1
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Yu X, Li M, Hong J, Zhou X, Zhang L. Living 3,4‐(Co)Polymerization of Isoprene/Myrcene and One‐Pot Synthesis of a Polyisoprene Blend Catalyzed by Binuclear Rare‐Earth Metal Amidinate Complexes. Chemistry 2019; 25:2569-2576. [PMID: 30537360 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201804944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaying Yu
- Department of ChemistryShanghai Key Laboratory of, Molecular Catalysis and Innovative MaterialsFudan University Shanghai 200438 China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of ChemistryShanghai Key Laboratory of, Molecular Catalysis and Innovative MaterialsFudan University Shanghai 200438 China
| | - Jianquan Hong
- Department of ChemistryShanghai Key Laboratory of, Molecular Catalysis and Innovative MaterialsFudan University Shanghai 200438 China
| | - Xigeng Zhou
- Department of ChemistryShanghai Key Laboratory of, Molecular Catalysis and Innovative MaterialsFudan University Shanghai 200438 China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Lixin Zhang
- Department of ChemistryShanghai Key Laboratory of, Molecular Catalysis and Innovative MaterialsFudan University Shanghai 200438 China
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2
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Xu Y, Yu W, Zhou C. Simultaneous Slowdown of Segmental and Terminal Relaxation of Both Components in Dynamically Asymmetric Poly(ε-caprolactone)/Poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) Blends. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b01214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yafang Xu
- Advanced Rheology Institute, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, State Key Laboratory for Metal Matrix Composite Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Wei Yu
- Advanced Rheology Institute, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, State Key Laboratory for Metal Matrix Composite Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Chixing Zhou
- Advanced Rheology Institute, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing, State Key Laboratory for Metal Matrix Composite Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
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3
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Bierwirth SP, Gainaru C, Böhmer R. Coexistence of two structural relaxation processes in monohydroxy alcohol-alkyl halogen mixtures: Dielectric and rheological studies. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:044509. [PMID: 30068194 DOI: 10.1063/1.5037037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence for the existence of two glass transitions is found in binary mixtures of monohydroxy alcohols with an aprotic alkyl halide by means of dielectric spectroscopy and, markedly, also shear rheology. In the mechanical data, an enormous separation of two components becomes obvious for suitable compositions. The observation of bimodal motional heterogeneity is possible despite the fact that the glass transition temperatures of these substances differ by only 40 K. Obviously, the hydrogen-bond driven formation of supramolecular structures in one of the mixture components facilitates the emergence of dynamic contrast which for other binary liquids was so far only observed in the presence of much larger glass transition temperature differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Peter Bierwirth
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Catalin Gainaru
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Roland Böhmer
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
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4
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Alexandris S, Franczyk A, Papamokos G, Marciniec B, Graf R, Matyjaszewski K, Koynov K, Floudas G. Dynamic Heterogeneity in Random Copolymers of Polymethacrylates Bearing Different Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane Moieties (POSS). Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b00660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Adrian Franczyk
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
- Center
for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Umultowska 89c, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - George Papamokos
- Department
of Physics, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Bogdan Marciniec
- Center
for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Umultowska 89c, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Robert Graf
- Max Planck Institute
for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Kaloian Koynov
- Max Planck Institute
for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - George Floudas
- Department
of Physics, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
- Max Planck Institute
for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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5
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Sigle JL, Clough A, Zhou J, White JL. Controlling Macroscopic Properties by Tailoring Nanoscopic Interfaces in Tapered Copolymers. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b01215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L. Sigle
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
| | - Andrew Clough
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
| | - Joe Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
| | - Jeffery L. White
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
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6
