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Gao SJ, Li LZ, Han PF, Wang L, Li F, Yu TL, Li YF. Response Properties of Electrorheological Composite Hydrophilic Elastomers Based on Different Morphologies of Magnesium-Doped Strontium Titanate. Molecules 2024; 29:3462. [PMID: 39124869 PMCID: PMC11313832 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29153462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
As smart materials, electrorheological elastomers (EREs) formed by pre-treating active electrorheological particles are attracting more and more attention. In this work, four Mg-doped strontium titanate (Mg-STO) particles with spherical, dendritic, flake-like, and pinecone-like morphologies were obtained via hydrothermal and low-temperature co-precipitation. XRD, SEM, Raman, and FT-IR were used to characterize these products. The results showed that Mg-STOs are about 1.5-2.0 μm in size, and their phase structures are dominated by cubic crystals. These Mg-STOs were dispersed in a hydrogel composite elastic medium. Then, Mg-STO/glycerol/gelatin electrorheological composite hydrophilic elastomers were obtained with or without an electric field. The electric field response properties of Mg-doped strontium titanate composite elastomers were investigated. We concluded that dendritic Mg-STO composite elastomers are high-performance EREs, and the maximum value of their energy storage was 8.70 MPa. The significant electrorheological performance of these products is helpful for their applications in vibration control, force transducers, smart structures, dampers, and other fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Juan Gao
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Lyuliang University, Luliang 033001, China; (L.-Z.L.); (L.W.); (F.L.); (T.-L.Y.)
- Institute of New Carbon-Based Materials and Zero-Carbon and Negative-Carbon Technology, Lyuliang University, Luliang 033001, China
| | - Lin-Zhi Li
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Lyuliang University, Luliang 033001, China; (L.-Z.L.); (L.W.); (F.L.); (T.-L.Y.)
- Institute of New Carbon-Based Materials and Zero-Carbon and Negative-Carbon Technology, Lyuliang University, Luliang 033001, China
| | - Peng-Fei Han
- Institute of Teacher Education, Taiyuan Normal University, Taiyuan 030006, China;
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Lyuliang University, Luliang 033001, China; (L.-Z.L.); (L.W.); (F.L.); (T.-L.Y.)
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Lyuliang University, Luliang 033001, China; (L.-Z.L.); (L.W.); (F.L.); (T.-L.Y.)
| | - Tan-Lai Yu
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Lyuliang University, Luliang 033001, China; (L.-Z.L.); (L.W.); (F.L.); (T.-L.Y.)
- Institute of New Carbon-Based Materials and Zero-Carbon and Negative-Carbon Technology, Lyuliang University, Luliang 033001, China
| | - Yan-Fang Li
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Lyuliang University, Luliang 033001, China; (L.-Z.L.); (L.W.); (F.L.); (T.-L.Y.)
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Danmatam N, Nakburee W, Pearce J, Pattavarakorn D. Smart carboxymethyl cellulose/polythiophene hydrogel for electrically driven soft actuators: Physical and thermal properties and electroactive performances. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nanticha Danmatam
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Science Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
- Graduate School Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
| | - Wanwipa Nakburee
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Science Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
- Graduate School Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
| | - John Pearce
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Science Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
| | - Datchanee Pattavarakorn
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Science Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
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Bai L, Tang X, Kong S, Song Y, He X, Meng F. Main-chain ionic liquid-crystalline polymers bearing quaternary phosphonium ions. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Bai
- College of Science; Northeastern University; Shenyang China
| | - Xinqiao Tang
- College of Science; Northeastern University; Shenyang China
| | - Shengwen Kong
- College of Science; Northeastern University; Shenyang China
| | - Ying Song
- College of Science; Northeastern University; Shenyang China
| | - Xiaozhi He
- College of Science; Northeastern University; Shenyang China
| | - Fanbao Meng
- College of Science; Northeastern University; Shenyang China
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Thummarungsan N, Paradee N, Pattavarakorn D, Sirivat A. Influence of graphene on electromechanical responses of plasticized poly(lactic acid). POLYMER 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2018.01.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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5
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Electromechanical response of silk fibroin hydrogel and conductive polycarbazole/silk fibroin hydrogel composites as actuator material. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2015; 56:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Revised: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Tungkavet T, Seetapan N, Pattavarakorn D, Sirivat A. Graphene/gelatin hydrogel composites with high storage modulus sensitivity for using as electroactive actuator: Effects of surface area and electric field strength. POLYMER 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2015.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Gao LX, Chen JL, Han XW, Yan SX, Zhang Y, Zhang WQ, Gao ZW. Electro-response characteristic of starch hydrogel crosslinked with Glutaraldehyde. