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Kim J, Son HY, Nam YS. Multilayered Plasmonic Heterostructure of Gold and Titania Nanoparticles for Solar Fuel Production. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10464. [PMID: 29993015 PMCID: PMC6041279 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28789-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Solar fuel production via photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting has attracted great attention as an approach to storing solar energy. However, a wide range of light-harvesting materials is unstable when exposed to light and oxidative conditions. Here we report a robust, multilayered plasmonic heterostructure for water oxidation using gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as light-harvesting materials via localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). The multilayered heterostructure is fabricated using layer-by-layer self-assembly of AuNPs and TiO2 nanoparticles (TNPs). Plasmon-induced hot electrons are transferred from AuNPs to TNPs over the Au/TiO2 Schottky barrier, resulting in charge separation of hot carriers. Plasmonic photoanodes for water oxidation are completed by incorporating a Co-based oxygen-evolving catalyst on the multilayered heterostructure to scavenge hot holes. Light absorption capability and PEC properties of the photoanodes are investigated as a function of the number of AuNP/TNP bilayers. The PEC properties exhibits dependence on the number of the bilayers, which is affected by charge transport within the multilayered heterostructures. Photocurrent density and decrease in impedance by irradiation indicates significant photoactivity by LSPR excitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonga Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Yeon Son
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Sung Nam
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea. .,KAIST Institute for the NanoCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
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Moxey M, Johnson A, El-Zubir O, Cartron M, Dinachali SS, Hunter CN, Saifullah MSM, Chong KSL, Leggett GJ. Fabrication of Self-Cleaning, Reusable Titania Templates for Nanometer and Micrometer Scale Protein Patterning. ACS NANO 2015; 9:6262-70. [PMID: 26042335 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b01636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The photocatalytic self-cleaning characteristics of titania facilitate the fabrication of reuseable templates for protein nanopatterning. Titania nanostructures were fabricated over square centimeter areas by interferometric lithography (IL) and nanoimprint lithography (NIL). With the use of a Lloyd's mirror two-beam interferometer, self-assembled monolayers of alkylphosphonates adsorbed on the native oxide of a Ti film were patterned by photocatalytic nanolithography. In regions exposed to a maximum in the interferogram, the monolayer was removed by photocatalytic oxidation. In regions exposed to an intensity minimum, the monolayer remained intact. After exposure, the sample was etched in piranha solution to yield Ti nanostructures with widths as small as 30 nm. NIL was performed by using a silicon stamp to imprint a spin-cast film of titanium dioxide resin; after calcination and reactive ion etching, TiO2 nanopillars were formed. For both fabrication techniques, subsequent adsorption of an oligo(ethylene glycol) functionalized trichlorosilane yielded an entirely passive, protein-resistant surface. Near-UV exposure caused removal of this protein-resistant film from the titania regions by photocatalytic degradation, leaving the passivating silane film intact on the silicon dioxide regions. Proteins labeled with fluorescent dyes were adsorbed to the titanium dioxide regions, yielding nanopatterns with bright fluorescence. Subsequent near-UV irradiation of the samples removed the protein from the titanium dioxide nanostructures by photocatalytic degradation facilitating the adsorption of a different protein. The process was repeated multiple times. These simple methods appear to yield durable, reuseable samples that may be of value to laboratories that require nanostructured biological interfaces but do not have access to the infrastructure required for nanofabrication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Moxey
- †Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HF, United Kingdom
- ‡Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 3 Research Link, Singapore 117602, Republic of Singapore
| | - Alexander Johnson
- †Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HF, United Kingdom
| | - Osama El-Zubir
- †Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HF, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Cartron
- §Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom
| | - Saman Safari Dinachali
- ‡Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 3 Research Link, Singapore 117602, Republic of Singapore
| | - C Neil Hunter
- §Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammad S M Saifullah
- ‡Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 3 Research Link, Singapore 117602, Republic of Singapore
| | - Karen S L Chong
- ‡Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 3 Research Link, Singapore 117602, Republic of Singapore
| | - Graham J Leggett
- †Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HF, United Kingdom
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Huang CC, Parasuraman PS, Tsai HC, Jhu JJ, Imae T. Synthesis and characterization of porphyrin–TiO2 core–shell nanoparticles as visible light photocatalyst. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra45492d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Degradation of p-nitrophenol and bacteria with TiO2 xerogels sensitized in situ with tetra(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrins. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2013.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Micro- and Nanostructured Poly[oligo(ethylene glycol)methacrylate] Brushes Grown From Photopatterned Halogen Initiators by Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization. Biointerphases 2011; 6:8-15. [DOI: 10.1116/1.3553579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Nam YS, Magyar AP, Lee D, Kim JW, Yun DS, Park H, Pollom TS, Weitz DA, Belcher AM. Biologically templated photocatalytic nanostructures for sustained light-driven water oxidation. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2010; 5:340-344. [PMID: 20383127 DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2010.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2009] [Accepted: 03/01/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Over several billion years, cyanobacteria and plants have evolved highly organized photosynthetic systems to shuttle both electronic and chemical species for the efficient oxidation of water. In a similar manner to reaction centres in natural photosystems, molecular and metal oxide catalysts have been used to photochemically oxidize water. However, the various approaches involving the molecular design of ligands, surface modification and immobilization still have limitations in terms of catalytic efficiency and sustainability. Here, we demonstrate a biologically templated nanostructure for visible light-driven water oxidation that uses a genetically engineered M13 virus scaffold to mediate the co-assembly of zinc porphyrins (photosensitizer) and iridium oxide hydrosol clusters (catalyst). Porous polymer microgels are used as an immobilization matrix to improve the structural durability of the assembled nanostructures and to allow the materials to be recycled. Our results suggest that the biotemplated nanoscale assembly of functional components is a promising route to significantly improved photocatalytic water-splitting systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Sung Nam
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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