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Cangialosi D. Dynamics and thermodynamics of polymer glasses. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2014; 26:153101. [PMID: 24675099 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/26/15/153101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The fate of matter when decreasing the temperature at constant pressure is that of passing from gas to liquid and, subsequently, from liquid to crystal. However, a class of materials can exist in an amorphous phase below the melting temperature. On cooling such materials, a glass is formed; that is, a material with the rigidity of a solid but exhibiting no long-range order. The study of the thermodynamics and dynamics of glass-forming systems is the subject of continuous research. Within the wide variety of glass formers, an important sub-class is represented by glass forming polymers. The presence of chain connectivity and, in some cases, conformational disorder are unfavourable factors from the point of view of crystallization. Furthermore, many of them, such as amorphous thermoplastics, thermosets and rubbers, are widely employed in many applications. In this review, the peculiarities of the thermodynamics and dynamics of glass-forming polymers are discussed, with particular emphasis on those topics currently the subject of debate. In particular, the following aspects will be reviewed in the present work: (i) the connection between the pronounced slowing down of glassy dynamics on cooling towards the glass transition temperature (Tg) and the thermodynamics; and, (ii) the fate of the dynamics and thermodynamics below Tg. Both aspects are reviewed in light of the possible presence of a singularity at a finite temperature with diverging relaxation time and zero configurational entropy. In this context, the specificity of glass-forming polymers is emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Cangialosi
- Materials Physics Center, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabel 5 20018 San Sebastian, Spain
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7
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Harmandaris VA, Kremer K, Floudas G. Dynamic heterogeneity in fully miscible blends of polystyrene with oligostyrene. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 110:165701. [PMID: 23679622 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.165701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2012] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Binary blends of polystyrene with oligostyrene are perfectly miscible (χ=0) yet dynamically heterogeneous. This is evidenced by independent probing of the dipole relaxation perpendicular to the backbone by dielectric spectroscopy and molecular dynamics. The self-concentration model with a single intramolecular length scale qualitatively describes the slower segmental dynamics. A quantitative comparison based on MD, however, requires a composition-dependent length scale. The pertinent dynamic length scale that best describes the slow segmental dynamics in miscible blends relates to both intra- and intermolecular contributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vagelis A Harmandaris
- Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Crete, and IACM FORTH GR-71110 Heraklion, Greece.
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8
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Zardalidis G, Floudas G. Pressure Effects on the Dynamic Heterogeneity of Miscible Poly(vinyl acetate)/Poly(ethylene oxide) Blends. Macromolecules 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ma301086a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- George Zardalidis
- Department of Physics, University of Ioannina, P.O. Box 1186, GR-45110 Ioannina,
Greece, and Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), Biomedical Research Institute (BRI), Ioannina, Greece
| | - George Floudas
- Department of Physics, University of Ioannina, P.O. Box 1186, GR-45110 Ioannina,
Greece, and Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), Biomedical Research Institute (BRI), Ioannina, Greece
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9
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Zhao J, Ediger MD. Segmental Dynamics of Dilute Poly(ethylene oxide) in Low and High Molecular Weight Glass-Formers. Macromolecules 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ma201889b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junshu Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - M. D. Ediger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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10
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11
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Gill L, Damron J, Wachowicz M, White JL. Glass Transitions, Segmental Dynamics, and Friction Coefficients for Individual Polymers in Multicomponent Polymer Systems by Chain-Level Experiments. Macromolecules 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ma100477p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lance Gill
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078
| | - Joshua Damron
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078
| | - Marcin Wachowicz
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078
| | - Jeffery L. White
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078
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12
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Cangialosi D, Alegría A, Colmenero J. Dynamical heterogeneity in binary mixtures of low-molecular-weight glass formers. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2009; 80:041505. [PMID: 19905314 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.80.041505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Homogeneous diethyl phthalate/phenylphthalein-dimethylether (DEP/PDE) mixtures have been investigated by means of broadband dielectric spectroscopy. Contrarily to the widespread view that homogenous binary mixtures should give rise to a single glass transition, the mixture displays two dynamics giving rise to two glass transitions. Such a finding can be rationalized invoking the self-concentration concept that relies on the localized nature of the glass transition phenomenon. In such a way, the analogy with miscible polymer blends, for which this concept has been introduced, is highlighted. A model based on the combination of the Adam-Gibbs (AG) theory of the glass transition and the self-concentration concept resulted to be fully predictive once the only unknown variable, namely, the glass-former specific parameter (alpha) connecting the characteristic length for the glass transition to the configurational entropy, is extracted applying the model itself to DEP/toluene and DEP/PDE solutions highly concentrated, respectively, in DEP and PDE. The alpha parameter obtained in such a way allows the precise determination of the most probable relaxation time even for those DEP/PDE mixtures displaying a strong overlap of the dielectric response. The model incorporating the self-concentration concept to the AG theory also provides the characteristic length scale for the glass transition for both DEP and PDE. Such a length scale was found to be on the order of 1-2 nm. This is comparable to that obtained for other glass formers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Cangialosi
