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Xia K, Rubaie A, Johnson B, Tillman ES. “Greener” Coupling of Poly(methyl methacrylate) and Poly(methyl acrylate) Chains using Activators Generated by Electron Transfer and Radical Traps. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202000125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Xia
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistrySanta Clara University 500 El Camino Real Santa Clara CA 95053 USA
| | - Alia Rubaie
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistrySanta Clara University 500 El Camino Real Santa Clara CA 95053 USA
| | - Brendan Johnson
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistrySanta Clara University 500 El Camino Real Santa Clara CA 95053 USA
| | - Eric S. Tillman
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistrySanta Clara University 500 El Camino Real Santa Clara CA 95053 USA
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Pan CW, Xia K, Parker SA, Tillman ES. Identity of Low-Molecular-Weight Species Formed in End-To-End Cyclization Reactions Performed in THF. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E844. [PMID: 30960769 PMCID: PMC6404060 DOI: 10.3390/polym10080844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclic polymers were produced by end-to-end coupling of telechelic linear polymers under dilute conditions in THF, using intramolecular atom transfer radical coupling or click chemistry. In addition to the expected shift to longer elution times on gel permeation chromatography (GPC) indicative of the formation of cyclic product, lower molecular weight species were consistently observed upon analysis of the unpurified cyclization reaction mixture. By systematically removing or altering single reaction components in the highly dilute cyclization reaction, it was found that THF itself was responsible for the low-molecular-weight material, forming oligomeric chains of poly(THF) regardless of the other reaction components. When the reactions were performed at higher concentrations and for shorter time intervals, conducive to intermolecular chain-end-joining reactions, the low-molecular-weight peaks were absent. Isolation of the material and analysis by ¹H NMR confirmed that poly(THF) was being formed in the highly dilute conditions required for cyclization by end-to-end coupling. When a series of mock cyclization reactions were performed with molar ratios of the reactants held constant, but concentrations changed, it was found that lower concentrations of reactants led to higher amounts of poly(THF) side product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching W Pan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Santa Clara University, 500 El Camino Real, Santa Clara, CA 95053, USA.
| | - Katherine Xia
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Santa Clara University, 500 El Camino Real, Santa Clara, CA 95053, USA.
| | - Samantha A Parker
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Santa Clara University, 500 El Camino Real, Santa Clara, CA 95053, USA.
| | - Eric S Tillman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Santa Clara University, 500 El Camino Real, Santa Clara, CA 95053, USA.
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Napolitano S, Glynos E, Tito NB. Glass transition of polymers in bulk, confined geometries, and near interfaces. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2017; 80:036602. [PMID: 28134134 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/aa5284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 244] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
When cooled or pressurized, polymer melts exhibit a tremendous reduction in molecular mobility. If the process is performed at a constant rate, the structural relaxation time of the liquid eventually exceeds the time allowed for equilibration. This brings the system out of equilibrium, and the liquid is operationally defined as a glass-a solid lacking long-range order. Despite almost 100 years of research on the (liquid/)glass transition, it is not yet clear which molecular mechanisms are responsible for the unique slow-down in molecular dynamics. In this review, we first introduce the reader to experimental methodologies, theories, and simulations of glassy polymer dynamics and vitrification. We then analyse the impact of connectivity, structure, and chain environment on molecular motion at the length scale of a few monomers, as well as how macromolecular architecture affects the glass transition of non-linear polymers. We then discuss a revised picture of nanoconfinement, going beyond a simple picture based on interfacial interactions and surface/volume ratio. Analysis of a large body of experimental evidence, results from molecular simulations, and predictions from theory supports, instead, a more complex framework where other parameters are relevant. We focus discussion specifically on local order, free volume, irreversible chain adsorption, the Debye-Waller factor of confined and confining media, chain rigidity, and the absolute value of the vitrification temperature. We end by highlighting the molecular origin of distributions in relaxation times and glass transition temperatures which exceed, by far, the size of a chain. Fast relaxation modes, almost universally present at the free surface between polymer and air, are also remarked upon. These modes relax at rates far larger than those characteristic of glassy dynamics in bulk. We speculate on how these may be a signature of unique relaxation processes occurring in confined or heterogeneous polymeric systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Napolitano
- Laboratory of Polymer and Soft Matter Dynamics, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Boulevard du Triomphe, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
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Zhang L, Elupula R, Grayson SM, Torkelson JM. Major Impact of Cyclic Chain Topology on the Tg-Confinement Effect of Supported Thin Films of Polystyrene. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b02474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ravinder Elupula
- Department
of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Scott M. Grayson
