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Wi TU, Park C, Ko S, Kim T, Choi A, Muralidharan V, Choi M, Lee HW. Cathode Electrolyte Interphase Engineering for Prussian Blue Analogues in Lithium-Ion Batteries. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:7783-7791. [PMID: 38869099 PMCID: PMC11216687 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c01971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
The increasing use of low-cost lithium iron phosphate cathodes in low-end electric vehicles has sparked interest in Prussian blue analogues (PBAs) for lithium-ion batteries. A major challenge with iron hexacyanoferrate (FeHCFe), particularly in lithium-ion systems, is its slow kinetics in organic electrolytes and valence state inactivation in aqueous ones. We have addressed these issues by developing a polymeric cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI) layer through a ring-opening reaction of ethylene carbonate triggered by OH- radicals from structural water. This facile approach considerably mitigates the sluggish electrochemical kinetics typically observed in organic electrolytes. As a result, FeHCFe has achieved a specific capacity of 125 mAh g-1 with a stable lifetime over 500 cycles, thanks to the effective activation of Fe low-spin states and the structural integrity of the CEI layers. These advancements shed light on the potential of PBAs to be viable, durable, and efficient cathode materials for commercial use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Ung Wi
- School
of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan
National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Changhyun Park
- School
of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan
National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangho Ko
- School
of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan
National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Taewon Kim
- School
of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan
National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahreum Choi
- School
of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan
National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Vithiya Muralidharan
- School
of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan
National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeongjun Choi
- School
of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan
National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Wook Lee
- School
of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan
National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
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2
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Biran I, Houben L, Weissman H, Hildebrand M, Kronik L, Rybtchinski B. Real-Space Crystal Structure Analysis by Low-Dose Focal-Series TEM Imaging of Organic Materials with Near-Atomic Resolution. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2202088. [PMID: 35451121 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202202088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Structural analysis of beam-sensitive materials by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) represents a significant challenge, as high-resolution TEM (HRTEM) requires high electron doses that limit its applicability to stable inorganic materials. Beam-sensitive materials, e.g., organic crystals, must be imaged under low dose conditions, leading to problematic contrast interpretation and loss of fine structural details. Here, HRTEM imaging of organic crystalline materials with near-atomic resolution of up to 1.6 Å is described, which enables real-space studies of crystal structures, as well as observation of co-existing polymorphs, crystal defects, and atoms. This is made possible by a low-dose focal-series reconstruction methodology, which provides HRTEM images where contrast reflects true object structure and can be performed on contemporary cryo-EM instruments available to many research institutions. Copper phthalocyanine (CuPc), a perchlorinated analogue of CuPc, and indigo crystalline films are imaged. In the case of indigo crystals, co-existing polymorphs and individual atoms (carbonyl oxygen) can be observed. In the case of CuPc, several polymorphs are observed, including a new one, for which the crystal structure is found based on direct in-focus imaging, accomplishing real-space crystal structure elucidation. Such direct analysis can be transformative for structure studies of organic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idan Biran
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Lothar Houben
- Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Haim Weissman
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Mariana Hildebrand
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Leeor Kronik
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Boris Rybtchinski
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
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3
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine E. Killalea
- School of Chemistry The GSK Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry The University of Nottingham Triumph Road Nottingham NG7 2TU UK
| | - David B. Amabilino
- School of Chemistry The GSK Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry The University of Nottingham Triumph Road Nottingham NG7 2TU UK
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4
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Wang L, Zhang M, Yang B, Ding X, Tan J, Song S, Nie J. Flexible, Robust, and Durable Aramid Fiber/CNT Composite Paper as a Multifunctional Sensor for Wearable Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:5486-5497. [PMID: 33491443 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c18161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Flexible paper-based sensors may be applied in numerous fields, but this requires addressing their limitations related to poor thermal and water resistance, which results in low service life. Herein, we report a paper-based composite sensor composed of carboxylic carbon nanotubes (CCNTs) and poly-m-phenyleneisophthalamide (PMIA), fabricated by a facile papermaking process. The CCNT/PMIA composite sensor exhibits an ability to detect pressures generated by various human movements, attributed to the sensor's conductive network and the characteristic "mud-brick" microstructure. The sensor exhibits the capability to monitor human motions, such as bending of finger joints and elbow joints, speaking, blinking, and smiling, as well as temperature