- Centrol de Fisica de Materiales CFM (CSIC-UPV/EHU), Apartado 1072, 20080 San Sebastián, Spain
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13
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Schwartz GA, Paluch M, Alegría A, Colmenero J. High pressure dynamics of polymer/plasticizer mixtures. J Chem Phys 2009; 131:044906. [PMID: 19655918 DOI: 10.1063/1.3187938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasticizers are usually added to polymers to give them the desired flexibility and processability by changing the dynamical properties of the polymer chains. It is therefore important to give a quantitative description about how the dynamic behavior of a given polymer is modified by the incorporation of a second component. We analyze in this work, by means of dielectric spectroscopy, the dynamics of poly(vinyl acetate)/diethyl phthalate mixtures, at different concentrations, over a broad range of frequency, pressure, and temperature. The dynamics of these particular mixtures show only one main relaxation process contrarily to what is observed in athermal miscible polymer mixtures. From the dielectric spectra the maximum relaxation time as a function of pressure and temperature was obtained and analyzed. We studied the pressure dependence of the glass transition temperature as well as the fragility of both the neat components and the mixtures at different concentrations (on the rich polymer range). Finally, the experimental data were rationalized within the framework of an Adam-Gibbs (AG) based approach recently developed [G. A. Schwartz et al., J. Chem. Phys. 127, 154907 (2007)]. The model, originally developed for athermal blends, is here modified to take into account the non-negligible interaction between polymer and plasticizer. We found that the temperature-pressure dependence of the alpha-relaxation time is very well described by this AG extended model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Ariel Schwartz
- Centro de Física de Materiales (CSIC-UPV/EHU)-Materials Physics Center MPC, Edificio Korta, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain.
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14
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Cangialosi D, Alegría A, Colmenero J. On the temperature dependence of the nonexponentiality in glass-forming liquids. J Chem Phys 2009; 130:124902. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3098904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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15
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Wachowicz M, Gill L, White JL. Polyolefin Blend Miscibility: Polarization Transfer versus Direct Excitation Exchange NMR. Macromolecules 2008. [DOI: 10.1021/ma802531f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Wachowicz
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078
| | - Lance Gill
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078
| | - Jeffery L. White
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078
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16
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Cerveny S, Zinck P, Terrier M, Arrese-Igor S, Alegría A, Colmenero J. Dynamics of Amorphous and Semicrystalline 1,4-trans-Poly(isoprene) by Dielectric Spectroscopy. Macromolecules 2008. [DOI: 10.1021/ma8016585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Silvina Cerveny
- Centro de Física de Materiales, Centro Mixto CSIC-UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018, San Sebastián, Spain, Departamento de Física de Materiales, Facultad de Química, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), Apartado 1072, 20018, San Sebastián, Spain, Donostia Internacional Physics Center, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018, San Sebastián, Spain, and Synthèses Organométalliques et Catalyse, Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, UMR CNRS 8181, USTL-ENSCL, Cité Scientifique, 59652 Villeneuve
| | - Philippe Zinck
- Centro de Física de Materiales, Centro Mixto CSIC-UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018, San Sebastián, Spain, Departamento de Física de Materiales, Facultad de Química, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), Apartado 1072, 20018, San Sebastián, Spain, Donostia Internacional Physics Center, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018, San Sebastián, Spain, and Synthèses Organométalliques et Catalyse, Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, UMR CNRS 8181, USTL-ENSCL, Cité Scientifique, 59652 Villeneuve
| | - Michael Terrier
- Centro de Física de Materiales, Centro Mixto CSIC-UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018, San Sebastián, Spain, Departamento de Física de Materiales, Facultad de Química, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), Apartado 1072, 20018, San Sebastián, Spain, Donostia Internacional Physics Center, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018, San Sebastián, Spain, and Synthèses Organométalliques et Catalyse, Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, UMR CNRS 8181, USTL-ENSCL, Cité Scientifique, 59652 Villeneuve
| | - Silvia Arrese-Igor
- Centro de Física de Materiales, Centro Mixto CSIC-UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018, San Sebastián, Spain, Departamento de Física de Materiales, Facultad de Química, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), Apartado 1072, 20018, San Sebastián, Spain, Donostia Internacional Physics Center, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018, San Sebastián, Spain, and Synthèses Organométalliques et Catalyse, Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, UMR CNRS 8181, USTL-ENSCL, Cité Scientifique, 59652 Villeneuve
| | - Angel Alegría
- Centro de Física de Materiales, Centro Mixto CSIC-UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018, San Sebastián, Spain, Departamento de Física de Materiales, Facultad de Química, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), Apartado 1072, 20018, San Sebastián, Spain, Donostia Internacional Physics Center, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018, San Sebastián, Spain, and Synthèses Organométalliques et Catalyse, Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, UMR CNRS 8181, USTL-ENSCL, Cité Scientifique, 59652 Villeneuve
