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Roberts TD, Yuan R, Xiang L, Delor M, Pokhrel R, Yang K, Aqad E, Marangoni T, Trefonas P, Xu K, Ginsberg NS. Direct Correlation of Single-Particle Motion to Amorphous Microstructural Components of Semicrystalline Poly(ethylene oxide) Electrolytic Films. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:4849-4858. [PMID: 32510954 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c01318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Semicrystalline polymers constitute some of the most widely used materials in the world, and their functional properties are intimately connected to their structure on a range of length scales. Many of these properties depend on the micro- and nanoscale heterogeneous distribution of crystalline and amorphous phases, but this renders the interpretation of ensemble averaged measurements challenging. We use superlocalized widefield single-particle tracking in conjunction with AFM phase imaging to correlate the crystalline morphology of lithium-triflate-doped poly(ethylene oxide) thin films to the motion of individual fluorescent probes at the nanoscale. The results demonstrate that probe motion is intrinsically isotropic in amorphous regions and that, without altering this intrinsic diffusivity, closely spaced, often parallel, crystallite fibers anisotropically constrain probe motion along intercalating amorphous channels. This constraint is emphasized by the agreement between crystallite and anisotropic probe trajectory orientations. This constraint is also emphasized by the extent of the trajectory confinement correlated to the width of the measured gaps between adjacent crystallites. This study illustrates with direct nanoscale correlations how controlled and periodic arrangement of crystalline domains is a promising design principle for mass transport in semicrystalline polymer materials without compromising their mechanical stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor D Roberts
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Rongfeng Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Limin Xiang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Milan Delor
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Ravi Pokhrel
- DuPont Electronics and Imaging, Marlborough, Massachusetts 01752, United States
| | - Ke Yang
- DuPont Electronics and Imaging, Marlborough, Massachusetts 01752, United States
| | - Emad Aqad
- DuPont Electronics and Imaging, Marlborough, Massachusetts 01752, United States
| | - Tomas Marangoni
- DuPont Electronics and Imaging, Marlborough, Massachusetts 01752, United States
| | - Peter Trefonas
- DuPont Electronics and Imaging, Marlborough, Massachusetts 01752, United States
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- STROBE, National Science Foundation Science and Technology Center, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Naomi S Ginsberg
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- STROBE, National Science Foundation Science and Technology Center, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department of Physics, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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Liao CK, Phan J, Herrera M, Mahmoud MA. Modifying the Band Gap of Semiconducting Two-Dimensional Materials by Polymer Assembly into Different Structures. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:4956-4965. [PMID: 30874438 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b00205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Polyethylene glycol (PEG) assembled on the surface of two-dimensional tungsten disulfide (WS2) into a limited number of nanoislands (NIs), nanoshells (NSs), and granular nanoparticulates (GNPs) depending on its chain length. NI assemblies showed a nonmeasurable shift of photoluminescence (PL) and the A and B absorption peaks of WS2. This confirmed that the electronic doping by thiol is not effective. The PEG NS assembly displayed a smaller red shift of the PL and a slight decrease of the energy difference between the A and B absorption peaks of WS2. However, increasing the dielectric function on the surface of WS2 has a small influence on their optical properties. The PEG NP assembly on WS2 exhibited a significant red shift of the PL spectrum and a large decrease of the energy difference between A and B absorption peaks. Deforming the WS2 sheet by the PEG NP assembly decreased the orbital coupling and lowered the electronic direct band gap significantly. Raman bands of WS2 are shifted to a higher frequency on improving its mechanical strength after the PEG assembly.
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Lu X, Zheng K, Yang J, Zhao J. Probing the interplay between chain diffusion and polymer crystal growth under nanoscale confinement: a study by single molecule fluorescence microscopy. Sci China Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-018-9290-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Busse K, Fuchs C, Hasan N, Pulst M, Kressler J. Crystallization of Poly(ethylene oxide) on the Surface of Aqueous Salt Solutions Studied by Grazing Incidence Wide-Angle X-ray Scattering. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:12759-12763. [PMID: 30285451 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b02451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We report the thin layer crystallization of high-molar mass poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) on a liquid support using a 4 M K2CO3 aqueous solution as a subphase. Because of the Hofmeister effect, PEO does not dissolve and remains at the surface during compression on a Langmuir trough. The transition from the flat pancake conformation upon compression of the spread polymer film to an entangled monolayer results in a plateau region of the Langmuir isotherm. Using grazing incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering, the final crystallization of PEO was observed, and the crystal orientation was determined. The fold surface was (209̅), that is, the helix axis has a tilt angle of 2.9° to the normal vector of the water surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karsten Busse
- Department of Chemistry , Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , D-06099 Halle (Saale) , Germany
| | - Christian Fuchs
- Department of Chemistry , Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , D-06099 Halle (Saale) , Germany
| | - Nazmul Hasan
- Department of Chemistry , Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , D-06099 Halle (Saale) , Germany
| | - Martin Pulst
- Department of Chemistry , Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , D-06099 Halle (Saale) , Germany
| | - Jörg Kressler
- Department of Chemistry , Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , D-06099 Halle (Saale) , Germany
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Zhang ZJ, Edmondson S, Mears M, Madsen J, Armes SP, Leggett GJ, Geoghegan M. Blob Size Controls Diffusion of Free Polymer in a Chemically Identical Brush in Semidilute Solution. Macromolecules 2018; 51:6312-6317. [PMID: 30174342 PMCID: PMC6117105 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b01193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
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The
diffusion of rhodamine-labeled poly(ethylene glycol) (r-PEG)
within surface-grafted poly(ethylene glycol) (s-PEG) layers in aqueous
solution at 18 °C was measured by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy.