variations in the range of 30-90 °C. Such a capability to sensitively detect pressure can be realized at different applied frequencies, gradient sagittas, and multiple twists with a short response time (104 ms) even after being soaked in water, acid, and alkali solutions. Moreover, the sensor demonstrates excellent mechanical properties and hence can be folded up to 6000 times without failure, can bear 5 kg of load without breaking, and can be cycled 2000 times without energy loss, providing a great possibility for a long sensing life. Additionally, the composite sensor shows exceptional Joule heating performance, which can reach 242 °C in less than 15 s even when powered by a low input voltage (25 V). From the perspective of industrialization, low-cost and large-scale roll-to-roll production of the paper-based sensor can be achieved, with a formed length of thousands of meters, showing great potential for future industrial applications as a wearable smart sensor for detecting pressure and temperature, with the capability of electric heating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper Development, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, No. 6, Xuefu Road, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Meiyun Zhang
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper Development, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, No. 6, Xuefu Road, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Bin Yang
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper Development, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, No. 6, Xuefu Road, Xi'an 710021, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Xueyao Ding
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper Development, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, No. 6, Xuefu Road, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Jiaojun Tan
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper Development, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, No. 6, Xuefu Road, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Shunxi Song
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper Development, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, No. 6, Xuefu Road, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Jingyi Nie
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper Development, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, No. 6, Xuefu Road, Xi'an 710021, China
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5
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Kuei B, Gomez ED. Pushing the limits of high-resolution polymer microscopy using antioxidants. Nat Commun 2021; 12:153. [PMID: 33420049 PMCID: PMC7794589 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20363-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) has been transformative to the field of polymer science, enabling the direct imaging of molecular structures. Although some materials have remarkable stability under electron beams, most HRTEM studies are limited by the electron dose the sample can handle. Beam damage of conjugated polymers is not yet fully understood, but it has been suggested that the diffusion of secondary reacting species may play a role. As such, we examine the effect of the addition of antioxidants to a series of solution-processable conjugated polymers as an approach to mitigating beam damage. Characterizing the effects of beam damage by calculating critical dose DC values from the decay of electron diffraction peaks shows that beam damage of conjugated polymers in the TEM can be minimized by using antioxidants at room temperature, even if the antioxidant does not alter or incorporate into polymer crystals. As a consequence, the addition of antioxidants pushes the resolution limit of polymer microscopy, enabling imaging of a 3.6 Å lattice spacing in poly[(5,6-difluoro-2,1,3-benzothiadiazol-4,7-diyl)-alt-(3,3″'-di(2-octyldodecyl)-2,2';5',2″;5″,2″'-quaterthiophene-5,5″'-diyl)] (PffBT4T-2OD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke Kuei
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802, USA
| | - Enrique D Gomez
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802, USA.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802, USA.
- Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802, USA.
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6
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Mu X, Mazilkin A, Sprau C, Colsmann A, Kübel C. Mapping structure and morphology of amorphous organic thin films by 4D-STEM pair distribution function analysis. Microscopy (Oxf) 2019; 68:301-309. [DOI: 10.1093/jmicro/dfz015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Imaging the phase distribution of amorphous or partially crystalline organic materials at the nanoscale and analyzing the local atomic structure of individual phases has been a long-time challenge. We propose a new approach for imaging the phase distribution and for analyzing the local structure of organic materials based on scanning transmission electron diffraction (4D-STEM) pair distribution function analysis (PDF). We show that electron diffraction based PDF analysis can be used to characterize the short- and medium-range order in aperiodically packed organic molecules. Moreover, we show that 4D-STEM-PDF does not only provide local structural information with a resolution of a few nanometers, but can also be used to image the phase distribution of organic composites. The distinct and thickness independent contrast of the phase image is generated by utilizing the structural difference between the different types of molecules and taking advantage of the dose efficiency due to use of the full scattering signal. Therefore, this approach is particularly interesting for imaging unstained organic or polymer composites without distinct valence states for electron energy loss spectroscopy. We explore the possibilities of this new approach using [6,6]-phenyl-C61- butyric acid methyl ester (PC61BM) and poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT) as the archetypical and best-investigated semiconductor blend used in organic solar cells, compare our phase distribution with virtual dark-field analysis and validate our approach by electron energy loss spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoke Mu
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Andrey Mazilkin
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Christian Sprau
- Light Technology Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Alexander Colsmann
- Light Technology Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Christian Kübel
