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Zhang G, Li Y, Ke Q, Bai J, Luo F, Zhang J, Ding Y, Chen J, Liu P, Wang S, Gao C, Yang M. Preparation of Rechargeable Antibacterial Polypropylene/N-Halamine Materials Based on Melt Blending and Surface Segregation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:47531-47540. [PMID: 37787377 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c10257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Polypropylene (PP) has been widely used in health care and food packaging fields, however, it lacks antibacterial properties. Herein, we prepared the polymeric antibacterial agents (MPP-NDAM) by an in situ amidation reaction between 2,4-diamino-6-dialkylamino-1,3,5-triazine (NDAM) and maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (MPP) using the melt grafting method. The effects of reaction time and monomer content on the grafting degree of N-halamine were investigated, and a grafting degree of 4.86 wt % was achieved under the optimal reaction conditions. PP/MPP-NDAM composites were further obtained by a melt blending process between PP and MPP-NDAM. With the adoption of surface segregation technology, the content of N-halamine structure on the surface of PP/MPP-NDAM composites was significantly increased. The antibacterial tests showed that the PP/MPP-NDAM composite could achieve 99.9% bactericidal activity against 1.0 × 107 CFU/mL of Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) within 10 and 5 min of contact, respectively. The antibacterial effect became more pronounced with the prolongation of chlorinated time, and it could achieve 99.9% bactericidal activity against E. coli within merely 1 min of contact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastic, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yuke Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Qining Ke
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastic, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Junchen Bai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastic, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Fushuai Luo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastic, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jiacheng Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastic, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yanfen Ding
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastic, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastic, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastic, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Shu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Chong Gao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastic, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Mingshu Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastic, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
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Huo J, Chen Z, Zhou J. Zwitterionic Membrane via Nonsolvent Induced Phase Separation: A Computer Simulation Study. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:1973-1983. [PMID: 30056719 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b01786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) was adopted to study the nonsolvent induced phase separation (NIPS) process during a pH-responsive poly(ether sulfone) membrane preparation with a zwitterionic copolymer poly(ether sulfone)- block-polycarboxybetaine methacrylate (PES-b-PCBMA) as the blending additive. The membrane formation process and final morphology were analyzed. Simulation results show that the hydrophilic PCBMA segments enrich on the membrane surface by surface segregation and exhibit pH-responsive behavior, which is attributed to the deprotonation of the carboxylic acid group. With the polymer concentration increasing, both the shrinkage of the membrane and the flexibility of the system decrease, which also reduce the effect of surface segregation. By adjusting the blend ratio of PES-b-PCBMA with PES from 5% to 15%, the surface coverage of PCBMA segments on the membrane can be regulated. This work contributes to a better understanding on the mechanism of NIPS and can serve as a guide for the design of the polymer blend membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhao Huo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Product technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
| | - Zheng Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Product technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Product technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
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Kimani SM, Thompson RL, Hutchings LR, Clarke N, Billah SMR, Sakai VG, Rogers SE. Multihydroxyl End Functional Polyethylenes: Synthesis, Bulk and Interfacial Properties of Polymer Surfactants. Macromolecules 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ma402158b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Solomon M. Kimani
- Department
of Chemistry, Durham Centre for Soft Matter, Science Site, Durham DH1
3LE, U.K
| | - Richard L. Thompson
- Department
of Chemistry, Durham Centre for Soft Matter, Science Site, Durham DH1
3LE, U.K
| | - Lian R. Hutchings
- Department
of Chemistry, Durham Centre for Soft Matter, Science Site, Durham DH1
3LE, U.K
| | - Nigel Clarke
- Department
of Chemistry, Durham Centre for Soft Matter, Science Site, Durham DH1
3LE, U.K
| | - S. M. Reduwan Billah
- Department
of Chemistry, Durham Centre for Soft Matter, Science Site, Durham DH1
3LE, U.K
| | - Victoria García Sakai
- STFC
ISIS Neutron and Muon Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, U.K
| | - Sarah E. Rogers
- STFC
ISIS Neutron and Muon Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, U.K