- Department
of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
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Polymerization of styrene and cyclization to macrocyclic polystyrene in a one-pot, two-step sequence. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2013.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Zhang H, Zhou N, Zhu X, Chen X, Zhang Z, Zhang W, Zhu J, Hu Z, Zhu X. Cyclic
Side-Chain Phenylazo Naphthalene Polymers: Enhanced Fluorescence Emission and Surface Relief Grating Formation. Macromol Rapid Commun 2012; 33:1845-51. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201200415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Voter AF, Tillman ES, Findeis PM, Radzinski SC. Synthesis of Macrocyclic Polymers Formed via Intramolecular Radical Trap-Assisted Atom Transfer Radical Coupling. ACS Macro Lett 2012; 1:1066-1070. [PMID: 35607039 DOI: 10.1021/mz300311p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of cyclic polystyrene (PSt) with an alkoxyamine functionality has been accomplished by intramolecular radical coupling in the presence of a nitroso radical trap. Linear α,ω-dibrominated polystyrene, produced by the atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of styrene using a dibrominated initiator, was subjected to chain-end activation via the atom transfer radical coupling (ATRC) process under pseudodilute conditions in the presence of 2-methyl-2-nitrosopropane (MNP). This radical trap-assisted, intramolecular ATRC (RTA-ATRC) produced cyclic polymers in greater than 90% yields, possessing ⟨G⟩ values in the 0.8-0.9 range as determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). Thermal-induced opening of the cycles, made possible by the incorporated alkoxyamine, resulted in a return to the original apparent molecular weight, further supporting the formation of cyclic polymers in the RTA-ATRC reaction. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) provided direct confirmation of the cyclic architecture and the incorporation of the nitroso group into the macrocycle. RTA-ATRC cyclizations carried out with faster rates of polymer addition into the redox active solution and/or in the presence of a much larger excess of MNP (up to a 250:1 ratio of MNP:C-Br chain end) still yielded cyclic polymers that contained alkoxyamine functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew F. Voter
- Department of Chemistry, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, Pennsylvania 17837, United States
| | - Eric S. Tillman
- Department of Chemistry, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, Pennsylvania 17837, United States
| | - Peter M. Findeis
- Department of Chemistry, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, Pennsylvania 17837, United States
| | - Scott C. Radzinski
- Department of Chemistry, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, Pennsylvania 17837, United States
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Zhu X, Zhou N, Zhang Z, Sun B, Yang Y, Zhu J, Zhu X. Cyclic Polymers with Pendent Carbazole Units: Enhanced Fluorescence and Redox Behavior. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201101303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Zhu X, Zhou N, Zhang Z, Sun B, Yang Y, Zhu J, Zhu X. Cyclic Polymers with Pendent Carbazole Units: Enhanced Fluorescence and Redox Behavior. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:6615-8. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201101303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2011] [Revised: 04/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Shi GY, Sun JT, Pan CY. Well-Defined Miktocycle Eight-Shaped Copolymers Composed of Polystyrene and Poly(ε-caprolactone): Synthesis and Characterization. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201100001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Fan X, Wang G, Huang J. Synthesis of macrocyclic molecular brushes with amphiphilic block copolymers as side chains. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.24555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Chen R, Ling J, Hogen-Esch TE. Synthesis and Spectroscopic Studies of Macrocyclic Polystyrene Containing Two Fluorene Units and Single 9,10-Anthracenylidene Group. Macromolecules 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/ma9005186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rong Chen
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1661
| | - Jun Ling
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1661
| | - Thieo E. Hogen-Esch
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1661
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Shi GY, Pan CY. An efficient synthetic route to well-defined theta-shaped copolymers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.23347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Ge Z, Zhou Y, Xu J, Liu H, Chen D, Liu S. High-Efficiency Preparation of Macrocyclic Diblock Copolymers via Selective Click Reaction in Micellar Media. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:1628-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ja808772z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhishen Ge
- Hefei National Laboratory of Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China, and Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yueming Zhou
- Hefei National Laboratory of Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China, and Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Hefei National Laboratory of Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China, and Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Hewen Liu
- Hefei National Laboratory of Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China, and Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Daoyong Chen
- Hefei National Laboratory of Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China, and Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Shiyong Liu
- Hefei National Laboratory of Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China, and Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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Johnson JM, Chen R, Chen X, Moskun AC, Zhang X, Hogen-Esch TE, Bradforth SE. Investigation of Macrocyclic Polymers as Artificial Light Harvesters: Subpicosecond Energy Transfer in Poly(9,9-dimethyl-2-vinylfluorene). J Phys Chem B 2008; 112:16367-81. [DOI: 10.1021/jp806250k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jerainne M. Johnson