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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7
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Chen M, Wang R, Zhu Y, Liu M, Zhu F, Xiao J, Chen X. 4-Mercaptophenylboronic acid-modified spirally-curved mesoporous silica nanofibers coupled with ultra performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry for determination of brassinosteroids in plants. Food Chem 2018; 263:51-58. [PMID: 29784327 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.04.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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8
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Zheng Y, Tian G, Xue J, Zhou J, Huo H, Li L. Effects of isomorphic poly(butylene succinate-co-butylene fumarate) on the nucleation of poly(butylene succinate) and the formation of poly(butylene succinate) ring-banded spherulites. CrystEngComm 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ce02124k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The composition of isomorphic PBSF can dramatically affect the nucleation efficiency, the formation temperature of ring-banded spherulite and the band spacing of the PBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
- P.R. China
| | - Gengkun Tian
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
- P.R. China
| | - Jinxin Xue
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
- P.R. China
| | - Jianjun Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
- P.R. China
| | - Hong Huo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
- P.R. China
| | - Lin Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
- P.R. China
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9
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Poudel BK, Choi J, Park JH, Doh KO, Byeon JH. In vitro exposure of simulated meat-cooking fumes to assess adverse biological effects. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10841. [PMID: 28883490 PMCID: PMC5589928 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11502-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The heterocyclic amine 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) is considered as a human carcinogenic or mutagenic compound that is produced from the co-condensation of creatinine and amino acids as meats cook at high temperatures. The cooking of meats at high temperatures produces fumes, and these fumes can be suspended as aerosols via the vapor-to-particle (or -droplet) process in a temperature gradient field. Size distributions of the aerosols included a significant portion of nano- and submicron-sized particles, and these can be directly deposited in the lungs and on skin by particle transport phenomena near cooking areas. In this study, for the first time, PhIP-incorporated oleic acid (OA, simulating cooking oil) (PhIP@OA) particles, including individual particulate PhIP as simulated fumes from meat cooking, were constantly produced via collison atomization and subsequent drying processes. The aerosol particles were then dispersed in phosphate-buffered saline for cytotoxicity and senescence-associated β-galactosidase assays, which were compared with dissolved PhIP in dimethyl sulfoxide. PhIP and PhIP@OA did not show significant cytotoxic effects on SHSY5Y, MRC5, and human dermal fibroblast cells compared with the dissolved PhIP but clearly induced premature senescence activities that may be caused by a limited release of PhIP molecules from the particulate PhIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijay Kumar Poudel
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungwook Choi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hong Park
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, United States.
| | - Kyung-Oh Doh
- Department of Physiology, Yeungnam University, Daegu, 42415, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jeong Hoon Byeon
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea.
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10
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Zhang Q, Fan J, Feng J. Formation of banded spherulites and the temperature dependence of the band space in olefin block copolymer. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra04556h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The banded spherulites for olefin block copolymer result from continuous lamellar twisting with an intriguing temperature tendency of the band space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinglong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials
- Department of Macromolecular Science
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
| | - Jiashu Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials
- Department of Macromolecular Science
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
| | - Jiachun Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Polymers and Polymer Composite Materials
- Department of Macromolecular Science
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
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11
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Shtukenberg AG, Gujral A, Rosseeva E, Cui X, Kahr B. Mechanics of twisted hippuric acid crystals untwisting as they grow. CrystEngComm 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ce00195a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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12
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Oh HS, He GS, Law WC, Baev A, Jee H, Liu X, Urbas A, Lee CW, Choi BL, Swihart MT, Prasad PN. Manipulating nanoscale interactions in a polymer nanocomposite for chiral control of linear and nonlinear optical functions. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2014; 26:1607-1611. [PMID: 24307148 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201304071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2013] [Revised: 09/26/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The design, synthesis, and supramolecular organization of a nanocomposite in which nanoscale excitonic interactions between quantum dots and the chiral polymer dramatically enhance the optical activity is reported. This material is highly suitable for application in the emerging field of chiral photonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heong Sub Oh
- Institute for Lasers, Photonics and Biophotonics, The University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, 14260
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13