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2015; 26:545-57. [PMID: 25849098 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2015.1037587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The facile synthesis of the starch hydrogel with anisotropic microstructure and dynamic behaviors was developed in the presence (A-gel) and absence of DC electric field (B-gel). The microstructures of hydrogels were characterized by environmental scanning electron microscope. Their electro-responsive property of hydrogels was investigated with their storage modulus (G'). The result demonstrates that the G' of A-gel is greater than that of B-gel, and the modulus of A-gel increases along with the external field, which signifies positive electroresponse. In addition, the G' of A-gel and B-gel ((G'(A) and G'(B)) also continuously increases with increasing starch concentration, whereas both the maximum of modulus increment (ΔG' = G'(A)−G'(B) ) and that of modulus increment sensitivity (ΔG'/G'(B)) occur with the starch weight fraction at around 36.5%. To enhance the electro-responsive effects of the hydrogels, dielectric particles were dispersed in the hydrogel. It is found that BaTiO3/chitosan core-shell composite particles significantly enhance the electroresponse of the hydrogel. The mechanism of the electro-response mode is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-xiang Gao
- a Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education , Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an 710062 , P.R. China
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Gao LX, Chen JL, Han XW, Zhang JL, Yan SX. Electric-field response behaviors of chitosan/barium titanate composite hydrogel elastomers. J Appl Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/app.42094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Xiang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education); Shaanxi Normal University; Xi'an 710062 People's Republic of China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Shaanxi Normal University; Xi'an 710062 People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Li Chen
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education); Shaanxi Normal University; Xi'an 710062 People's Republic of China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Shaanxi Normal University; Xi'an 710062 People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Wu Han
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education); Shaanxi Normal University; Xi'an 710062 People's Republic of China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Shaanxi Normal University; Xi'an 710062 People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Lan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education); Shaanxi Normal University; Xi'an 710062 People's Republic of China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Shaanxi Normal University; Xi'an 710062 People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Xian Yan
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education); Shaanxi Normal University; Xi'an 710062 People's Republic of China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Shaanxi Normal University; Xi'an 710062 People's Republic of China
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Electromechanical properties of multi-walled carbon nanotube/gelatin hydrogel composites: Effects of aspect ratios, electric field, and temperature. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2015; 46:281-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2014.10.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2014] [Revised: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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10
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P(VDF–TrFE–CFE)-based percolative composites exhibiting significantly enhanced dielectric properties. Polym Bull (Berl) 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-013-0923-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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11
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Kunanuruksapong R, Sirivat A. Highly Electroresponsive Polymer Blends of Polyaniline Nanoparticles and Chloroprene Rubbers. ADVANCES IN POLYMER TECHNOLOGY 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/adv.21301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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12
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Tungkavet T, Pattavarakorn D, Sirivat A. Bio-compatible gelatins (Ala-Gly-Pro-Arg-Gly-Glu-4Hyp-Gly-Pro-) and electromechanical properties: effects of temperature and electric field. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-011-9759-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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13
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Thongsak K, Kunanuruksapong R, Sirivat A, Lerdwijitjarud W. Electroactive polydiphenylamine/poly(styrene-block-isoprene-block-styrene) (SIS) blends: Effects of particle concentration and electric field. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2010.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Hao L, Ding C, Zhao X. A novel electric elastomer based on starch/transformer oil drop/silicone rubber hybrid. J Appl Polym Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/app.33038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Geometrical study of electrorheological activity with shape-controlled titania-coated silica nanomaterials. J Colloid Interface Sci 2010; 347:177-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2010.03.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2010] [Revised: 03/02/2010] [Accepted: 03/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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16
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Wang F, Wang JW, Li SQ, Xiao J. Dielectric properties of epoxy composites with modified multiwalled carbon nanotubes. Polym Bull (Berl) 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-009-0064-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Hao L, Shi Z, Zhao X. Mechanical behavior of starch/silicone oil/silicone rubber hybrid electric elastomer. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2008.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Electrorheological properties of poly(dimethylsiloxane) and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxy thiophene)/poly(stylene sulfonic acid)/ethylene glycol blends. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2008.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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19