- Department of Chemistry and Loker Hydrocarbon Institute, University of Southern California, University Park, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482
| | - Rong Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Loker Hydrocarbon Institute, University of Southern California, University Park, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482
| | - Xiyi Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Loker Hydrocarbon Institute, University of Southern California, University Park, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482
| | - Amy C. Moskun
- Department of Chemistry and Loker Hydrocarbon Institute, University of Southern California, University Park, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Loker Hydrocarbon Institute, University of Southern California, University Park, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482
| | - Thieo E. Hogen-Esch
- Department of Chemistry and Loker Hydrocarbon Institute, University of Southern California, University Park, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482
| | - Stephen E. Bradforth
- Department of Chemistry and Loker Hydrocarbon Institute, University of Southern California, University Park, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482
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Shi GY, Yang LP, Pan CY. Synthesis and characterization of well-defined polystyrene and poly(ε-caprolactone) hetero eight-shaped copolymers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.22959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Shi GY, Pan CY. Synthesis of Well-Defined Figure-of-Eight-Shaped Polymers by a Combination of ATRP and Click Chemistry. Macromol Rapid Commun 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.200800337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Boydston AJ, Xia Y, Kornfield JA, Gorodetskaya IA, Grubbs RH. Cyclic ruthenium-alkylidene catalysts for ring-expansion metathesis polymerization. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:12775-82. [PMID: 18729450 DOI: 10.1021/ja8037849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A series of cyclic Ru-alkylidene catalysts have been prepared and evaluated for their efficiency in ring-expansion metathesis polymerization (REMP). The catalyst structures feature chelating tethers extending from one N-atom of an N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligand to the Ru metal center. The catalyst design is modular in nature, which provided access to Ru complexes having varying tether lengths, as well as electronically different NHC ligands. Structural impacts of the tether length were unveiled through (1)H NMR spectroscopy as well as single-crystal X-ray analyses. Catalyst activities were evaluated via polymerization of cyclooctene, and key data are provided regarding propagation rates, intramolecular chain transfer, and catalyst stabilities, three areas necessary for the efficient synthesis of cyclic poly(olefin)s via REMP. From these studies, it was determined that while increasing the tether length of the catalyst leads to enhanced rates of polymerization, shorter tethers were found to facilitate intramolecular chain transfer and release of catalyst from the polymer. Electronic modification of the NHC via backbone saturation was found to enhance polymerization rates to a greater extent than did homologation of the tether. Overall, cyclic Ru complexes bearing 5- or 6-carbon tethers and saturated NHC ligands were found to be readily synthesized, bench-stable, and highly active catalysts for REMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Boydston
- Arnold and Mabel Beckman Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125
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Tezuka Y, Ohtsuka T, Adachi K, Komiya R, Ohno N, Okui N. A Defect-Free
Ring Polymer: Size-Controlled Cyclic Poly(tetrahydrofuran) Consisting Exclusively of the Monomer Unit. Macromol Rapid Commun 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.200800103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Fomina N, Hogen-Esch TE. Synthesis and Characterization of Macrocyclic Poly(fluorene-3,6-diyl). Macromolecules 2008. [DOI: 10.1021/ma800635w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nadezda Fomina
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1661
| | - Thieo E. Hogen-Esch
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1661
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Yamanaka T, Endo K. Network Formation of Interlocked Copolymer Obtained from Copolymerization of 1,2-Dithiane and Lipoic Acid by Metal Salt. Polym J 2007. [DOI: 10.1295/polymj.pj2007069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Tezuka Y, Takahashi N, Satoh T, Adachi K. Synthesis of Polymeric Topological Isomers Having θ- and Manacle-Constructions with Olefinic Groups at Designated Positions. Macromolecules 2007. [DOI: 10.1021/ma071425+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Kawaguchi D, Nishu T, Takano A, Matsushita Y. Direct Observation of an Isolated Cyclic Sodium Poly(styrenesulfonate) Molecule by Atomic Force Microscopy. Polym J 2007. [DOI: 10.1295/polymj.pj2006155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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KAWAGUCHI D, TAKANO A, MATSUSHITA Y. Characterization of Cyclic Polystyrene with High Molecular Weight and Its Interdiffusion Behavior. KOBUNSHI RONBUNSHU 2007. [DOI: 10.1295/koron.64.397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Hogen-Esch TE. Synthesis and characterization of macrocyclic vinyl aromatic polymers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.21331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Alberty KA, Hogen-Esch TE, Carlotti S. Synthesis and Characterization of Macrocyclic Vinyl-Aromatic Polymers. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.200400471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Tezuka Y, Ohashi F. Synthesis of Polymeric Topological Isomers through Double Metathesis Condensation with H-Shaped Telechelic Precursors. Macromol Rapid Commun 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.200400663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Uhrig D, Mays JW. Experimental techniques in high-vacuum anionic polymerization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.21016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Oike H, Uchibori A, Tsuchitani A, Kim HK, Tezuka Y. Designing Loop and Branch Polymer Topology with Cationic Star Telechelics through Effective Selection of Mono- and Difunctional Counteranions. Macromolecules 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/ma049001s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Oike
- Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Akiko Uchibori
- Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Akiko Tsuchitani
- Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Hyun-Kyoon Kim
- Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Tezuka
- Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
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Chen R, Nossarev GG, Hogen-Esch TE. Synthesis and thermal and spectroscopic properties of macrocyclic vinyl aromatic polymers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.20413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Chen R, Johnson JM, Bradforth SE, Hogen-Esch TE. Ultraviolet Absorption and Fluorescence Emission Spectroscopic Studies of Macrocyclic and Linear Poly(9,9-dimethyl-2-vinylfluorene). Evidence for Ground-State Chromophore Interactions. Macromolecules 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/ma030400h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rong Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Locker Hydrocarbon Research Institute, University Park, Los Angeles, California 90089
| | - Jerainne M. Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Locker Hydrocarbon Research Institute, University Park, Los Angeles, California 90089
| | - Stephen E. Bradforth
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Locker Hydrocarbon Research Institute, University Park, Los Angeles, California 90089
| | - Thieo E. Hogen-Esch
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Locker Hydrocarbon Research Institute, University Park, Los Angeles, California 90089
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Kubo M, Nishigawa T, Uno T, Itoh T, Sato H. Cyclic Polyelectrolyte: Synthesis of Cyclic Poly(acrylic acid) and Cyclic Potassium Polyacrylate. Macromolecules 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/ma030433x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masataka Kubo
- Department of Chemistry for Materials, Faculty of Engineering, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan, and The Agricultural High-Tech Research Center, Meijo University, Nagoya 468-8502, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nishigawa
- Department of Chemistry for Materials, Faculty of Engineering, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan, and The Agricultural High-Tech Research Center, Meijo University, Nagoya 468-8502, Japan
| | - Takahiro Uno
- Department of Chemistry for Materials, Faculty of Engineering, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan, and The Agricultural High-Tech Research Center, Meijo University, Nagoya 468-8502, Japan
| | - Takahito Itoh
- Department of Chemistry for Materials, Faculty of Engineering, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan, and The Agricultural High-Tech Research Center, Meijo University, Nagoya 468-8502, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Sato
- Department of Chemistry for Materials, Faculty of Engineering, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan, and The Agricultural High-Tech Research Center, Meijo University, Nagoya 468-8502, Japan
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Chen R, Zhang X, Hogen-Esch TE. Synthesis and Thermal Properties of Macrocyclic Poly(9,9-dimethyl-2-vinylfluorene) Containing Single 1,4-Benzylidene or 9,10-Anthracenylidene Linking Units. Macromolecules 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/ma0301606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rong Chen
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1661
| | - Xi Zhang
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1661
| | - Thieo E. Hogen-Esch
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1661
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Tezuka Y, Tsuchitani A, Oike H. Synthesis of polymeric topological isomers through electrostatic self-assembly and covalent fixation with telechelic poly(THF) having cyclic ammonium salt groups. POLYM INT 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.1342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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38
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Designing 8-Shaped Polymer Topology by Metathesis Condensation with Cyclic Poly(THF) Precursors Having Allyl Groups. Macromolecules 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ma021495a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Tezuka Y, Tsuchitani A, Yoshioka Y, Oike H. Synthesis of θ-Shaped Poly(THF) by Electrostatic Self-Assembly and Covalent Fixation with Three-Armed Star Telechelics Having Cyclic Ammonium Salt Groups. Macromolecules 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ma0209850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Tezuka
- Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552 Japan
| | - Akiko Tsuchitani
- Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552 Japan
| | - Yuka Yoshioka
- Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552 Japan
| | - Hideaki Oike
- Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552 Japan
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40
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Tezuka Y, Komiya R. Metathesis Polymer Cyclization with Telechelic Poly(THF) Having Allyl Groups. Macromolecules 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ma021023w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Tezuka
- Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552 Japan
| | - Ryota Komiya
- Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552 Japan
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