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Wang X, Si Y, Wang X, Yang J, Ding B, Chen L, Hu Z, Yu J. Tuning hierarchically aligned structures for high-strength PMIA-MWCNT hybrid nanofibers. NANOSCALE 2013; 5:886-889. [PMID: 23247563 DOI: 10.1039/c2nr33696k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Novel hierarchically aligned PMIA-MWCNT hybrid nanofibers with a robust tensile strength of 316.7 MPa were prepared by a facile electrospinning process. The critical roles of humidity and MWCNT contents in tuning hierarchically aligned structures were first proposed, and a two-step break mechanism upon external stress was confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoru Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
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14
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Fujitsu Y, Nakayama H, Uchida T, Yamazaki S, Kimura K. Hollow spheres of aromatic polyamide prepared by reaction‐induced phase separation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.26467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Fujitsu
- Division of Sustainability of Resources, Graduate School of Environmental Science, Okayama University, 3‐1‐1 Tsushima‐Naka Kita‐Ku, Okayama, 700‐8530 Japan
| | - Hirofumi Nakayama
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Materials, Faculty of Environmental Science and Technology, 3‐1‐1 Tsushima‐Naka Kita‐Ku, Okayama, 700‐8530 Japan
| | - Tetsuya Uchida
- Division of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3‐1‐1 Tsushima‐Naka Kita‐Ku, Okayama, 700‐8530 Japan
| | - Shinichi Yamazaki
- Division of Sustainability of Resources, Graduate School of Environmental Science, Okayama University, 3‐1‐1 Tsushima‐Naka Kita‐Ku, Okayama, 700‐8530 Japan
| | - Kunio Kimura
- Division of Sustainability of Resources, Graduate School of Environmental Science, Okayama University, 3‐1‐1 Tsushima‐Naka Kita‐Ku, Okayama, 700‐8530 Japan
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15
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16
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Wang J, Wang W, Sun P, Yuan Z, Li B, Jin Q, Ding D, Chen T. Hierarchically helical mesostructured silica nanofibers templated by achiral cationic surfactant. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1039/b609243h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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17
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Ohsuna T, Liu Z, Che S, Terasaki O. Characterization of chiral mesoporous materials by transmission electron microscopy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2005; 1:233-7. [PMID: 17193437 DOI: 10.1002/smll.200400048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
By using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the chirality of novel mesoporous materials has been studied. In addition, a computer simulation that uses a simple structural model was employed. The existence of chiral channels inside a tubelike material was confirmed by the observation of fringes along the length of the tubes. The chiral pitch of the channels was measured from the intermittent period, the chirality (right- or left-handed) was determined from the tilt direction of a tube compared with the direction of incident electrons and the curvature direction of the curved intermitted fringes as viewed in the TEM images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsu Ohsuna
- Structural Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 10961 Stockholm, Sweden.
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18
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Martin DC, Chen J, Yang J, Drummy LF, Kübel C. High resolution electron microscopy of ordered polymers and organic molecular crystals: Recent developments and future possibilities. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.20419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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19
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Xu J, Guo BH, Zhang ZM, Zhou JJ, Jiang Y, Yan S, Li L, Wu Q, Chen GQ, Schultz JM. Direct AFM Observation of Crystal Twisting and Organization in Banded Spherulites of Chiral Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate). Macromolecules 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/ma0499122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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20
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Kübel C, Mio MJ, Moore JS, Martin DC. Molecular packing and morphology of oligo(m-phenylene ethynylene) foldamers. J Am Chem Soc 2002; 124:8605-10. [PMID: 12121102 DOI: 10.1021/ja0204022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Understanding and controlling solid-state morphologies and molecular conformations is the key to optimizing the properties of materials. As an example for the influence of small chemical changes on solid-state structures, we studied oligo(m-phenylene ethynylene) foldamers, where the introduction of an endo-methyl group induces a transition from an extended all-transoid to a helical all-cisoid conformation. The resulting structural changes were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), polarized optical microscopy (POM), and low-dose high-resolution electron microscopy (LD-HREM) over several length scales from the molecular to the mesoscopic level. The strong tendency of the endo-methyl oligomer 1 to form stable compact helices in solution resulted in round droplets with an ordered hexagonal columnar (Col(ho)) liquid crystalline structure, where shrinkage during the crystallization resulted in the formation of a banded texture. On the other hand, the endo-hydrogen oligomer 2 exhibited a very different morphology; its extended linear shape was maintained during crystallization and resulted in an extended lamellar structure, which was determined by a compromise between crystalline packing and minimization of the surface area. Another pronounced difference between both molecular structures was the ability of the extended lamellar "crystals" to bend, whereas the helices form either straight or disordered domains. In addition, both materials exhibit strong surface effects, which extend considerably inside the droplet and induce uniform bending of the supramolecular structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Kübel
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and the Macromolecular Science and Engineering Center, The University of Michigan, 2022 H. H. Dow Building, 2300 Hayward Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105-2136, USA.
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