| | - Juan Colmenero
- Centro de Física de Materiales, Centro Mixto CSIC-UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018, San Sebastián, Spain, Departamento de Física de Materiales, Facultad de Química, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), Apartado 1072, 20018, San Sebastián, Spain, Donostia Internacional Physics Center, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018, San Sebastián, Spain, and Synthèses Organométalliques et Catalyse, Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, UMR CNRS 8181, USTL-ENSCL, Cité Scientifique, 59652 Villeneuve
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17
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Cangialosi D, Alegría A, Colmenero J. Dielectric relaxation of polychlorinated biphenyl/toluene mixtures: Component dynamics. J Chem Phys 2008; 128:224508. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2937449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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18
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Wachowicz M, Gill L, Wolak J, White JL. Polypropylene and Polyethylene−Copolymer Blend Miscibility: Slow Chain Dynamics in Individual Blend Components near the Glass Transition. Macromolecules 2008. [DOI: 10.1021/ma702795b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Wachowicz
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078
| | - Lance Gill
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078
| | - Justyna Wolak
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078
| | - Jeffery L. White
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078
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19
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Mpoukouvalas K, Floudas G. Effect of Pressure on the Dynamic Heterogeneity in Miscible Blends of Poly(methyl methacrylate) with Poly(ethylene oxide). Macromolecules 2008. [DOI: 10.1021/ma702299n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Mpoukouvalas
- Department of Physics, University of Ioannina, P.O. Box 1186, 451 10 Ioannina, Greece, and Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), Biomedical Research Institute (BRI)
| | - G. Floudas
- Department of Physics, University of Ioannina, P.O. Box 1186, 451 10 Ioannina, Greece, and Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), Biomedical Research Institute (BRI)
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20
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Zheng W, Simon SL. The glass transition in athermal poly(α-methyl styrene)/oligomer blends. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.21379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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21
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Colmenero J, Arbe A. Segmental dynamics in miscible polymer blends: recent results and open questions. SOFT MATTER 2007; 3:1474-1485. [PMID: 32900101 DOI: 10.1039/b710141d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
In this short review we summarize the outcome of the large amount of effort made during the past decade from both the experimental and the theoretical point of view in order to understand the effect of blending on the segmental dynamics in polymers. Each of the two families of models proposed-one based on thermally activated concentration fluctuations, the other on chain connectivity effects-account for each of the two main experimental observations: the broadening of the component response with respect to that of the homopolymer and the dynamic heterogeneity, respectively. The complementarity of these approaches, their main achievements and failures, are critically revised. We also include recent results on blends of components with very different mobilities. In the neighbourhood of the glass-transition of the slow polymer, the dynamics of the other component seem to be confined within the frozen chains. We suggest possible ingredients and new routes to be considered in order to elaborate more predictive theoretical frameworks for all these phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Colmenero
- Centro de Física de Materiales (CSIC-UPV/EHU), Apartado 1072, 20080, San Sebastián, Spain and Donostia International Physics Center, San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - A Arbe
- Centro de Física de Materiales (CSIC-UPV/EHU), Apartado 1072, 20080, San Sebastián, Spain
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22
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Schwartz GA, Alegría A, Colmenero J. Adam-Gibbs based model to describe the single component dynamics in miscible polymer blends under hydrostatic pressure. J Chem Phys 2007; 127:154907. [PMID: 17949214 DOI: 10.1063/1.2780157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We present in this work a new model to describe the component segmental dynamics in miscible polymers blends as a function of pressure, temperature, and composition. The model is based on a combination of the Adam-Gibbs (AG) theory and the concept of the chain connectivity. In this paper we have extended our previous approach [D. Cangialosi et al. J. Chem. Phys. 123, 144908 (2005)] to include the effects of pressure in the component dynamics of miscible polymer blends. The resulting model has been tested on poly(vinyl methyl ether) (PVME)/polystyrene (PS) blends at different concentrations and in the temperature range where the system is in equilibrium. The results show an excellent agreement between the experimental and calculated relaxation times using only one fitting parameter. Once this parameter is known the model allows calculating the size of the relevant length scale where the segmental relaxation of the dielectrically active component takes place, i.e., the so called cooperative rearrangement region (CRR) in the AG framework. Thus the size of the CRR for PVME in the blends with PS has been determined as well as its dependence with pressure, temperature, and concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo A Schwartz
- Centro de Fisica de Materiales CSIC-UPV/EHU, Edificio Korta, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain.