The diffusion coefficient of r-PEG within s-PEG was controlled by
the grafting density, σ, and scaled as σ–1.42±0.09. It is proposed that a characteristic blob size associated with
the grafted (brush) layer defines the region through which the r-PEG
diffusion occurs. The diffusion coefficients for r-PEG in semidilute
solution were found to be similar to those in the brushes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu J Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, U.K.,School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Steve Edmondson
- School of Materials, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Matthew Mears
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, U.K
| | - Jeppe Madsen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HF, U.K
| | - Steven P Armes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HF, U.K
| | - Graham J Leggett
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HF, U.K
| | - Mark Geoghegan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, U.K
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Agbolaghi S, Abbaspoor S, Abbasi F. A comprehensive review on polymer single crystals—From fundamental concepts to applications. Prog Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2017.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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7
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory T. Morrin
- Department of Chemical and
Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Daniel K. Schwartz
- Department of Chemical and
Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
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Pohl M, Danieli E, Leven M, Leitner W, Blümich B, Müller TE. Dynamics of Polyether Polyols and Polyether Carbonate Polyols. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b01601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Pohl
- CAT
Catalytic Center, ‡Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie, and §Lehrstuhl für
Technische Chemie und Petrolchemie, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - E. Danieli
- CAT
Catalytic Center, ‡Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie, and §Lehrstuhl für
Technische Chemie und Petrolchemie, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - M. Leven
- CAT
Catalytic Center, ‡Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie, and §Lehrstuhl für
Technische Chemie und Petrolchemie, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - W. Leitner
- CAT
Catalytic Center, ‡Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie, and §Lehrstuhl für
Technische Chemie und Petrolchemie, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - B. Blümich
- CAT
Catalytic Center, ‡Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie, and §Lehrstuhl für
Technische Chemie und Petrolchemie, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - T. E. Müller
- CAT
Catalytic Center, ‡Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie, and §Lehrstuhl für
Technische Chemie und Petrolchemie, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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Maver U, Velnar T, Gaberšček M, Planinšek O, Finšgar M. Recent progressive use of atomic force microscopy in biomedical applications. Trends Analyt Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2016.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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10
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Mears M, Tarmey DS, Geoghegan M. Single macromolecule diffusion in confined environments. Macromol Rapid Commun 2011; 32:1411-8. [PMID: 21751276 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201100076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We consider the behaviour of single molecules on surfaces and, more generally, in confined environments. These are loosely split into three sections: single molecules in biology, the physics of single molecules on surfaces and controlled (directed) diffusion. With recent advances in single molecule detection techniques, the importance and mechanisms of single molecule processes such as localised enzyme production and intracellular diffusion across membranes has been highlighted, emphasising the extra information that cannot be obtained with techniques that present average behaviour. Progress has also been made in producing artificial systems that can control the rate and direction of diffusion, and because these are still in their infancy (especially in comparison to complex biological systems), we discuss the new physics revealed by these phenomena.
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Reuter S, Hofmann AM, Busse K, Frey H, Kressler J. Langmuir and Langmuir-Blodgett films of multifunctional, amphiphilic polyethers with cholesterol moieties. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2011; 27:1978-1989. [PMID: 21175221 DOI: 10.1021/la104274d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Langmuir films of multifunctional, hydrophilic polyethers containing a hydrophobic cholesterol group (Ch) were studied by surface pressure-mean molecular area (π-mmA) measurements and Brewster angle microscopy (BAM). The polyethers were either homopolymers or diblock copolymers of linear poly(glycerol) (lPG), linear poly(glyceryl glycidyl ether) (lPGG), linear poly(ethylene glycol) (lPEG), or hyperbranched poly(glycerol) (hbPG). Surface pressure measurements revealed that the homopolymers lPG and hbPG did not stay at the water surface after spreading and solvent evaporation, in contrast to lPEG. Because of the incorporation of the Ch group in the polymer structure, stable Langmuir films were formed by Ch-lPG(n), Ch-lPGG(n), and Ch-hbPG(n). The Ch-hbPG(n), Ch-lPEG(n), Ch-lPEG(n)-b-lPG(m), Ch-lPEG(n)-b-lPGG(m), and Ch-lPEG(n)-b-hbPG(m) systems showed an extended plateau region assigned to a phase transition involving the Ch groups. Typical hierarchically ordered morphologies of the LB films on hydrophilic substrates were observed for all Ch-initiated polymers. All LB films showed that Ch of the Ch-initiated homopolymers is able to crystallize. This strong tendency of self-aggregation then triggers further dewetting effects of the respective polyether entities. Fingerlike morphologies are observed for Ch-lPEG(69), since the lPEG(69) entity is able to undergo crystallization after transfer onto the silicon substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sascha Reuter
- Department of Chemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
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12
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Zhang G, Cao Y, Jin L, Zheng P, Van Horn RM, Lotz B, Cheng SZ, Wang W. Crystal growth pattern changes in low molecular weight poly(ethylene oxide) ultrathin films. POLYMER 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2011.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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