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Peng Z, Peng J, Peng Y, Wang J. Complex conductivity and permittivity of single wall carbon nanotubes/polymer composite at microwave frequencies: A theoretical estimation. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s11434-008-0486-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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20
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Electromechanical response of a soft and flexible actuator based on polyaniline particles embedded in a cross-linked poly(dimethyl siloxane) network. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2007.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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21
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Puvanatvattana T, Chotpattananont D, Hiamtup P, Niamlang S, Kunanuruksapong R, Sirivat A, Jamieson AM. Electric field induced stress moduli of polythiophene/polyisoprene suspensions: Effects of particle conductivity and concentration. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2007.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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22
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Gao L, Zhao X. Mechanical and electrical properties of hydrous electrorheological elastomers based on gelatin/glycerin/water hybrid. J Appl Polym Sci 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/app.25818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Puvanatvattana T, Chotpattananont D, Hiamtup P, Niamlang S, Sirivat A, Jamieson AM. Electric field induced stress moduli in polythiophene/polyisoprene elastomer blends. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2006.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Gao ZW, Zhao XP. Guest-controlling effects on ER behaviors of beta-cyclodextrin polymer. J Colloid Interface Sci 2006; 289:56-62. [PMID: 16009217 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2005.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2003] [Revised: 03/11/2005] [Accepted: 03/14/2005] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
An effective and novel approach to obtaining electrorheological particles with high performance through the formation of host-guest complexes has been achieved. The significant preponderance of the host-guest complex formation is that the host structure can be controlled easily by adding different guests. Based on this point, six supramolecular complexes of beta-cyclodextrin cross-linking polymer with salicylic acid (beta-CDP-1), 5-chlorosalicylic acid (beta-CDP-2), 3,5-dichlorosalicylic acid (beta-CDP-3), 5-nitrosalicylic acid (beta-CDP-4), 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (beta-CDP-5), or 3-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid (beta-CDP-6) particles were synthesized. The electrorheological yield stresses of the suspensions of these particles in silicone oil have been investigated under DC electric fields. It was found that the yield stress of the typical beta-CDP-1 ER fluid was 5.6 kPa in 4 kV/mm, which is much higher than that of pure beta-cyclodextrin polymer (beta-CDP), that of pure salicylic acid as well as that of the mixture of the host with the guest. It is clearly indicated that the formation of supramolecular complexes between beta-CDP and salicylic acid can enhance the ER properties of the host. The similar results for other supramolecular complexes with different guests have also been obtained under the same DC electric fields. The yield stress of supramolecular complexes is strongly affected by the structure of guests. Among the six investigated guests, 3-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid gave the highest ER property having a yield stress of 9.8 kPa under 4 kV/mm DC while cross-linked with beta-CDP to form beta-CDP-6. The yield stress of beta-CDP-6 was significantly increased by 72% in comparison with that of the pure beta-CDP. However, the yield stress of beta-CDP-1-5 slightly increased by 34-41% as compared with that of the pure beta-CDP. The achieved results indicate that the ER effect of host-guest complexes can be greatly affected by the changes of the tremendous guest structure, whereas the slight guest structural transposition, such as altering different groups of a guest, can only obtain the adjacent electrorheological behavior. The dielectric properties of these host-guest complexes also proved that the ER effect can be affected by the properties of guest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Wei Gao
- Institute of Electrorheological Technology 141#, Department of Applied Physics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of
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Woo D, Kim J, Suh MH, Zhou H, Nguyen ST, Lee SH, Torkelson JM. Styrene/4-hydroxystyrene random, block and gradient copolymers modified with an organic dye: Synthesis by controlled radical polymerization and characterization of electrorheological properties. POLYMER 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2006.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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26
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Two roles of guest and crosslinked degree on hydrosoluble β-cyclodextrin polymer electrorheological fluids. POLYMER 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2003.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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27
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Gao L, Zhao X. Electrorheological behaviors of barium titanate/gelatin composite hydrogel elastomers. J Appl Polym Sci 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/app.21212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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28
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