Effects in Water-Induced Gemini Surfactant Self-Assembly. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:565-576. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b06882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sriteja Mantha
- Department
of Chemistry and Theoretical Chemistry Institute, University of Wisconsin−Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Jesse G. McDaniel
- Department
of Chemistry and Theoretical Chemistry Institute, University of Wisconsin−Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Dominic V. Perroni
- Department
of Chemistry and Theoretical Chemistry Institute, University of Wisconsin−Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Mahesh K. Mahanthappa
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, 421 Washington Avenue, S.E., Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Arun Yethiraj
- Department
of Chemistry and Theoretical Chemistry Institute, University of Wisconsin−Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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Self-assembled structures and excellent surface properties of a novel anionic phosphate diester surfactant derived from natural rosin acids. J Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 486:67-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2016.09.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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10
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Properties and ionic self-assembled structures from mixture of a bola-type strong alkali dication and a branched phosphoric acid. J Colloid Interface Sci 2016; 472:157-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2016.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Li Y, Li H, Chai J, Chen M, Yang Q, Hao J. Self-Assembly and Rheological Properties of a Pseudogemini Surfactant Formed in a Salt-Free Catanionic Surfactant Mixture in Water. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:11209-11219. [PMID: 26406939 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b02491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The surface and bulk properties of bola-type dicarboxylic acid (sebacic acid, SA) and zwitterionic surfactant tetradecyldimethylamine oxide (C14DMAO) mixtures in aqueous solutions were studied. Surface tension measurements indicate a pronounced synergistic effect between SA and C14DMAO. In bulk aqueous solutions, rich phase behavior was observed with a varied SA-to-C14DMAO ratio (ρ) and a total surfactant concentration. Typically at ρ = 0.5, a novel pseudogemini surfactant (C14-S-C14) forms, driven by electrostatic interaction and hydrogen bonding. The C14-S-C14/H2O system exhibits rich phase behavior induced by the transition of aggregates. With increasing concentration of C14-S-C14, one can observe a viscous L1 phase, an L1/Lα two-phase region where a birefringent Lα phase is on the top of an L1 phase, a single Lα phase, and finally a mixture of an Lα phase and a precipitate. Microstructures formed in the Lα phases were determined by freeze-fracture transmission electron microscopy (FF-TEM) and cryogenic-transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) observations. Polymorphic aggregation behavior was observed with the formation of a variety of bilayer structures including unilamellar vesicles, onions, and open and hyperbranched bilayers. Rheological measurements showed that the Lα phases are viscoelastic and sensitive to temperature where a quick loss of viscoelasticity was observed at elevated temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Normal University , Jinan, Shandong Province 250014, China
| | - Hongguang Li
- Laboratory of Clean Energy Chemistry and Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730000, China
| | - Jinling Chai
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Normal University , Jinan, Shandong Province 250014, China
| | - Mengjun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry & Key Laboratory of Special Aggregated Materials, Shandong University, Ministry of Education , Jinan, Shandong Province 250100, China
| | - Qiao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry & Key Laboratory of Special Aggregated Materials, Shandong University, Ministry of Education , Jinan, Shandong Province 250100, China
| | - Jingcheng Hao
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry & Key Laboratory of Special Aggregated Materials, Shandong University, Ministry of Education , Jinan, Shandong Province 250100, China
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Perroni DV, Baez-Cotto CM, Sorenson GP, Mahanthappa MK. Linker Length-Dependent Control of Gemini Surfactant Aqueous Lyotropic Gyroid Phase Stability. J Phys Chem Lett 2015; 6:993-998. [PMID: 26262858 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b00092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Network-phase lyotropic liquid crystals (LLCs) derived from the water-directed self-assembly of small molecule amphiphiles comprise a useful class of soft nanomaterials, with wide-ranging applications in structural biology and membrane science. However, few known surfactants enable access to these mesophases over wide temperature and amphiphile concentration phase windows. Recent studies have demonstrated that gemini ("twin tail") dicarboxylate surfactants, in which alkyl carboxylates are covalently linked near the headgroups by a hydrophobic bridge, exhibit increased propensities to form double gyroid network phase LLCs. We demonstrate herein that the lyotropic self-assembly behaviors of gemini dicarboxylates sensitively depend on the linker length, whereby odd-carbon linkers stabilize the double gyroid network LLC over unprecedented amphiphile concentration windows up to ∼45 wt % wide between T ≈ 22-80 °C. These self-assembly phenomena, which arise from the linker length-dependent preferred molecular conformations of these amphiphiles, will broaden the technological applications of these nanostructured LLCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic V Perroni
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Carlos M Baez-Cotto
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Gregory P Sorenson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Mahesh K Mahanthappa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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Pottage MJ, Greaves TL, Garvey CJ, Mudie ST, Tabor RF. Controlling the characteristics of lamellar liquid crystals using counterion choice, fluorination and temperature. SOFT MATTER 2015; 11:261-8. [PMID: 25379839 DOI: 10.1039/c4sm02109f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The characteristics of robust and highly ordered fluorinated lamellar phases were explored as a function of temperature, counterion identity and fluorination of the surfactant and co-surfactant. Structural and composition effects were probed using a combination of small-angle scattering of X-rays and neutrons, polarising microscopy and calorimetry. It was found that in general, the phases remained remarkably stable with increasing temperature, showing only moderate loss of order and increased membrane flexibility. By changing the surfactant's cationic counterion, it was possible to exert influence on both the shape of micelles formed and the inter-layer spacing of the lamellar phases obtained. Ordering and crystallinity of the lamellar membranes could be controlled by the level of fluorination of both the surfactant and co-surfactant. These results suggest that subtle manipulations of selected control parameters including co-surfactant selection and counterion choice can provide a high level of control over membrane spacing and local order within lamellar phases, providing guidance where these materials are used as templates.
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