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23
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Brenskelle LA, McCoy BJ. Cluster kinetics model for mixtures of glassformers. J Chem Phys 2007; 127:144505. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2770735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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24
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Cangialosi D, Alegría A, Colmenero J. Route to calculate the length scale for the glass transition in polymers. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2007; 76:011514. [PMID: 17677457 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.76.011514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2006] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of glass transition is believed to be associated to cooperative motion with a growing length scale with decreasing temperature. We provide a route to calculate the size of cooperatively rearranging regions (CRR) of glass-forming polymers combining the Adam-Gibbs theory of the glass transition with the self-concentration concept. To do so we explore the dynamics of glass-forming polymers in different environments. The material specific parameter alpha connecting the size of the CRR to the configurational entropy is obtained in this way. Thereby, the size of CRR can be precisely quantified in absolute values. This size results to be in the range 1-3nm at the glass transition temperature depending on the glass-forming polymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Cangialosi
- Donostia International Physics Center, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain.
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Wachowicz M, White JL. Miscible Blend Dynamics and Thermodynamics: Quantitatively Untangling Slow Conformational Events in Amorphous Polymer Mixtures. Macromolecules 2007. [DOI: 10.1021/ma070605g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Wachowicz
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078
| | - Jeffery L. White
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078
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Cangialosi D, Alegría A, Colmenero J. "Self-concentration" effects on the dynamics of a polychlorinated biphenyl diluted in 1,4-polybutadiene. J Chem Phys 2007; 126:204904. [PMID: 17552797 DOI: 10.1063/1.2740632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The mobility of isolated polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB54) in 1,4-polybutadiene (PB) has been investigated by means of broadband dielectric spectroscopy. The aim was to provide new insights about the effect of the environment on the dynamics of PCB54. The authors' results indicate that PCB54 structural dynamics is neither independent of the PB matrix nor slaved to the matrix itself. The authors interpret these results as a consequence of the limited size of cooperatively rearranging regions (CRRs) involved in PCB54 structural relaxation possessing an effective concentration different from the macroscopic one. This implies a non-negligible influence of "self-concentration," already proven for the component segmental dynamics in polymer blends, also in the relaxation of binary mixtures involving low molecular weight glass formers. This allowed the evaluation of the size of CRR, which was about 1 nm for PCB54 in PB. This means that the cooperativity extends over the first shell around PCB54 molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Cangialosi
- Fundacion Donostia International Physics Center, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
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27
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Roland CM, Casalini R. Dynamics of Poly(cyclohexyl methacrylate): Neat and in Blends with Poly(α-methylstyrene). Macromolecules 2007. [DOI: 10.1021/ma0702849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. M. Roland
- Naval Research Laboratory, Chemistry Division, Code 6120, Washington, DC 20375-5342, and Chemistry Department, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia 22030
| | - R. Casalini
- Naval Research Laboratory, Chemistry Division, Code 6120, Washington, DC 20375-5342, and Chemistry Department, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia 22030
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