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Hardman SJ, Hutchings LR, Clarke N, Kimani SM, Mears LLE, Smith EF, Webster JRP, Thompson RL. Surface modification of polyethylene with multi-end-functional polyethylene additives. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:5125-5137. [PMID: 22356518 DOI: 10.1021/la205158n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We have prepared and characterized a series of multifluorocarbon end-functional polyethylene additives, which when blended with polyethylene matrices increase surface hydrophobicity and lipophobicity. Water contact angles of >112° were observed on spin-cast blended film surfaces containing less than 1% fluorocarbon in the bulk, compared to ~98° in the absence of any additive. Crystallinity in these films gives rise to surface roughness that is an order of magnitude greater than is typical for amorphous spin-cast films but is too little to give rise to superhydrophobicity. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirms the enrichment of the multifluorocarbon additives at the air surface by up to 80 times the bulk concentration. Ion beam analysis was used to quantify the surface excess of the additives as a function of composition, functionality, and molecular weight of either blend component. In some cases, an excess of the additives was also found at the substrate interface, indicating phase separation into self-stratified layers. The combination of neutron reflectometry and ion beam analysis allowed the surface excess to be quantified above and below the melting point of the blended films. In these films, where the melting temperatures of the additive and matrix components are relatively similar (within 15 °C), the surface excess is almost independent of whether the blended film is semicrystalline or molten, suggesting that the additive undergoes cocrystallization with the matrix when the blended films are allowed to cool below the melting point.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Hardman
- Department of Chemistry, Science Site, Durham Centre for Soft Matter, Durham, UK
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Wang H, Lee IH, Yan M. A general method to determine ionization constants of responsive polymer thin films. J Colloid Interface Sci 2012; 365:178-83. [PMID: 21962542 PMCID: PMC4034268 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2011.08.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2011] [Revised: 08/26/2011] [Accepted: 08/29/2011] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A general method has been developed to determine the ionization constants of polymer thin films based on the stimuli-responsiveness of the polymer. Robust polymer films were fabricated on silicon wafers and gold slides using perfluorophenyl azide (PFPA) as the coupling agent. The ionization constants were measured by a number of techniques including ellipsometry, dynamic contact angle goniometry, and surface plasmon resonance imaging (SPRi). Using poly(4-vinylpyridine) (P4VP) as the model system, P4VP thin films were fabricated and the ionization constants of the films were measured taking advantage of the pH responsive property of the polymer. The pK(a) determined by ellipsometry, ~4.0, reflects the swelling of the polymer film in response to pH. The pK(a) value calculated from the dynamic contact angle measurements, ~5.0, relies on the change in hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity of the films as the polymer undergoes protonation/deprotonation. The pK(a) value measured by SPRi, ~4.9, monitors in situ the change of refractive index of the polymer thin film as it swells upon protonation. This was the first example where SPRi was used to measure the ionization constants of polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, PO Box 751, Portland, OR, U.S.A. 97207-0751
| | - Irene H. Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, PO Box 751, Portland, OR, U.S.A. 97207-0751
| | - Mingdi Yan
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, PO Box 751, Portland, OR, U.S.A. 97207-0751
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Hutchings LR, Douglas CJR, Rhodes CL, Carswell WD, Skoda MWA, Webster JRP, Thompson RL. Nonsolvent annealing polymer films with ionic liquids. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:15486-15493. [PMID: 20828171 DOI: 10.1021/la102933g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Neutron reflectometry has been used to determine the interface structure and swelling of thin polymer films, when annealed in contact with a series of 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium ionic liquids (ILs). By choosing immiscible polymer/IL combinations, we have established that thin polymer films can be annealed for several hours in contact with ILs at temperatures well above the glass transition temperature and that this nonsolvent annealing environment can be exploited to direct self-assembly in polymer films. The ingress of IL into polymer films was quantified in terms of the swelling up to 10%. The polymer/IL interfacial width generally also increased from 0.9 nm up to ∼3 nm, but there was remarkably little correlation between interfacial width and swelling. For one combination of polymer and IL (deuterated PMMA and Bmim-BF(4)) the interfacial width decreased slightly with increasing temperature, consistent with LCST behavior for this system. All of the ILs tested had a profound influence the distribution of carboxy-end-functionalized deuterated polystyrene, "dPS-COOH", in blended films with polystyrene homopolymers. The ILs promoted dPS-COOH adsorption at the film/IL interface and the simultaneous rapid desorption at the film silicon-oxide interface. The rate of desorption was found to correlate with the swelling behavior of the polymer with respect to the IL anion species: PF(6)(-) < Br(-) < Cl(-) < BF(4)(-), suggesting that the polymer films are plasticized by the IL as it penetrates the film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian R Hutchings
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Science Site, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
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